Pub Date : 2016-07-19DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819140
Pedro Benedicte, Leonidas Kosmidis, E. Quiñones, J. Abella, F. Cazorla
Obtaining Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) estimates is a required step in real-time embedded systems during software verification. Measurement-Based Probabilistic Timing Analysis (MBPTA) aims at obtaining WCET estimates for industrial-size software running upon hardware platforms comprising high-performance features. MBPTA relies on the randomization of timing behavior (functional behavior is left unchanged) of hard-to-predict events like the location of objects in memory — and hence their associated cache behavior — that significantly impact software's WCET estimates. Software time-randomized caches (sTRc) have been recently proposed to enable MBPTA on top of Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) caches (e.g. modulo placement). However, some random events may challenge MBPTA reliability on top of sTRc. In this paper, for sTRc and programs with homogeneously accessed addresses, we determine whether the number of observations taken at analysis, as part of the normal MBPTA application process, captures the cache events significantly impacting execution time and WCET. If this is not the case, our techniques provide the user with the number of extra runs to perform to guarantee that cache events are captured for a reliable application of MBPTA. Our techniques are evaluated with synthetic benchmarks and an avionics application.
{"title":"A confidence assessment of WCET estimates for software time randomized caches","authors":"Pedro Benedicte, Leonidas Kosmidis, E. Quiñones, J. Abella, F. Cazorla","doi":"10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819140","url":null,"abstract":"Obtaining Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) estimates is a required step in real-time embedded systems during software verification. Measurement-Based Probabilistic Timing Analysis (MBPTA) aims at obtaining WCET estimates for industrial-size software running upon hardware platforms comprising high-performance features. MBPTA relies on the randomization of timing behavior (functional behavior is left unchanged) of hard-to-predict events like the location of objects in memory — and hence their associated cache behavior — that significantly impact software's WCET estimates. Software time-randomized caches (sTRc) have been recently proposed to enable MBPTA on top of Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) caches (e.g. modulo placement). However, some random events may challenge MBPTA reliability on top of sTRc. In this paper, for sTRc and programs with homogeneously accessed addresses, we determine whether the number of observations taken at analysis, as part of the normal MBPTA application process, captures the cache events significantly impacting execution time and WCET. If this is not the case, our techniques provide the user with the number of extra runs to perform to guarantee that cache events are captured for a reliable application of MBPTA. Our techniques are evaluated with synthetic benchmarks and an avionics application.","PeriodicalId":421680,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 14th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124531062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-19DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819259
Dmitrii Drozdov, V. Dubinin, V. Vyatkin
In this paper a speculative computation method for IEC 61499 function block (FB) systems is proposed to increase the level of parallelism when executing the FB system and thus to increase system's performance and to reduce response time on input events. Data and control dependencies in FB systems are recognized and defined as a basis for organizing speculative execution of FB algorithms. A simulation model of FB systems with speculative execution based on timed stochastic Petri nets is considered. In addition, the paper discusses the results of simulation experiments conducted in CPN Tools.
{"title":"Speculative computation in IEC 61499 function blocks execution — Modeling and simulation","authors":"Dmitrii Drozdov, V. Dubinin, V. Vyatkin","doi":"10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819259","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a speculative computation method for IEC 61499 function block (FB) systems is proposed to increase the level of parallelism when executing the FB system and thus to increase system's performance and to reduce response time on input events. Data and control dependencies in FB systems are recognized and defined as a basis for organizing speculative execution of FB algorithms. A simulation model of FB systems with speculative execution based on timed stochastic Petri nets is considered. In addition, the paper discusses the results of simulation experiments conducted in CPN Tools.","PeriodicalId":421680,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 14th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133826847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-19DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819187
Benjamin Brandenbourger, Milan Vathoopan, Alois Zoitl
The commission and adaptation of modern automation systems is cost-intensive, error-prone and requires expertise. A large part is attributed to the engineering and programming process of manufacturer-specific components. Unifying the way of describing and controlling hardware results in a higher flexibility of the utilized hardware. This paper introduces a metamodel which allows a more efficient and flexible engineering of industrial automation systems throughout the system life cycle. The resulting model-based engineering approach utilizes highly abstracted models of automation components stored in the metamodel to form more specific models. By applying inheritance and classes, paradigms of object-oriented programming are followed to ensure better re-usability and interchangeability of modeled components. For evaluating the proposed concept the corresponding engineering data model is implemented in AutomationML.
