Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/amp.2023.a911653
Cari Carpenter
ABSTRACT: Twin Territories was a newspaper in Indian Territory from 1898 to 1905 that included the latest regional news, historical information about various tribes, and the column "What the Curious Want to Know." It also incorporated a variety of photographs of American Indian women, portraits of officials, and landmarks. The newspaper actively sustained a national audience. Ora Eddleman Reed understood her role as an editor in Indian Territory in part as a responsibility to correct inaccurate, dangerous representations of Natives people in the US. In addition to countering stereotypes of women, Twin Territories troubled visions of a backwards civilization, offering instead a portrait of Cherokee people as members of a burgeoning capitalist economy. While concentrating on a particular vision of Indian Territory as a modern, developing space, I seek to place Twin Territories in context as an Indian Territory newspaper of the turn of the twentieth century and to study its key features, including the advice column, its short fiction, and the photographic column, "Portraits of Indian Girls." Such representation is all the more complicated by Eddelman Reed's connection to the Cherokee community.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/amp.2023.a911657
Candace Ward
(Re)Framing Caribbean Periodical Archives Candace Ward (bio) Haiti's Paper War: Post-Independence Writing, Civil War, and the Making of the Republic, 1804–1954. By Chelsea Stieber. New York: New York University Press, 2020. 380 pp. $89 (hardcover), $30 (paperback). Writing the Caribbean in Magazine Time. By Katerina Gonzalez Seligmann. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2021. 216 pp. $120 (hardcover), $29.95 (paperback), $29.95 (PDF). From my perspective as an early Caribbeanist navigating the imperial and nationalistic boundaries that continue to shape Caribbean print studies, two recently published books illustrate the rewards and challenges of pushing against those limits. The first, Chelsea Stieber's Haiti's Paper War: Post-Independence Writing, Civil War, and the Making of the Republic, 1804–1954, digs deeply into the archive to reframe questions about Haitian print culture of the long nineteenth century and its implications for American (post)colonial studies more broadly. The second, Katerina Gonzalez Seligmann's Writing the Caribbean in Magazine Time, looks at literary magazine production in the Caribbean (Martinique, Cuba, and Barbados, to be precise) during the 1940s. Whereas Stieber's study focuses on Haiti and Haitian print culture, Seligmann explores the pan-Caribbean impulses forged and resisted in a more narrowly defined historical moment and through a specific kind of print artifact, the literary magazine. Both books, encountered on their own, have much to offer scholars of American periodicals; read together, they invite participation in ongoing conversations about imperialism, nationalism, cultural sovereignty, and the inheritances of Enlightenment liberalism and literary aesthetics. One contribution both texts bring to this conversation is so obvious that it might be overlooked: the translation into English of French (and sometimes Kreyol) text in Haiti's Paper War and French and Spanish in Writing the Caribbean. For those of us not trained in Comparative Literature but who, nevertheless, feel the urgency of engaging with the Caribbean and, indeed, the wider Atlantic as "a heteroglossic space across which multiethnic crossings were possible" (Almeida, Reimagining the Transatlantic, 238) this is hugely beneficial. As Joselyn Almeida pointed out more than a decade ago, the "monolingual notion of the transatlantic" that encouraged [End Page 200] scholars to remain siloed in subfields of Anglophone, Francophone, or Hispanophone (post)colonial studies did not reflect the lived experience of those Caribbean subjects busy "writing the Caribbean" in the periodicals examined by Stieber and Seligmann ("London-Kingston-Caracas" para 3). As Stieber says of her method—of providing English translations in the body of the work, with original French texts in the endnotes—"though it may distract some," it allows for "substantive engagement with the original materials by both Anglophone and Francophone readers" (xi). Although Seligmann
