This short paper presents an informal, personal view of factors that may help or prevent women to embrace careers in computing. Based on the author’s professional and personal experience, it mixes facts with conjectures on how we may work towards a more genderdiverse future, with the help of scientific societies.
{"title":"Engaging Women in Computer Science - Past, Present and Future","authors":"C. B. Medeiros","doi":"10.19153/cleiej.22.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19153/cleiej.22.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"This short paper presents an informal, personal view of factors that may help or prevent women to embrace careers in computing. Based on the author’s professional and personal experience, it mixes facts with conjectures on how we may work towards a more genderdiverse future, with the help of scientific societies.","PeriodicalId":418941,"journal":{"name":"CLEI Electron. J.","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128477477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marta Eunice Calderón Campos, Gabriela Marín, Gustavo López Herrera
The career evolution of computing professionals has been studied very little, especially in Latin America. In a previous study (LAWWCC 2016) we reported results of an exploratory study that aimed to characterize the professional development model of people that studied Computer Sciences in Costa Rica. It reflects the roles and the industrial sectors with which they began their professional career and in which they report are currently working. No important gender differences were depicted in it amongst men and women, since they report similar choices regarding their professional evolution. As a result, some valid concerns were raised regarding the question: do these results represent the female (and male) behavior in all professional career stages? In this study, results, obtained from an online survey responded by 611 professionals in Computer Sciences, are now shown by generations. Professionals are grouped in four generational categories: Baby Boomers, Generation X, Young and Mature Millennials. The main finding is that the professional evolution, with respect to the role and sector in which they perform, revels different behaviors for professionals of different generations. It also reflects that male career evolution shows more role and industry changes than that of female professionals.
{"title":"Generational Professional Career Evolution of Professionals in Computer Science in Costa Rica","authors":"Marta Eunice Calderón Campos, Gabriela Marín, Gustavo López Herrera","doi":"10.19153/cleiej.22.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19153/cleiej.22.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The career evolution of computing professionals has been studied very little, especially in Latin America. In a previous study (LAWWCC 2016) we reported results of an exploratory study that aimed to characterize the professional development model of people that studied Computer Sciences in Costa Rica. It reflects the roles and the industrial sectors with which they began their professional career and in which they report are currently working. No important gender differences were depicted in it amongst men and women, since they report similar choices regarding their professional evolution. As a result, some valid concerns were raised regarding the question: do these results represent the female (and male) behavior in all professional career stages? In this study, results, obtained from an online survey responded by 611 professionals in Computer Sciences, are now shown by generations. Professionals are grouped in four generational categories: Baby Boomers, Generation X, Young and Mature Millennials. The main finding is that the professional evolution, with respect to the role and sector in which they perform, revels different behaviors for professionals of different generations. It also reflects that male career evolution shows more role and industry changes than that of female professionals.","PeriodicalId":418941,"journal":{"name":"CLEI Electron. J.","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122518233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents an analysis about the number of incoming and graduate students, considering women and men, at the Department of Informatics (DIN) at State University of Maringá (UEM), in Brazil. The data were collected considering three graduate courses, Data Processing Technology (extinct in 1997), Computer Science and Informatics. The results show that the number of women is dropping drastically from the late 1990s. In Computer Science, from 1994 to 2016, of the 622 graduate students, 127 were women. In Informatics, from 2000 to 2016, only 38 women had graduated, of the 275 students. In 2017, there were 211 students enrolled in Computer Science, and 208 in Informatics. On average, 8.11% were women (34), being 8.65% in Informatics (18), and 7.58% in Computer Science (16). These percentages are lower than the national one in Brazil, which is 14.19%.
