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Influence Of Different Data Sources And Methods On The Estimation Of Areal Reduction Factors: Case Study In The Western Cape Province, South Africa 不同数据来源和方法对面积缩减因子估算的影响:南非西开普省案例研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.47588/jngs.2024.22.01.a1
J. Pietersen, O. Gericke, J.C. Smithers
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引用次数: 0
Technology, Time And Communication: Exploring Postgraduate Students' Experiences Of Online Supervision During The Pandemic 技术、时间和交流:探索研究生在大流行病期间接受在线指导的经历
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.47588/jngs.2023.21.01.a12
N. Tshuma, N. Pallitt
Doctoral supervision is both a rewarding and challenging experience for supervisors and doctoral students, while effective supervision and research practice is of crucial importance for the developmental process and both students’ and supervisors’ careers. Although several challenges in the research journey are strictly research-focused, supervision is a human activity where intersectional aspects influence actions and activities. Power dynamics are involved in supervisor and research student interactions, many of which link affective with intellectual domains, and many are based on differences, of gender, age, race, or intersectionality. Here, we are mainly concerned with how to tackle challenging issues that grow from gender differences and intersectionality. Within the complex landscape of doctoral supervision, this paper is based on both research and educational development practice, since as authors and practitioners we are engaged with this. We use research, policy, widely available literature, and professional practice to underpin, build and share our developing “gender equality toolkit”. We use case studies to support constructive policies and practices and engage colleagues in reflective and practical development aimed at tackling issues concerning gender and intersectional inequalities in doctoral experiences and supervision.
对于导师和博士生来说,博士生指导既是一种有益的经历,也是一种具有挑战性的经历,而有效的指导和研究实践对于博士生的发展过程以及学生和导师的职业生涯都至关重要。虽然在研究过程中会遇到一些严格意义上以研究为重点的挑战,但指导也是一种人类活动,其中的一些交叉方面会对行动和活动产生影响。在督导与研究生的互动中涉及到权力动态,其中许多互动将情感与智力领域联系在一起,而且许多互动是基于性别、年龄、种族或交叉性差异。在此,我们主要关注如何解决因性别差异和交叉性而产生的挑战性问题。在复杂的博士生指导工作中,本文既基于研究,也基于教育发展实践,因为作为作者和实践者,我们都参与其中。我们利用研究、政策、广泛提供的文献和专业实践来支持、构建和分享我们正在开发的 "性别平等工具包"。我们利用案例研究来支持建设性的政策和实践,并让同事们参与反思和实践发展,旨在解决博士生经历和指导中的性别和交叉不平等问题。
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引用次数: 0
A Critical View On Doctoral Supervisor Capacity Development At A South African University Of Technology 对南非科技大学博士生导师能力发展的批判性看法
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.47588/jngs.2023.21.01.a7
Lok Lategan, EP Nel, EM Bitzer
Growing the number of doctoral graduates, increasing the capacity for study supervision, and enhancing the quality of research output and impact remain some of the many challenges for higher education institutions in South Africa – especially for universities of technology (UoTs). Study supervisors at UoTs often lack sufficient experience and capacity to guide doctoral students to timely and successful completion. This article explores one such case as an example of critically assessing the capacity, quality, and effectiveness of supervisory development at a UoT. Our valuational stance involves observing aspects of institutional support to grow supervision capacity, comparing research performance to peer universities in the UoT cluster and engaging the South African university system as related to relevant literature on doctoral supervision and graduation. The selected institutional case revealed that supervisory capacity and subsequent graduations have improved significantly over time. However, the challenge remains to graduate increasing numbers of doctoral students, hence the need for further enhancing supervisory capacity. The inquiry also points to the need for increasing throughput figures and graduation in meeting institutional targets. The UoT under scrutiny had introduced several strategies to capacitate doctoral supervisors, including promoting relevant supervisory skills, scientific writing and communication. It also promoted research dissemination, incentives to support research capacity development, and policies to enhance quality supervision. Since the range and scope of developmental actions and activities at the selected UoT were too broad to evaluate in one project, the focus was on one aspect of supervisor support, namely an institution-wide postgraduate supervision developmental programme. Programme results for the period 2017 to 2021 were critically evaluated, addressing two key dimensions: enhancing doctoral supervision capacity and trends in doctoral graduations. These dimensions are discussed against the background of relevant literature on supervisory capacity, peer UoT cluster trends in South Africa, as well as trends related to the whole public university system in South Africa. The article concludes with important lessons learnt from the institutional case and suggestions to enhance research into doctoral supervisor developmental interventions within an UoT context.
