Hassan Iqbal, Muhammad Hamad Alizai, Z. A. Uzmi, O. Landsiedel
We propose dynamic reconfiguration of the radio interface in IoT platforms to support multiple link layers simultaneously. This allows us to tackle the increasing link layer heterogeneity in IoT devices, thus bringing a multitude of benefits: extensible and vender agnostic multihop deployments, rapid integration of the new "things" into an existing network, as well as seamless integration of the IoT with the traditional wireless Internet.
{"title":"Taming Link-layer Heterogeneity in IoT through Interleaving Multiple Link-Layers over a Single Radio","authors":"Hassan Iqbal, Muhammad Hamad Alizai, Z. A. Uzmi, O. Landsiedel","doi":"10.1145/3131672.3136966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131672.3136966","url":null,"abstract":"We propose dynamic reconfiguration of the radio interface in IoT platforms to support multiple link layers simultaneously. This allows us to tackle the increasing link layer heterogeneity in IoT devices, thus bringing a multitude of benefits: extensible and vender agnostic multihop deployments, rapid integration of the new \"things\" into an existing network, as well as seamless integration of the IoT with the traditional wireless Internet.","PeriodicalId":424262,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114657159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min Wu, Fernando Magno Quintão Pereira, Jie Liu, Heitor S. Ramos, M. Alvim, Leonardo B. Oliveira
It is paramount to ensure secure and trustworthy operations in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), guaranteeing the integrity of sensing data, enabling access control, and safeguarding system-level operations. In this paper, we address trustworthy operations of next generation CPSs. Our idea is inspired by a trustworthy computing framework known as Proof-Carrying Code, in which foreign executables carry a model to prove that they have not been tampered with and they function as expected. In our context, we leverage the physical world--a channel that encapsulates properties impossible to tamper with remotely, such as proximity and causality--to create a challenge-response function. We call it Proof-Carrying Sensing and use it to help authenticate devices, collected data, and locations. A unique advantage of this approach, vis-à-vis traditional multi-factor or out-of-band authentication mechanisms, is that authentication proofs are embedded in sensor data and can be continuously validated over time and space without resorting to complicated cryptographic algorithms. This, in turn, makes it fit particularly well to CPSs where mobility and resource constraints are common.
{"title":"Proof-Carrying Sensing: Towards Real-World Authentication in Cyber-Physical Systems","authors":"Min Wu, Fernando Magno Quintão Pereira, Jie Liu, Heitor S. Ramos, M. Alvim, Leonardo B. Oliveira","doi":"10.1145/3131672.3131700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131672.3131700","url":null,"abstract":"It is paramount to ensure secure and trustworthy operations in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), guaranteeing the integrity of sensing data, enabling access control, and safeguarding system-level operations. In this paper, we address trustworthy operations of next generation CPSs. Our idea is inspired by a trustworthy computing framework known as Proof-Carrying Code, in which foreign executables carry a model to prove that they have not been tampered with and they function as expected. In our context, we leverage the physical world--a channel that encapsulates properties impossible to tamper with remotely, such as proximity and causality--to create a challenge-response function. We call it Proof-Carrying Sensing and use it to help authenticate devices, collected data, and locations. A unique advantage of this approach, vis-à-vis traditional multi-factor or out-of-band authentication mechanisms, is that authentication proofs are embedded in sensor data and can be continuously validated over time and space without resorting to complicated cryptographic algorithms. This, in turn, makes it fit particularly well to CPSs where mobility and resource constraints are common.","PeriodicalId":424262,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126934091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romain Jacob, J. Beutel, L. Thiele, Licong Zhang, S. Chakraborty, Marco Zimmerling
This paper introduces Stalwart, a novel system design for wireless Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) including a scheduling framework that provides real-time guarantees, minimizes end-to-end latency between application tasks, minimizes communication energy, and ensures safety in terms of conflict-free communication.
