When human beings are targeted as a class with adverse consequences, whether personally or professionally, it amounts to the victimisation of that class. During the ongoing pandemic, every individual, every class, or even every state has suffered so much. One class that has tried to save us from the pandemic and yet have been the targets of violent attacks, stigmatisation, trauma, and even social exclusion, is that of health care workers. The paper examines the extent of their victimisation and the law or policies enacted to rescue them. The major conclusions are that the scarcity of the facilities and the uncertainties of the disease created anxiety amongst people, and they targeted nurses and also doctors and many of the attacks went violent. Not only were the health care workers victimised by the public, but they also had to suffer at the hands of the administration.
{"title":"Social and jurisprudential exploration of victimisation of health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Manjinder Gulyani","doi":"10.2298/tem2102177g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem2102177g","url":null,"abstract":"When human beings are targeted as a class with adverse consequences, whether personally or professionally, it amounts to the victimisation of that class. During the ongoing pandemic, every individual, every class, or even every state has suffered so much. One class that has tried to save us from the pandemic and yet have been the targets of violent attacks, stigmatisation, trauma, and even social exclusion, is that of health care workers. The paper examines the extent of their victimisation and the law or policies enacted to rescue them. The major conclusions are that the scarcity of the facilities and the uncertainties of the disease created anxiety amongst people, and they targeted nurses and also doctors and many of the attacks went violent. Not only were the health care workers victimised by the public, but they also had to suffer at the hands of the administration.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68853014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of this paper is a sociological gender-sensitive analysis of the use-value of space in public preschool institutions (PPI), starting from the level of Serbian society, through Belgrade and Belgrade municipalities, down to the level of individual kindergartens. The objective of the research is to design the space of PPI facilities, which would provide the families and mothers with control over public space, and thus meet one of the preconditions for positive structural change - gender equality. The following parameters are used as indicators of the use-value of DPU space: the position of the preschool system in Serbia, coverage of children in the preschool system and preschool institutions by type of ownership, coverage of DPU children, insufficiency of DPU social space in Belgrade, compliance of available space in DPU municipalities Cukarica and Vozdovac with valid norms). Data sources: institutional data research (survey research ?Spatial capacity of preschool institutions in Belgrade?, conducted at the Faculty of Geography, Department of Spatial Planning, on the subject of Social Development Planning, 2018-2019). The main results of this research confirm the presumed issue in this field, which causes the unequal gender power relations and various consequences which affect the position and quality of life of women-mothers and men. The preschool system in Serbia is in an unfavourable position due to the serious insufficiency of PPI facilities in Belgrade (out of a total of 124,846 preschool children, there is enough space for less than one half; the analysis of the existing PPI capacity shows that there are large differences in capacity at the municipal level, from about three quarters to about one quarter,) and at the level of Belgrade municipalities. The data available for the municipalities of Cukarica, Vozdovac, Palilula, Zemun, Zvezdara, and Novi Beograd show that the same problem exists there as well, which can be solved by accepting the proposals for the required capacity of public kindergartens, which are given in this paper. The insufficient PPI capacity in the municipalities of Cukarica and Vozdovac has been documented at the kindergarten level (a total of 55, 22 of which in the municipality of Cukarica, and 33 in the municipality of Vozdovac.
