The reorientational dynamics of two oxazine dyes, cresyl violet and oxazine 1, have been studied in dilute and semidilute solutions of poly(ethylene oxide) in methanol. The approach to this study is to use a synchronously pumped dye laser to do picosecond visible pump-probe measurements of transient absorption recovery.
{"title":"Picosecond reorientational dynamics in polymer solutions","authors":"E. Quitevis, K. G. Casey, T. W. Sinor","doi":"10.1063/1.36830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36830","url":null,"abstract":"The reorientational dynamics of two oxazine dyes, cresyl violet and oxazine 1, have been studied in dilute and semidilute solutions of poly(ethylene oxide) in methanol. The approach to this study is to use a synchronously pumped dye laser to do picosecond visible pump-probe measurements of transient absorption recovery.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114870921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The question of the behavior of quantum systems in time-dependent fields whose classical counterparts exhibit chaotic behavior is addressed. For any nondissipative bounded quantum system under the influence of polychromatic (i.e., quasiperiodic) fields, it is proved by means of the many-mode Floquet theory1 that the autocorrelation function will recur infinitely often in the course of time, indicating no strict quantum stochasticity is possible.2 In particular, for an N-level quantum system undergoing multiphoton transitions, its dynamic behavior is described by the quasiperiodic motion of an (N2 – 1)-dimensional coherence vector S in accord with the SU(N) dynamic symmetries. On the other hand, for any dissipative quantum system, SU(N) symmetries are broken, and chaotic behavior is observed as the coherence vector Sevolves from an initially (N2 – 1)-dimensional space to a lower-dimensional space. The recurrence and chaotic phenomena are illustrated for two- and three-level quantum systems driven by intense bichromatic laser fields.2
{"title":"Quasiperiodic and chaotic motions in intense field multiphoton processes","authors":"S. Chu","doi":"10.1063/1.36851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36851","url":null,"abstract":"The question of the behavior of quantum systems in time-dependent fields whose classical counterparts exhibit chaotic behavior is addressed. For any nondissipative bounded quantum system under the influence of polychromatic (i.e., quasiperiodic) fields, it is proved by means of the many-mode Floquet theory1 that the autocorrelation function will recur infinitely often in the course of time, indicating no strict quantum stochasticity is possible.2 In particular, for an N-level quantum system undergoing multiphoton transitions, its dynamic behavior is described by the quasiperiodic motion of an (N2 – 1)-dimensional coherence vector S in accord with the SU(N) dynamic symmetries. On the other hand, for any dissipative quantum system, SU(N) symmetries are broken, and chaotic behavior is observed as the coherence vector Sevolves from an initially (N2 – 1)-dimensional space to a lower-dimensional space. The recurrence and chaotic phenomena are illustrated for two- and three-level quantum systems driven by intense bichromatic laser fields.2","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116150016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies of cluster ionization and dissociation are of wide-ranging interest as they contribute to a further understanding of inter-molecular energy flow and energy disposal following multiphoton ionization, as well as on the changing properties of matter undergoing transitions from the gas to condensed phase. A major advance in the study of unimolecular dissociation and the spectroscopy of clusters has become available through the use of multi-photon ionization methods coupled with time-of-flight reflectron techniques. Using single and two-color pulsed lasers, the excess energy introduced into a cluster can be controlled. The power of the method is demonstrated by results of recent investigations of cluster fragmentation following internal ion-molecule reactions in hydrogen bonded cluster systems. The role of dissociation and the influence of the thermochemical stability of cluster ions in affecting the appearance of magic numbers in certain cluster distributions is discussed. The application of this method in studying spectral shifts and determining ionization potentials of probe molecules following successive clustering with a solvent species is also presented.
{"title":"Dynamics of cluster dissociation","authors":"R. Keesee, A. Castleman","doi":"10.1063/1.36739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36739","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of cluster ionization and dissociation are of wide-ranging interest as they contribute to a further understanding of inter-molecular energy flow and energy disposal following multiphoton ionization, as well as on the changing properties of matter undergoing transitions from the gas to condensed phase. A major advance in the study of unimolecular dissociation and the spectroscopy of clusters has become available through the use of multi-photon ionization methods coupled with time-of-flight reflectron techniques. Using single and two-color pulsed lasers, the excess energy introduced into a cluster can be controlled. The power of the method is demonstrated by results of recent investigations of cluster fragmentation following internal ion-molecule reactions in hydrogen bonded cluster systems. The role of dissociation and the influence of the thermochemical stability of cluster ions in affecting the appearance of magic numbers in certain cluster distributions is discussed. The application of this method in studying spectral shifts and determining ionization potentials of probe molecules following successive clustering with a solvent species is also presented.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127978932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We have used Doppler-free two-photon-excited fluorescence spectroscopy to fully resolve the pressure-broadened line shape of OH A2Σ+ ← X2Π transitions in low-pressure flames. This method uses two counterpropagating laser beams to excite the transition. Since the Doppler shifts for the two beams exactly cancel, the resulting signal consists of a sharp Doppler-free peak centered on a Doppler-broadened and much weaker background. Because measurements were made in the postflame gases of low-pressure stoichiometric hydrogen–oxygen flames, water was the dominant collision partner. A narrowband pulse-amplified cw ring dye laser system with a FWHM bandwidth of 45 MHz at 620 nm made it possible to fully resolve the OH linewidth at pressures down to 20 Torr. All the observed transitions consisted of doublets due to hyperfine splitting of the OH A2Σ+ state. Values of the broadening and shift of OH transition line shapes due to collisions with water measured using this technique are reported.