{"title":"Stalwart: a Predictable Reliable Adaptive and Low-latency Real-time Wireless Protocol","authors":"Romain Jacob, J. Beutel, L. Thiele, Licong Zhang, S. Chakraborty, Marco Zimmerling","doi":"10.1145/3131672.3136969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131672.3136969","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces Stalwart, a novel system design for wireless Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) including a scheduling framework that provides real-time guarantees, minimizes end-to-end latency between application tasks, minimizes communication energy, and ensures safety in terms of conflict-free communication.","PeriodicalId":424262,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114011668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Progress in low power miniaturized electronics and wireless technologies have enabled many innovative applications. Of particular interest is the Internet of Things (IoT) that has dominated the world of ICT in the last half a decade enabling many smart systems and applications. At the same time, we also see much enthusiasm with respect to space missions and applications including terrestrial applications, apart from exploring the universe. We believe that innovations in the domain of IoT will significantly influence the space related activities -- both research and development. In this article, we chart out the innovations in space and the vision with respect to embedded and wireless systems for space applications. In particular, we bring in the notion of Sensor Wireless Actuator Networks in Space (SWANS) and Space Pixels to explain IoT in space. We explain with examples what we envision for the next decade and also the challenges therein. We briefly put forth our four major targets in the next five years.
{"title":"SWANS","authors":"S. Narayana, R. V. Prasad, V. Rao, C. Verhoeven","doi":"10.1145/3131672.3131701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131672.3131701","url":null,"abstract":"Progress in low power miniaturized electronics and wireless technologies have enabled many innovative applications. Of particular interest is the Internet of Things (IoT) that has dominated the world of ICT in the last half a decade enabling many smart systems and applications. At the same time, we also see much enthusiasm with respect to space missions and applications including terrestrial applications, apart from exploring the universe. We believe that innovations in the domain of IoT will significantly influence the space related activities -- both research and development. In this article, we chart out the innovations in space and the vision with respect to embedded and wireless systems for space applications. In particular, we bring in the notion of Sensor Wireless Actuator Networks in Space (SWANS) and Space Pixels to explain IoT in space. We explain with examples what we envision for the next decade and also the challenges therein. We briefly put forth our four major targets in the next five years.","PeriodicalId":424262,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131323648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mirzamohammadi, Justin A. Chen, A. A. Sani, S. Mehrotra, G. Tsudik
Mobile and Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, such as smartphones, tablets, wearables, smart home assistants (e.g., Google Home and Amazon Echo), and wall-mounted cameras, come equipped with various sensors, notably camera and microphone. These sensors can capture extremely sensitive and private information. There are several important scenarios where, for privacy reasons, a user might require assurance about the use (or non-use) of these sensors. For example, the owner of a home assistant might require assurance that the microphone on the device is not used during a given time of the day. Similarly, during a confidential meeting, the host needs assurance that attendees do not record any audio or video. Currently, there are no means to attain such assurance in modern mobile and IoT devices. To this end, this paper presents Ditio, a system approach for auditing sensor activities. Ditio records sensor activity logs that can be later inspected by an auditor and checked for compliance with a given policy. It is based on a hybrid security monitor architecture that leverages both ARM's virtualization hardware and TrustZone. Ditio includes an authentication protocol for establishing a logging session with a trusted server and a formally verified companion tool for log analysis. Ditio prototypes on ARM Juno development board and Nexus 5 smartphone show that it introduces negligible performance overhead for both the camera and microphone. However, it incurs up to 17% additional power consumption under heavy use for the Nexus 5 camera.