{"title":"Social space of preschool institutions as a factor of gender equality","authors":"Vesna Miletić-Stepanović","doi":"10.2298/tem2101099m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem2101099m","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this paper is a sociological gender-sensitive analysis of the use-value of space in public preschool institutions (PPI), starting from the level of Serbian society, through Belgrade and Belgrade municipalities, down to the level of individual kindergartens. The objective of the research is to design the space of PPI facilities, which would provide the families and mothers with control over public space, and thus meet one of the preconditions for positive structural change - gender equality. The following parameters are used as indicators of the use-value of DPU space: the position of the preschool system in Serbia, coverage of children in the preschool system and preschool institutions by type of ownership, coverage of DPU children, insufficiency of DPU social space in Belgrade, compliance of available space in DPU municipalities Cukarica and Vozdovac with valid norms). Data sources: institutional data research (survey research ?Spatial capacity of preschool institutions in Belgrade?, conducted at the Faculty of Geography, Department of Spatial Planning, on the subject of Social Development Planning, 2018-2019). The main results of this research confirm the presumed issue in this field, which causes the unequal gender power relations and various consequences which affect the position and quality of life of women-mothers and men. The preschool system in Serbia is in an unfavourable position due to the serious insufficiency of PPI facilities in Belgrade (out of a total of 124,846 preschool children, there is enough space for less than one half; the analysis of the existing PPI capacity shows that there are large differences in capacity at the municipal level, from about three quarters to about one quarter,) and at the level of Belgrade municipalities. The data available for the municipalities of Cukarica, Vozdovac, Palilula, Zemun, Zvezdara, and Novi Beograd show that the same problem exists there as well, which can be solved by accepting the proposals for the required capacity of public kindergartens, which are given in this paper. The insufficient PPI capacity in the municipalities of Cukarica and Vozdovac has been documented at the kindergarten level (a total of 55, 22 of which in the municipality of Cukarica, and 33 in the municipality of Vozdovac.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68852788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of the current study was to explore the relationships between Israeli gender role stereotypes, rape myths toward male and female victims, and social distance from sex crime victims and sex offenders, according to the observer?s sex and sexual orientation (gay men, lesbian women, and heterosexual men and women). The data was collected during the end of 2016 and included 401 Israeli participants. A multivariate analysis of variance, as well as series of Pearson analyses, were used to examine the differences between groups as well as to examine the correlations between research variables. Results broadly conformed to predictions, with men generally more negative than women. However, people with a same-sex orientation endorse more liberal gender role attitudes than heterosexuals. In addition, overall, participants expressed greater willingness to maintain social contacts with victims than with offenders. Nonetheless, only among heterosexuals significant negative correlations between rape myths and willingness to maintain social contacts with victims were found.
{"title":"The role of sexual orientation in differentiating between perceptions of rape myths, gender role stereotypes and social distance: The case of Israel","authors":"Mally Shechory-Bitton, L. Jaeger","doi":"10.2298/tem2001003s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem2001003s","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the current study was to explore the relationships between Israeli gender role stereotypes, rape myths toward male and female victims, and social distance from sex crime victims and sex offenders, according to the observer?s sex and sexual orientation (gay men, lesbian women, and heterosexual men and women). The data was collected during the end of 2016 and included 401 Israeli participants. A multivariate analysis of variance, as well as series of Pearson analyses, were used to examine the differences between groups as well as to examine the correlations between research variables. Results broadly conformed to predictions, with men generally more negative than women. However, people with a same-sex orientation endorse more liberal gender role attitudes than heterosexuals. In addition, overall, participants expressed greater willingness to maintain social contacts with victims than with offenders. Nonetheless, only among heterosexuals significant negative correlations between rape myths and willingness to maintain social contacts with victims were found.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68852224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper analyzes two types of ?rainbow families?, those in which same- sex people raise children, as well as those in which children (most often) or other members belong to the LGBT + category. The duality of the approach of this paper is based on the fact that ambient homophobia affects not only one LGBT + person and not only one type of rainbow families but is a source of a whole range of challenges typical for all such families. The activist orientation that functions both regionally and in Serbia uses the term ?rainbow family? to refer to the family situation of broadly understood target families where any member belongs to the LGBT + group. The subject of this paper is the specifics of the challenges and perspectives of both types of ?rainbow families? whose social situation is most often characterized by victimization by violence, discrimination, rejection, stigmatization, marginalization and coping with a range of daily denials and violations of human rights. Special attention is paid to the situation of LGBT + children as the weakest and potentially the most exposed to the challenges. The paper aims to identify strategies and successful empowerment experiences and ways of (self) protecting ?rainbow families? in addition to addressing existing challenges. As a methodology, the paper contains the most recent violence case studies, data and expertise, as well as relevant domestic, regional and international analysis and activities related to the functioning of rainbow families.