{"title":"Doppler-free two-photon-excited fluorescence spectroscopy of OH in flames","authors":"J. Goldsmith, L. Rahn","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.5.000749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.5.000749","url":null,"abstract":"We have used Doppler-free two-photon-excited fluorescence spectroscopy to fully resolve the pressure-broadened line shape of OH A2Σ+ ← X2Π transitions in low-pressure flames. This method uses two counterpropagating laser beams to excite the transition. Since the Doppler shifts for the two beams exactly cancel, the resulting signal consists of a sharp Doppler-free peak centered on a Doppler-broadened and much weaker background. Because measurements were made in the postflame gases of low-pressure stoichiometric hydrogen–oxygen flames, water was the dominant collision partner. A narrowband pulse-amplified cw ring dye laser system with a FWHM bandwidth of 45 MHz at 620 nm made it possible to fully resolve the OH linewidth at pressures down to 20 Torr. All the observed transitions consisted of doublets due to hyperfine splitting of the OH A2Σ+ state. Values of the broadening and shift of OH transition line shapes due to collisions with water measured using this technique are reported.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123985234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The evaporation of a spherically symmetric liquid droplet subject to a high-irradiance laser flux is investigated on the basis of a hydrodynamic description of the system composed of the ejected vapor and ambient gas. For low irradiance beams, diffusive mass transport and conductive energy transport are the dominant interactions between the droplet and its environment.1 In this isobaric case, changes in the state of the ambient medium are small. For higher-flux beams, convective mass transport becomes significant, and droplet vaporization is accompanied by the production of strong shock waves in the surrounding gas. Following Knight,2jump conditions at the droplet boundary aid us in solving the hydrodynamic boundary value problem. An extension of Knight’s analysis to include both diffusive and convective mass flux allows the transition regime between the low-flux isobaric case and the high-flux shock-wave dominated case to be investigated. Numerical solutions illustrating droplet vaporization and ambient-medium hydrodynamic effects are presented for selected droplet-beam configurations.
{"title":"Diffusive and convective evaporation of irradiated droplets","authors":"R. Armstrong, A. Zardecki","doi":"10.1063/1.36868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36868","url":null,"abstract":"The evaporation of a spherically symmetric liquid droplet subject to a high-irradiance laser flux is investigated on the basis of a hydrodynamic description of the system composed of the ejected vapor and ambient gas. For low irradiance beams, diffusive mass transport and conductive energy transport are the dominant interactions between the droplet and its environment.1 In this isobaric case, changes in the state of the ambient medium are small. For higher-flux beams, convective mass transport becomes significant, and droplet vaporization is accompanied by the production of strong shock waves in the surrounding gas. Following Knight,2jump conditions at the droplet boundary aid us in solving the hydrodynamic boundary value problem. An extension of Knight’s analysis to include both diffusive and convective mass flux allows the transition regime between the low-flux isobaric case and the high-flux shock-wave dominated case to be investigated. Numerical solutions illustrating droplet vaporization and ambient-medium hydrodynamic effects are presented for selected droplet-beam configurations.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131372721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnetic trapping of laser-cooled neutral atoms has been demonstrated at NBS and is progressing in other laboratories. Confinement of any object requires exchanging kinetic for potential energy, and for neutral atoms, this necessarily derives from shifts of internal energy levels. This is implemented through the force experienced by the atomic magnetic moment in a carefully designed, highly inhomogeneous field. Since magnetic fields of convenient strength can shift atomic energy levels by only a few gigahertz (temperature ≌ 0.1 K), neutral atom traps are very shallow and must be loaded with very cold atoms. We present some motivations for using magnetic traps and then discuss the constraints and optimal configurations of various arrangements. For example, no trap can be isotropic. Next we discuss both the classical and quantum mechanical motions of trapped atoms. These motions are important for at least two reasons: First, several schemes under study for further cooling depend on knowing the position and velocity of the atoms, as well as the vector field at each point along the orbit. Second, magnetic traps depend on the atomic moment remaining aligned with the field as the atom orbits in the trap, and this precludes rapid motion through a low-field region.
