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2022 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM)最新文献

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Aptera: Automatic PARAFAC2 Tensor Analysis 无翅目:自动PARAFAC2张量分析
Ekta Gujral, E. Papalexakis
In data mining, PARAFAC2 is a powerful and a multi-layer tensor decomposition method that is ideally suited for unsupervised modeling of data which forms “irregular” tensors, e.g., patient's diagnostic profiles, where each patient's recovery timeline does not necessarily align with other patients. In real-world applications, where no ground truth is available, how can we automatically choose how many components to analyze? Although extremely trivial, finding the number of components is very hard. So far, under traditional settings, to determine a reasonable number of components, when using PARAFAC2 data, is to compute decomposition with a different number of components and then analyze the outcome manually. This is an inefficient and time-consuming path, first, due to large data volume and second, the human evaluation makes the selection biased. In this paper, we introduce Aptera, a novel automatic PARAFAC2 tensor mining that is based on locating the L-curve corner. The automation of the PARAFAC2 model quality assessment helps both novice and qualified researchers to conduct detailed and advanced analysis. We extensively evaluate Aptera 's performance on synthetic data, outperforming existing state-of-the-art methods on this very hard problem. Finally, we apply Aptera to a variety of real-world datasets and demonstrate its robustness, scalability, and estimation reliability.
在数据挖掘中,PARAFAC2是一种功能强大的多层张量分解方法,非常适合于对形成“不规则”张量的数据进行无监督建模,例如,患者的诊断概况,其中每个患者的恢复时间不一定与其他患者一致。在现实世界的应用程序中,没有可获得的基础真理,我们如何自动选择要分析多少组件?虽然非常简单,但是找到组件的数量是非常困难的。到目前为止,在传统设置下,在使用PARAFAC2数据时,要确定合理的组件数量,是使用不同数量的组件计算分解,然后手动分析结果。这是一个低效且耗时的路径,首先,由于数据量大,其次,人工评估使选择有偏见。本文介绍了一种新的基于l曲线拐角定位的PARAFAC2张量自动挖掘算法Aptera。PARAFAC2模型质量评估的自动化有助于新手和合格的研究人员进行详细和高级的分析。我们广泛评估了Aptera在合成数据上的表现,在这个非常困难的问题上优于现有的最先进的方法。最后,我们将Aptera应用于各种现实世界的数据集,并展示了它的鲁棒性、可扩展性和估计可靠性。
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引用次数: 1
Embedding social graphs from multiple national settings in common empirical opinion spaces 在共同的经验意见空间中嵌入来自多个国家背景的社会图谱
Pedro Ramaciotti, Zografoula Vagena
Ideological scaling is an ubiquitous tool for inferring political opinions of users in social networks, allowing to position a large number of users in left-right or liberal-conservative scales. More recent methods address the need, highlighted by social science research, to infer positions in additional social dimensions. These dimensions allow for the analysis of emerging divisions such as anti-elite sentiment, or attitudes towards globalization, among others. These methods propose to embed social networks in multi-dimensional attitudinal spaces, where dimensions stand as indicators of positive or negative attitudes towards several and separate issues of public debate. So far, these methods have been validated in the context of individual national settings. In this article we propose a method to embed a large number of social media users in multi-dimensional attitudinal spaces that are common to several countries, allowing for large-scale comparative studies. Additionally, we propose novel statistical benchmark validations that show the accuracy of the estimated positions. We illustrate our method on Twitter friendship networks in France, Germany, Italy, and Spain.