{"title":"An Analysis of the participation of women in Information and Communication Technology courses at State University of Maringá (UEM)","authors":"L. A. F. Martimiano, V. D. Feltrim","doi":"10.19153/cleiej.22.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19153/cleiej.22.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an analysis about the number of incoming and graduate students, considering women and men, at the Department of Informatics (DIN) at State University of Maringá (UEM), in Brazil. The data were collected considering three graduate courses, Data Processing Technology (extinct in 1997), Computer Science and Informatics. The results show that the number of women is dropping drastically from the late 1990s. In Computer Science, from 1994 to 2016, of the 622 graduate students, 127 were women. In Informatics, from 2000 to 2016, only 38 women had graduated, of the 275 students. In 2017, there were 211 students enrolled in Computer Science, and 208 in Informatics. On average, 8.11% were women (34), being 8.65% in Informatics (18), and 7.58% in Computer Science (16). These percentages are lower than the national one in Brazil, which is 14.19%.","PeriodicalId":418941,"journal":{"name":"CLEI Electron. J.","volume":"302 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124318167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paula Casagrande Bristot, Eliane Pozzebon, Felipe Zago Canal, Julio Augusto Da Rosa Carraro, L. Frigo
Women fighting for space respect and equality is a frequent habit on social ambit. In games context it is not different, recognition as a potential public and representation demand in games are goals to be achieved. This article intends to discuss witch factors leads to these consequences of representability and recognition lacks. Through literature, it was possible to present some possible causes, such as gender differences establishment that leads to a market segmentation by industry. By showing some games characters, it was possible to demonstrate some stereotypes impregnated to the female figure and how much it's reflex leads to the mentioned lacks in the game, as well as it affects the female public. On the other side, it was possible to present some out-of-stand character, confirming that it is possible to have diversity and representativity in games.
{"title":"Women Representativity in Games","authors":"Paula Casagrande Bristot, Eliane Pozzebon, Felipe Zago Canal, Julio Augusto Da Rosa Carraro, L. Frigo","doi":"10.19153/cleiej.22.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19153/cleiej.22.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Women fighting for space respect and equality is a frequent habit on social ambit. In games context it is not different, recognition as a potential public and representation demand in games are goals to be achieved. This article intends to discuss witch factors leads to these consequences of representability and recognition lacks. Through literature, it was possible to present some possible causes, such as gender differences establishment that leads to a market segmentation by industry. By showing some games characters, it was possible to demonstrate some stereotypes impregnated to the female figure and how much it's reflex leads to the mentioned lacks in the game, as well as it affects the female public. On the other side, it was possible to present some out-of-stand character, confirming that it is possible to have diversity and representativity in games.","PeriodicalId":418941,"journal":{"name":"CLEI Electron. J.","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131453348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meirylane Rosa Emidio Avelino, Luciana Salgado, Karina Mochetti, R. Bravo, C. Leitão
The difficulty of including women in a male-dominated environment is a growing problem over time, involving many factors such as the role of women in society. In the Information Technology context, there has been a growing concern in the industry and groups are being created with the main purpose of studying this problem and trying to reverse it. This work investigated what motivated the undergraduate students in Computer Science and Information Systems of the Universidade Federal Fluminense (Niteroi, Brazil) to choose this area and how they are experiencing the first two years of college. This research was conducted with a qualitative methodology, trying to understand the main fears, difficulties or facilities they faced before (and in the process of) choosing Technology courses. Our findings can be used to develop specific activities in the context of projects created to attract more girls to technology courses and to support undergraduate students in Computer Science Department courses. The main results indicate that there is still some uncertainty about the profession and many of them have difficulties to follow the initial content of the courses.
{"title":"Factors Afecting Female Students Motivation Related to Enrollment and Retention in Information Technology Courses","authors":"Meirylane Rosa Emidio Avelino, Luciana Salgado, Karina Mochetti, R. Bravo, C. Leitão","doi":"10.19153/cleiej.22.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19153/cleiej.22.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The difficulty of including women in a male-dominated environment is a growing problem over time, involving many factors such as the role of women in society. In the Information Technology context, there has been a growing concern in the industry and groups are being created with the main purpose of studying this problem and trying to reverse it. This work investigated what motivated the undergraduate students in Computer Science and Information Systems of the Universidade Federal Fluminense (Niteroi, Brazil) to choose this area and how they are experiencing the first two years of college. This research was conducted with a qualitative methodology, trying to understand the main fears, difficulties or facilities they faced before (and in the process of) choosing Technology courses. Our findings can be used to develop specific activities in the context of projects created to attract more girls to technology courses and to support undergraduate students in Computer Science Department courses. The main results indicate that there is still some uncertainty about the profession and many of them have difficulties to follow the initial content of the courses.","PeriodicalId":418941,"journal":{"name":"CLEI Electron. J.","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133177754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Delgado, Aiala Rosá, Lorena Etcheverry, Raquel Sosa, M. Marzoa, Ewelina Bakala, Claudina Rattaro, Isabel Briozzo
The gender gap between man and women participation in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) is regrettably universal, and generally unacceptably broad. In addition, this gap is particularly noticeable in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering (EECS) careers. Several international organizations and universities in North America, Europe and Latin America have designed programs to address this important problem, showing varying degrees of success. In many of these programs the idea is to work with high school girls, seeking to bring them key knowledge of the disciplines of STEM and encourage them to choose careers in the area. Among other activities, these programs offer presentations, talks, or short courses in a given period at the university itself, taught by women teachers in the area applying the role model approach. This article presents the experience of the Facultad de Ingenier ??a (School of Engineering) of the Universidad de la Rep ?ublica, Uruguay, on the occasion of the Girls in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) day. In particular, workshops for robotics, circuits and maps making were held for high school girls as a way to promote ICT careers in Uruguay.
