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DIFFRACTION OF A SPHERICAL WAVE BY A HARD HALF-PLANE: POLYNOMIAL FORMULATION OF EDGE-DIFFRACTED FIELD IN THE FREQUENCY DOMAIN 硬半平面对球面波的衍射:频域边缘衍射场的多项式公式
Q4 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36336/akustika20234563
D. Ouis
The problem of diffraction of a spherical sound wave by a thin hard half-plane is considered. The expression of the total field at any position in the space around the half-plane is composed of two geometrical components and a third one which originating from the edge of the half-plane. This paper takes the expression of the edge-diffracted field due to a sound doublet, as formulated in the Biot-Tolstoy theory of diffraction, BTD, but rearranged for the Dirac-like pulse by Medwin. The present paper presents a development in the frequency domain of the Fourier transform of the exact expression of the edge-diffracted field as given in the time domain. This solution is composed of a serial development, expressed in simple trigonometric integral functions, and which away from the geometrical optics boundaries shows a quite rapid convergence to the numerical Fourier transform of the exact time-domain expression. The presented solution may be used as a good approximation in simulations and in real case predictions of sound scattering by thin straight-edged noise barriers.
研究了球面声波在薄硬半平面上的衍射问题。半平面周围空间中任意位置的总场表达式由两个几何分量和从半平面边缘出发的第三个几何分量组成。本文采用bibit - tolstoy衍射理论(BTD)中所表述的由声重态引起的边缘衍射场的表达式,但由Medwin重新安排为类狄拉克脉冲。本文给出了在时域给出的边缘衍射场精确表达式的傅里叶变换在频域的发展。该解由一个序列展开组成,用简单的三角积分函数表示,并且在远离几何光学边界的情况下收敛到精确时域表达式的数值傅里叶变换。所提出的解法可作为模拟和实际情况下预测薄直边噪声屏障声散射的良好近似。
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引用次数: 0
OPTIMUM PROPAGATION IN OCEAN: THE COMPARISON BETWEEN NORMAL MODE AND EMPIRICAL FRANCOIS-GARRISON FORMULA 海洋中最优传播:正常模式与经验弗朗索瓦-加里森公式之比较
Q4 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36336/akustika20234542
Tran Cao Quyen
There are not only theory but also the empirical formula to deal with the problem of sound propagation in ocean. As such the Normal mode and Francois-Garrison are typical methods. Optimum sound propagation in ocean is the way we unify these two methods. In this paper, we investigate the transmission losses of both Normal mode and Francois- Garrison at some frequencies (170Hz, 800Hz, 100 KHz) at shallow water conditions (Tonkin gulf). The calculated and simulation results show that the optimum is achieved when the Normal mode is used at low frequencies whereas the Francois-Garrison is used at high frequencies.
对于声在海洋中的传播问题,不仅有理论,而且有经验公式。因此,普通模式和弗朗索瓦-加里森模式是典型的方法。海洋中最佳声传播是这两种方法的结合。在本文中,我们研究了在浅水条件下(北部湾)正常模式和Francois- Garrison在某些频率(170Hz, 800Hz, 100khz)下的传输损耗。计算和仿真结果表明,在低频时采用正态模态,而在高频时采用弗朗索瓦-加里森模态,可以达到最佳的滤波效果。
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引用次数: 0
TESTING A NOVEL HYBRID SPIRAL MICROPHONE ARRAY DESIGNED FOR PERFORMANCE AND PORTA 测试一种新型的混合螺旋麦克风阵列设计的性能和门
Q4 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36336/akustika20234547
M. Aldeman, Jin-Ho Jo
In this investigation a novel hybrid spiral microphone array system is designed and constructed to maximize the overall performance of the array under the constraint that the array must be portable and capable of being transported in a small hatchback vehicle. Several microphone array designs are considered before settling on a modified Fermat spiral with microphones located exclusively on the axes of the array, enabling the array to be quickly disassembled into a small number of sections, transported to a remote location, and then re-assembled. The performance of the new microphone array is tested against an existing microphone array that was also designed for portability but with a more conventional logarithmic spiral design. The resolution of the new hybrid spiral array is found to greatly exceed the resolution of the conventional portable microphone array.
