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Evolution of New Guar Variety “BR-21” With High Yield Potential through Pure-Line Selection 高产瓜尔新品种BR-21的纯系选育
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2021-07-28 DOI: 10.21608/agro.2021.80162.1264
R. Minhas, L. H. Akhtar, M. Zubair, M. S. Bukhari, Muhmmad Akram, R. Ullah, Muhammad Sultan Ali Buzmi, A. Jabbar, Muhammad Sohaib Akhtar, Abdul Wahab Chughtai
Guar is a drought tolerant, summer annual legume, well adapted to arid and semi-arid regions of Pakistan. Guar gum is important product which is obtained from guar seed and has worldwide uses in different industries. Therefore, there is a dire need of evolution of new high yielding, short duration and early maturing varieties of guar. Keeping in view the above facts, Agricultural Research Station, Bahawalpur is conducting research to develop new varieties. The present newly developed variety BR-21 (strain name S-5823) is high yielding, short duration, non-hairy with a wider range of adaptability. Yield data (grain yield) were collected from the guar varietal performance trials conducted over eight consecutive years (2011-2020). This strain performed better when evaluated/tested in 7 different yield performance trails including commercial variety as a check from year 2013-2018. The BR-21 also performed excellent in the agronomic trials (Sowing date, fertilizer requirement, row spacing, and irrigation levels) compared to check variety in different years of study. Finally, it is concluded that BR-21 is a non-hairy and very easy to harvest than previous guar varieties. It contains high gum contents (34.9%) than check variety. It is high yielder, early maturing and requires very low inputs. It is comparatively resistant to insect pests and diseases. It is short duration variety, therefore, wheat, raya, chickpea and other Rabi crops can be sown well in time.
瓜尔豆是一种耐旱的夏季一年生豆类,非常适合巴基斯坦的干旱和半干旱地区。瓜尔豆胶是从瓜尔豆种子中提取的重要产品,在世界各地的不同行业都有应用。因此,迫切需要选育高产、短效、早熟的瓜尔豆新品种。鉴于上述事实,巴哈瓦尔布尔农业研究站正在进行新品种开发研究。新选育的品种BR-21(株名S-5823)产量高、结实期短、无毛,适应性广。产量数据(谷物产量)是从连续八年(2011-2020年)进行的瓜尔豆品种性能试验中收集的。该菌株在7个不同的产量性能试验中进行评估/测试时表现更好,包括2013-2018年的商业品种。与不同研究年份的对照品种相比,BR-21在农艺试验(播种日期、肥料需求、行距和灌溉水平)中也表现出色。最后,我们得出结论,BR-21是一种无毛的瓜尔豆,比以前的品种更容易收获。其树胶含量比对照品种高(34.9%)。它产量高,早熟,需要非常低的投入。它对害虫和疾病具有相对的抵抗力。它是一个短期品种,因此,小麦、雷亚、鹰嘴豆和其他拉比作物可以及时播种。
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引用次数: 1
Assessment of Relationship for Both Seedling and Maturity Traits with SSR Markers under Drought Conditions in Bread Wheat (Triticum asetivum L.) 干旱条件下面包小麦(Triticum asetivum L.)幼苗和成熟性状与SSR标记关系的评价
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2021-06-17 DOI: 10.21608/agro.2021.70975.1255
M. El-rawy, M. Sayed, M. Said
Twenty-one cultivars of bread wheat were evaluated for drought-stress tolerance at seedling ‎and maturity stages under non-drought and drought-stress conditions. Significant differences among ‎genotypes were obtained under non-drought and drought-stress conditions for all seedling and ‎maturity characteristics. Highly positive and significant correlations were found for root length with ‎respect to fresh weight of 0.74 and dry weight seedling of 0.80. However, negative and highly ‎significant correlations were found for both drought susceptible index based on seedling traits ‎‎(DSIST) and maturity traits (DSIST) with all seedling traits except root: shoot