意识形态尺度是一种普遍存在的工具,用于推断社交网络中用户的政治观点,允许将大量用户定位在左右或自由-保守的尺度上。最近的方法解决了社会科学研究强调的需要,即推断其他社会维度的位置。这些维度允许对诸如反精英情绪或对全球化的态度等新兴分歧进行分析。这些方法建议在多维态度空间中嵌入社会网络,其中维度作为对若干和独立的公共辩论问题的积极或消极态度的指标。迄今为止,这些方法已在个别国家背景下得到验证。在本文中,我们提出了一种方法,将大量社交媒体用户嵌入到几个国家共同的多维态度空间中,以便进行大规模的比较研究。此外,我们提出了新的统计基准验证,显示估计位置的准确性。我们在法国、德国、意大利和西班牙的Twitter友谊网络上举例说明了我们的方法。
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引用次数: 2
Dynamic Ensemble Associative Learning 动态集成联想学习
Md Rayhan Kabir, Osmar R Zaiane
Associative classifiers have shown competitive performance with state-of-the-art methods for predicting class labels. In addition to accuracy performance, associative classifiers produce human readable rules for classification which provides an easier way to understand the decision process of the model. Early models of associative classifiers suffered from the limitation of selecting proper threshold values which are dataset specific. Recent work on associative classifiers eliminates that restriction by searching for statistically significant rules. However, a high dimensional feature vector in the training data impacts the performance of the model. Ensemble models like Random Forest are also very powerful tools for classification but the decision process of Random Forest is not easily understandable like the associative classifiers. In this study we propose Dynamic Ensemble Associative Learning (DEAL) where we use associative classifiers as base learners on feature sub-spaces. In our approach we select a subset of the feature vector to train each of the base learners. Instead of a random selection, we propose a dynamic feature sampling procedure which automatically defines the number of base learners and ensures diversity and completeness among the subset of feature vectors. We use 10 datasets from the UCI repository and evaluate the performance of the model in terms of accuracy and memory requirement. Our ensemble approach using the proposed sampling method largely decreases the memory requirement in the case of datasets having a large number of features and this without jeopardising accuracy. In fact, accuracy is also improved in most cases. Moreover, the decision process of our DEAL approach remains human interpretable by collecting and ranking the rules generated by the base learners predicting the final class label.
关联分类器已经显示出与最先进的预测类标签的方法竞争的性能。除了精度性能外,关联分类器还生成人类可读的分类规则,这为理解模型的决策过程提供了一种更容易的方法。早期的关联分类器模型受到选择特定于数据集的合适阈值的限制。最近对关联分类器的研究通过搜索统计上显著的规则消除了这种限制。然而,训练数据中的高维特征向量会影响模型的性能。像随机森林这样的集成模型也是非常强大的分类工具,但是随机森林的决策过程不像关联分类器那样容易理解。在这项研究中,我们提出了动态集成关联学习(DEAL),其中我们使用关联分类器作为特征子空间的基础学习器。在我们的方法中,我们选择特征向量的一个子集来训练每个基础学习器。本文提出了一种动态特征采样方法,该方法可以自动定义基本学习器的数量,并保证特征向量子集之间的多样性和完整性。我们使用来自UCI存储库的10个数据集,并从准确性和内存需求方面评估模型的性能。在具有大量特征的数据集的情况下,我们使用所提出的采样方法的集成方法大大降低了内存需求,并且不会影响准确性。事实上,在大多数情况下,准确性也得到了提高。此外,我们的DEAL方法的决策过程通过收集和排序由预测最终类标签的基础学习器生成的规则来保持人类可解释性。
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引用次数: 2
Uncovering Coordinated Communities on Twitter During the 2020 U.S. Election 在2020年美国大选期间发现推特上的协调社区
R. S. Linhares, José Luís da Silva Rosa, C. H. G. Ferreira, Fabricio Murai, G. Nobre, J. Almeida
A large volume of content related to claims of election fraud, often associated with hate speech and extremism, was reported on Twitter during the 2020 US election, with evidence that coordinated efforts took place to promote such content on the platform. In response, Twitter announced the suspension of thousands of user accounts allegedly involved in such actions. Motivated by these events, we here propose a novel network-based approach to uncover evidence of coordination in a set of user interactions. Our approach is designed to address the challenges incurred by the often sheer volume of noisy edges in the network (i.e., edges that are unrelated to coordination) and the effects of data sampling. To that end, it exploits the joint use of two network backbone extraction techniques, namely Disparity Filter and Neighborhood Overlap, to reveal strongly tied groups of users (here referred to as communities) exhibiting repeatedly common behavior, consistent with coordination. We employ our strategy to a large dataset of tweets related to the aforementioned fraud claims, in which users were labeled as suspended, deleted or active, according to their accounts status after the election. Our findings reveal well-structured communities, with strong evidence of coordination to promote (i.e., retweet) the aforementioned fraud claims. Moreover, many of those communities are formed not only by suspended and deleted users, but also by users who, despite exhibiting very similar sharing patterns, remained active in the platform. This observation suggests that a significant number of users who were potentially involved in the coordination efforts went unnoticed by the platform, and possibly remained actively spreading this content on the system.