《海地的纸媒战争:独立后的写作、内战和共和国的建立，1804-1954》。切尔西·斯蒂伯著。纽约:纽约大学出版社，2020。380页，精装版89美元，平装版30美元。在《时代杂志》上写加勒比海。卡特琳娜·冈萨雷斯·塞利格曼著。New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2021。216页，120美元(精装)，29.95美元(平装)，29.95美元(PDF)。从我作为一名早期加勒比海人的角度来看，帝国主义和民族主义的界限继续影响着加勒比海的印刷研究，最近出版的两本书说明了突破这些限制的回报和挑战。第一本是切尔西·斯蒂伯的《海地的纸媒战争:独立后的写作、内战和共和国的建立，1804-1954》，该书深入挖掘了这些档案，重新构建了关于19世纪海地纸媒文化的问题，以及它对更广泛的美国(后)殖民研究的影响。第二本是卡特琳娜·冈萨雷斯·塞利格曼的《在杂志时代写加勒比》，研究了20世纪40年代加勒比地区(准确地说是马提尼克岛、古巴和巴巴多斯岛)的文学杂志生产情况。斯蒂伯的研究集中在海地和海地的印刷文化上，而塞利格曼则通过一种特殊的印刷制品——文学杂志——探索了在一个更狭义的历史时刻形成和抵制的泛加勒比冲动。这两本书单独来看，对研究美国期刊的学者大有裨益;在一起阅读时，他们邀请人们参与有关帝国主义、民族主义、文化主权以及启蒙运动自由主义和文学美学遗产的持续对话。这两个文本对这次对话的一个贡献是如此明显，以至于可能被忽视:海地的纸面战争中的法语(有时是Kreyol)文本翻译成英语，以及写加勒比的法语和西班牙语文本。对于我们这些没有受过比较文学训练的人来说，尽管如此，他们还是觉得有必要把加勒比海，甚至更广阔的大西洋作为“一个跨种族的异质语言空间”(阿尔梅达，重新想象跨大西洋，238)，这是非常有益的。正如约瑟琳·阿尔梅达十多年前指出的那样，“跨大西洋的单语概念”鼓励学者们继续局限于英语、法语、或者西班牙语(后)殖民研究并没有反映出那些忙于在斯蒂伯和塞利格曼研究的期刊上“写加勒比”的加勒比人的生活经历(“伦敦-金斯顿-加拉加斯”第3段)。正如斯蒂伯所说，她的方法——在作品的正文中提供英语翻译，在尾注中提供原始的法语文本——“尽管它可能会分散一些人的注意力，”它允许“英语和法语读者对原始材料进行实质性的接触”(xi)。尽管塞利格曼没有提供正式的“翻译注释”，但在她的研究中，她也将原始法语和西班牙语的段落翻译成英语。给予英语国家的读者阅读他们的原始材料的机会，显然扩大了美国期刊研究的学术对话，同时也提醒了我们这种礼物中隐含的讽刺意味，这种建议可能被理解为这些书所颠覆的帝国主义基础的持久性。需要明确的是，这并不是对Stieber和Seligmann所做的翻译劳动的抱怨。事实上，这种努力使我能够在他们的原始材料和我更熟悉的英语文本之间建立联系，以强有力的方式扩大我与他们的接触，我怀疑这将是许多其他读者的经历。除了翻译工作，每本书对特定历史时刻及其对印刷文化的影响的探索也使读者能够并促使他们重新评估他们对加勒比和美国研究的看法。例如，海地的纸面战争一开始就挑战了我们大多数人(至少在北大西洋)接受海地历史的方式，它在当代美国想象中的存在表现为对新世界第一个黑人共和国的庆祝，1804年让-雅克·德萨林宣布成为一个独立的国家。然而，海地共和国并不是曾经是法国的自我解放的人民所进行的革命的保证结局，甚至也不是人们所希望的结局……
{"title":"(Re)Framing Caribbean Periodical Archives","authors":"Candace Ward","doi":"10.1353/amp.2023.a911657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/amp.2023.a911657","url":null,"abstract":"(Re)Framing Caribbean Periodical Archives Candace Ward (bio) Haiti's Paper War: Post-Independence Writing, Civil War, and the Making of the Republic, 1804–1954. By Chelsea Stieber. New York: New York University Press, 2020. 380 pp. $89 (hardcover), $30 (paperback). Writing the Caribbean in Magazine Time. By Katerina Gonzalez Seligmann. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2021. 216 pp. $120 (hardcover), $29.95 (paperback), $29.95 (PDF). From my perspective as an early Caribbeanist navigating the imperial and nationalistic boundaries that continue to shape Caribbean print studies, two recently published books illustrate the rewards and challenges of pushing against those limits. The first, Chelsea Stieber's Haiti's Paper War: Post-Independence Writing, Civil War, and the Making of the Republic, 1804–1954, digs deeply into the archive to reframe questions about Haitian print culture of the long nineteenth century and its implications for American (post)colonial studies more broadly. The second, Katerina Gonzalez Seligmann's Writing the Caribbean in Magazine Time, looks at literary magazine production in the Caribbean (Martinique, Cuba, and Barbados, to be precise) during the 1940s. Whereas Stieber's study focuses on Haiti and Haitian print culture, Seligmann explores the pan-Caribbean impulses forged and resisted in a more narrowly defined historical moment and through a specific kind of print artifact, the literary magazine. Both books, encountered on their own, have much to offer scholars of American periodicals; read together, they invite participation in ongoing conversations about imperialism, nationalism, cultural sovereignty, and the inheritances of Enlightenment liberalism and literary aesthetics. One contribution both texts bring to this conversation is so obvious that it might be overlooked: the translation into English of French (and sometimes Kreyol) text in Haiti's Paper War and French and Spanish in Writing the Caribbean. For those of us not trained in Comparative Literature but who, nevertheless, feel the urgency of engaging with the Caribbean and, indeed, the wider Atlantic as \"a heteroglossic space across which multiethnic crossings were possible\" (Almeida, Reimagining the Transatlantic, 238) this is hugely beneficial. As Joselyn Almeida pointed out more than a decade ago, the \"monolingual notion of the transatlantic\" that encouraged [End Page 200] scholars to remain siloed in subfields of Anglophone, Francophone, or Hispanophone (post)colonial studies did not reflect the lived experience of those Caribbean subjects busy \"writing the Caribbean\" in the periodicals examined by Stieber and Seligmann (\"London-Kingston-Caracas\" para 3). As Stieber says of her method—of providing English translations in the body of the work, with original French texts in the endnotes—\"though it may distract some,\" it allows for \"substantive engagement with the original materials by both Anglophone and Francophone readers\" (xi). Although Seligmann","PeriodicalId":41855,"journal":{"name":"American Periodicals","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135506623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/amp.2023.a911650