ratio, whereas no ‎correlations were obtained for either DSIST or DSIMT with all maturity traits except 1000 kernel ‎weight. Positive and highly significant correlation found between DSIST and DSIMT (0.85). SSR ‎markers analysis showed that three bands produced by Xgwm596-7A (507 bp), Xgwm497-1A (556 ‎bp) and Xgwm174-5D (409 bp), they were presented in all tolerant genotypes based on DSIST. The ‎three bands (507, 556 and 409 bp) were correlated to DSIST, with R2 values of 81.05%, whereas the ‎three bands were correlated to DSIMT with R2 values of 61.96%. Strong association was observed for ‎genotypic distance with phenotypic distance based on seedling characteristics, that amounted to ‎‎0.66, whereas the correlation was less strong between genotypic distance and phenotypic distance ‎based on maturity traits by 0.30. The seedling traits at 15% PEG were more association than maturity ‎traits under drought-stress with SSR markers, this gives preference to using seedling traits as an ‎indicator of drought-stress tolerance in breeding programs.‎
对21个面包小麦品种的幼苗抗旱性进行了评价‎以及在非干旱和干旱胁迫条件下的成熟阶段。在‎在非干旱和干旱胁迫条件下获得了所有幼苗的基因型‎成熟度特征。根长与‎鲜重0.74,干重0.80。然而,消极和高度‎基于幼苗性状的两个干旱敏感指数均存在显著相关性‎‎(DSIST)和成熟度性状(DSIST),除根冠比外的所有幼苗性状,而没有‎DSIST或DSIMT与除1000粒外的所有成熟度性状都具有相关性‎重量DSIST与DSIMT呈正相关(0.85)。SSR‎标记分析表明,Xgwm596-7A(507 bp)、Xgwm497-1A(556‎bp)和Xgwm174-5D(409bp),它们在基于DSIST的所有耐受基因型中都存在。这个‎三个条带(507556和409bp)与DSIST相关,R2值为81.05%,而‎三个谱带与DSIMT相关,R2值为61.96%‎基因型距离与基于幼苗特征的表型距离,相当于‎‎0.66,而基因型距离和表型距离之间的相关性不那么强‎基于成熟度性状增加0.30。在15%PEG条件下,幼苗性状的相关性大于成熟度‎利用SSR标记对干旱胁迫下的性状进行标记,这优先使用幼苗性状作为‎育种项目中抗旱性指标。‎
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Local Bread Wheat Cultivars for Grain Yield and Its Attributes at Different Sowing Dates under Assiut Conditions 干旱条件下地方面包小麦品种不同播期籽粒产量及性状评价
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2021-06-17 DOI: 10.21608/agro.2021.74735.1257
M. Sayed, M. Said, M. El-rawy
The current research aimed to evaluate and select bread wheat stable cultivars with high ‎productivity across diverse sowing dates. Fourteen wheat cultivars were grown in a randomized ‎complete block design with three replicates at six sowing dates during two successive seasons of ‎‎2018/2019 and 2019/2020 representing twelve environments. The cultivars were evaluated for grain ‎yield and its attributes. Highly significant differences were obtained among the wheat cultivars, ‎sowing dates, and their respective interaction for all measured traits. The highest grain yield (2.992-ton ‎fed-1) was recorded on 30th November, after this date, each day delay in sowing of wheat onward ‎decreases grain yield at the rate of 21 kg fed-1 day-1. Overall, the cultivar Gemiza 11 gave the highest ‎grain yield with an average of 2.861 ton fed-1, recorded the highest 1000-GW with an average of 47.73 g, ‎highest straw yield with an average of 8.303-ton Fed-1, and was the earliest cultivar with a mean heading ‎date of 92.9 days. According to GGE biplot results, Gemiza 11, Gemiza 9, and Sakha 94 ranked in the ‎first order as high-yielding cultivars and had greater stability level overall sowing dates under ‎Assiut conditions. The most adequate cultivars for sowing in the first half of November (1st -15th ) ‎are Misr 2, Sids 12, Sakha 95, Gemiza 9, and Gemiza 11. Also, Sakha 94, Gemiza 9, and Gemiza 11 ‎can be sown after 30th November because they produce a satisfied yield, have good stability, and ‎can be considered as late sowing tolerant.‎
