M. Hou, B. Feng, Jian Zhang, Y. She, Zhong-Lu Mi, TienJie Chen
A theory for calculating the spin–rotation coupling coefficient in alkali-metal–noble-gas van der Waals molecules was recently presented.1 It assumes the spin–rotation interaction in alkali-metal–noble-gas molecules to be mainly due to the spin–orbit interaction of the alkali-metal valence electron within the core of the noble gas, and predicts that the spin–rotation constant γ should depend on the spin–orbit interaction in the noble gas and be almost independent of the spin–orbit interaction of the alkali-metal atom. Experimentally, only a few of the possible pairs of the different alkali-metal atoms with different noble-gas atoms have been investigated. By measuring the sodium spin relaxation rate as a function of the helium buffer-gas pressure and the width of the sodium magnetic slowing-down curve, we report in this paper our experimentally determined value of the spin–rotation interaction constant in Na–Xe molecules γ = (1.1 ± 0.3)MHz. The measured value is nearly the same as was measured in K–Xe, Rb–Xe, and Cs–Xe.1 This result shows a reasonable agreement with the theoretical prediction.
{"title":"Experimental determination of the spin-rotation coupling in Na-Xe molecules","authors":"M. Hou, B. Feng, Jian Zhang, Y. She, Zhong-Lu Mi, TienJie Chen","doi":"10.1063/1.36771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36771","url":null,"abstract":"A theory for calculating the spin–rotation coupling coefficient in alkali-metal–noble-gas van der Waals molecules was recently presented.1 It assumes the spin–rotation interaction in alkali-metal–noble-gas molecules to be mainly due to the spin–orbit interaction of the alkali-metal valence electron within the core of the noble gas, and predicts that the spin–rotation constant γ should depend on the spin–orbit interaction in the noble gas and be almost independent of the spin–orbit interaction of the alkali-metal atom. Experimentally, only a few of the possible pairs of the different alkali-metal atoms with different noble-gas atoms have been investigated. By measuring the sodium spin relaxation rate as a function of the helium buffer-gas pressure and the width of the sodium magnetic slowing-down curve, we report in this paper our experimentally determined value of the spin–rotation interaction constant in Na–Xe molecules γ = (1.1 ± 0.3)MHz. The measured value is nearly the same as was measured in K–Xe, Rb–Xe, and Cs–Xe.1 This result shows a reasonable agreement with the theoretical prediction.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"21 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120815189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We discuss the possibility of exploiting the dynamic electron-nucleus interaction in order to form a nuclear population inversion in a short-lifetime excited state. We first review the situation in terms of dynamic hyperfine mixing between the nucleus and electron single-particle states. Then we treat the subject of nonlinear collective electron motion. We present results for the calculation of electron photoabsorption cross sections by the time-dependent Thomas-Fermi-Dirac-Weizsacker method1 as well as for the coupling of the resulting electron excitations to the nucleus. We also discuss the problem of premature ionization of the atoms involved.
{"title":"Nuclear interlevel transfer driven by collective outer shell electron oscillation","authors":"G. Rinker, J. Solem, L. Biedenharn","doi":"10.1063/1.36810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36810","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the possibility of exploiting the dynamic electron-nucleus interaction in order to form a nuclear population inversion in a short-lifetime excited state. We first review the situation in terms of dynamic hyperfine mixing between the nucleus and electron single-particle states. Then we treat the subject of nonlinear collective electron motion. We present results for the calculation of electron photoabsorption cross sections by the time-dependent Thomas-Fermi-Dirac-Weizsacker method1 as well as for the coupling of the resulting electron excitations to the nucleus. We also discuss the problem of premature ionization of the atoms involved.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125705424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Single glass fibers whose diameter-to-wavelength ratio is large, for example, d/λ = 50, strongly focus normally incident laser light to give greatly enhanced intensities both within and in the near field of the fiber, even when the fiber is not at resonance. Calculated results show the dependence of the enhancement on the diameter-to-wavelength ratio and on the fiber index of refraction. Measured results confirm the calculated spatial distribution of the intensity. Even greater enhancements are observed for spherical particles. The near-field intensity for a single fiber is greatly modified when a second fiber is moved into its near field. Calculations of the near-field intensities for two coupled fibers have been made using the addition theorem and the iterative approach of Olaofe.1 The results provide insight into the coupling mechanism, especially the dependence of the coupling on the fiber separation and on the orientation of the two fibers relative to the incident wave. Measured results for a glass fiber in front of a mirror confirm the major features of the calculated results.