Editors' Note Sarah H. Salter The editors at American Periodicals are thrilled to share this fall's issue with readers. This special issue on Indigenous Periodicals is one result of ongoing and generative collaborations across scholars, colonial nations, and Indigenous Nations. Our guest editors' "Introduction" describes how the essays collected in this special issue were initially drawn from a series of panels and symposia in what is now called Pennsylvania (Philadelphia or Lënapehòkink, the ancestral homelands of the Lenape People) and Germany. Working with these editors and our own editorial community at American Periodicals, we have together endeavored to present a range of essays studying aspects of Indigenous Periodical cultures throughout parts of Turtle Island, now more commonly known as the United States. As their introductory essay explains so well, the guest editors of this issue see many opportunities in the turn to Indigenous Periodicals, which are "complex media artifacts whose relation to the construction of sovereignty is articulated through periodicity, network, mediator, and archive. . . . [They] have served as distinct material carriers of Indigenous information and visual-graphic spaces of communication, knowledge production, and community-building" (100). Certainly, we at American Periodicals believe our pages represent a welcoming space to explore and unfurl those artifacts and their meanings, even though our title remains complicit in the settler colonialist work of non-Tribal governance. Since the editorial collective at American Periodicals is not replete with experts in Native American and Indigenous Studies (NAIS), this special issue offered a chance to learn more—indeed, very much—about how our editorial work and publication context might be leveraged as responsible, respectful, and responsive to the ethical and historical considerations of publishing works by and about Indigenous Peoples in what is now the United States ("America"). Our Editorial Board includes Jacqueline Emery, who has long done recovery, analytical, and editorial work with the newspaper archives of Native Boarding Schools; many scholars have been consulted and many texts read. Throughout the process, we have been gratified and humbled at the chance to learn from and the chance to feature work on Indigenous print cultures that may benefit readers within and beyond the Native Nations and communities invoked herein. In 2005, Devon Mihesuah called for "intelligent, complete works" that can help "teachers at all . . . levels . . . [to] educat[e] their students about the diversity of Native America and the contributions Natives have made to this country and to the world."1 It is our hope that [End Page v] the essays in this special issue will be useful to pedagogical communities as well as research ones for these very purposes. You will see that each essay includes a note about language choices particular to the essay. NAIS is in particular a field where
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/amp.2023.a911658
Alex Beringer
Reviewed by: Authorizing Superhero Comics: On the Evolution of a Popular Serial Genre by Alex Beringer Alex Beringer (bio) Authorizing Superhero Comics: On the Evolution of a Popular Serial Genre. By Daniel Stein. The Ohio State University Press, 2021. 306 pp. $99.95 (hardcover), $34.95 (paperback), $34.95 (ebook). For fans of superhero comics, the lore surrounding the artists and writers behind favorite heroes sometimes echo the mythic quality of the stories themselves. Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster, teenagers who struggled to get girls and experienced anti-Semitism, invented Superman as a response to pain and tragedy. Harvard psychologist William Moulton Marston came up with Wonder Woman to sneak feminism into the reading habits of children of the 1940s. And Marvel heroes like Iron Man and the Hulk were created by failed novelist Stan Lieberman who reinvented himself as famed comics impresario "Stan Lee." These tales of superhero creators make for great stories in no small part because they resonate with the core superhero fantasy of an ordinary person acquiring extraordinary powers. Yet, for all its heroic appeal, this creator-centered model does not always make for especially nuanced scholarship given the complex factors that go into the authoring of figures like Superman, Wonder Woman, or the Hulk. Here is where Daniel Stein's new book Authorizing Superhero Comics comes in. For Stein, superheroes are collective creations, influenced not just by individual writers or artists, but by a web of actions and relationships. Stein contends that superheroes were not so much "created" by artists or savvy entrepreneurs, so much as they "evolved" amid a "convergence of economic interests, technological possibilities, and the availability of creator teams" (9–10). Stein thus asks readers to turn away from the conclusion that "Joe Shuster and Jerry Siegel invented Superman, that Bob Kane created Batman, that William Moulton Marston originated Wonder Woman, or that Jack Kirby innovated Captain America" and instead wants readers to consider how these popular characters were enabled by "dislocated actions" along the "actor-network" (9). As one might guess, Stein relies heavily on Bruno Latour's actor-network-theory for his methodology, deemphasizing the intentions of individual creators and instead focusing on secondary influences like fan letters, adaptations, editorial commentary and anthologizing practices. [End Page 211] Stein's shift to a collective authorship approach builds on a longstanding project in comics studies. Over the last decade or so, scholars have increasingly puzzled over how to make sense of the fact that many comics—superhero and otherwise—are shaped by their connection to mass audiences and market forces. In 2015, for example, Daniel Worden described a critical mass of scholarship that viewed comics as a form of "popular modernism" serving as a "bridge between the populist, working-class visions [of popular fiction] and the more rarefie