本文设计并构建了一种新型的混合螺旋麦克风阵列系统,在保证阵列便携性和可在小型掀背车中运输的前提下,使阵列的整体性能最大化。在确定一个改进的费马螺旋阵列之前,考虑了几种麦克风阵列设计,麦克风仅位于阵列的轴线上,使阵列能够快速拆卸成少量部分,运输到远程位置,然后重新组装。新麦克风阵列的性能与现有的麦克风阵列进行了测试,该麦克风阵列也是为了便携性而设计的,但采用了更传统的对数螺旋设计。新型混合螺旋阵列的分辨率大大超过了传统便携式传声器阵列的分辨率。
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引用次数: 0
THE VIBRATION MEASUREMENT USING MICROCONTROLLERS 采用单片机进行振动测量
Q4 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36336/akustika20234525
J. Smutný, Dušan Janoštík, Radovan Rímský, Iunishchenko Petr
The contribution is devoted to the issue of measuring vibrations and possibly also noise using microcontroller technology. The contribution contains a theoretical introduction to the issue, and further describes the practical hardware implementation of the measuring system, the basis of which is a suitable microcontroller. Part of the contribution is also an analysis of the appropriateness of using such a measurement technique for application specifically in the field of railway constructions and buildings. The conclusion includes recommendations for other workplaces that would like to use this method of measurement.
该贡献致力于使用微控制器技术测量振动和可能的噪声问题。本文对该问题进行了理论介绍,并进一步描述了测量系统的实际硬件实现,其基础是合适的微控制器。部分贡献还分析了使用这种测量技术的适当性,特别是在铁路建设和建筑物领域的应用。结论包括对其他想要使用这种测量方法的工作场所的建议。
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引用次数: 0
NOISE REDUCTION ON AIR DISTRIBUTION GRILLES USING 3D PRINTED INFILL STRUCTURES 采用3d打印填充结构降低气流分布格栅的噪音
Q4 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36336/akustika2023453
D. Svoboda, Petra Berková, F. Vlach, D. Beckovsky, Milan Gabzdyl, Martin Deutsch
The aim of this research is to reduce the noise level of air distribution grilles using 3D printed infill structures. The grilles are installed on a newly developed autonomous ventilation system, which is used for decentralised ventilation of e.g., school classrooms. Several supply and return grilles with functional gyroid and honeycomb shaped infill structures were created and subsequently printed on an FDM 3D printer. Based on measurements and analysis of the maximum sound pressure levels at different microphone positions around the system and at different airflows, the combination of grilles with the greatest noise reduction was selected. The research is complemented by other data such as spectral analysis of the noise, measurement of the airflow velocity through the grilles and measurement of the room reverberation time. Significant noise reduction was achieved by using the proposed grilles and further conclusions were drawn. 3D printing technology proved to be a very useful tool in this case.
这项研究的目的是使用3d打印填充结构来降低气流分配格栅的噪音水平。格栅安装在新开发的自主通风系统上,该系统用于分散通风,例如学校教室。创建了几个具有功能陀螺仪和蜂窝形状填充结构的供应和返回格栅,并随后在FDM 3D打印机上打印。通过对系统周围不同麦克风位置和不同气流下的最大声压级的测量和分析,选择了降噪效果最好的格栅组合。该研究还补充了其他数据,如噪声的频谱分析、通过格栅的气流速度测量和室内混响时间测量。通过使用拟议的格栅实现了显著的降噪,并得出了进一步的结论。在这种情况下,3D打印技术被证明是一个非常有用的工具。
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引用次数: 0
A BASIC STUDY ONT HE SOUND ABSORBING PROPERTIES OF SQUARE PANELS WITH HOMOGENOUS SIZE AND VARIOUS ARRANGEMENTS 均匀尺寸、不同排列方式方板吸声性能的基本研究
Q4 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.36336/akustika20224335
Maryam Nikpour, Soudeh Valipour, O. Rahaei
Noise disturbance at airports negatively affects people's health. This paper focuses on the study of the public spaces with a large capacity in the Ahvaz International Airport, which are perceived as acoustically uncomfortable. The main reason for poor acoustic conditions is an excessive Hall reverberation, as the measured reverberation time reached 4–5 s at middle frequencies. To overcome this acoustics problem, five square sound absorbing panels were installed on the wall surfaces of the airport lounge and the models were simulated by using EASE 4.4 software. In our research Revebration Time (RT, or main index), three other sound indices including, auditory error coefficient (ALconse) speech transmission index (STI) and total sound pressure level (SPL) were evaluated according to the international standards of ISO3382 and ISO 3382-1. The aim of this research was to introduce an acousticc treatment on the airport lounge walls to enable better absorption of sound to improve the acoustic quality of Ahvaz International Airport. After the simulation, it was concluded that of the five different square panels deployed, Model SA-1 was associated with the lowest sound pressure across different frequencies and hence this panel was considered as the ideal for improved acoustics for the space.