{"title":"Near-field light scattering by parallel glass fibers","authors":"D. Benincasa, T. Tsuei, P. Barber","doi":"10.1063/1.36813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36813","url":null,"abstract":"Single glass fibers whose diameter-to-wavelength ratio is large, for example, d/λ = 50, strongly focus normally incident laser light to give greatly enhanced intensities both within and in the near field of the fiber, even when the fiber is not at resonance. Calculated results show the dependence of the enhancement on the diameter-to-wavelength ratio and on the fiber index of refraction. Measured results confirm the calculated spatial distribution of the intensity. Even greater enhancements are observed for spherical particles. The near-field intensity for a single fiber is greatly modified when a second fiber is moved into its near field. Calculations of the near-field intensities for two coupled fibers have been made using the addition theorem and the iterative approach of Olaofe.1 The results provide insight into the coupling mechanism, especially the dependence of the coupling on the fiber separation and on the orientation of the two fibers relative to the incident wave. Measured results for a glass fiber in front of a mirror confirm the major features of the calculated results.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124776965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Haley, T. Collier, T. Mattioli, D. Thibodeau, J. Koningstein
If dry chlorophyll a is dissolved in dry nonpolar solvents, aggregation takes place and the degree of aggregation depends on the con centration of this large molecule. The pulsed laser-induced Raman spectrum of such solutions contains contributions from many species, including scattering from excited states in case the laser wavelength is in resonance with the Soret band. At resonance, the Raman intensities experience changes but the presence of close-lying short-lived excited states causes sharp interferences. They occur over a range of 50 cm-1 in the Soret band having a width of ~500 cm-1. Such patterns are fingerprints for such complicated molecules. Temporal aspects due to excited state Raman scattering also influence these profiles. Besides results on chlorophyll a in solution, we also show such interferences for electronic Raman scattering and discuss differences between the electronic and vibrational scattering processes.
{"title":"Interferences in the Raman excitation profile for the intensity of normal modes of aggregated chlorophyll a","authors":"L. Haley, T. Collier, T. Mattioli, D. Thibodeau, J. Koningstein","doi":"10.1063/1.36821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36821","url":null,"abstract":"If dry chlorophyll a is dissolved in dry nonpolar solvents, aggregation takes place and the degree of aggregation depends on the con centration of this large molecule. The pulsed laser-induced Raman spectrum of such solutions contains contributions from many species, including scattering from excited states in case the laser wavelength is in resonance with the Soret band. At resonance, the Raman intensities experience changes but the presence of close-lying short-lived excited states causes sharp interferences. They occur over a range of 50 cm-1 in the Soret band having a width of ~500 cm-1. Such patterns are fingerprints for such complicated molecules. Temporal aspects due to excited state Raman scattering also influence these profiles. Besides results on chlorophyll a in solution, we also show such interferences for electronic Raman scattering and discuss differences between the electronic and vibrational scattering processes.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129513038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Free radicals often exhibit complex optical spectra. Dopplerfree laser spectroscopy is the appropriate tool in many cases, but its limitations may be reached already when the fine and hyperfine structure of a heavy diatomic is to be analyzed. Double resonance techniques help to simplify dense spectra and to assign lines. If microwave radiation is used in addition to a single frequency laser, small energy splittings in individual electronic states can be investigated independently. The recently developed microwave optical polarization spectroscopy (MOPS)1 has proved to offer the necessary high resolution and the sensitivity needed to study chemically unstable species at low concentrations. If a beam of the species can be produced, ground state level splittings and shifts in external fields can be measured with 10-kHz accuracy by using the molecular beam laser-microwave double resonance technique.2 The power of these methods has been demonstrated in applications to alkaline earth monohalide radicals. Local perturbations in excited states were revealed and details of the electronic structure could be derived from hyperfine structure and Stark effect measurements.
