This article explores the ways in which policymakers, national institutions, and film funding bodies try to navigate the current challenges for Swedish cinema, and if/how distinctions such as “commercial value”, “circulation potential” and “quality” remains important criteria for them. This is done by analyzing reports and interviewing people from both the industry and funding bodies.
{"title":"Getting Your Money Back: Swedish Funding Institutions and Questions About Quality Films","authors":"Zehra Cerrahoğlu","doi":"10.5195/cinej.2023.595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2023.595","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the ways in which policymakers, national institutions, and film funding bodies try to navigate the current challenges for Swedish cinema, and if/how distinctions such as “commercial value”, “circulation potential” and “quality” remains important criteria for them. This is done by analyzing reports and interviewing people from both the industry and funding bodies.","PeriodicalId":41802,"journal":{"name":"CINEJ Cinema Journal","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135618794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From 1939 to 1950, Slovak cinema underwent a massive institutional development, war-related setbacks, and finally became nationalized under the control of the Czechoslovak Ministry of Information. This article aims to thematize this understudied time period of Slovak cinema and to reveal how Slovak cinema transformed from a proto-national cinema into a national one.
{"title":"Slow Steps: The Institutional Development of Slovak Film From Proto-National to National Film 1939-1950","authors":"Nicholas David Hudac","doi":"10.5195/cinej.2023.491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2023.491","url":null,"abstract":"From 1939 to 1950, Slovak cinema underwent a massive institutional development, war-related setbacks, and finally became nationalized under the control of the Czechoslovak Ministry of Information. This article aims to thematize this understudied time period of Slovak cinema and to reveal how Slovak cinema transformed from a proto-national cinema into a national one.","PeriodicalId":41802,"journal":{"name":"CINEJ Cinema Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135618801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article is based on the concept of exposing the world through the lens of cinema by a cinematographer. Without a cinematographer, movies are not as visually and emotionally impactful on audiences. Cinema is trying to penetrate beyond things and create an utterly phenomenological experience. Cinematographers are responsible for creating the audience's emotions through various cinematic techniques. It is perhaps one of their most significant roles is to promote the cinematic frame as a mediator. This research claims that the cinema’s camera illuminates the world through focusing and framing components. It provides the cinematic image with a cinematic presence and makes it feasible in a phenomenological sense (return to things themselves). And eventually, this leads to viewer buoyancy and immersiveness.
{"title":"Exposing the world through Emanuel Lubezki's method","authors":"Majid Bagherzadeh, Elyas Sanati, Masoud Naghipour","doi":"10.5195/cinej.2023.447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2023.447","url":null,"abstract":"This article is based on the concept of exposing the world through the lens of cinema by a cinematographer. Without a cinematographer, movies are not as visually and emotionally impactful on audiences. Cinema is trying to penetrate beyond things and create an utterly phenomenological experience. Cinematographers are responsible for creating the audience's emotions through various cinematic techniques. It is perhaps one of their most significant roles is to promote the cinematic frame as a mediator. This research claims that the cinema’s camera illuminates the world through focusing and framing components. It provides the cinematic image with a cinematic presence and makes it feasible in a phenomenological sense (return to things themselves). And eventually, this leads to viewer buoyancy and immersiveness.","PeriodicalId":41802,"journal":{"name":"CINEJ Cinema Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135568069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At its inception in the early 1990s, the Nollywood film movement did not attract a positive appraisal from most “learned” critics. Its non-conformist approach to filmmaking made most critics to associate it with the act of just “making images” as well as a lack of respect for cinema. Even major film festivals seemed “not friendly” to Nollywood films. Today, the quality of Nollywood films has remarkably improved even though much is still to be done. However, it remains important to examine if such improvement in quality has affected international film critics’ reception of Nollywood films. Using secondary sources and critical observations this author examines how Nollywood film criticism has evolved over these last years. The author focuses specifically on how the FESPACO and Cannes Festival have received Nollywood productions.