{"title":"Encouraging girls involvement in Information andCommunication Technologies careers in Uruguay","authors":"Andrea Delgado, Aiala Rosá, Lorena Etcheverry, Raquel Sosa, M. Marzoa, Ewelina Bakala, Claudina Rattaro, Isabel Briozzo","doi":"10.19153/cleiej.22.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19153/cleiej.22.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The gender gap between man and women participation in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) is regrettably universal, and generally unacceptably broad. In addition, this gap is particularly noticeable in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering (EECS) careers. Several international organizations and universities in North America, Europe and Latin America have designed programs to address this important problem, showing varying degrees of success. In many of these programs the idea is to work with high school girls, seeking to bring them key knowledge of the disciplines of STEM and encourage them to choose careers in the area. Among other activities, these programs offer presentations, talks, or short courses in a given period at the university itself, taught by women teachers in the area applying the role model approach. This article presents the experience of the Facultad de Ingenier ??a (School of \u0000Engineering) of the Universidad de la Rep ?ublica, Uruguay, on the occasion of the Girls in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) day. In particular, workshops for robotics, circuits and maps making were held for high school girls as a way to promote ICT careers in Uruguay.","PeriodicalId":418941,"journal":{"name":"CLEI Electron. J.","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126711074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Holanda, R. Mourão, G. N. Ramos, Aleteia P. F. Araujo, M. E. Walter, Vinicius R. P. Borges, G. V. Borries
The field of Computer Science has been of little interest for girls straight out of high school, when considering undergraduate majors in Brazil. At the University of Bras ??lia’s Department of Computer Science, female students compose less than 10% of the student body. In an effort to understand the girls’ lack of interest in computer related courses, we applied an anonymous questionnaire, from 2011 to 2014, regarding their perceptions of the field. The participants were 3707 females students who completed an anonymous questionnaire. We applied Association Rules in Data Mining and Principal Component Analysis to analyze these responses . The knowledge gained through this study could guide future research on the matter and guidelines for motivating girls to pursue careers in Computer Science.
{"title":"The Brazilian School Girls' Perspectives on a Computer Science Major","authors":"M. Holanda, R. Mourão, G. N. Ramos, Aleteia P. F. Araujo, M. E. Walter, Vinicius R. P. Borges, G. V. Borries","doi":"10.19153/cleiej.22.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19153/cleiej.22.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The field of Computer Science has been of little interest for girls straight out of high school, when considering undergraduate majors in Brazil. At the University of Bras ??lia’s Department of Computer Science, female students compose less than 10% of the student body. In an effort to understand the girls’ lack of interest in computer related courses, we applied an anonymous questionnaire, from 2011 to 2014, regarding their perceptions of the field. The participants were 3707 females students who completed an anonymous questionnaire. We applied Association Rules in Data Mining and Principal Component Analysis to analyze these responses . The knowledge gained through this study could guide future research on the matter and guidelines for motivating girls to pursue careers in Computer Science. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":418941,"journal":{"name":"CLEI Electron. J.","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131713274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Lobo, Karen da Silva Figueiredo, Cristiano Maciel
Considering black women in Brazil as a research subject involves new challenges about topics that are increasingly complex. In this sense, pertinent questions arise in seeking to comprehend contemporary phenomena and, consequently, leave room for disputable formulations, especially in areas of which science and technology have little understanding. This article offers a bibliographical essay that aims to begin the path to include black women in computing and technology, in a social background of sexism and racial segregation. Furthermore, it presents a summary of the resistance strategies used in black women’s course in this area by analyzing the elements of black identity strengthened by these initiatives in Brazil and abroad.
