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Enhancing conceptual and practical understandings of small-scale farming resilience in the metropolitan countryside of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 加强对巴西里约热内卢大都市农村小农复原力的概念和实践理解
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-23 DOI: 10.21861/hgg.2022.84.02.01
Felipe da Silva Machado
Rural-urban complexity can be seen across the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Region where land use, and economic and environmental policies have generated conflicts. In this context, agriculture has become juxtaposed with other functions and interests, which has resulted in a mosaic of diversified land use. These rural-urban interactions also provide opportunities to develop different types of knowledge that allow communities to develop resilience in an environment of spatial changes. The aim of this article is to analyse rural change and farming resilience in the Eastern Rio Metropolis, based on primary research undertaken in 2017 and 2018. The results provide useful insights for understanding the nature of rural-urban interactions in a metropolitan countryside that could, in turn, inform policies for promoting local and regional quality food systems and small-scale farming strategies.
城乡复杂性在里约热内卢都会区随处可见,在那里土地使用、经济和环境政策产生了冲突。在这种背景下,农业与其他功能和利益并存,从而形成了多样化的土地利用格局。这些城乡互动也为发展不同类型的知识提供了机会,使社区能够在空间变化的环境中发展复原力。本文的目的是基于2017年和2018年开展的初步研究,分析里约大都市东部的农村变化和农业复原力。研究结果为理解大都市农村中城乡相互作用的本质提供了有用的见解,进而为促进地方和区域优质粮食系统和小规模农业战略的政策提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
The strategic position of health and wellness tourism in the development of the Douro Demarcated Region World Heritage Site 健康养生旅游在斗罗界区世界遗产地开发中的战略地位
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.21861/hgg.2022.84.02.06
Helena Pina, Felisbela Martins
In a wine producing region like the Douro Valley (NE Portugal), embedded in the schist-greywacke complex of the Douro-Beira district and the source of high-quality mineral and spring waters, what is the strategic positioning of health and wellness tourism? What is the importance of thermal baths in the revitalisation of rural areas, and who are the main agents behind these dynamics? These are the main questions we will address in this article. Relatively overlooked until recently, health and wellness tourism has been growing in relevance in Europe and Portugal in the 21st century and is now considered a strategic product. Thermal baths were traditionally restricted to therapeutical treatments, but well-being has become a core concern today. Thermal bathhouses and resorts can be found throughout Portugal, four of which are located in the Douro region. Furthermore, their revitalisation bolsters sustainable development of Portugal’s inland regions, “reclaiming” an activity with a centuries-long history under a new paradigm. To achieve the study’s goals, we have combined documentation research with fieldwork, including semi-structured interviews conducted with the main actors involved in these dynamics.
在像杜罗河谷(葡萄牙东北部)这样的葡萄酒产区,嵌入在杜罗-贝拉地区的片岩-灰岩综合体中,是高品质矿物和泉水的来源,健康和养生旅游的战略定位是什么?温泉浴场对振兴乡郊地区有何重要性?这些活动背后的主要推动者是谁?这些是我们将在本文中讨论的主要问题。直到最近,健康和保健旅游才被相对忽视,在21世纪的欧洲和葡萄牙,健康和保健旅游的相关性一直在增长,现在被认为是一种战略产品。传统上,温泉浴仅限于治疗,但如今,健康已成为人们关注的核心问题。热澡堂和度假村可以在葡萄牙各地找到,其中四个位于杜罗地区。此外,它们的复兴促进了葡萄牙内陆地区的可持续发展,以一种新的模式“回收”了一项具有数百年历史的活动。为了实现研究目标,我们将文献研究与实地调查相结合,包括与这些动态中涉及的主要参与者进行的半结构化访谈。
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引用次数: 0
The social driving forces of desertification in the high Algerian steppe plains 阿尔及利亚高草原平原沙漠化的社会驱动力
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.21861/hgg.2022.84.02.05
Adel Boussaïd, Serge Schmitz
The sedentarization of shepherds at the margins of the desert and the introduction of private land ownership in the high Algerian steppe plains has led to profound lifestyle transformations and increased desertification. Based on policy analysis, field observations and oral surveys with 188 household heads, this paper underlines the social drivers of desertification where short-term economic strategies and political misunderstanding are the key elements. Agro-forestry-pastoral practices are no longer in balance with the local environment. Assembling the puzzle pieces has underlined that political leaders and administrators are only partially familiar with the local geosystem, have implemented multiple unsuccessful measures, and have been unable to sufficiently learn (from their efforts) due to political instability. The paper shows that the sedentarization occurring in this fragile environment with low soil fertility creates rural systems that are less resilient to climate fluctuations, which severely impacts both the environment and the most vulnerable inhabitants.