{"title":"Magnetic trapping of neutral atoms","authors":"T. Bergeman, H. Metcalf","doi":"10.1063/1.36786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36786","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic trapping of laser-cooled neutral atoms has been demonstrated at NBS and is progressing in other laboratories. Confinement of any object requires exchanging kinetic for potential energy, and for neutral atoms, this necessarily derives from shifts of internal energy levels. This is implemented through the force experienced by the atomic magnetic moment in a carefully designed, highly inhomogeneous field. Since magnetic fields of convenient strength can shift atomic energy levels by only a few gigahertz (temperature ≌ 0.1 K), neutral atom traps are very shallow and must be loaded with very cold atoms. We present some motivations for using magnetic traps and then discuss the constraints and optimal configurations of various arrangements. For example, no trap can be isotropic. Next we discuss both the classical and quantum mechanical motions of trapped atoms. These motions are important for at least two reasons: First, several schemes under study for further cooling depend on knowing the position and velocity of the atoms, as well as the vector field at each point along the orbit. Second, magnetic traps depend on the atomic moment remaining aligned with the field as the atom orbits in the trap, and this precludes rapid motion through a low-field region.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129590171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. W. Stephens, Jeffrey L. Hall, W. Yan, H. Solka, Marilyn L. Richnow, R. Curl, G. Glass, F. Tittel
Infrared kinetic spectroscopy is being developed using a pulsed excimer laser for ultraviolet photolysis and a color center laser spectrometer as an infrared probe in the 2.3–3.0-μm region. Submicrosecond time resolution is possible with the 14-ns excimer laser pulses and the InSb detectors currently employed. Previous work on the Br, OH, and NH2 radicals has led to the development of three monitoring schemes based on the use of either balanced detectors, magnetic rotation, or short-time monitoring. Kinetic studies of the NH2 + NO reaction have measured the branching ratio of the two primary product channels by monitoring a number of precursors and products. Current work on the C2H radical produced by photolysis of acetylene has indicated an ~ 1-μs lifetime for this radical, demonstrating the ability to detect short-lived species. Other work includes the production of highly reactive O(1D) atoms by the photolysis of O3, providing a method for generating free radicals from stable molecules by hydrogen atom abstraction. Additional studies on the spectroscopy and kinetics of other free radicals are discussed.
{"title":"Kinetic spectroscopy using a color center laser","authors":"J. W. Stephens, Jeffrey L. Hall, W. Yan, H. Solka, Marilyn L. Richnow, R. Curl, G. Glass, F. Tittel","doi":"10.1063/1.36776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36776","url":null,"abstract":"Infrared kinetic spectroscopy is being developed using a pulsed excimer laser for ultraviolet photolysis and a color center laser spectrometer as an infrared probe in the 2.3–3.0-μm region. Submicrosecond time resolution is possible with the 14-ns excimer laser pulses and the InSb detectors currently employed. Previous work on the Br, OH, and NH2 radicals has led to the development of three monitoring schemes based on the use of either balanced detectors, magnetic rotation, or short-time monitoring. Kinetic studies of the NH2 + NO reaction have measured the branching ratio of the two primary product channels by monitoring a number of precursors and products. Current work on the C2H radical produced by photolysis of acetylene has indicated an ~ 1-μs lifetime for this radical, demonstrating the ability to detect short-lived species. Other work includes the production of highly reactive O(1D) atoms by the photolysis of O3, providing a method for generating free radicals from stable molecules by hydrogen atom abstraction. Additional studies on the spectroscopy and kinetics of other free radicals are discussed.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121157906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Experimental studies have been made of conjugate wave generation in a Na metal vapor heat pipe. Detailed measurements of gain profiles, pump beam absorption, and parametric wave generation at infrared frequencies for phase conjugation near the two-photon resonance with the Na 4d2D5/2 state, yield details of the effects of parasitic processes on degenerate four-wave mixing. Studies are conducted with an excimer-pumped dye laser system with ~4 ns pulses of < 10mJ/pulse, traversing Na vapor heat pipe. Included in the measurements are pump beam depletion, probe and conjugate beam intensities, and infrared light which is generated by the strong pump beams through stimulated Raman (SR) and amplified spontaneous emission processes. The role of ac Stark shifting in degenerate four-wave mixing near the 4d level is studied. We find a new effect involving a large contribution to the ac Stark effect from the internally generated SR photons. We observe a rapid onset with pressure of stimulated Raman emission accompanied by a dramatic increase in the ac Stark profile of the 4d level, and the sharp onset of gain saturation for the phase conjugate signal, due to the competition of these two processes. This effect results in an ac Stark coefficient which can be very nonlinear in laser power and Na pressure.
