Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.041
Donghee Kim, Hyungjun Ahn, K. Huh, Youngjae Lee
In this study, the co-combustion characteristics of coal and sewage sludge were investigated using 100 kWth bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) combustion system. Sub-bituminous coal (Coal), dried sewage sludge solid fuel (DSS), and hydrothermal carbonization sewage sludge solid fuel (HTCSS) were considered as fuel blends. The higher heating value of HTCSS was about 1,500 kcal/kg higher than that of DSS since the fuel ratio, H/C and O/C ratio were improved by the hydrothermal carbonization. The hardgrove grindability index (HGI) was performed to understand the feasibility of industrial applications. In the pilot-scale BFB experiment, the heat input, as 72 kWth, was fixed in all cases. The mixing ratios of HTCSS and DSS were 2, 5 and 10% respectively based on the higher heating value. Under the co-combustion conditions, the temperature in the reactor was increased in the freeboard zone due to the higher volatile matter of HTCSS and DSS than Coal. The trend of CO and NOx emissions was similar in all cases as mixing ratio was increased. However, SO2 emission was decreased in HTCSS co-combustion case due to the lower sulfur content compared to than that of DSS. Ash acquired after BFB combustion was analyzed by XRF to evaluate the slagging/fouling tendency. The variation of slagging/fouling tendency was minor in all cases.
{"title":"Experimental Study of Co-combustion Characteristics of Coal and Sewage Sludge Solid Fuel in Pilot-scale Bubbling Fluidized Bed","authors":"Donghee Kim, Hyungjun Ahn, K. Huh, Youngjae Lee","doi":"10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.041","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the co-combustion characteristics of coal and sewage sludge were investigated using 100 kWth bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) combustion system. Sub-bituminous coal (Coal), dried sewage sludge solid fuel (DSS), and hydrothermal carbonization sewage sludge solid fuel (HTCSS) were considered as fuel blends. The higher heating value of HTCSS was about 1,500 kcal/kg higher than that of DSS since the fuel ratio, H/C and O/C ratio were improved by the hydrothermal carbonization. The hardgrove grindability index (HGI) was performed to understand the feasibility of industrial applications. In the pilot-scale BFB experiment, the heat input, as 72 kWth, was fixed in all cases. The mixing ratios of HTCSS and DSS were 2, 5 and 10% respectively based on the higher heating value. Under the co-combustion conditions, the temperature in the reactor was increased in the freeboard zone due to the higher volatile matter of HTCSS and DSS than Coal. The trend of CO and NOx emissions was similar in all cases as mixing ratio was increased. However, SO2 emission was decreased in HTCSS co-combustion case due to the lower sulfur content compared to than that of DSS. Ash acquired after BFB combustion was analyzed by XRF to evaluate the slagging/fouling tendency. The variation of slagging/fouling tendency was minor in all cases.","PeriodicalId":42247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44484490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.001
Kim Yang-Ho, Seungyoon Kim, Jang-Sik Lee, Y. Kim, C. Jeon
An experimental study was performed to investigate the stabilization mechanism of inner flame in a double-flame cooktop burner. Several hypotheses were made on CO emission and unstable mechanisms, such as concentration and flow effects. Flow characteristics and flame structure were observed by PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) and OH PLIF (Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence) measurements respectively. We also could found that internal recirculation of exhausted gases and flow dynamics such as turbulent intensity, strain rate and vorticity were very important in stabilizing the inner flame. To design the high-efficiency and environment-friendly double cooktop burner, CO emission and thermal efficiency must be optimized under circumstances such as regulation limits, customer’s needs and so on.