沙漠边缘牧民的定居化和阿尔及利亚草原平原土地私有制的引入导致了生活方式的深刻转变和沙漠化的加剧。基于政策分析、实地观察和对188户户主的口头调查,本文强调了荒漠化的社会驱动因素,其中短期经济战略和政治误解是关键因素。农林牧区的做法不再与当地环境保持平衡。拼凑这些拼图凸显出,政治领导人和行政人员对当地的地理系统只是部分熟悉,实施了多种不成功的措施,而且由于政治不稳定,无法充分学习(从他们的努力中)。该论文表明,在这种土壤肥力低的脆弱环境中发生的定居化导致农村系统对气候波动的适应能力较弱,这严重影响了环境和最脆弱的居民。
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引用次数: 0
Transportation-geographical analysis of the public transportation system: a case study of the Sesvete District and the municipalities of Gornja Stubica and Marija Bistrica 交通-公共交通系统的地理分析:以Sesvete区和Gornja Stubica市和Marija Bistrica市为例
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.21861/hgg.2022.84.01.04
Ivan Šišak
Public transportation is a fundamental societal service that directly affects spatial development. In order to ensure a high level of functionality and sustainability of the public transport system, as well as even spatial development, a good planning framework for its development is a necessity. This paper analyses the distribution and functional characteristics of the public transportation system in the northeastern part of the Zagreb Urban Agglomeration: the Sesvete district and the neighbouring municipalities of Gornja Stubica and Marija Bistrica in Krapina-Zagorje County. The goal of this paper has two parts: to analyse the public bus and train transportation systems in the study area, using relevant traffic, demographic, and functional data; and to create a typology of public transport quality of the settlements of the research area. Based on the results of the analysis, potential measures to aid the development of public transport in the study area, as well as their potential impact for the entire area of Zagreb, have been detailed in the discussion section. The results of the analysis indicate that public transport is more available and of better quality in the southern part of the study area and in Sesvete and the smaller settlements surrounding it, but it is less frequent and less available throughout the majority of settlements in Gornja Stubica and Marija Bistrica.
公共交通是一项直接影响空间发展的基本社会服务。为了确保公共交通系统的高水平功能性和可持续性,甚至空间发展,一个良好的发展规划框架是必要的。本文分析了萨格勒布城市群东北部的公共交通系统的分布和功能特征:克拉皮纳-扎戈列县的Sesvete区和邻近的Gornja Stubica和Marija Bistrica市。本文的目标分为两部分:利用相关的交通、人口和功能数据,分析研究区域的公共汽车和火车交通系统;并创建一个公共交通质量的类型学研究区域的定居点。根据分析的结果,讨论部分详细说明了协助研究地区发展公共交通的可能措施,以及这些措施对萨格勒布整个地区的潜在影响。分析结果表明,在研究区域的南部和Sesvete及其周围较小的定居点,公共交通的可用性和质量较好,但在Gornja Stubica和Marija Bistrica的大多数定居点,公共交通的频率和可用性较低。
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引用次数: 0
River lengths in Croatia determined from a topographic map at a scale of 1:25,000 克罗地亚的河流长度由1:25 000比例尺的地形图确定
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.21861/hgg.2022.84.01.01
Ivan Čanjevac, Katarina Pavlek, D. Orešić
This study presents methodologically consistent length measurements of rivers with a total length of 40 kilometres or more in the Republic of Croatia. These measurements were performed by vectorising river channels from a topographic map at a scale of 1:25,000. Contemporary orthophoto maps were used as additional cartographic sources for verification. The approaches used to determine the starting and ending points of rivers, i.e. sources and mouths or confluences, have been explained and their spatial coordinates were listed. The results showed that in terms of total river length, the 21 rivers in this study differed from the available official data by less than 5%. Considerable differences were found for rivers where significant river engineering works had been carried out to channelize and divert flow, as well as for rivers in the Adriatic Basin where there have been methodological differences in determining the river mouth, and for large lowland rivers where changes in channel planform are common due to natural dynamics and engineering interventions. Moreover, this research revealed that the longest Croatian river, with its source, confluence, and both river banks situated entirely within the territory of Croatia, is the Karašica River, with a total length of 148 km.
