Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJSA.2020.10034757
F. T. Aydogdu, M. Z. Yilmazoglu
Life on Mars has been a great source of motivation for human beings in recent years. Although this motivation has different reasons, human beings will achieve a sustainable life on Mars. The idea of establishing a colony on Mars will be possible by offering a suitable and sustainable life to the pioneers. In this study, a structure as a living module was designed and CO2, which is produced by metabolic activities, distribution all over the module is examined. For the CO2 distribution analysis, ANSYS Fluent software is used and it is assumed that the pressure for the indoor environment would be 60% of the Earth's sea-level pressure. In these environmental conditions, where gravity is thought to be minimal, it is intended to prevent the accumulation of carbon dioxide near the faces of the crewmembers and to distribute oxygen uniformly with a reasonable velocity and flow rate into the breathing zone.
{"title":"Investigation of ventilation in a living module designed for manned mission to Mars","authors":"F. T. Aydogdu, M. Z. Yilmazoglu","doi":"10.1504/IJSA.2020.10034757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSA.2020.10034757","url":null,"abstract":"Life on Mars has been a great source of motivation for human beings in recent years. Although this motivation has different reasons, human beings will achieve a sustainable life on Mars. The idea of establishing a colony on Mars will be possible by offering a suitable and sustainable life to the pioneers. In this study, a structure as a living module was designed and CO2, which is produced by metabolic activities, distribution all over the module is examined. For the CO2 distribution analysis, ANSYS Fluent software is used and it is assumed that the pressure for the indoor environment would be 60% of the Earth's sea-level pressure. In these environmental conditions, where gravity is thought to be minimal, it is intended to prevent the accumulation of carbon dioxide near the faces of the crewmembers and to distribute oxygen uniformly with a reasonable velocity and flow rate into the breathing zone.","PeriodicalId":42251,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Aviation","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66710762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijsa.2020.10031805
Emrah Konuralp
{"title":"Between neoliberal appetence and environmentalist reservations: the political economy of sustainable aviation","authors":"Emrah Konuralp","doi":"10.1504/ijsa.2020.10031805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsa.2020.10031805","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42251,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Aviation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66710605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijsa.2020.10031801
Batuhan Balli, U. Ozdemir
{"title":"Examining the factors affecting safety culture in approved training organisations","authors":"Batuhan Balli, U. Ozdemir","doi":"10.1504/ijsa.2020.10031801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsa.2020.10031801","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42251,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Aviation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66710529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijsa.2020.10034603
D. Lentini, H. Tacca
The growth of air traffic implies an increase of emissions (greenhouse and ozone depleting gases) from the global air fleet. Innovative solutions are therefore urgently required. Among them, electric aviation is the object of much current interest. The present paper discusses the accompanying opportunities as well as challenges, with a focus on costs and operability. In order to take full advantage of electric propulsion, dedicated airframes are indicated, featuring boundary layer ingestion, distributed propulsion and other elements. Different options for electric propulsion are reviewed, and their pros and cons highlighted. In particular, all electric aircrafts suffer from severe range limitations, turbo electric aircrafts become appealing only if fed with liquid hydrogen (with the accompanying problems), while hybrid-electric aircrafts can lead to a somewhat reduced wing area (then weight). Other economical and operational issues are also considered, including cost per kWh (however shown to be a misleading indicator) and that per unit payload mass, maintenance, sources of electric energy for recharge.
{"title":"Opportunities and challenges for electric propulsion of airliners","authors":"D. Lentini, H. Tacca","doi":"10.1504/ijsa.2020.10034603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsa.2020.10034603","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of air traffic implies an increase of emissions (greenhouse and ozone depleting gases) from the global air fleet. Innovative solutions are therefore urgently required. Among them, electric aviation is the object of much current interest. The present paper discusses the accompanying opportunities as well as challenges, with a focus on costs and operability. In order to take full advantage of electric propulsion, dedicated airframes are indicated, featuring boundary layer ingestion, distributed propulsion and other elements. Different options for electric propulsion are reviewed, and their pros and cons highlighted. In particular, all electric aircrafts suffer from severe range limitations, turbo electric aircrafts become appealing only if fed with liquid hydrogen (with the accompanying problems), while hybrid-electric aircrafts can lead to a somewhat reduced wing area (then weight). Other economical and operational issues are also considered, including cost per kWh (however shown to be a misleading indicator) and that per unit payload mass, maintenance, sources of electric energy for recharge.","PeriodicalId":42251,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Aviation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66710677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJSA.2020.10034756
Ünal Battal, Levent Polat
In 2017 and 2018, Turkish Airlines (THY) expanded its business area by establishing three new companies with different areas of activities. In this study, the aim is to define business models of the airlines and evaluate the effects of Turkish Airlines innovations on its stock prices and market value using the event study method. Daily stock returns of THY in an event window, which is based on establishment statements of three new companies is examined and abnormal returns are found to see the effects of new companies on THY's market value. The results showed that, THY stocks only responded significantly to the statement about the establishment of the airport real estate investment company. From this situation it is understood that the event study method alone is not sufficient for that kind of research. However, changes in stock prices may not be solely the result of an event or statement.