{"title":"From “Makers of Images” to Cineastes? Looking Critically at Festivals and Critics’ Reception of Nollywood","authors":"Floribert Patrick C. Endong","doi":"10.5195/cinej.2023.533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2023.533","url":null,"abstract":"At its inception in the early 1990s, the Nollywood film movement did not attract a positive appraisal from most “learned” critics. Its non-conformist approach to filmmaking made most critics to associate it with the act of just “making images” as well as a lack of respect for cinema. Even major film festivals seemed “not friendly” to Nollywood films. Today, the quality of Nollywood films has remarkably improved even though much is still to be done. However, it remains important to examine if such improvement in quality has affected international film critics’ reception of Nollywood films. Using secondary sources and critical observations this author examines how Nollywood film criticism has evolved over these last years. The author focuses specifically on how the FESPACO and Cannes Festival have received Nollywood productions.","PeriodicalId":41802,"journal":{"name":"CINEJ Cinema Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135618413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyses how the songs of Pyaasa,1957 including musical and cinematic elements not only contribute to further the film’s narrative but also stands apart weaving its own narrative and themes relevant to current Indian politics and society. Five songs from Pyaasa are used to examine the objective of research. Each song including its lyrics and picturization is explored to understand the ways in which the song promoted the overall narrative of the film. Further, the songs are juxtaposed to the current Indian political and civilizational climate to highlight its relevance.
{"title":"The Songs of Pyaasa - A Narrative within a Narrative","authors":"Srijana Siri Murthy","doi":"10.5195/cinej.2023.421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2023.421","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses how the songs of Pyaasa,1957 including musical and cinematic elements not only contribute to further the film’s narrative but also stands apart weaving its own narrative and themes relevant to current Indian politics and society. Five songs from Pyaasa are used to examine the objective of research. Each song including its lyrics and picturization is explored to understand the ways in which the song promoted the overall narrative of the film. Further, the songs are juxtaposed to the current Indian political and civilizational climate to highlight its relevance.","PeriodicalId":41802,"journal":{"name":"CINEJ Cinema Journal","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135780018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In African culture generally, virginity is associated with innocence from sexuality; it is ascribed the position of the pride of every woman and for the Yorubas’, one who has not “spoiled” herself. Public and empirical discourses on the influences of westernisation on cultural values like virginity in Nigeria-Africa have been significantly negative as a paradigm shift from the indigenous concept of communal honour and personal/ public morality and modesty to representations of westernisation and modernisation. This study examines four films by Tunde Kelani (Narrow Path, Magun, Campus Queen, and Arugba) to explain the unevolved socio-cultural importance attached to virginity before and after the embrace of westernization.
{"title":"Socio-Cultural Archetypes: Interrogating African Virginity Discourse in Tunde Kelani’s Films.","authors":"Adeyoola Mercy Ojemola","doi":"10.5195/cinej.2023.405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2023.405","url":null,"abstract":"In African culture generally, virginity is associated with innocence from sexuality; it is ascribed the position of the pride of every woman and for the Yorubas’, one who has not “spoiled” herself. Public and empirical discourses on the influences of westernisation on cultural values like virginity in Nigeria-Africa have been significantly negative as a paradigm shift from the indigenous concept of communal honour and personal/ public morality and modesty to representations of westernisation and modernisation. This study examines four films by Tunde Kelani (Narrow Path, Magun, Campus Queen, and Arugba) to explain the unevolved socio-cultural importance attached to virginity before and after the embrace of westernization.","PeriodicalId":41802,"journal":{"name":"CINEJ Cinema Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135780212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The deceptive clues in the impossible puzzle film confirm the viewer’s internal expectations and allow retrospective attributing. In the film, a transcendental object negates an internal expectation, causing a retrospective blockage. Retrospectivity does not stop there; the transcendental object reinterpreting deceptive clues in the associative area leads to repeated attribution. This article consists of three parts. First, it discusses impossible puzzle films in the context of complex narrative classification. The following section introduces the Jungian concept of synchronicity and illustrates how it works. The article concludes with a case study of Long Day’s Journey into Night (2018), which contains more complicated puzzles and explains how mind-game narrative techniques create deceptive clues and induce deceptive retrospective attribution.