增加博士毕业生人数、提高学习指导能力、提高研究成果的质量和影响力,这些仍然是南非高等教育机构,尤其是科技大学(UoTs)面临的诸多挑战。科技大学的学习督导往往缺乏足够的经验和能力,无法指导博士生及时、顺利地完成学业。本文探讨了一个这样的案例,作为批判性评估科技大学督导发展的能力、质量和有效性的范例。我们的价值立场包括:观察机构支持提高督导能力的各个方面;将研究绩效与南非科技大学集群中的同行大学进行比较;将南非大学系统与博士生督导和毕业的相关文献联系起来。所选机构案例显示,随着时间的推移,督导能力和随后的毕业情况都有了显著改善。然而,要让越来越多的博士生毕业仍然是一项挑战,因此需要进一步提高督导能力。调查还指出,在实现院校目标的过程中,需要提高产出数字和毕业率。接受调查的UT大学采取了多项战略来提高博士生导师的能力,包括促进相关的指导技能、科学写作和交流。该大学还促进研究成果的传播、支持研究能力发展的激励措施以及提高督导质量的政策。由于选定的理工大学的发展行动和活动范围太广,无法在一个项目中进行评估,因此重点放在了导师支持的一个方面,即全校研究生督导发展计划。对 2017 至 2021 年期间的计划成果进行了严格评估,涉及两个关键方面:提高博士生指导能力和博士生毕业趋势。文章以有关督导能力的相关文献、南非的同级大学集群趋势以及与南非整个公立大学系统相关的趋势为背景,对这些方面进行了讨论。文章最后总结了从该机构案例中吸取的重要经验教训,并提出了在南非理工大学背景下加强博士生导师发展干预措施研究的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Training Creative And Responsible Doctoral Researchers: Discussing Some Tensions In The System 培养有创造力和责任感的博士研究人员:讨论系统中的一些矛盾
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.47588/jngs.2023.21.01.a2
Idl Bogle
This perspective article explores some tensions in doctoral training systems. The last decade has seen a significant rise in the number of doctoral graduates around the world. While many seek an academic career, the number of opportunities for such careers has not grown. Hence, it has long been the case that in some countries most doctoral graduates have moved to careers beyond academia. This has created some tensions in the systems across the world. Four tensions are considered here, namely changing career prospects, the value of a postdoctoral experience, balancing research and innovation, and the freedom to be creative while considering the wider significance of research. The perspective is aimed at those responsible for policy and practice in doctoral training, as well as those conducting research in the field of doctoral education.
这篇视角独特的文章探讨了博士生培养体系中存在的一些矛盾。在过去的十年中,世界各地的博士毕业生人数大幅增加。虽然许多人寻求学术职业,但这种职业的机会并没有增加。因此,长期以来,一些国家的大多数博士毕业生都转向了学术界以外的职业。这在世界各地的制度中造成了一些矛盾。本文探讨了四种紧张关系,即不断变化的职业前景、博士后经历的价值、研究与创新之间的平衡,以及在考虑研究的广泛意义的同时发挥创造性的自由。该视角面向那些负责博士生培养政策和实践的人员,以及在博士生教育领域开展研究的人员。
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引用次数: 0
“Help, I Need Somebody, Help…”: Supporting Doctoral Candidates In Different Fields Of Research "救命,我需要人,救命......":为不同研究领域的博士生提供支持
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.47588/jngs.2023.21.01.a3
R. Bedersdorfer, HL Lohse-Bossenz
This study examines the perceived support of doctoral candidates within the academic environment in Germany, with regard to their academic progress and the probability of dropout intentions from their study programs. Based on Becher (1987), we investigated doctoral candidates in five different research fields with divergent research cultures, namely physics, mechanical engineering, German studies & history, economics, psychology & educational sciences. Perceived support was assessed on four sub-dimensions: professional, emotional, network integration and career planning, as developed by Vogel, Brandt, and Jaksztat (2017). We used data from the German 2019 National Academics Panel Study (NACAPS) comprising 28,368 respondents, the largest survey of doctoral candidates in Germany (Adrian et al., 2020). To investigate the effect of perceived support on students’ doctoral status, we used multivariate quantile regressions to compare doctoral candidates at similar stages of the doctoral process. To investigate the effect on the probability of dropout intentions, we performed linear probability regressions. We found that strong support of all types was associated with an advanced doctoral status and a decreasing likelihood of intentions to drop out. However, differences between candidates from different research fields were found.