在2020年美国大选期间,推特上报道了大量与选举欺诈指控有关的内容,这些内容通常与仇恨言论和极端主义有关,有证据表明,在该平台上采取了协调一致的努力来推广此类内容。作为回应,Twitter宣布暂停数千名涉嫌参与此类行为的用户账户。受这些事件的启发,我们在此提出了一种基于网络的新方法来揭示一组用户交互中协调的证据。我们的方法旨在解决网络中经常存在的大量噪声边缘(即与协调无关的边缘)和数据采样影响所带来的挑战。为此,它利用联合使用两种网络骨干提取技术,即视差过滤和邻域重叠,来揭示表现出重复共同行为的强关联用户群体(这里称为社区),与协调一致。我们将策略应用于与上述欺诈指控相关的推文的大型数据集,根据用户在选举后的账户状态,这些用户被标记为暂停、删除或活跃。我们的研究结果揭示了结构良好的社区,有强有力的证据表明协调促进(即转发)上述欺诈索赔。此外,许多这样的社区不仅是由被暂停和删除的用户组成的,而且还有一些用户,尽管表现出非常相似的分享模式,但仍然在平台上活跃。这一观察结果表明,大量可能参与协调工作的用户没有被平台注意到,可能仍然在系统上积极传播这些内容。
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引用次数: 1
ASONAM 2022 Program Committee ASONAM 2022项目委员会
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引用次数: 0
WayPop Machine: A Wayback Machine to Investigate Popularity and Root Out Trolls WayPop机器:一种用于调查流行度和根除喷子的时光机
Tuğrulcan Elmas, Thomas Romain Ibanez, Alexandre Hutter, R. Overdorf, K. Aberer
Contrary to celebrities who owe their popularity online to their activity offline, malicious users such as trolls have to gain fame on social media through the social media itself. The exact reasons that a certain user has become popular are often obscure especially when the popularity was gained illicitly through means such as fake amplification of content. In this paper, we develop a methodology for uncovering why an account has become popular and present an open source tool that encapsulates this methodology. This tool aims to aid others in uncovering malicious accounts which have artificially gained many followers and to distinguish such accounts from those which gained followers and popularity honestly.
与明星们通过线下活动在网上获得人气不同,“喷子”等恶意用户必须通过社交媒体本身在社交媒体上获得人气。某些用户走红的确切原因往往是模糊的,特别是当这种人气是通过虚假放大等非法手段获得的。在本文中,我们开发了一种方法来揭示为什么一个帐户变得流行,并提出了一个封装该方法的开源工具。此工具旨在帮助他人发现人为获得许多关注者的恶意帐户,并将此类帐户与诚实获得关注者和人气的帐户区分开来。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison between Inductive and Transductive Learning in a Real Citation Network using Graph Neural Networks 基于图神经网络的真实引文网络中感应学习与传导学习的比较
Guillaume Lachaud, Patricia Conde Céspedes, M. Trocan
Graph data is present everywhere and has vast ranging applications from finding the common interests of people to the optimization of road traffic. Due to the interconnectedness of nodes in graphs, training neural networks on graphs can be done in two settings: in transductive learning, the model can have access to the test features in the training phase; in the inductive setting, the test data remains unseen. We explore the differences between inductive and transductive learning on real citation networks when the graphs are converted to undirected graphs. We find that the models achieve better accuracy in the transductive setting than in the inductive setting, but that the gap between validation and test accuracy is also higher, which indicates the models trained in an inductive setting have better generalization capabilities.
从寻找人们的共同兴趣到优化道路交通,图数据无处不在,有着广泛的应用。由于图中节点的互联性,在图上训练神经网络可以在两种情况下完成:在转换学习中,模型可以在训练阶段访问测试特征;在感应设置中,测试数据保持不可见。我们探讨了在真实引文网络中,当图转换为无向图时,归纳学习和换能化学习之间的差异。我们发现,在感应设置下的模型比在感应设置下的模型获得了更好的精度,但验证和测试精度之间的差距也更高,这表明在感应设置下训练的模型具有更好的泛化能力。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-Objective Influence Maximization Under Varying-Size Solutions and Constraints 变规模解和约束下的多目标影响最大化
T. K. Biswas, A. Abbasi, R. Chakrabortty
Identification of a set of influential spreaders in a network, called the Influence Maximization (IM) problem, has gained much popularity due to its immense practicality. In real-life applications, not only the influence spread size, but also some other criteria such as the selection cost and the size of the seed set play an important role in selecting the optimal solution. However, majority of the existing works have treated this issue as a single-objective optimization problem, where decision-makers are forced to make their choices regarding other variables in advance despite having a thorough understanding of them. This research formulates a multi-objective version of the IM problem (referred to as MOIMP), which considers three competing objectives while subject to certain practical restrictions. Theoretical analysis reveals that the influence spreading function under the suggested MOIMP framework is no longer monotone, but submodular. We also considered three well-established multi-objective evolutionary algorithms to solve the proposed MOIMP. Since the proposed MOIMP addresses varying-size seeds, all the considered algorithms are significantly modified to fit into it. Experimental results on four real-life datasets, evaluating and comparing the performance of the considered algorithms, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MOIMP.