{"title":"Challenges and perspectives of “rainbow families” in Serbia","authors":"Zorica Mrsevic","doi":"10.2298/tem2001057m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem2001057m","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes two types of ?rainbow families?, those in which same- sex people raise children, as well as those in which children (most often) or other members belong to the LGBT + category. The duality of the approach of this paper is based on the fact that ambient homophobia affects not only one LGBT + person and not only one type of rainbow families but is a source of a whole range of challenges typical for all such families. The activist orientation that functions both regionally and in Serbia uses the term ?rainbow family? to refer to the family situation of broadly understood target families where any member belongs to the LGBT + group. The subject of this paper is the specifics of the challenges and perspectives of both types of ?rainbow families? whose social situation is most often characterized by victimization by violence, discrimination, rejection, stigmatization, marginalization and coping with a range of daily denials and violations of human rights. Special attention is paid to the situation of LGBT + children as the weakest and potentially the most exposed to the challenges. The paper aims to identify strategies and successful empowerment experiences and ways of (self) protecting ?rainbow families? in addition to addressing existing challenges. As a methodology, the paper contains the most recent violence case studies, data and expertise, as well as relevant domestic, regional and international analysis and activities related to the functioning of rainbow families.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"23 1","pages":"57-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68852690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01Epub Date: 2020-11-13DOI: 10.1007/s12467-020-0606-1
Erik Serné
{"title":"ADDRM vindt voor het eerst online plaats.","authors":"Erik Serné","doi":"10.1007/s12467-020-0606-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12467-020-0606-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"11 1","pages":"5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7645893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90827377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
All forms of corruption are harmful for the society. However, corruption in the healthcare is a particular legal and social problem, given the importance of each individual? s health for the quality of life. The subject of this paper is a critical analysis of the provision of Art. 234 of the Health Care Act. According to this provision, a health worker and a health associate who performs a healthcare activity in a public healthcare institution, a member of professional and other bodies of a public healthcare institution, as well as members of their immediate families, may not seek nor receive any money, gift, service or any other benefit for themselves, their immediate family members or natural and legal persons who may reasonably be considered as interest- related and which may affect the impartiality or professional performance of their duties, that is, which may be considered a reward in connection with the performance of duties and the exercise of healthcare. Exceptionally, gratitude in the form of gifts, advertising materials or samples, of lesser value, that is not expressed in money, and which individual value does not exceed 5%, and the total value does not exceed the amount of an average monthly salary without taxes and contributions in the Republic of Serbia should not be considered as corruption, conflict of interest or private interest. This poses a question whether such provision legalizes corruption in the healthcare system? As far as the Health Care Act was adopted in 2019 and it is not possible to analyze its practical application, it is quite justified to point out to the social danger of such legal solution and its relationship with the provisions of the criminal legislation, which is the aim of this paper. Corruption in healthcare leads to very harmful and dangerous consequences for the victim. The victim of this unlawful behaviour is a patient, who is often dependent on the help of a corrupt doctor, and the question arises of the possibility of exercising the patient?s right to adequate healthcare. In this way, a solid basis can be created for future victimological research in this area