机场的噪音干扰对人们的健康产生负面影响。本论文的重点是研究阿瓦士国际机场的大容量公共空间,这些空间被认为是不舒服的。声学条件差的主要原因是霍尔混响过大,在中频测得混响时间达到4 ~ 5 s。为了克服这一声学问题,在机场候机室的墙面上安装了5块方形吸声板,并利用EASE 4.4软件对模型进行了仿真。在我们的研究中,根据ISO3382和ISO 3382-1的国际标准,我们评估了包括听觉误差系数(ALconse)、语音传输指数(STI)和总声压级(SPL)在内的其他三个声音指标。本研究的目的是在机场休息室墙壁上引入声学处理,使声音更好地吸收,以改善阿瓦士国际机场的音质。经过模拟,得出的结论是,在部署的五种不同的方形面板中,SA-1型在不同频率下的声压最低,因此该面板被认为是改善空间声学的理想选择。
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引用次数: 0
THE ACOUSTIC FEATURES AND MUSIC-CULTURAL CONTEXTS OF CONCERT AND THEATRE HALLS IN SLOVAKIA - ZICHY PALACE, THE SLOVAK NATIONAL THEATRE 声学特征和音乐文化背景的音乐会和剧院大厅在斯洛伐克- zichy宫殿,斯洛伐克国家剧院
Q4 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.36336/akustika20224328
Pavol Brezina, Alena Čirena, Michal Jarabica, P. Zaťko
This study deals with spatial-acoustic research on two buildings in Bratislava, built in two different historical periods, with a significantly different primary function in terms of the musical life of the town. The Opera and Ballet Hall of the Slovak National Theatre is a relatively new building with a relatively short concert history. The concert life of the Concert Hall of Zichy Palace dates back to the 18th century and has an extremely rich concert history. The present study is devoted to describing the historical and cultural contexts, while also investigating their acoustic properties. The subject of the acoustical research is the description of the basic parameters – reverberation time T, clarity C80, interaural correlation coefficient IACC and spoken speech intelligibility measure STI.
本研究对布拉迪斯拉发的两座建筑进行了空间声学研究,这两座建筑建于两个不同的历史时期,在城镇的音乐生活方面具有显著不同的主要功能。斯洛伐克国家剧院的歌剧和芭蕾舞厅是一座相对较新的建筑,其音乐会历史相对较短。齐齐宫音乐厅的音乐生活可以追溯到18世纪,有着极其丰富的音乐历史。本研究致力于描述历史和文化背景,同时也调查了它们的声学特性。声学研究的主题是对混响时间T、清晰度C80、耳间相关系数IACC和语音可理解度指标STI等基本参数的描述。
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引用次数: 0
ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF ROAD NOISE IN RELATION TO RESIDENTIAL AREAS AND ECONOMIC COSTS THROUGH MODELLING 通过模拟评估道路噪音对住宅区的影响和经济成本
Q4 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.36336/akustika2022432
V. Krivanek, P. Marková, Blanka Hablovicova, Jan Machanec, Dana Potužníková
This paper focuses on noise modelling and the assessment of road noise impacts in relation to residential areas and economic costs using modelling. The intention of the whole project and the authors' work is to contribute to the determination of changes in road noise levels for relevant decision-making processes with direct applicability in social sciences (regional development, sociology, demography, economics) related to health risk assessment (public health). The longevity, noise reduction levels and external cost changes of using low noise roads should therefore be appreciated. The purpose is to remove the identified disparity and to make publicly available, through a certified methodology, the data needed to assess the long-term effects of noise pollution from low-noise roads for use by regional development, thus contributing to the strategy of Directive 2002/49/EC.