{"title":"Airline business model innovations and their effects on company value for airline sustainability: event study on Turkish Airlines","authors":"Ünal Battal, Levent Polat","doi":"10.1504/IJSA.2020.10034756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSA.2020.10034756","url":null,"abstract":"In 2017 and 2018, Turkish Airlines (THY) expanded its business area by establishing three new companies with different areas of activities. In this study, the aim is to define business models of the airlines and evaluate the effects of Turkish Airlines innovations on its stock prices and market value using the event study method. Daily stock returns of THY in an event window, which is based on establishment statements of three new companies is examined and abnormal returns are found to see the effects of new companies on THY's market value. The results showed that, THY stocks only responded significantly to the statement about the establishment of the airport real estate investment company. From this situation it is understood that the event study method alone is not sufficient for that kind of research. However, changes in stock prices may not be solely the result of an event or statement.","PeriodicalId":42251,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Aviation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66710750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-05DOI: 10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025180
D. Yadav, Maryil O. Goriet
General aviation industry is important in promoting national and global economy. However, in China the industry is still underdeveloped, but it has a huge potential for growth. This paper outlines a research framework for a qualitative survey to identify various issues and difficulties encountered in development and operations of general aviation industry in China. A study for technical development of general aviation (GA) industry in Liaoning province of China has been carried out after performing a focused group survey and field data collection in order to analyse issues affecting GA industry in China. Primarily, it has been observed that military control of airspace and lack of qualified aviation professionals impedes the growth of this section of the aviation industry in this country. The study primarily clarifies GA situation in China and factors affecting growth of the industry are examined. It also proposes a possibility of developing in-house aircraft maintenance facilities to promote growth of the industry in regional areas of the country.
{"title":"A study of flight operational challenges encountered by general aviation industry in China","authors":"D. Yadav, Maryil O. Goriet","doi":"10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025180","url":null,"abstract":"General aviation industry is important in promoting national and global economy. However, in China the industry is still underdeveloped, but it has a huge potential for growth. This paper outlines a research framework for a qualitative survey to identify various issues and difficulties encountered in development and operations of general aviation industry in China. A study for technical development of general aviation (GA) industry in Liaoning province of China has been carried out after performing a focused group survey and field data collection in order to analyse issues affecting GA industry in China. Primarily, it has been observed that military control of airspace and lack of qualified aviation professionals impedes the growth of this section of the aviation industry in this country. The study primarily clarifies GA situation in China and factors affecting growth of the industry are examined. It also proposes a possibility of developing in-house aircraft maintenance facilities to promote growth of the industry in regional areas of the country.","PeriodicalId":42251,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Aviation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41528453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-05DOI: 10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025187
A. Yakovlieva, S. Boichenko, K. Lejda
Jet engine operation parameters using conventional and alternative jet fuels, obtained by blending with plant oil bio-additives, during bench tests were evaluated. Jet fuels were tested and compared in conditions of engine operation. It was determined that using alternative jet fuels improves jet engine thrust characteristics and reduces fuel flow. These provide more energy efficient operation of jet engine. Using alternative jet fuels results in reduction of gas temperature in the jet pipe. This contributes to durability of materials and structure of the engine against high temperature, as well as reducing of NOx emissions. The results of the study show that operational parameters of the jet engine powered with new alternative jet fuels completely satisfy exploitation norms set in specification for tested engine. Alternative jet fuels, proposed in the study, may be used as a working body of the jet engine without a need of making changes in its design.
{"title":"Evaluation of jet engine operation parameters using conventional and alternative jet fuels","authors":"A. Yakovlieva, S. Boichenko, K. Lejda","doi":"10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025187","url":null,"abstract":"Jet engine operation parameters using conventional and alternative jet fuels, obtained by blending with plant oil bio-additives, during bench tests were evaluated. Jet fuels were tested and compared in conditions of engine operation. It was determined that using alternative jet fuels improves jet engine thrust characteristics and reduces fuel flow. These provide more energy efficient operation of jet engine. Using alternative jet fuels results in reduction of gas temperature in the jet pipe. This contributes to durability of materials and structure of the engine against high temperature, as well as reducing of NOx emissions. The results of the study show that operational parameters of the jet engine powered with new alternative jet fuels completely satisfy exploitation norms set in specification for tested engine. Alternative jet fuels, proposed in the study, may be used as a working body of the jet engine without a need of making changes in its design.","PeriodicalId":42251,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Aviation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44396328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-05DOI: 10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025183
J. Rohács, D. Rohács
Developing more electric, hybrid, and full electric aircraft became one of the most important research directions today. The available and emerging technologies, mainly due to the low specific energy of batteries, have not yet allowed the development of full electric aircraft with performance similar to existing conventional ones. This paper deals with the adaptation of conceptual design methodologies to electric/hybrid aircraft development. It introduces the analysis of energy fractions of flight mission stages into the conceptual design, the definition of extra constraints for optimisation, and the implementation of the hybridisation factor and power split. The applicability of the adapted method is demonstrated through the development case studies of a full electric small aircraft and a cargo hybrid UAV.