本研究探讨了博士生在德国学术环境中的支持感知,这关系到他们的学业进展以及从学习项目中辍学的可能性。根据 Becher (1987),我们对五个不同研究领域的博士生进行了调查,这些领域的研究文化各不相同,分别是物理学、机械工程、德国研究与历史、经济学、心理学与教育科学。根据 Vogel、Brandt 和 Jaksztat(2017 年)的研究,我们从专业、情感、网络整合和职业规划四个子维度对感知支持进行了评估。我们使用的数据来自德国 2019 年全国学术小组研究(NACAPS),共有 28368 名受访者,这是德国最大的博士生调查(Adrian 等人,2020 年)。为了研究感知到的支持对学生博士生状态的影响,我们使用了多元量化回归来比较处于博士生过程相似阶段的博士生。为了研究对辍学意向概率的影响,我们进行了线性概率回归。我们发现,各种类型的有力支持都与博士生的高级身份和辍学意向的可能性降低有关。不过,不同研究领域的候选人之间也存在差异。
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引用次数: 0
The Need For The Development Of Emerging Postgraduate Supervisors 培养新兴研究生导师的必要性
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.47588/jngs.2023.21.01.a6
P. Motshoane
The demand for more doctoral education puts pressure on universities to increase the number of academics with doctoral degrees who can supervise the next generation of researchers. The Higher Education Qualifications Sub-Framework (HEQSF, 2013) indicates that being able to supervise is one of the outcomes of attaining a doctorate. Still, this study found this to be rarely the case. The study participants often took on the supervision role before they felt that their capacity had been sufficiently developed. Although emerging supervisors have been supervised during their doctoral journey, their new role may still be daunting. This study aims to provide evidence for institutions and academic developers to develop and support emerging supervisors. The qualitative study employs critical realism as an underlabourer and uses Margaret Archer's (1995) social realist framework to account for the interplay between structure, culture, and agency. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 54 participants from 20 South African institutions. The key finding is that supervisors were thrown into the deep end and relied on trial and error. They also had to supervise from experience while faced with high teaching workloads.
对更多博士生教育的需求给大学带来了压力,要求增加能够指导下一代研究人员的具有博士学位的学者人数。高等教育资格子框架(HEQSF,2013 年)指出,能够指导研究人员是获得博士学位的成果之一。但本研究发现,这种情况很少发生。研究参与者往往在认为自己的能力得到充分发展之前就承担起了督导的角色。尽管新晋督导在攻读博士期间曾接受过督导,但他们的新角色可能仍然令人生畏。本研究旨在为院校和学术发展机构提供证据,以发展和支持新兴导师。本定性研究采用批判现实主义作为下层工作者,并使用玛格丽特-阿切尔(Margaret Archer,1995 年)的社会现实主义框架来解释结构、文化和代理之间的相互作用。对来自南非 20 个机构的 54 名参与者进行了半结构化访谈。主要发现是,督导人员被扔进了深水区,依赖于试错。他们还必须根据经验进行监督,同时还要面对繁重的教学任务。
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引用次数: 0
Assisting Postgraduate Students To Synthesise Qualitative Propositions To Develop A Conceptual Framework 协助研究生综合定性命题以建立概念框架
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.47588/jngs.2023.21.01.a11
JA Van der Poll, HM Van der Poll
With the advent of the Fourth/Fifth Industrial Revolution (4/5IR), the interplay between using software for automated text analysis and the human researcher, for example, a postgraduate student, is becoming increasingly challenging. Having sourced the relevant publications to be used in the development of a literature review chapter, a student is faced with the task of analysing the said publications and extracting the sections relevant to their research. These analyses may arguably be automated through sophisticated software. Yet, to warrant a student's name on the title page of a dissertation or thesis, the student should do a substantial amount of the work manually in terms of surveying the scholarly literature as well as synthesising the collected content into a coherent piece of work. Depending on the subject area, it may be customary to develop a conceptual framework synthesised from the themes identified in the literature survey. As the body of knowledge in each subject increases, the development of a framework becomes hard. To this end, we present a methodology of proposition development that may guide a student to synthesise a framework from the important aspects in a literature review chapter. Our approach focuses on the development of four sets of propositions. We apply our approach to a small piece of text and formalise the approach in the form of a pseudo-code algorithm. Future work will involve the refinement of our technique.