{"title":"An Experimental Study on Improving Thermal Efficiency of a Double Cooktop Burner through Stabilization of Inner Burner","authors":"Kim Yang-Ho, Seungyoon Kim, Jang-Sik Lee, Y. Kim, C. Jeon","doi":"10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.001","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental study was performed to investigate the stabilization mechanism of inner flame in a double-flame cooktop burner. Several hypotheses were made on CO emission and unstable mechanisms, such as concentration and flow effects. Flow characteristics and flame structure were observed by PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) and OH PLIF (Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence) measurements respectively. We also could found that internal recirculation of exhausted gases and flow dynamics such as turbulent intensity, strain rate and vorticity were very important in stabilizing the inner flame. To design the high-efficiency and environment-friendly double cooktop burner, CO emission and thermal efficiency must be optimized under circumstances such as regulation limits, customer’s needs and so on.","PeriodicalId":42247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67351132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.009
Jeongun Park, M. Yoon, Daesik Kim
In this paper, one-dimensional thermoacoustic model based on the transfer matrix approach is developed for studying combustion instabilities in a gas turbine combustor. Two different transfer functions are introduced for the closed-loop feedback system analysis. One is acoustic transfer function, which is derived from the conservation equations such as mass, momentum, and energy for a given problem. The other is flame transfer function, which quantifies the heat release response in the combustor to the incoming velocity fluctuations. Combining the acoustic and flame transfer functions, one can analyze the combustion instability in the closed-loop system. The calculated thermoacoustic instability behavior using the current model matches well with the experimental results in the literature.
{"title":"Development of Thermoacoustic Network Model Using Transfer Matrix Method","authors":"Jeongun Park, M. Yoon, Daesik Kim","doi":"10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.009","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, one-dimensional thermoacoustic model based on the transfer matrix approach is developed for studying combustion instabilities in a gas turbine combustor. Two different transfer functions are introduced for the closed-loop feedback system analysis. One is acoustic transfer function, which is derived from the conservation equations such as mass, momentum, and energy for a given problem. The other is flame transfer function, which quantifies the heat release response in the combustor to the incoming velocity fluctuations. Combining the acoustic and flame transfer functions, one can analyze the combustion instability in the closed-loop system. The calculated thermoacoustic instability behavior using the current model matches well with the experimental results in the literature.","PeriodicalId":42247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43482835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.025
Chang-Eon Lee, Hohyun Yu, Tae-Moon Park, Hanjin Kim, Jungseong Lee, Kyungtaek Woo
This study presents an organized interconverting method between various pollutant units used in emission and regulation indexes. This method firstly converts some emission index into original index (mi/mf), and then it is converted to any indexes to be found using the interconverting factor (ICF) between these two indexes. For that purpose, information on the fuel composition and combustion conditions are required along with emission index. If we use the converted index expressed as measurement index (mg/m) under the same combustion condition, it is possible to grasp the quantitative relationship between various indexes. Also, using the total mass of pollutants makes it possible to judge the influence of the regulation index of various equipment on ambient particulate matter.
{"title":"Usability Consideration of Interconverted Emission Indexes Between Various Pollutant Index Units","authors":"Chang-Eon Lee, Hohyun Yu, Tae-Moon Park, Hanjin Kim, Jungseong Lee, Kyungtaek Woo","doi":"10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.025","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an organized interconverting method between various pollutant units used in emission and regulation indexes. This method firstly converts some emission index into original index (mi/mf), and then it is converted to any indexes to be found using the interconverting factor (ICF) between these two indexes. For that purpose, information on the fuel composition and combustion conditions are required along with emission index. If we use the converted index expressed as measurement index (mg/m) under the same combustion condition, it is possible to grasp the quantitative relationship between various indexes. Also, using the total mass of pollutants makes it possible to judge the influence of the regulation index of various equipment on ambient particulate matter.","PeriodicalId":42247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46054492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.017
Jiho Lee, Junhyeong Park, D. Han, Kyu Tae Kim
The nonlinear bifurcation behavior of two self-excited interacting swirl flames was investigated in a model lean-premixed gas turbine combustor. We examined the system’s thermoacoustic state using several time series analysis methods, including spectrograms, phase portraits, and recurrence plots. It was shown that the state of the system in response to the variation of the combustor length is influenced by the presence of multiple attractors, eventually leading to an extremely large amplitude limit cycle via a subcritical bifurcation.