不可能的谜题电影中的欺骗性线索证实了观众的内在期望，并允许追溯归因。在影片中，一个先验的物体否定了一个内在的期望，造成了一个回顾性的阻塞。回顾并不止于此;先验客体对联想区欺骗性线索的重新解释导致重复归因。本文由三部分组成。首先，本文讨论了复杂叙事分类语境下的不可能谜题电影。以下部分将介绍荣格的同步性概念并说明其工作原理。文章最后以《长夜之旅》(Long Day’s Journey into Night, 2018)为例进行了分析，其中包含了更复杂的谜题，并解释了心理游戏叙事技巧如何创造欺骗性线索，并诱导欺骗性的回顾性归因。
{"title":"Deceptive Retrospective Narrative Strategy and Synchronistic Prerequisite: Case Study on The Design of Impossible Puzzles","authors":"Yu Yang","doi":"10.5195/cinej.2023.475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2023.475","url":null,"abstract":"The deceptive clues in the impossible puzzle film confirm the viewer’s internal expectations and allow retrospective attributing. In the film, a transcendental object negates an internal expectation, causing a retrospective blockage. Retrospectivity does not stop there; the transcendental object reinterpreting deceptive clues in the associative area leads to repeated attribution. This article consists of three parts. First, it discusses impossible puzzle films in the context of complex narrative classification. The following section introduces the Jungian concept of synchronicity and illustrates how it works. The article concludes with a case study of Long Day’s Journey into Night (2018), which contains more complicated puzzles and explains how mind-game narrative techniques create deceptive clues and induce deceptive retrospective attribution.","PeriodicalId":41802,"journal":{"name":"CINEJ Cinema Journal","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135780213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study focuses the representation of male characters in the films of contemporary male auteur directors in Turkey. Once Upon a Time in Anatolia (Zeki Demirkubuz, 2011), Underground (Demizkubuz, 2012), and Big World (Erdem, 2016) are explored using sociological film analysis. Unlike mainstream cinema, the protagonists in these directors’ films do not demonstrate hegemonic masculinity; the supporting male characters that do demonstrate hegemonic masculinity category are not white Turks. Arguably, the male characters embody a new hybrid hegemonic masculinity that combines various masculinities to reproduce patriarchy. It can be stated that “Others” in these films are negatively affected.
{"title":"Understanding masculinity in Turkey through the films of male auteur directors","authors":"Hasan Gürkan, Işıl Yarcı","doi":"10.5195/cinej.2023.413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2023.413","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses the representation of male characters in the films of contemporary male auteur directors in Turkey. Once Upon a Time in Anatolia (Zeki Demirkubuz, 2011), Underground (Demizkubuz, 2012), and Big World (Erdem, 2016) are explored using sociological film analysis. Unlike mainstream cinema, the protagonists in these directors’ films do not demonstrate hegemonic masculinity; the supporting male characters that do demonstrate hegemonic masculinity category are not white Turks. Arguably, the male characters embody a new hybrid hegemonic masculinity that combines various masculinities to reproduce patriarchy. It can be stated that “Others” in these films are negatively affected.","PeriodicalId":41802,"journal":{"name":"CINEJ Cinema Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135780221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Throughout the history of the humanity, and not withstanding of the humankind; the black magic has always been, and is still, an ugly and frightening human folklore in many cultures, whatever would be their religions and beliefs ; and from which, they are still suffering until nowadays, due to its distinction with mysterious and suspicious practices that have been imprinted in the identity of mankind, as a point of contention that transcends different sects and races. Discussing such issue is deeply hated by most of the populations, due to the huge rate of horror and frightens it may push the interlocutors to feel: what if such an internationally suffering from problematic is treated through a motion picture? Would its receiving and comprehension be better and easier? And how would a horror movie be a film d’auteur, horror and social one at the same time? Will there be a difference in the way of receiving it by the audience? And would the fact of being predecessor and identificatory at the same time, positively influence its distribution? We will try to answer all those questions through our article that we baptise: The Black magic: an intangible cultural heritage in defiance of the human will-An aesthetic and analytical lecture of its illustration in the sociohorteur movie: Dachra made by Abdelhamid Bouchnak