本研究报告对克罗地亚共和国境内总长度为40公里或以上的河流进行了方法上一致的长度测量。这些测量是通过将地形图中的河道矢量化,比例尺为1:25 000。当代正射影像图被用作额外的地图来源进行验证。解释了确定河流起点和终点的方法,即源头和河口或汇合处,并列出了它们的空间坐标。结果表明,21条河流的总长度与官方数据的差异小于5%。对于已经进行了重大河流工程工程来引导和分流的河流,以及亚得里亚海盆地的河流,在确定河口方面存在方法上的差异,以及由于自然动力学和工程干预而导致河道平台变化的大型低地河流,发现了相当大的差异。此外,这项研究表明,克罗地亚最长的河流是Karašica河,其源头、汇合处和两条河岸都完全位于克罗地亚境内,全长148公里。
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引用次数: 1
An overview of classifications and modern research of springs in the world and in Croatia 世界和克罗地亚温泉分类和现代研究综述
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.21861/hgg.2022.84.01.02
I. Martinić
Because of their importance, water springs have been the subject of scholarly study since the late 17th century. With the development of science in the 19th, and especially in the 20th and 21st centuries, they became the object of study of various fields and branches of science. The result of the diverse studies of springs is a rich knowledge of their properties and the development of numerous classifications. Most basic classifications were created at the beginning of the 20th century, but a need for interdisciplinary research and classification of springs has emerged in the last twenty years. Today, however, there is no internationally-accepted interdisciplinary classification or database of springs that would facilitate the comparison of researched features and the use of research data. In Croatia, water-rich karst springs, which are attractive phenomena, have been thoroughly researched and classified, while non-karst springs have been examined less. The aim of this paper is to present the development of spring classifications throughout history, to emphasize the variety of research approaches that have been used, and to present the most important modern research of springs in the world and in Croatia.
由于其重要性,自17世纪后期以来,泉水一直是学术研究的主题。随着19世纪,特别是20世纪和21世纪科学的发展,它们成为各个科学领域和分支的研究对象。对弹簧的不同研究的结果是对其性质的丰富知识和许多分类的发展。大多数基本的分类是在20世纪初创建的,但在过去的20年里,出现了对弹簧进行跨学科研究和分类的需求。然而,目前还没有一个国际公认的跨学科的弹簧分类或数据库来促进研究特征的比较和研究数据的使用。在克罗地亚,富水的喀斯特泉是一种极具吸引力的现象,人们对其进行了深入的研究和分类,而对非喀斯特泉的研究却很少。本文的目的是介绍历史上春季分类的发展,强调已经使用的各种研究方法,并介绍世界上和克罗地亚春季最重要的现代研究。
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引用次数: 2
Social distance and the Roma: intra-ethnic and regional differences 社会距离与罗姆人:种族内部和地区差异
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.21861/hgg.2022.84.01.03
Hrvoje Šlezak
The Roma are the national minority that experiences the highest level of social distance in Croatia. With aim of better understanding the social structure of the parts of Croatia’s that are inhabited by Roma, the level of social distance between Roma and selected groups was investigated using the classic Bogardus scale performed on a sample of 203 members of the Roma community from Međimurje County, the City of Zagreb, and Primorje-Gorski Kotar County. The results of the research indicate significant differences in the level of social distance among different sub-ethnic Roma groups in Croatia. There are large regional differences in the level of social distance of Roma living in different parts of Croatia. A significant level of mutual social distance was also observed between the two large subethnic Roma groups in Croatia, the Bayash Roma and Roma who speak the standard Romani language. Great variations were also noted in social distance towards the majority ethnic group in the Republic of Croatia: Croats.
罗姆人是克罗地亚社会距离最高的少数民族。为了更好地了解克罗地亚罗姆人居住地区的社会结构,对来自Međimurje县、萨格勒布市和primorj - gorski Kotar县的203名罗姆人社区成员进行了经典的Bogardus量表调查,调查了罗姆人与选定群体之间的社会距离水平。研究结果表明,克罗地亚不同亚民族罗姆人群体的社会距离水平存在显著差异。生活在克罗地亚不同地区的罗姆人的社会距离水平存在很大的地区差异。在克罗地亚的两个大的亚种族罗姆人群体,巴亚什罗姆人和说标准罗姆语的罗姆人之间也观察到显著的相互社会距离。在克罗地亚共和国的多数族裔群体克罗地亚人之间的社会距离也有很大差异。
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引用次数: 0
Pink consumption areas: research accomplishments and future perspectives 粉色消费领域:研究成果及未来展望
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.21861/hgg.2021.83.02.03
K. Mak, Martina Jakovčić
Pink consumption areas are a collection of places that were created and/or stand out for their openness towards the LGBT community. Research of pink consumption first arose in the 1990s and took place in an urban context almost without exception, and was largely geographically limited to Anglo-America and Western Europe. Night clubs have been identified as the starting points of pink consumption, but pink consumer spaces are becoming increasingly diversified with the liberalisation of social relations in the Western world. However, entertainment remains the dominant domain and the most research attention has been focused on this area. Purchasing systems, including consumption management called rainbow washing, has also been well studied, though studies on culture and health related to this area are strongly lacking. Research of pink consumption spaces shares a common methodology with this issue. A central issue is the lack of a public list of LGBT persons, which makes it virtually impossible to have any form of probability sampling. Accordingly, qualitative research based on the interview method, focus group discussions, and geosemiotic analyses are more frequently used than quantitative research.