本研究旨在评价和筛选不同播期高产的面包小麦稳定品种。在2018/2019和2019/2020两个连续季节,分别代表12个环境,采用随机完全区组设计,在6个播期种植14个小麦品种。对各品种的籽粒产量及其性状进行了评价。小麦品种间、播期间及其相互作用均存在极显著差异。11月30日籽粒产量最高(2.992吨),此后每晚播一天,籽粒产量以每晚播一天减少21公斤的速度递减。总体而言,粳粳11籽粒产量最高,平均为2.861 t,平均为47.73 g,籽粒产量最高,平均为8.303 t,平均抽穗期为92.9 d,是籽粒产量最高的品种。根据GGE双标图结果,在Assiut条件下,gemiz11、gemiz9和Sakha 94均为第一级高产品种,总体播期稳定性较高。11月上半月(1 -15日)最适宜播种的品种是Misr 2、Sids 12、Sakha 95、Gemiza 9和Gemiza 11。Sakha 94、Gemiza 9和Gemiza 11都可以在11月30日之后播种,因为它们产量满意,稳定性好,可以认为是耐晚播的
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引用次数: 2
Impact of Preceding Crop, Sowing Methods and Nano-Fertilizer (Amino mineral) on Bread Wheat Production and Quality in Toshka Region, Egypt 前茬作物、播种方法和纳米肥料(氨基矿物质)对埃及托什卡地区面包小麦生产和质量的影响
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.21608/AGRO.2021.883.1256
A. Morsy, A. Awadalla, M. Hussein, S. El-dek
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important cereal crop all over the world as well as it is considered the major cultivated, most consuming staple food in Egy pt and for millions of people worldwide. Egypt remains a highly importer of wheat despite it was the first crop to be planted. To obtain high produc tion of wheat under Egyptian agriculture is one of the main targets of food production increa se in order to reduce the food gap as a result of the continuous population increase. Land reclamation is one of the important solutions for this reason which is the most important strategic aim to reduce the gap between production and consumption.
小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)是世界上重要的谷类作物,也是埃及和全世界数百万人种植和消费最多的主食。埃及仍然是小麦的高度进口国,尽管它是第一个种植的作物。在埃及农业下获得小麦高产是粮食产量增加的主要目标之一,以减少由于人口不断增加而导致的粮食缺口。土地复垦是一个重要的解决方案,因为这是最重要的战略目标,以减少生产和消费之间的差距。
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引用次数: 3
LED Light Technology as a Source of Illumination and a Promising Method for Stevia rebaudiana Elite Propagation LED光源技术及其在甜菊优良繁殖中的应用前景
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.21608/AGRO.2021.67640.1253
Ahmed Saad Attaya
Effect of light-sources, quality, and intensities on morphogenesis, shoot multiplication, development and roots, and biomass production in Stevia investigated using shoot tips cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs). 2000 Lux intensity provided by fluorescent light lambs was found the most favorable for shoot induction and production, shoot length, number of leaves/explant and also for fresh and dry weights/foliage. Under this light condition, the optimum contents of photosynthetic pigments, cholorophyll a, cholorophyll b, total cholorophyll, and carotenoids recorded. Blue-LED light treatment created growth condition for the highest shoot elongation, leaves number/shoot, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, and photosynthetic pigment production. Cent percent of shoot induction was obtained under red-LED treatment resulting in the largest number of shoot production. Root formation was promoted by 2000 and 3000 Lux intensities of light. However, the 2000 Lux intensity treatment provided the most favorable growth condition permitting generation of largest number of longest roots with maximum fresh/dry weights. Root induction was 100 percent under fluorescent light, the maximum fresh and dry weights of roots were achieved on blue-Led light and red-LED treatment induced the longest roots.