{"title":"Engineering of automation systems using a metamodel implemented in AutomationML","authors":"Benjamin Brandenbourger, Milan Vathoopan, Alois Zoitl","doi":"10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819187","url":null,"abstract":"The commission and adaptation of modern automation systems is cost-intensive, error-prone and requires expertise. A large part is attributed to the engineering and programming process of manufacturer-specific components. Unifying the way of describing and controlling hardware results in a higher flexibility of the utilized hardware. This paper introduces a metamodel which allows a more efficient and flexible engineering of industrial automation systems throughout the system life cycle. The resulting model-based engineering approach utilizes highly abstracted models of automation components stored in the metamodel to form more specific models. By applying inheritance and classes, paradigms of object-oriented programming are followed to ensure better re-usability and interchangeability of modeled components. For evaluating the proposed concept the corresponding engineering data model is implemented in AutomationML.","PeriodicalId":421680,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 14th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"213 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133749331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-19DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819134
T. Chiwewe, J. Ditsela
In this paper, models are created to predict the levels of ground level Ozone at particular locations based on the cross-correlation and spatial-correlation of different air pollutants whose readings are obtained from several different air quality monitoring stations in Gauteng province, South Africa, including the City of Johannesburg which is on the cusp of being one of the world's megacities and is currently the most polluted city in the country. Datasets spanning several years collected from the monitoring stations and transmitted through the Internet-of-Things are used. Big data analytics and cognitive computing is used to get insights on the data and create models that can estimate levels of Ozone without requiring massive computational power or intense numerical analysis.
{"title":"Machine learning based estimation of Ozone using spatio-temporal data from air quality monitoring stations","authors":"T. Chiwewe, J. Ditsela","doi":"10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819134","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, models are created to predict the levels of ground level Ozone at particular locations based on the cross-correlation and spatial-correlation of different air pollutants whose readings are obtained from several different air quality monitoring stations in Gauteng province, South Africa, including the City of Johannesburg which is on the cusp of being one of the world's megacities and is currently the most polluted city in the country. Datasets spanning several years collected from the monitoring stations and transmitted through the Internet-of-Things are used. Big data analytics and cognitive computing is used to get insights on the data and create models that can estimate levels of Ozone without requiring massive computational power or intense numerical analysis.","PeriodicalId":421680,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 14th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124686490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-19DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819256
I. Buzhinsky, V. Vyatkin
Closed-loop model checking, a formal verification technique for industrial automation systems, increases the richness of specifications to be checked and often helps to reduce size of the state space to be verified compared with the open-loop case. To be applied, it needs two components — the controller and the plant models — to be coupled. While there are approaches for obtaining controller models from implementation, specification or behavior examples, little has been done regarding automation of plant model construction. This paper aims to solve the problem of automatic plant model construction from existing specification, which is represented in the form of plant behavior examples and temporal properties.
{"title":"Plant model inference for closed-loop verification of control systems: Initial explorations","authors":"I. Buzhinsky, V. Vyatkin","doi":"10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819256","url":null,"abstract":"Closed-loop model checking, a formal verification technique for industrial automation systems, increases the richness of specifications to be checked and often helps to reduce size of the state space to be verified compared with the open-loop case. To be applied, it needs two components — the controller and the plant models — to be coupled. While there are approaches for obtaining controller models from implementation, specification or behavior examples, little has been done regarding automation of plant model construction. This paper aims to solve the problem of automatic plant model construction from existing specification, which is represented in the form of plant behavior examples and temporal properties.","PeriodicalId":421680,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 14th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127716273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-19DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819357
Chao-Lin Kuo, Chien-Kuo Tsui, N. Pai, Chia-Hung Lin, Shih-Chung Chen, Po-Wei Li
In this paper, a PID controller for the underwater robot station-keeping has presented. The underwater robots are very important for the underwater surveillance. The objective of this study is to describe the development of a depth control for underwater robot. For the posture control of the underwater robot, we employ embedded system to design and develop the prototype of the thruster control system. The hardware architecture of the underwater robot is composed the ground PC, DC power supply, embedded system, sensor system, and propeller system. The experiment results demonstrate the proposed control system performance.