{"title":"New legal status of patients’ gratitude to medical workers","authors":"Filip Mirić","doi":"10.2298/tem2001125m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem2001125m","url":null,"abstract":"All forms of corruption are harmful for the society. However, corruption in the healthcare is a particular legal and social problem, given the importance of each individual? s health for the quality of life. The subject of this paper is a critical analysis of the provision of Art. 234 of the Health Care Act. According to this provision, a health worker and a health associate who performs a healthcare activity in a public healthcare institution, a member of professional and other bodies of a public healthcare institution, as well as members of their immediate families, may not seek nor receive any money, gift, service or any other benefit for themselves, their immediate family members or natural and legal persons who may reasonably be considered as interest- related and which may affect the impartiality or professional performance of their duties, that is, which may be considered a reward in connection with the performance of duties and the exercise of healthcare. Exceptionally, gratitude in the form of gifts, advertising materials or samples, of lesser value, that is not expressed in money, and which individual value does not exceed 5%, and the total value does not exceed the amount of an average monthly salary without taxes and contributions in the Republic of Serbia should not be considered as corruption, conflict of interest or private interest. This poses a question whether such provision legalizes corruption in the healthcare system? As far as the Health Care Act was adopted in 2019 and it is not possible to analyze its practical application, it is quite justified to point out to the social danger of such legal solution and its relationship with the provisions of the criminal legislation, which is the aim of this paper. Corruption in healthcare leads to very harmful and dangerous consequences for the victim. The victim of this unlawful behaviour is a patient, who is often dependent on the help of a corrupt doctor, and the question arises of the possibility of exercising the patient?s right to adequate healthcare. In this way, a solid basis can be created for future victimological research in this area","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"23 1","pages":"125-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68852368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of the research presented in this paper is focused on the assessments of experts in social welfare centres on the consequences, security risks and recovery needs of children witnesses of violence in parental partnerships, which were submitted to the court in the proceedings for protection from domestic violence associated with the proceedings in a marital dispute, in which the court decides on the exercise of parental rights. The aim is to describe the characteristics of professional assessments and opinions and to map the present problems and point out possible improvements, in accordance with the principle of safety/security of victims and the standard of best interests of the child. In processing this complex topic, thematic analysis was used, as a qualitative descriptive technique. The sample consisted of two groups of reports on the findings and opinion of the social welfare centres, in 62 cases completed in 2010/2011, and 15 cases completed in 2019/2020. The legal and by-law changes related to the subject of the research were expected to produce a positive effect on the content and quality of expert assessments in the second, later sample. The conducted analysis indicated an unsystematic approach and the absence of relevant data, which is also present in the reports from the later period. A positive change was observed regarding the assessment of security risks, but it was insufficiently integrated with the proposals for entrusting custody and determining the model of contact between children and the violent parent. Although it is acknowledged in public documents that children are also victims of violence when witnessing it and that the safety of the victim is the organizing general principle of protection from domestic violence, assessment methods are insufficiently operationalized and the understanding of the difference between partner conflict and violence/abuse of the woman is inadequate. Decisions on children?s contact with the violent parent remain inconsistent with protection measures against domestic violence, and when they are not respected, there are no or rare guardianship authorities? proposals to ban contact, even when the consequences for children and their relationship with mothers are obvious. Therefore, it would be important to supplement and refine the guidelines in existing treatment protocols, develop and harmonize specific expert guidance for these assessments, specialize knowledge and increase the experts? capacity and resources, develop specific and available services, in line with relevant standards. An increased number of researches on various aspects of professional practice in this sphere would also be important for progress in the field.