随着第四次/第五次工业革命(4/5IR)的到来,使用软件进行自动文本分析与人类研究人员(例如研究生)之间的相互作用正变得越来越具有挑战性。在获取了用于撰写文献综述章节的相关出版物后,学生面临的任务是分析上述出版物并提取与其研究相关的部分。可以说,这些分析可以通过先进的软件自动完成。然而,要想让学生的名字出现在学位论文或毕业论文的扉页上,学生就必须手工完成大量的工作,即调查学术文献并将收集到的内容综合成一篇连贯的文章。根据学科领域的不同,通常需要根据文献调查中确定的主题制定一个概念框架。随着各学科知识体系的增加,制定框架变得越来越困难。为此,我们提出了一种命题开发方法,可以指导学生从文献综述章节中的重要方面综合出一个框架。我们的方法侧重于开发四组命题。我们将这一方法应用于一小段文本,并以伪代码算法的形式将这一方法正规化。未来的工作将包括完善我们的技术。
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引用次数: 0
Tackling Gender Inequality In Doctoral Supervision - An Intersectional Toolkit Involving Hearts, Minds, Policies, And Practices 解决博士生指导工作中的性别不平等问题--涉及心灵、思想、政策和实践的跨部门工具包
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.47588/jngs.2023.21.01.a8
G. Wisker, T. Fossland
Doctoral supervision is both a rewarding and challenging experience for supervisors and doctoral students, while effective supervision and research practice is of crucial importance for the developmental process and both students’ and supervisors’ careers. Although several challenges in the research journey are strictly research-focused, supervision is a human activity where intersectional aspects influence actions and activities. Power dynamics are involved in supervisor and research student interactions, many of which link affective with intellectual domains, and many are based on differences, of gender, age, race, or intersectionality. Here, we are mainly concerned with how to tackle challenging issues that grow from gender differences and intersectionality. Within the complex landscape of doctoral supervision, this paper is based on both research and educational development practice, since as authors and practitioners we are engaged with this. We use research, policy, widely available literature, and professional practice to underpin, build and share our developing “gender equality toolkit”. We use case studies to support constructive policies and practices and engage colleagues in reflective and practical development aimed at tackling issues concerning gender and intersectional inequalities in doctoral experiences and supervision.
对于导师和博士生来说,博士生指导既是一种有益的经历,也是一种具有挑战性的经历,而有效的指导和研究实践对于博士生的发展过程以及学生和导师的职业生涯都至关重要。虽然在研究过程中会遇到一些严格意义上以研究为重点的挑战,但指导也是一种人类活动,其中的一些交叉方面会对行动和活动产生影响。在督导与研究生的互动中涉及到权力动态,其中许多互动将情感与智力领域联系在一起,而且许多互动是基于性别、年龄、种族或交叉性差异。在此,我们主要关注如何解决因性别差异和交叉性而产生的挑战性问题。在复杂的博士生指导工作中,本文既基于研究,也基于教育发展实践,因为作为作者和实践者,我们都参与其中。我们利用研究、政策、广泛提供的文献和专业实践来支持、构建和分享我们正在开发的 "性别平等工具包"。我们利用案例研究来支持建设性的政策和实践,并让同事们参与反思和实践发展,旨在解决博士生经历和指导中的性别和交叉不平等问题。
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引用次数: 0
Meeting The Demands Of PhD Supervision By Changing Supervision Practice - A Supervisor's Reflection On Didactic Change 通过改变督导实践来满足博士生督导的需求--一位督导对教学改革的反思
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.47588/jngs.2023.21.01.a4
K. Areskoug Josefsson
This article presents a PhD supervisor’s reflections on a didactic change in supervision. The change included adding digital collaborative supervision activities to meet expectations, demands, and prerequisites for PhD supervision. Small-scale changes in supervisor didactic practices, such as online monthly group meetings and online retreats, can be useful for the progress of PhD students and for improving the working situation for supervisors. Collaboration is a key feature that ensures shared responsibility, meaningful focus, and better use of both traditional and new supervision meetings and activities. Furthermore, PhD students appear to have positive outcomes regarding social life, academic belonging, academic skills, academic leadership, and academic friendship. The findings from this small, pragmatic quality improvement project provide useful insights for PhD supervision. Reflections on a supervisor’s experience from a didactic change with digital, collaborative supervision can provide useful learning relevant to other PhD supervisors, PhD students, and graduate schools.