{"title":"A PID controller for the underwater robot station-keeping","authors":"Chao-Lin Kuo, Chien-Kuo Tsui, N. Pai, Chia-Hung Lin, Shih-Chung Chen, Po-Wei Li","doi":"10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819357","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a PID controller for the underwater robot station-keeping has presented. The underwater robots are very important for the underwater surveillance. The objective of this study is to describe the development of a depth control for underwater robot. For the posture control of the underwater robot, we employ embedded system to design and develop the prototype of the thruster control system. The hardware architecture of the underwater robot is composed the ground PC, DC power supply, embedded system, sensor system, and propeller system. The experiment results demonstrate the proposed control system performance.","PeriodicalId":421680,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 14th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115914413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-19DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819312
Muhammad Ikram Ashraf, Syed Tamoor-ul-Hassan, S. Mumtaz, K. Tsang, J. Rodriquez
Due to the upsurge of context-aware and proximity aware applications, device-to-device (D2D) enabled mobile cloud (MC) emerges as next step towards future 5G system. There are many applications for such MC based architecture but mobile data offloading is one of the most prominent one especially for ultra dense wireless networks. The proposed system exploits the short range links to establish a cluster based network between the nearby devices, adapts according to environment and uses various cooperation strategies to obtain efficient utilization of resources. We proposed a novel architecture of MC in which the total coverage area of a eNB is divided into several logical regions (clusters). Furthermore, UEs in the cluster are classified into Primary Cluster Head (PCH), Secondary Cluster Head (SCH) and Standard UEs (UEs). Each cluster is managed by selected PCH and SCH. An algorithm is proposed for the selection of PCH and SCH which is based on signal-to-interference-plus-noise (SINR) and residual energy of UEs. Finally each PCH and SCH distributes data in their respective regions by efficiently utilizing D2D links. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed D2D-enabled MC based approach yields significantly better gains in terms of data rate and energy efficiency as compared to the classical cellular approach.
{"title":"Device-to-device assisted mobile cloud framework for 5G networks","authors":"Muhammad Ikram Ashraf, Syed Tamoor-ul-Hassan, S. Mumtaz, K. Tsang, J. Rodriquez","doi":"10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819312","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the upsurge of context-aware and proximity aware applications, device-to-device (D2D) enabled mobile cloud (MC) emerges as next step towards future 5G system. There are many applications for such MC based architecture but mobile data offloading is one of the most prominent one especially for ultra dense wireless networks. The proposed system exploits the short range links to establish a cluster based network between the nearby devices, adapts according to environment and uses various cooperation strategies to obtain efficient utilization of resources. We proposed a novel architecture of MC in which the total coverage area of a eNB is divided into several logical regions (clusters). Furthermore, UEs in the cluster are classified into Primary Cluster Head (PCH), Secondary Cluster Head (SCH) and Standard UEs (UEs). Each cluster is managed by selected PCH and SCH. An algorithm is proposed for the selection of PCH and SCH which is based on signal-to-interference-plus-noise (SINR) and residual energy of UEs. Finally each PCH and SCH distributes data in their respective regions by efficiently utilizing D2D links. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed D2D-enabled MC based approach yields significantly better gains in terms of data rate and energy efficiency as compared to the classical cellular approach.","PeriodicalId":421680,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 14th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"1965 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129626478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-19DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819322
Jan Haase, M. Alahmad, H. Nishi, J. Ploennigs, K. Tsang
The internet of things (IOT) continues to transform the world, and in many countries is now an integral part of our everyday lives-influencing everything from the way that we intercommunicate to how we conduct business. Innovators continue to find ways to integrate IOT into uses as far flung as fashion to medicine. This survey looks at how IOT is currently being integrated into the built environment for the purpose of saving energy and improving occupants' livelihoods. In particular, it reviews three technologies that have received a lot of attention in the literature as the future of an IOT mediated built environment. Based on this literature, predictions are made of the likely trends in regards to the future scholarship on these technologies.