{"title":"Subcritical Bifurcation of Two Self-Excited Interacting Swirl Flames","authors":"Jiho Lee, Junhyeong Park, D. Han, Kyu Tae Kim","doi":"10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.2.017","url":null,"abstract":"The nonlinear bifurcation behavior of two self-excited interacting swirl flames was investigated in a model lean-premixed gas turbine combustor. We examined the system’s thermoacoustic state using several time series analysis methods, including spectrograms, phase portraits, and recurrence plots. It was shown that the state of the system in response to the variation of the combustor length is influenced by the presence of multiple attractors, eventually leading to an extremely large amplitude limit cycle via a subcritical bifurcation.","PeriodicalId":42247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45887506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.046
G. Kim, Hyunseok You, C. Yoo, Jeong Park, S. Chung
The effects of non-thermal plasma (NTP) on lean-premixed swirl-stabilized flames have been experimentally investigated. The plasma is applied to the flames through the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) technique. The results show that the streamer applied by the non-thermal plasma extend the lean extinction limit by enhancing flame stability. The non-thermal plasma is also able to significantly decrease CO emission while NOx emission increase slightly due to increased flame temperatures. However, there are an optimal range in equivalence ratio (), i.e. ≤5 ppm for CO emission and ≤15 ppm for NOx at 0.550≤≤0.575, leading to extension of lean operation limits. These results indicate that applying non-thermal plasma on swirled premixed flames ought to be a useful tool for reduction in CO and NOx emissions simultaneously by high streamer.
{"title":"Extension of Lean Operation and Extinction Limit of Premixed Flame Applying Non-Thermal Plasma","authors":"G. Kim, Hyunseok You, C. Yoo, Jeong Park, S. Chung","doi":"10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.046","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of non-thermal plasma (NTP) on lean-premixed swirl-stabilized flames have been experimentally investigated. The plasma is applied to the flames through the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) technique. The results show that the streamer applied by the non-thermal plasma extend the lean extinction limit by enhancing flame stability. The non-thermal plasma is also able to significantly decrease CO emission while NOx emission increase slightly due to increased flame temperatures. However, there are an optimal range in equivalence ratio (), i.e. ≤5 ppm for CO emission and ≤15 ppm for NOx at 0.550≤≤0.575, leading to extension of lean operation limits. These results indicate that applying non-thermal plasma on swirled premixed flames ought to be a useful tool for reduction in CO and NOx emissions simultaneously by high streamer.","PeriodicalId":42247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47274536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.032
Yuan-guang Wang, C. Sohn
Factors affecting the combustion characteristics of gas-centered swirl coaxial (GCSC) injectors are investigated numerically and experimentally. The factors are fuel volume flow rate (Qf), momentum flux ratio (MFR) and oxidizer/fuel (O/F) ratio. Firstly, the flame pattern becomes asymmetric as the fuel volume flow rate increases with a fixed momentum flux ratio. Then, the suitable fuel volume flow rate is selected according to the results. Next, the momentum flux ratio is increased by increasing the oxidizer volume flow rate (Qo) with a fixed fuel volume flow rate. Results show that the spreading angle decreases as momentum flux ratio increases, which agrees with our previous results. Finally, in order to check effects of oxidizer/fuel ratio, the Qf, Qo, and MFR are kept the same but the O2 mole fraction of oxidizer is changed. From numerical and experimental results, it is found that flame pattern depends on oxidizer/fuel ratio and spreading angle increases as the O2 mole fraction decreases.
{"title":"A Study on Factors Affecting Combustion Characteristics of GCSC Injector","authors":"Yuan-guang Wang, C. Sohn","doi":"10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.032","url":null,"abstract":"Factors affecting the combustion characteristics of gas-centered swirl coaxial (GCSC) injectors are investigated numerically and experimentally. The factors are fuel volume flow rate (Qf), momentum flux ratio (MFR) and oxidizer/fuel (O/F) ratio. Firstly, the flame pattern becomes asymmetric as the fuel volume flow rate increases with a fixed momentum flux ratio. Then, the suitable fuel volume flow rate is selected according to the results. Next, the momentum flux ratio is increased by increasing the oxidizer volume flow rate (Qo) with a fixed fuel volume flow rate. Results show that the spreading angle decreases as momentum flux ratio increases, which agrees with our previous results. Finally, in order to check effects of oxidizer/fuel ratio, the Qf, Qo, and MFR are kept the same but the O2 mole fraction of oxidizer is changed. From numerical and experimental results, it is found that flame pattern depends on oxidizer/fuel ratio and spreading angle increases as the O2 mole fraction decreases.","PeriodicalId":42247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43464232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.001
Suhyeon Oh, Jeong Park, O. Kwon, Sewon Kim, S. Chung
Characteristics of laminar lifted flames in coflow-jet of propane with helium-diluted coflowing air have been studied experimentally and numerically. Two distinct self-excitations existed: a buoyancy-driven self-excitation and a self-excitation with capsized flame near flame extinction. In particular, the flame dynamics for the latter flame were related to buoyancy effects caused by the difference in the densities between the fuel and coflow streams. To identify the mechanism of capsized flame, Mie-scattering technique, OH radical and numerical simulation of cold and reacting flow were performed.