本文介绍了一位博士生导师对指导教学改革的思考。这一变革包括增加数字化协作督导活动,以满足对博士生督导的期望、要求和先决条件。导师教学实践中的小规模变革,如在线月度小组会议和在线务虚会,对博士生的进步和改善导师的工作状况都是有益的。合作是确保责任分担、有意义的重点以及更好地利用传统和新的督导会议和活动的关键特征。此外,博士生似乎在社会生活、学术归属感、学术技能、学术领导力和学术友谊方面都取得了积极成果。这个小型、务实的质量改进项目的研究结果为博士生指导工作提供了有益的启示。对导师的经验进行反思,从讲授式督导转变为数字化、协作式督导,可以为其他博士生导师、博士生和研究生院提供有益的借鉴。
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引用次数: 0
The Value Of Using A Research Alignment Plan In Research Supervision - A Student Perspective 在研究督导中使用研究调整计划的价值--学生视角
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.47588/jngs.2023.21.01.a10
AP Calitz, M. Cullen
Research supervision is an important component in an academic’s career and remains a challenging task. Students having to complete a research thesis, dissertation or treatise, generally struggle to complete the research component of their postgraduate studies. Research alignment is a topic discussed in various approaches to research supervision, specifically relating to research methods, guidelines and tools. The supervisors' role is to guide the student during their research process, offering advice in their field of study, providing research direction, setting milestones and monitoring the student’s progress. The Research Alignment Plan (RAP) was specifically developed to assist postgraduate students with planning the outline and structure of their Master of Business Administration (MBA) treatise or Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) thesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the students’ perceptions regarding the use of the RAP during their studies. The study was qualitative and open-ended questions were included in the questionnaire, which was distributed to the supervised MBA and DBA students. The survey was completed by 25 MBA and DBA students. The findings indicate that the RAP is an effective instrument, which assists students to structure their research, align the research problem with the research objectives, research questions and chapter’s outcomes or deliverables. All respondents recommended that the RAP be used by all students in the Business School and be incorporated in the Research Methodology module.
研究督导是学术生涯的重要组成部分,也是一项具有挑战性的任务。需要完成研究论文、学位论文或论著的学生一般都很难完成研究生学习中的研究部分。研究调整是研究督导的各种方法中讨论的一个主题,特别是与研究方法、准则和工具有关的方法。导师的职责是在学生的研究过程中为其提供指导,在其研究领域提供建议,提供研究方向,设定阶段性目标并监督学生的进展。研究调整计划 (RAP) 专门用于帮助研究生规划工商管理硕士 (MBA) 论文或工商管理博士 (DBA) 论文的大纲和结构。本研究旨在调查学生在学习期间对使用 RAP 的看法。本研究为定性研究,问卷中包含开放式问题,并分发给受指导的 MBA 和 DBA 学生。25 名 MBA 和 DBA 学生完成了调查。调查结果表明,RAP 是一种有效的工具,可以帮助学生构建研究结构,将研究问题与研究目标、研究问题和章节成果或可交付成果结合起来。所有受访者都建议商学院的所有学生使用 RAP,并将其纳入研究方法模块。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal for New Generation Sciences
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