{"title":"Assessments of the social welfare centers on the consequences, security risks and recovery needs of children witnesses of violence in parental relationships","authors":"Tanja Ignjatović","doi":"10.2298/TEM2003307I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/TEM2003307I","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the research presented in this paper is focused on the assessments of experts in social welfare centres on the consequences, security risks and recovery needs of children witnesses of violence in parental partnerships, which were submitted to the court in the proceedings for protection from domestic violence associated with the proceedings in a marital dispute, in which the court decides on the exercise of parental rights. The aim is to describe the characteristics of professional assessments and opinions and to map the present problems and point out possible improvements, in accordance with the principle of safety/security of victims and the standard of best interests of the child. In processing this complex topic, thematic analysis was used, as a qualitative descriptive technique. The sample consisted of two groups of reports on the findings and opinion of the social welfare centres, in 62 cases completed in 2010/2011, and 15 cases completed in 2019/2020. The legal and by-law changes related to the subject of the research were expected to produce a positive effect on the content and quality of expert assessments in the second, later sample. The conducted analysis indicated an unsystematic approach and the absence of relevant data, which is also present in the reports from the later period. A positive change was observed regarding the assessment of security risks, but it was insufficiently integrated with the proposals for entrusting custody and determining the model of contact between children and the violent parent. Although it is acknowledged in public documents that children are also victims of violence when witnessing it and that the safety of the victim is the organizing general principle of protection from domestic violence, assessment methods are insufficiently operationalized and the understanding of the difference between partner conflict and violence/abuse of the woman is inadequate. Decisions on children?s contact with the violent parent remain inconsistent with protection measures against domestic violence, and when they are not respected, there are no or rare guardianship authorities? proposals to ban contact, even when the consequences for children and their relationship with mothers are obvious. Therefore, it would be important to supplement and refine the guidelines in existing treatment protocols, develop and harmonize specific expert guidance for these assessments, specialize knowledge and increase the experts? capacity and resources, develop specific and available services, in line with relevant standards. An increased number of researches on various aspects of professional practice in this sphere would also be important for progress in the field.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"23 1","pages":"307-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68852700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Violent victimization of LGBT people is mostly focused on hate crime although the scope of their possible (and real) victimization is much broader. Since the scientific literature on this topic is dominantly from North America, the aim of this paper is an overview of European knowledge, policies and practices. Three questions are posed in the paper: 1) what are the European insights into the incidence of violent victimization of LGBT people, 2) how does European scientific interest into this topic look like, and 3) do European policies and practices serve as an adequate response to the violent victimization of LGBT people. The incidence of violent victimization of LGBT people ranges from 10% to 32%, with threats of physical violence being the main form. Victims report their victimization within the range of 17% to 22% of cases. The interest of European scientists in this problem is scarce and partial. Violent victimization of LGBT people is dominantly conceptualized in European policies and strategies through the constructs of discrimination and hate crime.
{"title":"LGBT victims of violence: An overview of European knowledge, policies and practices","authors":"Irma Kovco-Vukadin","doi":"10.2298/tem2001027k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem2001027k","url":null,"abstract":"Violent victimization of LGBT people is mostly focused on hate crime although the scope of their possible (and real) victimization is much broader. Since the scientific literature on this topic is dominantly from North America, the aim of this paper is an overview of European knowledge, policies and practices. Three questions are posed in the paper: 1) what are the European insights into the incidence of violent victimization of LGBT people, 2) how does European scientific interest into this topic look like, and 3) do European policies and practices serve as an adequate response to the violent victimization of LGBT people. The incidence of violent victimization of LGBT people ranges from 10% to 32%, with threats of physical violence being the main form. Victims report their victimization within the range of 17% to 22% of cases. The interest of European scientists in this problem is scarce and partial. Violent victimization of LGBT people is dominantly conceptualized in European policies and strategies through the constructs of discrimination and hate crime.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"23 1","pages":"27-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68851809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
People with intellectual disability and co-morbid serious mental illness are sometimes involved as perpetrators of an offence and suffer exploitation in the criminal justice system. Understanding the link between mental illness and crime and the experience of an accused deserves attention because it may be essential in the administration of justice. The subject of this paper is the experience of a 17-year-old boy, suffering from both intellectual disability and schizophrenia, who was accused of theft and charged to court. The aim is to show how psychiatric services can be helpful in the disposal of court sentences for a minor. The relationship between his mental illness (with a focus on intellectual disability) and crime, and potential victimization in the criminal justice system is discussed. We advocate for awareness on the part of the legal system in the protection of people with intellectual disability from being victimized and recommend the need for psychiatric service to educate the court on the stringent application of the insanity rule.