本文的重点是噪声建模和评估道路噪声对居民区的影响以及使用建模的经济成本。整个项目的目的和作者的工作是为了帮助确定道路噪音水平的变化,以便在与健康风险评估(公共卫生)相关的社会科学(区域发展、社会学、人口学、经济学)中直接适用于相关决策过程。因此,使用低噪音道路的寿命、减低噪音的水平和外部成本的改变应得到重视。目的是消除已确定的差异,并通过经过认证的方法,向公众提供评估低噪音道路噪音污染的长期影响所需的数据,以供区域发展使用,从而有助于指令2002/49/EC的战略。
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引用次数: 0
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF (MICRO)INTERVALS OF THE JUST INTONATION SYSTEM 心理方面的(微)音程只是语调系统
Q4 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.36336/akustika20224341
T. Reindl, V. Hruška, M. Frič
This study presents the results of research on the psychological aspects of exactly calculated just intonation intervals, which was performed in the form of a listening test. These micro-interval nuances (śruti) are attributed specific emotions or feelings in ancient Indian music-theoretical texts, just as in the European tradition, various extra-musical qualities have been attributed to different intervals or modes since the Antiquity. The purpose of the research was therefore to try to map the psychological aspects of the selected intervals and to verify whether the respondents agreed on them. In contrast to similar research testing tempered intervals, here we are dealing with precisely tuned concords of characteristic intervals of just intonation systems (5-limit and 7-limit just intonation), realized in the form of sustained drones. The results of this research show that listening to isolated sustained concords can induce a wide range of responses in the listener, which are identical or similar for a significant number of respondents. Moreover, in some cases, the reactions to a given interval/emotion combination coincide or resemble the characteristics given by Indian or European traditions. All the results of the research have been summarized in a table which can serve practical purposes.
本研究以听力测试的形式对精确计算的刚调音程的心理方面进行了研究。这些微音程的细微差别(śruti)在古印度音乐理论文本中被归因于特定的情感或感觉,就像在欧洲传统中一样,自古代以来,各种额外的音乐品质被归因于不同的音程或调式。因此,研究的目的是试图绘制所选间隔的心理方面,并验证受访者是否同意他们的观点。与类似的研究测试调质音程相反,这里我们处理的是刚调音程系统(5限和7限刚调音程)特征音程的精确调质和声,以持续低音的形式实现。本研究的结果表明,听孤立的持续的和声可以在听者中引起广泛的反应,这些反应对于相当数量的应答者来说是相同或相似的。此外,在某些情况下,对给定间隔/情感组合的反应与印度或欧洲传统所赋予的特征一致或相似。所有的研究结果已归纳成一个表格,以供实际使用。
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引用次数: 0
ATTENUATION CHARACTERISTICS OF TECTORIAL MEMBRANE WAVE 被膜波的衰减特性
Q4 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.36336/akustika20224360
T. Kitamura, Tomoya Ueno
This study focuses on the attenuation characteristics of the waves that propagate on the tectorial membrane (tectorial membrane waves). The traveling wave on the basilar membrane (basilar membrane wave) plays a main role in transmitting acoustic signals. However, slow waves can propagate on the tectorial membrane other than the basilar membrane. If the tectorial membrane waves also progress along the cochlea from the base to the apex, they could have influence on the signal that is transmitted by the basilar membrane wave. We discuss the difference of the propagation characteristics between two types of the tectorial membrane waves and the basilar membrane wave by comparing the attenuation constants. First, we showed the difference of the displacement of the basilar and tectorial membranes between these waves. Then, we investigated their propagation characteristics including the phase constants and attenuation constants. Finally, we studied the structural dependence of the attenuation constants of the tectorial membrane waves.
本研究的重点是在被膜上传播的波的衰减特性(被膜波)。基底膜上的行波(基底膜波)在传递声信号中起主要作用。然而,慢波可以在基底膜以外的被膜上传播。如果基底膜波也沿着耳蜗从基底向耳尖传播,它们可能会影响基底膜波传递的信号。通过对基底膜波衰减常数的比较,讨论了基底膜波和覆膜波两种类型的传播特性的差异。首先,我们展示了这些波之间基底膜和背膜位移的差异。然后,我们研究了它们的传播特性,包括相位常数和衰减常数。最后,我们研究了构造膜波衰减常数的结构依赖性。
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引用次数: 0
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Akustika
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