网络中一组有影响力的传播者的识别,被称为影响力最大化(IM)问题,由于其巨大的实用性而受到广泛欢迎。在实际应用中,除了影响范围大小外,选择成本、种子集大小等因素对最优解的选择也起着重要作用。然而,现有的大部分工作都将此问题视为单目标优化问题,决策者在对其他变量有充分了解的情况下,被迫提前做出选择。本研究提出了一个多目标版本的IM问题(称为MOIMP),它考虑了三个相互竞争的目标,同时受到一定的实际限制。理论分析表明,在本文提出的MOIMP框架下,影响扩散函数不再是单调的,而是次模的。我们还考虑了三种成熟的多目标进化算法来解决所提出的MOIMP问题。由于提出的MOIMP处理不同大小的种子,因此所有考虑的算法都经过了重大修改以适应它。在四个实际数据集上的实验结果,评估和比较了所考虑算法的性能,证明了所提出的MOIMP的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Equipping Recommender Systems with Individual Fairness via Second-order Proximity Embedding 基于二阶邻近嵌入的个人公平性推荐系统
Kun Wu, Jacob Erickson, Wendy Hui Wang, Yue Ning
Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been widely used for recommender systems over knowledge graphs. An important issue of GNN-based recommender systems is individual user fairness in recommendations (i.e., similar users should be treated similarly by the systems). In this paper, we make the following contributions to enable recommender systems to be equipped with individual user fairness. First, we define new similarity metrics for individual fairness, where these metrics take knowledge graphs into consideration by incorporating both first-order proximity in direct user-item interactions and second-order proximity in knowledge graphs. Second, we design a novel graph neural network (GNN) named SKIPHop for fair recommendations over knowledge graphs. By passing latent representations from both first-order and second-order neighbors at every message passing step, SKIPHop learns user embed dings that capture their latent interests present in the second-order networks. Furthermore, to realize individual user fairness, we add fairness as a regularization to the loss function of recommendation models. Finally, through experiments on two real-world datasets, we demonstrate the effectiveness of SKIPHop in terms of fairness and recommendation accuracy.
图神经网络(gnn)已被广泛应用于基于知识图的推荐系统。基于gnn的推荐系统的一个重要问题是推荐中的个人用户公平性(即类似的用户应该被系统类似地对待)。在本文中,我们做了以下贡献,以使推荐系统具有个人用户公平性。首先,我们定义了新的个人公平相似度指标,其中这些指标通过结合用户-物品直接交互中的一阶接近度和知识图中的二阶接近度来考虑知识图。其次,我们设计了一种新的图形神经网络(GNN),命名为SKIPHop,用于知识图的公平推荐。通过在每个消息传递步骤中传递来自一阶和二阶邻居的潜在表示,SKIPHop学习捕捉二阶网络中存在的潜在兴趣的用户嵌入。此外,为了实现个人用户公平性,我们将公平性作为正则化添加到推荐模型的损失函数中。最后,通过两个真实数据集的实验,我们证明了SKIPHop在公平性和推荐准确性方面的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Coherent Personalized Paragraph Generation for a Successful Landing Page 连贯的个性化段落生成成功的登陆页
Yusuf Mücahit Çetinkaya, I. H. Toroslu, H. Davulcu
Social media has become an important place for online marketing like never before. Businesses use various techniques to identify and reach potential customers across multiple platforms and deliver a message to grab their attention. A notable post could attract potential customers to the product landing page. However, the acquisition is only the beginning. The landing page should respond to the visitor's need for persuasion to increase conversion rates. Showing every visitor the same page is far from that goal. Even if the product meets everyone's needs, their priorities may differ. In this study, we propose a pipeline that includes gathering and identifying potential customers from Twitter, determining their priorities by understanding the context of their message, and creating a coherent paragraph that addresses the issue to display on the landing page.
社交媒体已经成为网络营销前所未有的重要场所。企业使用各种技术在多个平台上识别和接触潜在客户,并传递信息以吸引他们的注意力。一个引人注目的帖子可以吸引潜在的客户到产品的登陆页面。然而,收购仅仅是个开始。登陆页应该对访问者的说服需求做出回应,以提高转化率。向每个访问者展示相同的页面远远达不到这个目标。即使产品满足了每个人的需求,他们的优先级也可能不同。在这项研究中,我们提出了一个管道,包括从Twitter收集和识别潜在客户,通过理解他们的信息上下文来确定他们的优先级,并创建一个连贯的段落来解决要在登陆页面上显示的问题。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2022 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM)
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