利用添加不同浓度植物生长调节剂(PGRs)的Murashige和Skoog(MS)培养基培养茎尖,研究了光源、质量和强度对甜菊形态发生、芽增殖、发育和根系以及生物量产生的影响。发现荧光羔羊提供的2000Lux强度最有利于芽的诱导和生产、芽的长度、叶片/外植体的数量以及新鲜和干燥重量/叶片。在此光照条件下,记录了光合色素、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的最佳含量。蓝光LED处理创造了最高芽伸长、叶片数/芽、叶片鲜重、叶片干重和光合色素产生的生长条件。在红色LED处理下获得了百分之一百的芽诱导,从而产生了最多的芽产量。2000和3000勒克斯的光照强度促进了根系的形成。然而,2000勒克斯强度处理提供了最有利的生长条件,允许产生具有最大新鲜/干重的最大数量的最长根。在荧光灯下根的诱导率为100%,在蓝光Led下根的鲜重和干重最大,而红光Led处理诱导的根最长。
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引用次数: 3
Direct Shoot Bud Proliferation Protocol from Stevia rebaudiana Leaf Culture for Healthy Biomass Production 甜菊叶直接芽增殖技术在健康生物质生产中的应用
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2021-04-21 DOI: 10.21608/AGRO.2021.66749.1252
Ahmed Saad Attaya
AN EFFICIENT and simple regeneration protocol using leaf explants was described on MS medium in the presence of various plant growth regulators. After four weeks of culture, the highest induction of adventitious shoot buds from leaf culture (90%) was achieved on MS medium with 1.0mg/L BA. The largest number of shoot buds (3.02) per leaf explant with no callus formation was achieved on MS medium with 2.0mg/L BA. The best combination for the induction of numerous shoot buds was found to be TDZ + BA + IBA (0.5, 1.0, and 0.5mg/L, respectively), which presented 10.4 shoots per explant with 3.15cm in length. For in vitro root formation stage, Healthy shoots were collected and cultivated on a half-strength MS with various concentrations of NAA and IAA alone or in combination with 2,4-D or IBA. Furthermore, the highest roots (8.17) per shoot with root formation (100 %) was observed using a half-strength MS medium in the presence of 2.0mg/L IAA. Therefore, healthy in vitro rooted plantlets were acclimatized successfully after four weeks in the greenhouse.
在多种植物生长调节剂的作用下,利用叶片外植体在MS培养基上进行高效、简便的再生。培养4周后,在添加1.0mg/L BA的MS培养基上,叶片不定芽的诱导率最高(90%)。在BA浓度为2.0mg/L的MS培养基上,叶片外植体的芽数最多,为3.02个,且无愈伤组织形成。TDZ + BA + IBA(分别为0.5、1.0和0.5mg/L)是诱导芽数最多的最佳组合,每个外植体可产生10.4个芽,芽长3.15cm。在离体根形成阶段,采集健康苗,在不同浓度NAA和IAA单独或联合2,4- d或IBA的半强MS培养基上培养。在2.0mg/L IAA浓度为半强度的MS培养基中,每枝生根数最高,为8.17根,生根率为100%。因此,健康的离体生根植株在温室中培养4周后就能成功地适应环境。
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引用次数: 0
Response of Lentil to Crude Humates and Rhizobacteria Inoculation under Calcareous Soils Conditions 钙质土壤条件下小扁豆对粗腐殖质和根杆菌接种的响应
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2021-04-17 DOI: 10.21608/AGRO.2021.62856.1247
Y. El-Tahlawy, S. Hassanen
Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is one of the winter season pulse crops which has a considerable nutritive value for human beings present in their seeds which contains about 21–31% protein, 43.4–69.9% total carbohydrate, 0.7–4.3% fat, 5.0–26% fiber and 2.2–4.2% ash (Joshi et al., 2017). Furthermore, like any leguminous crop, lentil cultivation can share in the sustainable development of agroecosystems. Its cultivation has a vital role in nitrogen cycling because it can be fix biologically about 85% of its required nitrogen from the surrounding atmosphere 14.39% of nitrogen is drawn from soil source (Gan et al., 2016; Kabir et al., 2019). In Egypt, statistics showed that lentils’ production in 2017 was only 480 tonnes which was produced from 235 ha (≈ 580.7fed) harvested area (FAOSTAT, 2019).