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/amp.2023.a911651
Cristina Stanciu, Oliver Scheiding, Jill Doerfler
ABSTRACT: From the nineteenth century to the present, Indigenous periodicals have served as mediators for both complex citational practices and decolonial translations, as well as an important archive documenting and representing Indigenous people and issues. This special issue of the journal American Periodicals brings together scholars working on Indigenous periodicals to provide a glimpse into the vast array of Indigenous periodical writing as continuous repositories of Indigenous knowledge. The contributions highlighted in this special issue, emerging from an MLA roundtable session and a symposium on Indigenous print cultures, show that Indigenous periodicals serve as distinct material carriers of Indigenous information and visual-graphic spaces of communication, knowledge production, and community-building. They are complex media artifacts whose relation to the construction of sovereignty is articulated through periodicity, network, mediator, and archive. As special issue editors, we seek to broaden existing understandings of Indigenous textualities and interpretative traditions by offering a fresh approach to analyzing periodicals and the role they play in the expansion of Indigenous print, while also highlighting Indigenous periodicals' ongoing political and cultural work of sharing diverse viewpoints, expressing identity, establishing and participating in traditions, and asserting sovereignty.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/amp.2023.a911656
Jewon Woo
Working Children in the History of American Periodicals Jewon Woo (bio) Cub Reporters: American Children's Literature and Journalism in the Golden Age. By Paige Gray. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2019. 132 pp. $28.95 (paperback). Crying the News: A History of America's Newsboys. By Vincent DiGirolamo. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019. 712 pp. $40.95 (hardcover). In histories of American periodicals, we rarely encounter stories about children who participated in newspaper production and management by working as newsies. Although we are familiar with the newsboy archetype from a range of popular culture representations, from Horatio Alger's Ragged Dick to the Tony Award-winning Broadway musical Newsies, newsies have not received enough scholarly attention. Perhaps this is the case because the majority of children working as newsies were born into the political and economic margins of American society, and also because their often temporary and replaceable labor was considered insufficiently impactful on the development of the newspaper. It is remarkable, then, that two recent studies shed light on them. Vincent DiGirolamo's Crying the News and Paige Gray's Cub Reporters demonstrate that children not only played an important role in the newspaper industry and journalism but also shaped the meaning of American childhood through their involvement in periodicals. Writing at the intersections of history, journalism, and children's literature, Gray, a literary critic, and DiGirolamo, a historian, reclaim these children's legitimate place in political, cultural, and economic history during a time when American periodicals were evolving quickly and expansively. DiGirolamo's Crying the News offers a comprehensive and compelling history of American newsboys from the rise of the penny press in the 1830s to the New Deal era of the 1930s. The appearance of the cheap daily press in the early nineteenth century not only signaled rising demand for mass-produced print commodities but created demand for contingent laborers in the field of print, including the children for whom paper-peddling became essential to their survival. As DiGirolamo [End Page 192] insists, even though we cannot estimate exactly how many children worked for the newspaper, "distributing newspapers was one of the first and most formative occupational experiences of America's youth" and newsboys formed "one of the nation's first urban youth subcultures" (3, 41). Unsurprisingly, we learn of famous leaders in various fields who sold newspapers in the street as children, including inventor Thomas Edison, President Grover Cleveland, writer Jack London, and columnist Walter Winchell. DiGirolamo quotes from their memoirs and biographies to offer first-hand accounts of former newsboys' experience. In addition to such testimonies, the author reveals the ubiquity of newsboys whose names were rarely recorded, finding their traces in literature, as well as posters, art, and photographs,