{"title":"Double resonance techniques for high resolution spectroscopy of unstable molecules","authors":"W. Ernst","doi":"10.1063/1.36767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36767","url":null,"abstract":"Free radicals often exhibit complex optical spectra. Dopplerfree laser spectroscopy is the appropriate tool in many cases, but its limitations may be reached already when the fine and hyperfine structure of a heavy diatomic is to be analyzed. Double resonance techniques help to simplify dense spectra and to assign lines. If microwave radiation is used in addition to a single frequency laser, small energy splittings in individual electronic states can be investigated independently. The recently developed microwave optical polarization spectroscopy (MOPS)1 has proved to offer the necessary high resolution and the sensitivity needed to study chemically unstable species at low concentrations. If a beam of the species can be produced, ground state level splittings and shifts in external fields can be measured with 10-kHz accuracy by using the molecular beam laser-microwave double resonance technique.2 The power of these methods has been demonstrated in applications to alkaline earth monohalide radicals. Local perturbations in excited states were revealed and details of the electronic structure could be derived from hyperfine structure and Stark effect measurements.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122193413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new hollow cathode He–Cd+ laser—an improvement of the flute type—was investigated experimentally. Using wideband mirrors, the 194-mW simultaneous oscillation power output was obtained within the visible light range; red lines (635.5,636.0 nm), green lines (533.7,537.8 nm), and a blue line (441.6 nm), at 2-A anode current. Conversion efficiency of 0.032% was obtained. The laser tube is provided with 20 anodes on the upper side at 3-cm intervals and a cathode having an effective activated length of 61 cm. The diameter of the bore is 4 mm. Cadmium reservoirs are provided in the middle of each anode on the lower opposite side. The cathode is made of pure iron. By virtue of close contact between the cathode and the Pyrex glass envelope, the glow is condensed within the cathode bore, resulting in high efficiency. With this construction, sputtered material in the bore may quickly be exhausted out of the bore, keeping the inside of the bore clean; moreover the uniform arrangement of cadmium reservoirs over the whole length of the cathode contributes to high efficiency and stability.
{"title":"High power He–Cd+ white light laser","authors":"A. Fuke, K. Masuda, Y. Tokita","doi":"10.1002/ECJB.4420710903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ECJB.4420710903","url":null,"abstract":"A new hollow cathode He–Cd+ laser—an improvement of the flute type—was investigated experimentally. Using wideband mirrors, the 194-mW simultaneous oscillation power output was obtained within the visible light range; red lines (635.5,636.0 nm), green lines (533.7,537.8 nm), and a blue line (441.6 nm), at 2-A anode current. Conversion efficiency of 0.032% was obtained. The laser tube is provided with 20 anodes on the upper side at 3-cm intervals and a cathode having an effective activated length of 61 cm. The diameter of the bore is 4 mm. Cadmium reservoirs are provided in the middle of each anode on the lower opposite side. The cathode is made of pure iron. By virtue of close contact between the cathode and the Pyrex glass envelope, the glow is condensed within the cathode bore, resulting in high efficiency. With this construction, sputtered material in the bore may quickly be exhausted out of the bore, keeping the inside of the bore clean; moreover the uniform arrangement of cadmium reservoirs over the whole length of the cathode contributes to high efficiency and stability.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121188894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Just within the liquid-air interface of micrometer-size droplets, the internal field at the incident wavelength is enhanced and efficient optical feedback is provided for the internally generated inelastic radiation. At specific discrete wavelengths corresponding to morphology-dependent resonances of a droplet (e.g., a sphere or spheroid), the droplet can be envisioned as a spherical Fabry-Perot for two internally generated waves counterpropagating around the circumference and experiencing gain when these waves pass through the localized regions of the incident pump wave. Examples are presented of laser emission from dye-containing ethanol and ethylene glycol droplets and of stimulated Raman emission from CCl4 and water droplets (with or without anions such as NO 3 − ; and SO 4 2 − ). Examples of asymmetrically broadened spectra of the stimulated emission caused by intensity-dependent index of refraction modulation are given. At higher pumping levels, laser-induced plume ejection and avalanche breakdown giving rise to continuum and discrete atomic emission have been observed. Photographs of individual droplets which have achieved lasing, stimulated Raman oscillation, and avalanche breakdown thresh-olds are shown.