“粉红消费区”指的是那些因对LGBT群体开放而被创建和/或突出的地方。关于粉色消费的研究最早出现在20世纪90年代,几乎无一例外都是在城市背景下进行的,而且主要局限于英美和西欧。夜店被认为是粉色消费的起点,但随着西方社会关系的自由化,粉色消费空间变得越来越多样化。然而,娱乐仍然是占主导地位的领域,大多数研究都集中在这一领域。采购系统,包括被称为彩虹洗涤的消费管理,也得到了很好的研究,尽管与这一领域相关的文化和健康研究严重缺乏。粉色消费空间的研究与这个问题有着共同的方法论。一个核心问题是缺乏公开的LGBT人群名单,这使得任何形式的概率抽样几乎是不可能的。因此,基于访谈法、焦点小组讨论和地理符号学分析的定性研究比定量研究更常用。
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引用次数: 0
Teaching methodology of geography and educational geography in Croatia over the last fifty years 近50年来克罗地亚地理教学方法和教育地理
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.21861/hgg.2021.83.02.05
I. Ivic, Ružica Vuk
The teaching methodology of geography is a relatively young scientific discipline within the scientific field of geography, that has only been experiencing its full scientific affirmation in the last few decades. In the early years, scholarly production focused on works that primarily dealt with geography education, but further development of the discipline showed a tendency to single out educational geography as a distinct scholarly entity and branch within the field. Given the aforementioned, there is a need to recapitulate scientific production and the most important findings of this geographical scientific discipline from the last fifty years. A review of scientific and scientific-expert papers on the teaching methodology of geography and educational geography indicates a thematic and methodological paradigm shift toward covering topics and objects of research significantly wider than those covered in the classroom and during geography lessons. The noticeable changes in the prevailing scientific interest in the curriculum and organization of teaching according to human resources research, the organization of education in certain areas and student achievement indicate a continuous and stable development.
地理教学方法是地理科学领域中比较年轻的一门学科,近几十年来才得到充分的科学肯定。在早期,学术成果主要集中在与地理教育有关的著作上,但该学科的进一步发展显示出一种趋势,即把教育地理学作为该领域内一个独特的学术实体和分支。鉴于上述情况,有必要概述过去五十年来这一地理科学学科的科学成果和最重要的发现。对有关地理和教育地理教学方法的科学和科学专家论文的回顾表明,主题和方法范式向涵盖的主题和研究对象的转变比课堂和地理课程所涵盖的主题和研究对象要广泛得多。根据人力资源研究对课程和教学组织的普遍科学兴趣、某些领域的教育组织和学生成绩的显著变化表明,这是一个持续而稳定的发展。
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引用次数: 0
The methodological concept of geoheritage valorization: Blidinje Nature Park – case study 地质遗产价值评估的方法论概念:以布列丁涅自然公园为例
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.21861/hgg.2021.83.02.04
Amra Banda, A. Korjenić, Emir Temimović, Amra Čaušević
U Bosni i Hercegovini nedostaje istraživanja na području valorizacije georaznolikosti, što je rezultiralo zanemarivanjem njezinih znanstvenih vrijednosti, ali i nedovoljnim razvojem geoturizma. Cilj je ovoga rada valorizirati odabrane geomorfolokalitete Parka prirode Blidinje s obzirom na njihovu geoturističku vrijednost. Primijenjeni metodološki koncept nastao je kao rezultat analize postojećih metodoloških koncepata valorizacije georaznolikosti, pri čemu su objedinjeni kriteriji za procjenu osnovne, dodane, zaštitne i turističke vrijednosti. Jedan od ciljeva rada jest i doprinos boljem razumijevanju i primjeni metodoloških koncepata turističke valorizacije, posebice u okviru zaštićenih prirodnih područja. Tijekom istraživanja izdvojena su 44 lokaliteta, a na osnovi rezultata preliminarne procjene kreirana je lista s ukupno 23 lokaliteta koji su valorizirani, od čega se njih osam izdvaja većom ocjenom od prosječne. Rezultati ovoga istraživanja upućuju na potencijal za razvoj ponude geoturizma PP Blidinje, čiji bi temelj trebali biti najbolje ocijenjeni geomorfolokaliteti.
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Hrvatski Geografski Glasnik-Croatian Geographical Bulletin
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