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/amp.2023.a911654
Alyssa A. Hunziker
ABSTRACT: The late nineteenth and early twentieth century saw the beginnings of US empire abroad and simultaneously the crystallization of the US assimilation era at home. While off-reservation Native American boarding schools like the Carlisle Indian Industrial School (1879–1918) developed national recognition, the US began to acquire overseas territories in Cuba, Hawai'i, Guam, the Philippines, and Puerto Rico. Students at schools like Carlisle produced white-edited, school-controlled periodicals like the Indian Helper , the Red Man and Helper , the Arrow , and the Carlisle Arrow . Reading Carlisle's periodicals, this essay traces the experiences of thirty-eight Carlisle students who enlisted in the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars and wrote about their experiences across the US's new empire. Although such periodicals have long been read as colonial documents, these newspapers, newsletters, and magazines nevertheless offer insights into Native students' writing and Native soldiers' voices at war, including their impressions of—and, sometimes, identification with—Filipinos, Puerto Ricans, and Native Hawaiians. Carlisle's administrators often used student-soldiers' reprinted letters to demonstrate successful assimilation which promised to transform Native peoples into patriotic US soldiers. These new "war correspondents" could then provide first-hand accounts of some of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars most famous battles. Although largely meant to legitimate assimilative education systems, reprinted letters by Native student-soldiers often detail their everyday lives at war, including interactions with other Indigenous and non-Indigenous communities overseas. This essay ultimately argues for more generous readings of Native voices in these otherwise heavily censored letters. Despite their framing in the periodicals as willing agents of US empire, these reprinted letters by Native students underscore how the US military was likewise a site of trans-Indigenous exchange that provided the material circumstances for connection and solidarity.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/amp.2023.a911655
Bethany Hughes
ABSTRACT: This article explores the Biskinik , a monthly newspaper produced by the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma and in continuous circulation since 1978. It draws together methodological and theoretical investments from Native American and Indigenous Studies and Performance Studies in order to demonstrate how tribal newspapers such as the Biskinik are active sites of nations performing themselves. They curate actions and enact a story in which the nation is central. Explicating how performance and performativity reveal the ongoing process of Indigenous sovereignty within periodical publication, the article focuses on a 2022 issue of the Biskinik . It argues that the Biskinik should be read as a curation of Choctaw performance and a performance of Choctaw-ness, and as such the newspaper enacts nationhood in a complex and continuous movement of connection.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1353/amp.2023.a911652
Rochelle Raineri Zuck
ABSTRACT: This essay explores how Indigenous editors such as Carlos Montezuma (Yavapai), Rev. Philip Gordon (Anishinaabe), and Gus, Theo, and Rev. Clement H. Beaulieu (Anishinaabe) created communities of practice that sought to use the press as a tool to advance what they believed to be the best interests of Indigenous peoples and define the role of the Indigenous editor in the early twentieth century. I first situate these editors and publishers within widening Indigenous periodical networks of the early twentieth century before moving on to discuss their editorial practices and collaborations. Ultimately, I argue that editors such as Montezuma, Gordon, and the Beaulieus sought to leverage Indigenous periodical networks to intervene in massmedia representations of Indigenous people and create spaces for intertribal dialogue that were not mediated by the BIA or white "friends of the Indian."
摘要:本文探讨了Carlos Montezuma (Yavapai)、Philip Gordon牧师(Anishinaabe)、Gus、Theo和Clement H. Beaulieu牧师(Anishinaabe)等土著编辑是如何创建实践社区的，他们试图利用媒体作为工具来推进他们所认为的土著人民的最大利益，并定义了20世纪初土著编辑的角色。在继续讨论他们的编辑实践和合作之前，我首先将这些编辑和出版商置于20世纪早期不断扩大的土著期刊网络中。最后，我认为像Montezuma, Gordon和Beaulieus这样的编辑试图利用土著期刊网络来干预土著人民的大众媒体表现，并为部落间对话创造空间，而不受BIA或白人“印第安人的朋友”的调解。
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