{"title":"Micrometer-size droplets as optical cavities: lasing and other nonlinear effects","authors":"R. Chang","doi":"10.1063/1.36750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36750","url":null,"abstract":"Just within the liquid-air interface of micrometer-size droplets, the internal field at the incident wavelength is enhanced and efficient optical feedback is provided for the internally generated inelastic radiation. At specific discrete wavelengths corresponding to morphology-dependent resonances of a droplet (e.g., a sphere or spheroid), the droplet can be envisioned as a spherical Fabry-Perot for two internally generated waves counterpropagating around the circumference and experiencing gain when these waves pass through the localized regions of the incident pump wave. Examples are presented of laser emission from dye-containing ethanol and ethylene glycol droplets and of stimulated Raman emission from CCl4 and water droplets (with or without anions such as \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 NO\u0000 \u0000 3\u0000 −\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ; and \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 SO\u0000 \u0000 4\u0000 \u0000 2\u0000 −\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ). Examples of asymmetrically broadened spectra of the stimulated emission caused by intensity-dependent index of refraction modulation are given. At higher pumping levels, laser-induced plume ejection and avalanche breakdown giving rise to continuum and discrete atomic emission have been observed. Photographs of individual droplets which have achieved lasing, stimulated Raman oscillation, and avalanche breakdown thresh-olds are shown.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132787528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For pulses shorter than 1 ps, only indirect methods can be used. Besides conventional second-order autocorrelations and the detection of the pulse-bandwidth product, two interferometric techniques have been proposed: fringe resolved second-order autocorrelation (FRACF) and linear autocorrelation (LA), i.e., the Fourier spectrum of the pulse. Especially interesting is the measurement of the phase dependence on the length of the pulse duration, the so-called chirp. We have performed calculations of the FRACF and the LA with a fast Fourier transform algorithm for different pulse shapes and chirp functions. The results show for both the FRACF and the LA the typical narrowing of the main peak when the chirp increases. It was already known that FRACF shows side maxima in the presence of chirp, but we have shown that such side maxima also occur in the case of LA if the chirp is nonlinear. Because of the simpler mathematical expression, the LA is easier to interpret. We compare the results of both methods for two different pulses: a hyperbolic secant pulse with a chirp function which is typical of colliding pulse-mode locking of dye lasers and a Gaussian pulse shape where the time dependence of the phase is caused by self-phase modulation.
{"title":"Ultrashort pulse chirp parameter determination by interferometric methods","authors":"R. Fischer, C. Rempel, J. Gauger, J. Tilgner","doi":"10.1063/1.36863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36863","url":null,"abstract":"For pulses shorter than 1 ps, only indirect methods can be used. Besides conventional second-order autocorrelations and the detection of the pulse-bandwidth product, two interferometric techniques have been proposed: fringe resolved second-order autocorrelation (FRACF) and linear autocorrelation (LA), i.e., the Fourier spectrum of the pulse. Especially interesting is the measurement of the phase dependence on the length of the pulse duration, the so-called chirp. We have performed calculations of the FRACF and the LA with a fast Fourier transform algorithm for different pulse shapes and chirp functions. The results show for both the FRACF and the LA the typical narrowing of the main peak when the chirp increases. It was already known that FRACF shows side maxima in the presence of chirp, but we have shown that such side maxima also occur in the case of LA if the chirp is nonlinear. Because of the simpler mathematical expression, the LA is easier to interpret. We compare the results of both methods for two different pulses: a hyperbolic secant pulse with a chirp function which is typical of colliding pulse-mode locking of dye lasers and a Gaussian pulse shape where the time dependence of the phase is caused by self-phase modulation.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132920563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intrinsic optical bistability in the scattering and absorption of laser radiation from microparticles having an intensity-dependent refractive index is investigated.1 We work only with particles whose radius is small compared with the wavelength of the incident radiation. Our calculation is based on the assumption that the electric field inside the particle is in fact uniform (as is the case in the linear regime). For particles with fairly sharp surface piasmon resonances, optical bistability can occur if the frequency detuning is above a certain critical value. The threshold intensity is found to be reduced by several orders of magnitude compared with the non-resonant case. Optical switching can also occur at fixed intensity above the threshold by sweeping the frequency across the resonant frequency. Right at the critical detuning frequency, the particle can act as an optical transistor with a very sizable differential gain. Spherical1 as well as elongated microparticles2 are studied. In the latter case, optical tristability can also be achieved, and there are, in addition, interesting shape dependence and orientational effects.