{"title":"The Black magic: An aesthetic analysis of its illustration in the sociohorteur film: Dachra","authors":"Faten Ridene","doi":"10.5195/cinej.2022.464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2022.464","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the history of the humanity, and not withstanding of the humankind; the black magic has always been, and is still, an ugly and frightening human folklore in many cultures, whatever would be their religions and beliefs ; and from which, they are still suffering until nowadays, due to its distinction with mysterious and suspicious practices that have been imprinted in the identity of mankind, as a point of contention that transcends different sects and races. Discussing such issue is deeply hated by most of the populations, due to the huge rate of horror and frightens it may push the interlocutors to feel: what if such an internationally suffering from problematic is treated through a motion picture? Would its receiving and comprehension be better and easier? And how would a horror movie be a film d’auteur, horror and social one at the same time? Will there be a difference in the way of receiving it by the audience? And would the fact of being predecessor and identificatory at the same time, positively influence its distribution? We will try to answer all those questions through our article that we baptise: The Black magic: an intangible cultural heritage in defiance of the human will-An aesthetic and analytical lecture of its illustration in the sociohorteur movie: Dachra made by Abdelhamid Bouchnak","PeriodicalId":41802,"journal":{"name":"CINEJ Cinema Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72654520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Discussing the debate and ideological background regarding national cinema, this form of art shall be compared to several other contemporary cinematic currents in Turkey. In this study, a content analysis comprising one of the rarer examples of national cinema, the film "Güneş Ne Zaman Doğacak?" (Mehmet Kılıç, 1977) will be conducted while scanning secondary sources on Turkish cinema to present a concise picture; of the phenomenon that is known as 'national cinema.' Distinctive characteristics of the artistic language and the ideological background of the post-1960 Turkish cinema will be provided, among those, the phenomenon of a very blurred line between creative expressions and underlying ideological affiliations and the non-static developmental nature of cinematic fashions in influencing each other.
讨论关于民族电影的争论和意识形态背景，这种艺术形式应该与土耳其其他几个当代电影潮流进行比较。在这项研究中，内容分析包括一个罕见的国家电影的例子，电影“ neki Ne Zaman Doğacak?”(Mehmet Kılıç， 1977)将在扫描土耳其电影的二手资料的同时进行，以呈现一个简洁的画面;这种现象被称为“民族电影”。将提供1960年后土耳其电影的艺术语言和意识形态背景的独特特征，其中包括创造性表达与潜在的意识形态从属关系之间的界限非常模糊的现象，以及电影时尚相互影响的非静态发展性质。
{"title":"Güneş Ne Zaman Doğacak?: A different approach from the perspective of Turkish cinematic art","authors":"Mehmet Yılmazata, E. Güven","doi":"10.5195/cinej.2022.525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2022.525","url":null,"abstract":"Discussing the debate and ideological background regarding national cinema, this form of art shall be compared to several other contemporary cinematic currents in Turkey. In this study, a content analysis comprising one of the rarer examples of national cinema, the film \"Güneş Ne Zaman Doğacak?\" (Mehmet Kılıç, 1977) will be conducted while scanning secondary sources on Turkish cinema to present a concise picture; of the phenomenon that is known as 'national cinema.' Distinctive characteristics of the artistic language and the ideological background of the post-1960 Turkish cinema will be provided, among those, the phenomenon of a very blurred line between creative expressions and underlying ideological affiliations and the non-static developmental nature of cinematic fashions in influencing each other. ","PeriodicalId":41802,"journal":{"name":"CINEJ Cinema Journal","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87221559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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