{"title":"Black Women in Computing and Technology: Identity affirmation and Resistance","authors":"M. Lobo, Karen da Silva Figueiredo, Cristiano Maciel","doi":"10.19153/cleiej.22.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19153/cleiej.22.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Considering black women in Brazil as a research subject involves new challenges about topics that are increasingly complex. In this sense, pertinent questions arise in seeking to comprehend contemporary phenomena and, consequently, leave room for disputable formulations, especially in areas of which science and technology have little understanding. This article offers a bibliographical essay that aims to begin the path to include black women in computing and technology, in a social background of sexism and racial segregation. Furthermore, it presents a summary of the resistance strategies used in black women’s course in this area by analyzing the elements of black identity strengthened by these initiatives in Brazil and abroad.","PeriodicalId":418941,"journal":{"name":"CLEI Electron. J.","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115878200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Simão, Valéria Farinazzo Martins Salvador, H. Cancela
We are proud to introduce the special issue with extended versions of selected papers presented in the 43rd Latin American Conference in Informatics (CLEI 2018).
{"title":"Preface to the CLEI 2018 Special Issue","authors":"A. Simão, Valéria Farinazzo Martins Salvador, H. Cancela","doi":"10.19153/cleiej.22.3.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19153/cleiej.22.3.0","url":null,"abstract":"We are proud to introduce the special issue with extended versions of selected papers presented in the 43rd Latin American Conference in Informatics (CLEI 2018).","PeriodicalId":418941,"journal":{"name":"CLEI Electron. J.","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129908602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sousa, Ronaldo de Castro Del-Fiaco, Lilian Berton
Homicide is recognized as one of the most violent types of crime. In some countries, it is a hard problem to tackle because of its high occurrence and the lack of research on it. In Brazil, this problem is even harder, since this country is responsible for about 10% of the homicides in the world. Some Brazilian states suffer from the rise of homicide rates, like the state of Goi´as, in which its homicide rate increased from 24.5 per 100,000 in 2002 to 42.6 per 100,000 in 2014, becoming one of the five most violent states of Brazil, despite of having few population. This paper aims at applying clustering algorithms and feature selection models on criminal data concerning homicides and socio-economic variables in the state of Goi´as. We employed three clustering algorithms: K-means, Densitybased, and Hierarchical; as well as two feature selection models: Univariate Selection and Feature Importance. Our results indicate that homicide rates are more recurrent in large urban centers, although these cities have the best socio-economic indicators. Population and the educational level of the adult population were the variables which most influenced the results. K-means clustering brought the optimum outcomes, and Univariate Selection better selected attributes of the database.
{"title":"Feature Selection for Clustering of Homicide Rates in the Brazilian State of Goias","authors":"S. Sousa, Ronaldo de Castro Del-Fiaco, Lilian Berton","doi":"10.19153/cleiej.22.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19153/cleiej.22.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Homicide is recognized as one of the most violent types of crime. In some countries, it is a hard problem to tackle because of its high occurrence and the lack of research on it. In Brazil, this problem is even harder, since this country is responsible for about 10% of the homicides in the world. Some Brazilian states suffer from the rise of homicide rates, like the state of Goi´as, in which its homicide rate increased from 24.5 per 100,000 in 2002 to 42.6 per 100,000 in 2014, becoming one of the five most violent states of Brazil, despite of having few population. This paper aims at applying clustering algorithms and feature selection models on criminal data concerning homicides and socio-economic variables in the state of Goi´as. We employed three clustering algorithms: K-means, Densitybased, and Hierarchical; as well as two feature selection models: Univariate Selection and Feature Importance. Our results indicate that homicide rates are more recurrent in large urban centers, although these cities have the best socio-economic indicators. Population and the educational level of the adult population were the variables which most influenced the results. K-means clustering brought the optimum outcomes, and Univariate Selection better selected attributes of the database.","PeriodicalId":418941,"journal":{"name":"CLEI Electron. J.","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122627195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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