{"title":"Optical bistable interaction of laser radiation with micro-particles","authors":"K. M. Leung","doi":"10.1063/1.36814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36814","url":null,"abstract":"Intrinsic optical bistability in the scattering and absorption of laser radiation from microparticles having an intensity-dependent refractive index is investigated.1 We work only with particles whose radius is small compared with the wavelength of the incident radiation. Our calculation is based on the assumption that the electric field inside the particle is in fact uniform (as is the case in the linear regime). For particles with fairly sharp surface piasmon resonances, optical bistability can occur if the frequency detuning is above a certain critical value. The threshold intensity is found to be reduced by several orders of magnitude compared with the non-resonant case. Optical switching can also occur at fixed intensity above the threshold by sweeping the frequency across the resonant frequency. Right at the critical detuning frequency, the particle can act as an optical transistor with a very sizable differential gain. Spherical1 as well as elongated microparticles2 are studied. In the latter case, optical tristability can also be achieved, and there are, in addition, interesting shape dependence and orientational effects.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134279042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently one of the authors published a paper concerning the exact quantum mechanical description of pressure-induced four-wave mixing in which the exact expression of the transition probability was found.1 In this approach, a formal solution for the problem of multifield interacting with a single multilevel atom is presented by treating the fields fully quantized and the states in a dressed atomic picture. If we think of the four-wave mixing experiments as a case where the ω a , ω b , and ω c waves are sent into the medium with the fourth wave at ω p generated by the mixing, the output amplitude should be proportional to the component of the polarization fluctuating at the frequency of ω p . Based on these results, we obtained an exact quantum mechanical expression for the polarization tensor. This paper intends to explore the photon number (intensity) dependence of the polarization tensor (susceptibility) and give a comparison of the line shapes for low and high intensity of the incoming three beams. Specifically, the corresponding terms for the 31st, 32nd and 33rd terms in the Bloembergen classical expression for the susceptibility tensor will be investigated in detail.2 For no dissipation we will plot and analyze the amplitude of the polarization component at ω p .
{"title":"Intensity dependence of the polarization tensor in a quantum treatment","authors":"N. Chencinski, A. N. Weiszmann","doi":"10.1063/1.36845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36845","url":null,"abstract":"Recently one of the authors published a paper concerning the exact quantum mechanical description of pressure-induced four-wave mixing in which the exact expression of the transition probability was found.1 In this approach, a formal solution for the problem of multifield interacting with a single multilevel atom is presented by treating the fields fully quantized and the states in a dressed atomic picture. If we think of the four-wave mixing experiments as a case where the ω\u0000 a\u0000 , ω\u0000 b\u0000 , and ω\u0000 c\u0000 waves are sent into the medium with the fourth wave at ω\u0000 p\u0000 generated by the mixing, the output amplitude should be proportional to the component of the polarization fluctuating at the frequency of ω\u0000 p\u0000 . Based on these results, we obtained an exact quantum mechanical expression for the polarization tensor. This paper intends to explore the photon number (intensity) dependence of the polarization tensor (susceptibility) and give a comparison of the line shapes for low and high intensity of the incoming three beams. Specifically, the corresponding terms for the 31st, 32nd and 33rd terms in the Bloembergen classical expression for the susceptibility tensor will be investigated in detail.2 For no dissipation we will plot and analyze the amplitude of the polarization component at ω\u0000 p\u0000 .","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115770028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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