{"title":"Conceptual design method adapted to electric/hybrid aircraft developments","authors":"J. Rohács, D. Rohács","doi":"10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025183","url":null,"abstract":"Developing more electric, hybrid, and full electric aircraft became one of the most important research directions today. The available and emerging technologies, mainly due to the low specific energy of batteries, have not yet allowed the development of full electric aircraft with performance similar to existing conventional ones. This paper deals with the adaptation of conceptual design methodologies to electric/hybrid aircraft development. It introduces the analysis of energy fractions of flight mission stages into the conceptual design, the definition of extra constraints for optimisation, and the implementation of the hybridisation factor and power split. The applicability of the adapted method is demonstrated through the development case studies of a full electric small aircraft and a cargo hybrid UAV.","PeriodicalId":42251,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Aviation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42935937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-05DOI: 10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025186
Bahri Baran Koçak, Ozlem Atalik
In the airline market, it is crucial for airline industry to determine the experiences, expectations and perceptions of passengers in order to apply positioning strategies on brands. In this study, we used 15,864 Turkish tweets sent to the official airline Twitter pages based in Turkey between 1st June and 1st September 2017. Then, we applied aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) with supervised machine learning approach to classify tweets into airline service categories and sentiment polarity. Lastly, multidimensional scaling (MDS) employed to build perceptual maps of airline services for different periods. This study aims to explore how tweets reflect airline service quality attributes in perceptual maps for selected periods in Turkey. Our analysis shows that the perceptual positions of services change per period, which means that Twitter users perceived each service differently in each period. In terms of the importance of airline service quality attributes website services, convenience of flight, and in-flight entertainment were the most critical disparities perceived by users compared to other attributes considering in the periods being examined.
{"title":"Perceptual maps of Turkish airline services for different periods using supervised machine learning approach and multidimensional scaling","authors":"Bahri Baran Koçak, Ozlem Atalik","doi":"10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025186","url":null,"abstract":"In the airline market, it is crucial for airline industry to determine the experiences, expectations and perceptions of passengers in order to apply positioning strategies on brands. In this study, we used 15,864 Turkish tweets sent to the official airline Twitter pages based in Turkey between 1st June and 1st September 2017. Then, we applied aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) with supervised machine learning approach to classify tweets into airline service categories and sentiment polarity. Lastly, multidimensional scaling (MDS) employed to build perceptual maps of airline services for different periods. This study aims to explore how tweets reflect airline service quality attributes in perceptual maps for selected periods in Turkey. Our analysis shows that the perceptual positions of services change per period, which means that Twitter users perceived each service differently in each period. In terms of the importance of airline service quality attributes website services, convenience of flight, and in-flight entertainment were the most critical disparities perceived by users compared to other attributes considering in the periods being examined.","PeriodicalId":42251,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Aviation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44630789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-05DOI: 10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025185
S. Winter, J. Thropp, S. Rice
Environmental sustainability remains a focal point of current research in the aviation industry. The purpose of the current study was to create four statistical models which could predict the types of factors that would indicate a consumer's support for the use of sustainable products in the aviation industry. Four models were proposed: overall support for sustainability in aviation, support for the use of aviation biofuels, support of sustainable construction materials in aviation, and support of sustainable aviation manufacturing. The study used an overall sample of 514 participants who were randomly divided into two separate datasets. The first dataset was used to produce the regression equations and the second dataset was used to assess model fit. The results produced four valid models with the amount of variance explained ranging from 29.0% to 41.1%. Perceived value of sustainability was found to be a significant predictor in all four models.
{"title":"What factors predict a consumer's support of environmental sustainability in aviation A multi-model analysis","authors":"S. Winter, J. Thropp, S. Rice","doi":"10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsa.2019.10025185","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental sustainability remains a focal point of current research in the aviation industry. The purpose of the current study was to create four statistical models which could predict the types of factors that would indicate a consumer's support for the use of sustainable products in the aviation industry. Four models were proposed: overall support for sustainability in aviation, support for the use of aviation biofuels, support of sustainable construction materials in aviation, and support of sustainable aviation manufacturing. The study used an overall sample of 514 participants who were randomly divided into two separate datasets. The first dataset was used to produce the regression equations and the second dataset was used to assess model fit. The results produced four valid models with the amount of variance explained ranging from 29.0% to 41.1%. Perceived value of sustainability was found to be a significant predictor in all four models.","PeriodicalId":42251,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Aviation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44305594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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