{"title":"Flame Behaviors Near Extinction Limit in Laminar Lifted Coflow-Jet Flames","authors":"Suhyeon Oh, Jeong Park, O. Kwon, Sewon Kim, S. Chung","doi":"10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"Characteristics of laminar lifted flames in coflow-jet of propane with helium-diluted coflowing air have been studied experimentally and numerically. Two distinct self-excitations existed: a buoyancy-driven self-excitation and a self-excitation with capsized flame near flame extinction. In particular, the flame dynamics for the latter flame were related to buoyancy effects caused by the difference in the densities between the fuel and coflow streams. To identify the mechanism of capsized flame, Mie-scattering technique, OH radical and numerical simulation of cold and reacting flow were performed.","PeriodicalId":42247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43641705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.007
Yoocheon Kim
The decomposition process of typical energetic material (EM) may consist of thousands of individual reactions as well as many intermediate species. However, one-step decomposition kinetics is routinely utilized for prediction of the shelf life of EMs. The inclusion of detailed multi-step chemistry in the kinetic mechanism can improve the reliability of the lifetime prediction. This study proposes a novel procedure for lifetime prediction of EMs, which adopts isoconversional kinetics to represent the decomposition reaction scheme. The pertinent EMs considered in the study include 97.5% cyclotrimethylene-trnitramine (RDX), 95% cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX), and boron potassium nitrate (BPN). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was utilized for extracting the said isoconversional kinetics complemented by experimental validation of the proposed chemical kinetics through a comparison of the numerical lifetime predictions with accelerated aging experiment measurements.
{"title":"Aging Effect Prediction of Energetic Materials Using Isoconversional Technique","authors":"Yoocheon Kim","doi":"10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.007","url":null,"abstract":"The decomposition process of typical energetic material (EM) may consist of thousands of individual reactions as well as many intermediate species. However, one-step decomposition kinetics is routinely utilized for prediction of the shelf life of EMs. The inclusion of detailed multi-step chemistry in the kinetic mechanism can improve the reliability of the lifetime prediction. This study proposes a novel procedure for lifetime prediction of EMs, which adopts isoconversional kinetics to represent the decomposition reaction scheme. The pertinent EMs considered in the study include 97.5% cyclotrimethylene-trnitramine (RDX), 95% cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX), and boron potassium nitrate (BPN). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was utilized for extracting the said isoconversional kinetics complemented by experimental validation of the proposed chemical kinetics through a comparison of the numerical lifetime predictions with accelerated aging experiment measurements.","PeriodicalId":42247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46783557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.025
G. Lee, Young Soo Kim
An experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of bumped radiation plate on CO emission characteristics. Several assumptions were made, especially curvature effect, on CO emission mechanisms. Flow characteristics and flame structure were observed by PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) and C2 radical intensity measurements respectively. We also could found that the angle of radiation plate and bump’s size, relative position to the nozzle tip would affect to the CO emissions. To design the broil burner, CO emission and heat flux characteristics must be optimized under circumstances such as regulation limits.
{"title":"An Experimental Study on CO Emission and Flame Structure in a Partially Premixed Broil Burner with Bumped Radiation Plate","authors":"G. Lee, Young Soo Kim","doi":"10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15231/JKSC.2019.24.1.025","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of bumped radiation plate on CO emission characteristics. Several assumptions were made, especially curvature effect, on CO emission mechanisms. Flow characteristics and flame structure were observed by PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) and C2 radical intensity measurements respectively. We also could found that the angle of radiation plate and bump’s size, relative position to the nozzle tip would affect to the CO emissions. To design the broil burner, CO emission and heat flux characteristics must be optimized under circumstances such as regulation limits.","PeriodicalId":42247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42579588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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