{"title":"The IOT mediated built environment: A brief survey","authors":"Jan Haase, M. Alahmad, H. Nishi, J. Ploennigs, K. Tsang","doi":"10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819322","url":null,"abstract":"The internet of things (IOT) continues to transform the world, and in many countries is now an integral part of our everyday lives-influencing everything from the way that we intercommunicate to how we conduct business. Innovators continue to find ways to integrate IOT into uses as far flung as fashion to medicine. This survey looks at how IOT is currently being integrated into the built environment for the purpose of saving energy and improving occupants' livelihoods. In particular, it reviews three technologies that have received a lot of attention in the literature as the future of an IOT mediated built environment. Based on this literature, predictions are made of the likely trends in regards to the future scholarship on these technologies.","PeriodicalId":421680,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 14th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120891097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-19DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819284
C. Wu, K. Tsang, H. Chi
World Health Organization informed that traffic accidents potentially become the 5th leading cause of death if there is no effective way to restrict drunk driving. It is reported that 51 million people are injured or dead because of the traffic accidents every year. These traffic accidents lead to the expenditures of $500 billion dollars. Among these traffic accidents, drunk driving is one of the leading cause that drunk drivers can be found in 40 % of total traffic accidents. To protect the public from drunk driving, drunk driving detection (DDD) is considered as one of the effective ways. Among various types of DDD, electrocardiogram-based (ECG-based) detection can provide real-time monitor and response. In this paper, ECG-based drunk driving detection scheme was proposed. Among various types of DDD, the proposed work is able to provide early detection and fully automated detection with satisfied accuracy.
{"title":"A wearable drunk detection scheme for healthcare applications","authors":"C. Wu, K. Tsang, H. Chi","doi":"10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819284","url":null,"abstract":"World Health Organization informed that traffic accidents potentially become the 5th leading cause of death if there is no effective way to restrict drunk driving. It is reported that 51 million people are injured or dead because of the traffic accidents every year. These traffic accidents lead to the expenditures of $500 billion dollars. Among these traffic accidents, drunk driving is one of the leading cause that drunk drivers can be found in 40 % of total traffic accidents. To protect the public from drunk driving, drunk driving detection (DDD) is considered as one of the effective ways. Among various types of DDD, electrocardiogram-based (ECG-based) detection can provide real-time monitor and response. In this paper, ECG-based drunk driving detection scheme was proposed. Among various types of DDD, the proposed work is able to provide early detection and fully automated detection with satisfied accuracy.","PeriodicalId":421680,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 14th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126364400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-19DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819214
J. Barbosa, P. Leitão, D. Trentesaux, A. Colombo, S. Karnouskos
The manufacturing industry is facing a technology paradigm change, as also captured in the Industrie 4.0 vision as the fourth industrial revolution. Future smart industries will require to optimize not only their own manufacturing processes but also the use of products and manufacturing resources, their maintenance and their recycling. In this context the strengths and weaknesses of two key concepts, namely Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Intelligent Product (IP) are discussed, and it is suggested that an integration of these two approaches to meet the introduced emergent requirements is beneficial. The integration of CPS and IP is shown via two real-world industrial cases, covering different phases of the product life-cycle, namely the production, use and maintenance phases.
{"title":"Cross benefits from cyber-physical systems and intelligent products for future smart industries","authors":"J. Barbosa, P. Leitão, D. Trentesaux, A. Colombo, S. Karnouskos","doi":"10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819214","url":null,"abstract":"The manufacturing industry is facing a technology paradigm change, as also captured in the Industrie 4.0 vision as the fourth industrial revolution. Future smart industries will require to optimize not only their own manufacturing processes but also the use of products and manufacturing resources, their maintenance and their recycling. In this context the strengths and weaknesses of two key concepts, namely Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Intelligent Product (IP) are discussed, and it is suggested that an integration of these two approaches to meet the introduced emergent requirements is beneficial. The integration of CPS and IP is shown via two real-world industrial cases, covering different phases of the product life-cycle, namely the production, use and maintenance phases.","PeriodicalId":421680,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 14th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133132346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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