{"title":"Parametric processes and gain saturation in resonantly enhanced optical phase conjugation in Na vapor near a two-photon resonance","authors":"R. Wunderlich, W. R. Garrett, M. Payne","doi":"10.1063/1.36726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36726","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental studies have been made of conjugate wave generation in a Na metal vapor heat pipe. Detailed measurements of gain profiles, pump beam absorption, and parametric wave generation at infrared frequencies for phase conjugation near the two-photon resonance with the Na 4d2D5/2 state, yield details of the effects of parasitic processes on degenerate four-wave mixing. Studies are conducted with an excimer-pumped dye laser system with ~4 ns pulses of < 10mJ/pulse, traversing Na vapor heat pipe. Included in the measurements are pump beam depletion, probe and conjugate beam intensities, and infrared light which is generated by the strong pump beams through stimulated Raman (SR) and amplified spontaneous emission processes. The role of ac Stark shifting in degenerate four-wave mixing near the 4d level is studied. We find a new effect involving a large contribution to the ac Stark effect from the internally generated SR photons. We observe a rapid onset with pressure of stimulated Raman emission accompanied by a dramatic increase in the ac Stark profile of the 4d level, and the sharp onset of gain saturation for the phase conjugate signal, due to the competition of these two processes. This effect results in an ac Stark coefficient which can be very nonlinear in laser power and Na pressure.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116515357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are three categories of laser-assisted chemical reactions which have been employed to etch metals, semiconductors, and other inorganic materials. Lasers can be used to locally heat a solid to accelerate the rate of a thermally activated process. This is the most universally applicable method of laser-induced etching. Alternatively, the laser can be used to generate reactive gas-phase or liquid-phase species by photolytic decomposition of precursor molecules. Appropriate reactants have been identified for a wide variety of materials. Finally, the laser can be used to create photo-generated electrons and holes in semiconductors; these carriers then participate directly in the etching process. Highly selective etching can be achieved by capitalizing on the surface electronic properties which influence carrier generation or subsequent behavior. These three types of laser-induced reaction are reviewed.
{"title":"Laser-induced etching","authors":"C. Ashby","doi":"10.1063/1.36825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36825","url":null,"abstract":"There are three categories of laser-assisted chemical reactions which have been employed to etch metals, semiconductors, and other inorganic materials. Lasers can be used to locally heat a solid to accelerate the rate of a thermally activated process. This is the most universally applicable method of laser-induced etching. Alternatively, the laser can be used to generate reactive gas-phase or liquid-phase species by photolytic decomposition of precursor molecules. Appropriate reactants have been identified for a wide variety of materials. Finally, the laser can be used to create photo-generated electrons and holes in semiconductors; these carriers then participate directly in the etching process. Highly selective etching can be achieved by capitalizing on the surface electronic properties which influence carrier generation or subsequent behavior. These three types of laser-induced reaction are reviewed.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129311946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. S. Andersson, J. Ankerst, E. Kjellén, S. Montán, K. Svanberg, S. Svanberg
The fluorescence emission from tissue subject to UV light excitation can be utilized for diagnostic purposes. The discrimination between tumors and normal tissue is of particular interest. The natural tissue fluorescence can be used but improved results are obtained using the agent hematoporphyrin derivative that is selectively retained in tumors. We have used laser-induced fluorescence for point measurements1 as well as for multicolor imaging2 of different kinds of rat tissue. For optimized characterization it is important to utilize the full spectral information and to form dimensionless contrast functions of measured spectral intensities. The importance of selecting the proper excitation wavelength is emphasized. The development of clinical instrumentation for point measurements and imaging is discussed.
{"title":"Tissue diagnostics using laser-induced fluorescence techniques","authors":"P. S. Andersson, J. Ankerst, E. Kjellén, S. Montán, K. Svanberg, S. Svanberg","doi":"10.1063/1.36807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36807","url":null,"abstract":"The fluorescence emission from tissue subject to UV light excitation can be utilized for diagnostic purposes. The discrimination between tumors and normal tissue is of particular interest. The natural tissue fluorescence can be used but improved results are obtained using the agent hematoporphyrin derivative that is selectively retained in tumors. We have used laser-induced fluorescence for point measurements1 as well as for multicolor imaging2 of different kinds of rat tissue. For optimized characterization it is important to utilize the full spectral information and to form dimensionless contrast functions of measured spectral intensities. The importance of selecting the proper excitation wavelength is emphasized. The development of clinical instrumentation for point measurements and imaging is discussed.","PeriodicalId":422579,"journal":{"name":"International Laser Science Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116138782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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