{"title":"Psychiatric defence of a Nigerian minor with intellectual disability and co-morbid mental illness: An exploration into legal grounds","authors":"O. Akanni, N. Igbinomwanhia","doi":"10.2298/tem2002229a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem2002229a","url":null,"abstract":"People with intellectual disability and co-morbid serious mental illness are sometimes involved as perpetrators of an offence and suffer exploitation in the criminal justice system. Understanding the link between mental illness and crime and the experience of an accused deserves attention because it may be essential in the administration of justice. The subject of this paper is the experience of a 17-year-old boy, suffering from both intellectual disability and schizophrenia, who was accused of theft and charged to court. The aim is to show how psychiatric services can be helpful in the disposal of court sentences for a minor. The relationship between his mental illness (with a focus on intellectual disability) and crime, and potential victimization in the criminal justice system is discussed. We advocate for awareness on the part of the legal system in the protection of people with intellectual disability from being victimized and recommend the need for psychiatric service to educate the court on the stringent application of the insanity rule.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68852557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Legal and institutional framework of the system of support to victims of criminal offences as well as the significance of the Directive 2012/29/EU and its implementation in the legislation of the Republic of Croatia are elaborated in this paper. In addition, certain difficulties related to the victim support system in practice are identified. A new model of service provision to victims and witnesses of criminal offences through founding and active work of The Network of Support and Co-operation for Victims and Witnesses of Criminal Offences and its results after two years of work are presented. The role and importance of civil society organizations in this field are emphasized. The conclusion declares establishment of more quality system of assistance and support for victims and witnesses of criminal offences. A part of the system is supported institutionally through the activities within the Ministry of Justice and specially established departments within the courts. A part of support is ensured noninstitutionally through the work of The Network of Support and Co-operation for Victims and Witnesses of Criminal Offences. It is exactly that involvement of motivated, educated and dedicated civil society organizations turned out as a key factor in establishing the efficient system. We will be able to state that certain milestones are achieved after: 1) further development of the system as a whole which refers to amending and implementing the existing legislative framework, 2) establishing a larger number of departments within courts, 3) spreading the Network? s services to all counties in Croatia, and 4) strengthening capacity of organizations that are service providers. The key is to ensure the financial means for the Network? s activities, strengthening networking of all stakeholders and introducing systemical control of service provision quality for victims and witnesses on all levels.
{"title":"Advancement of the assistance and support system for victims and witnesses of criminal offences – the role of civil society organizations in Croatia","authors":"Anamaria Drozdjan-Kranjcec, M. Mamula","doi":"10.2298/tem2001107d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem2001107d","url":null,"abstract":"Legal and institutional framework of the system of support to victims of criminal offences as well as the significance of the Directive 2012/29/EU and its implementation in the legislation of the Republic of Croatia are elaborated in this paper. In addition, certain difficulties related to the victim support system in practice are identified. A new model of service provision to victims and witnesses of criminal offences through founding and active work of The Network of Support and Co-operation for Victims and Witnesses of Criminal Offences and its results after two years of work are presented. The role and importance of civil society organizations in this field are emphasized. The conclusion declares establishment of more quality system of assistance and support for victims and witnesses of criminal offences. A part of the system is supported institutionally through the activities within the Ministry of Justice and specially established departments within the courts. A part of support is ensured noninstitutionally through the work of The Network of Support and Co-operation for Victims and Witnesses of Criminal Offences. It is exactly that involvement of motivated, educated and dedicated civil society organizations turned out as a key factor in establishing the efficient system. We will be able to state that certain milestones are achieved after: 1) further development of the system as a whole which refers to amending and implementing the existing legislative framework, 2) establishing a larger number of departments within courts, 3) spreading the Network? s services to all counties in Croatia, and 4) strengthening capacity of organizations that are service providers. The key is to ensure the financial means for the Network? s activities, strengthening networking of all stakeholders and introducing systemical control of service provision quality for victims and witnesses on all levels.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"23 1","pages":"107-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68852312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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