扁豆(Lens culinaris Medik.)是一种冬季豆类作物,其种子中蛋白质含量约为21-31%,总碳水化合物含量为43.4-69.9%,脂肪含量为0.7-4.3%,纤维含量为5.0-26%,灰分含量为2.2-4.2%,对人类具有相当的营养价值(Joshi et al., 2017)。此外,像任何豆科作物一样,扁豆种植可以分享农业生态系统的可持续发展。它的种植在氮循环中起着至关重要的作用,因为它可以从周围大气中生物固定约85%的所需氮,14.39%的氮来自土壤源(Gan等人,2016;Kabir等人,2019)。在埃及,统计数据显示,2017年扁豆产量仅为480吨,来自235公顷(≈580.7公顷)的收获面积(粮农组织统计司,2019年)。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Salinity and Magnetically-Treated Saline Water on the Physiological and Agronomic Traits of Some Bread Wheat Genotypes 盐度和磁处理盐水对部分面包小麦基因型生理农艺性状的影响
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2021-04-11 DOI: 10.21608/AGRO.2021.64159.1250
A. Said, A. Mustafa, Alhosein Hamada
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引用次数: 1
Assessment of Wheat Genotypes for Quality Attributes Grown under Irrigated and Rainfed Conditions 水旱条件下小麦品质性状的基因型评价
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2021-04-08 DOI: 10.21608/AGRO.2021.51940.1241
M. Zubair, L. H. Akhtar, R. Minhas, Muhammad Umaid Bukhari, Sabir Hussain, I. Ali, M. Q. Mahmood, M. Rehman, Muhmmad Akram, R. Ullah
Muhammad Zubair(1)#, Lal Hussain Akhtar(1), Rashid Minhas(1), Muhammad Shahjahan Bukhari(1), Sabir Hussain(2), Imtiaz Ali(3), Muhammad Tariq Mahmood(4), Mashal Rehman(3), Muhmmad Imran Akram(1), Rahmat Ullah(1) (1)Agricultural Research Station, Bahawalpur, Pakistan; (2)Cotton Research Station, Bahawalpur, Pakistan; (3)Regional Agriculture Research Institute (RARI), Bahawalpur, Pakistan; (4)Gram Breeding Research Station, Kollerkot, Pakistan. Egypt. J. Agron. Vol. 43, No.1, pp. 97-104 (2021)
Muhammad Zubair(1)#、Lal Hussain Akhtar(1)、Rashid Minhas;(2) 巴基斯坦巴哈瓦尔布尔棉花研究站;(3) 区域农业研究所,巴基斯坦巴哈瓦尔布尔;(4) Gram育种研究站,巴基斯坦Kollerkot。埃及J.Agron。第43卷,第1期,第97-104页(2021)
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引用次数: 0
Prediction of New Genetic Recombination in Two Egyptian Cotton Crosses 两个埃及棉杂交新基因重组的预测
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2021-03-31 DOI: 10.21608/AGRO.2021.65016.1251
A. Abdelmoghny
Received 24/2/2021; Accepted 31/3/2021 DOI: 10.21608/agro.2021.65016.1251 ©2021 National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC) THE SUCCESS of cotton breeding programme depends upon the available information about genetic potential of various genotypes, genetic variability, and heritability. While, selection reduce variability in the next generation by increasing phenotypic mean performance. The maximum and minimum range in F2 was observed to be wider than in F3 generation. While, the phenotypic mean performance of F3 was higher than F2 for all traits. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant (P≤ 0.01) differences between F3families which revealed greater genetic variation between these families. The excepted genetic variance of F3 families was larger than environmental variance and average variance within F3 families. Also, the intra-class correlation was more than 0.95%. These results indicated that the variability between families was larger than within families and selection between families could be more efficient than within families. The additive genetic variance plays a major role in controlling all the studied traits among two cotton crosses and had partial degree of dominance. Selection differential and response to selection were found to be positive for all traits, except micronaire value among two cotton crosses. Cross II has higher prediction of new recombinant falling outside parental range and exceeding F1 hybrid than cross I for most studied traits. The study reveals that judicious selection leads to improve mean performance in next generation. The most promising families should evaluate in multilocations yield trials.
2021年2月24日收到;2021年3月31日接受DOI:10.21608/agr.2021.65016.1251©2021国家信息和文献中心棉花育种计划的成功取决于各种基因型的遗传潜力、遗传变异性和遗传力的可用信息。而选择通过增加表型平均表现来降低下一代的变异性。观察到F2代中的最大和最小范围比F3代中的更宽。而F3在所有性状上的表型平均表现均高于F2。方差分析显示F3家系之间存在高度显著性差异(P≤0.01),这表明这些家系之间的遗传变异更大。F3家系的异常遗传方差大于F3家系内的环境方差和平均方差。此外,类内相关性超过0.95%。这些结果表明,家系之间的变异性大于家系内部,家系间的选择可能比家系内部更有效。加性遗传方差在控制两个棉花杂交组合的所有研究性状中起主要作用,并具有部分显性。除了马克隆值外,两个棉花杂交组合的选择差异和对选择的反应对所有性状都是正的。在大多数研究的性状中,杂交组合II比杂交组合I对新的重组体落在亲本范围之外并超过F1杂交体的预测更高。研究表明,明智的选择可以提高下一代的平均表现。最有希望的家族应该在多位置产量试验中进行评估。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
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