{"title":"Ditio: Trustworthy Auditing of Sensor Activities in Mobile & IoT Devices","authors":"S. Mirzamohammadi, Justin A. Chen, A. A. Sani, S. Mehrotra, G. Tsudik","doi":"10.1145/3131672.3131688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131672.3131688","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile and Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, such as smartphones, tablets, wearables, smart home assistants (e.g., Google Home and Amazon Echo), and wall-mounted cameras, come equipped with various sensors, notably camera and microphone. These sensors can capture extremely sensitive and private information. There are several important scenarios where, for privacy reasons, a user might require assurance about the use (or non-use) of these sensors. For example, the owner of a home assistant might require assurance that the microphone on the device is not used during a given time of the day. Similarly, during a confidential meeting, the host needs assurance that attendees do not record any audio or video. Currently, there are no means to attain such assurance in modern mobile and IoT devices. To this end, this paper presents Ditio, a system approach for auditing sensor activities. Ditio records sensor activity logs that can be later inspected by an auditor and checked for compliance with a given policy. It is based on a hybrid security monitor architecture that leverages both ARM's virtualization hardware and TrustZone. Ditio includes an authentication protocol for establishing a logging session with a trusted server and a formally verified companion tool for log analysis. Ditio prototypes on ARM Juno development board and Nexus 5 smartphone show that it introduces negligible performance overhead for both the camera and microphone. However, it incurs up to 17% additional power consumption under heavy use for the Nexus 5 camera.","PeriodicalId":424262,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133959574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We describe opportunities and challenges with wireless robotic materials. Robotic materials are multi-functional composites that tightly integrate sensing, actuation, computation and communication to create smart composites that can sense their environment and change their physical properties in an arbitrary programmable manner. Computation and communication in such materials are based on miniature, possibly wireless, devices that are scattered in the material and interface with sensors and actuators inside the material. Whereas routing and processing of information within the material build upon results from the field of sensor networks, robotic materials are pushing the limits of sensor networks in both size (down to the order of microns) and numbers of devices (up to the order of millions). In order to solve the algorithmic and systems challenges of such an approach, which will involve not only computer scientists, but also roboticists, chemists and material scientists, the community requires a common platform --- much like the "Mote" that bootstrapped the widespread adoption of the field of sensor networks --- that is small, provides ample of computation, is equipped with basic networking functionalities, and preferably can be powered wirelessly.
{"title":"Wireless Robotic Materials","authors":"N. Correll, P. Dutta, Richard Han, K. Pister","doi":"10.1145/3131672.3131702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131672.3131702","url":null,"abstract":"We describe opportunities and challenges with wireless robotic materials. Robotic materials are multi-functional composites that tightly integrate sensing, actuation, computation and communication to create smart composites that can sense their environment and change their physical properties in an arbitrary programmable manner. Computation and communication in such materials are based on miniature, possibly wireless, devices that are scattered in the material and interface with sensors and actuators inside the material. Whereas routing and processing of information within the material build upon results from the field of sensor networks, robotic materials are pushing the limits of sensor networks in both size (down to the order of microns) and numbers of devices (up to the order of millions). In order to solve the algorithmic and systems challenges of such an approach, which will involve not only computer scientists, but also roboticists, chemists and material scientists, the community requires a common platform --- much like the \"Mote\" that bootstrapped the widespread adoption of the field of sensor networks --- that is small, provides ample of computation, is equipped with basic networking functionalities, and preferably can be powered wirelessly.","PeriodicalId":424262,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131729704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nico Jähne-Raden, M. Marschollek, U. Kulau, L. Wolf
The Ballistocardiography (BCG) aims to analyze the ballistic forces on the heart in terms of vibrations that are transmitted to the body's surface. These vibrations can be measured by accelerometers. But instead of highly specialized analog sensors, we propose BCG based on commercially available digital accelerometers. To achieve this, we performed a bunch of trials to gain information about proper acceleration sensor technology, as well as needed requirements to create a full-fledged BCG sensor board. This sensor board as well as first results are presented within this paper.
{"title":"HeartBeat the Odds: A Novel Digital Ballistocardiographic Sensor System","authors":"Nico Jähne-Raden, M. Marschollek, U. Kulau, L. Wolf","doi":"10.1145/3131672.3136973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131672.3136973","url":null,"abstract":"The Ballistocardiography (BCG) aims to analyze the ballistic forces on the heart in terms of vibrations that are transmitted to the body's surface. These vibrations can be measured by accelerometers. But instead of highly specialized analog sensors, we propose BCG based on commercially available digital accelerometers. To achieve this, we performed a bunch of trials to gain information about proper acceleration sensor technology, as well as needed requirements to create a full-fledged BCG sensor board. This sensor board as well as first results are presented within this paper.","PeriodicalId":424262,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133588231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Jayasuriya, T. Ranathunga, K. Gunawardana, Chamath Silva, Prabash Kumarasinghe, A. Sayakkara, C. Keppitiyagama, K. Zoysa, Kasun Hewage, T. Voigt
The human-elephant conflict is causing significant damages to the life of human and elephants in Sri Lanka. Minimizing encounters between humans and elephants is hence crucial in alleviating the human-elephant conflict. We have earlier introduced Eloc, a cost-effective localization system that is based on infrasonic emissions from wild elephants. One of the remaining challenges is a resource-efficient method to detect the elephants' infrasonic emissions. We present our efforts on devising a support vector machine (SVM) that is able to detect elephant rumbles on Eloc nodes.
{"title":"Resource-Efficient Detection of Elephant Rumbles","authors":"N. Jayasuriya, T. Ranathunga, K. Gunawardana, Chamath Silva, Prabash Kumarasinghe, A. Sayakkara, C. Keppitiyagama, K. Zoysa, Kasun Hewage, T. Voigt","doi":"10.1145/3131672.3136982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131672.3136982","url":null,"abstract":"The human-elephant conflict is causing significant damages to the life of human and elephants in Sri Lanka. Minimizing encounters between humans and elephants is hence crucial in alleviating the human-elephant conflict. We have earlier introduced Eloc, a cost-effective localization system that is based on infrasonic emissions from wild elephants. One of the remaining challenges is a resource-efficient method to detect the elephants' infrasonic emissions. We present our efforts on devising a support vector machine (SVM) that is able to detect elephant rumbles on Eloc nodes.","PeriodicalId":424262,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125769144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Experimental wireless network research is often very time consuming and requires knowledge of multiple experimentation platforms (JFED, OMF, etc.), thereby hindering innovation specially from non-testbed experts. To foster innovation, this paper presents an intuitive wireless experimentation using the Node-RED framework. Within the framework, drag and drop components are combined to set-up wireless experiments in simulation and testbed environments, configure network stack and execute series of experiments. Furthermore, the intuitiveness of the Node-RED framework is demonstrated by using drag and drop components to optimize multiple conflicting objectives in simulation and in a real-testbed, without requiring advanced testbed knowledge.
{"title":"An Intuitive Drag and Drop Framework for Wireless Network Experimentation","authors":"M. Mehari, A. Shahid, I. Moerman, E. D. Poorter","doi":"10.1145/3131672.3136971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131672.3136971","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental wireless network research is often very time consuming and requires knowledge of multiple experimentation platforms (JFED, OMF, etc.), thereby hindering innovation specially from non-testbed experts. To foster innovation, this paper presents an intuitive wireless experimentation using the Node-RED framework. Within the framework, drag and drop components are combined to set-up wireless experiments in simulation and testbed environments, configure network stack and execute series of experiments. Furthermore, the intuitiveness of the Node-RED framework is demonstrated by using drag and drop components to optimize multiple conflicting objectives in simulation and in a real-testbed, without requiring advanced testbed knowledge.","PeriodicalId":424262,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128666178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cyber-Physical Systems are immersed in an environment in which they are expected to operate reliably. The specificity of the target scenario has, however, a unique impact on the system behaviour that is hard to foresee. Therefore, the deployment of these systems often results in a trial and error task. To address this challenge, we have realised a system design framework based on the ability of modelling the target environment through the fusion of in situ measurements and descriptions, e.g., maps, of the scenario. We demonstrate the ability of our solution to accurately perform the situated analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics of wireless communication in an indoor testbed.
{"title":"A Model-based Framework for the Situated Design and Deployment of Wireless Embedded Systems","authors":"Sascha Jungen, M. Ceriotti, P. Marrón","doi":"10.1145/3131672.3136967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3131672.3136967","url":null,"abstract":"Cyber-Physical Systems are immersed in an environment in which they are expected to operate reliably. The specificity of the target scenario has, however, a unique impact on the system behaviour that is hard to foresee. Therefore, the deployment of these systems often results in a trial and error task. To address this challenge, we have realised a system design framework based on the ability of modelling the target environment through the fusion of in situ measurements and descriptions, e.g., maps, of the scenario. We demonstrate the ability of our solution to accurately perform the situated analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics of wireless communication in an indoor testbed.","PeriodicalId":424262,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127450545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：