Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7776/ASK.2019.38.6.630
Minyoung Eom, Do-Young Kim, G. Park, K. Shin, S. Oh
: Passive Ranging Sonar (PRS) is a type of passive sonar consisting of three sub-array on the port and starboard, and has a characteristic of detecting a target and calculating a bearing and a distance. The bearing and distance calculation requires physical sub-array position information, and the bearing and distance accuracy performance are deteriorated when the position information of the sub-array is inaccurate. In particular, it has a greater impact on distance accuracy performance using plus value of two time-delay than a bearing using average value of two time-delay. In order to improve this, a study on sub-array position error estimation and error compensation is needed. In this paper, We estimate the sub-array position error based on genetic algorithm, an optimization search technique, and propose a method to improve the performance of distance accuracy by compensating the time delay error caused by the position error. In addition, we will verify the proposed algorithm and its performance using the sea-going data
{"title":"Position error estimation of sub-array in passive ranging sonar based on a genetic algorithm","authors":"Minyoung Eom, Do-Young Kim, G. Park, K. Shin, S. Oh","doi":"10.7776/ASK.2019.38.6.630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2019.38.6.630","url":null,"abstract":": Passive Ranging Sonar (PRS) is a type of passive sonar consisting of three sub-array on the port and starboard, and has a characteristic of detecting a target and calculating a bearing and a distance. The bearing and distance calculation requires physical sub-array position information, and the bearing and distance accuracy performance are deteriorated when the position information of the sub-array is inaccurate. In particular, it has a greater impact on distance accuracy performance using plus value of two time-delay than a bearing using average value of two time-delay. In order to improve this, a study on sub-array position error estimation and error compensation is needed. In this paper, We estimate the sub-array position error based on genetic algorithm, an optimization search technique, and propose a method to improve the performance of distance accuracy by compensating the time delay error caused by the position error. In addition, we will verify the proposed algorithm and its performance using the sea-going data","PeriodicalId":42689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea","volume":"38 1","pages":"630-636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71370482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.009
I. Chung
In this paper, we propose a method that can be applied to the efficient implementation of multi-channel active noise controller. Since the normalized MFxLMS (Modified Filtered-x Least Mean Square) algorithm for the multi-channel active noise control requires a large amount of computation, the difficulty has lied in implementing the algorithm using a low-cost MCU (Microcontoller Unit). We implement the multi-channel active noise controller efficiently by optimizing the software based on the features of the MCU. By maximizing the usage of single-cycle MAC (MultiplyAccumulate) operations and minimizing move operations of the delay memory, we can achieve more than 3 times the performance in the aspect of computational optimization, and by parellel processing using the auxillary processor included in the MCU, we can also obtain more than 4 times the performance. In addition, the usage of additional parts can be minimized by maximizing the usage of the peripherals embedded in the MCU.
本文提出了一种有效实现多通道有源噪声控制的方法。由于用于多通道有源噪声控制的归一化MFxLMS (Modified filtering -x Least Mean Square)算法需要大量的计算量，难点在于使用低成本的MCU(微控制器单元)实现该算法。根据单片机的特点，通过对软件进行优化，有效地实现了多通道有源噪声控制器。通过最大化使用单周期MAC (MultiplyAccumulate)运算，最小化延迟存储器的移动运算，我们可以在计算优化方面获得3倍以上的性能，并且通过MCU中包含的辅助处理器的并行处理，我们也可以获得4倍以上的性能。此外，通过最大限度地利用嵌入在MCU中的外设，可以最大限度地减少额外部件的使用。
{"title":"The efficient implementation of the multi-channel active noise controller using a low-cost microcontroller unit","authors":"I. Chung","doi":"10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.009","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a method that can be applied to the efficient implementation of multi-channel active noise controller. Since the normalized MFxLMS (Modified Filtered-x Least Mean Square) algorithm for the multi-channel active noise control requires a large amount of computation, the difficulty has lied in implementing the algorithm using a low-cost MCU (Microcontoller Unit). We implement the multi-channel active noise controller efficiently by optimizing the software based on the features of the MCU. By maximizing the usage of single-cycle MAC (MultiplyAccumulate) operations and minimizing move operations of the delay memory, we can achieve more than 3 times the performance in the aspect of computational optimization, and by parellel processing using the auxillary processor included in the MCU, we can also obtain more than 4 times the performance. In addition, the usage of additional parts can be minimized by maximizing the usage of the peripherals embedded in the MCU.","PeriodicalId":42689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea","volume":"38 1","pages":"9-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71370631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7776/ASK.2019.38.3.363
Songjune Lee, C. Cheong, Inhiug Lee
Various studies have been conducted for the diagnosis of noise condition of complex rotary machines. In this study, diagnosis index using vibration signal is developed for the efficient and objective assessment of noise condition of a blower motor. The noise most commonly caused by the abnormal blower motor are Tick/Click noise and Tone noise. According to cause and noise characteristics, time-frequency analysis is used to diagnose Tick/Click noise, and smoothing in frequency domain is used to diagnose tone noise condition. The noise condition of the blower motors were diagnosed using the developed index and these results are compared with the diagnostic results by the experts. As a result, the agreement rate was about 95 %.
{"title":"Development of diagnosis index for tick/click and tone noise of blower motor using vibration signals","authors":"Songjune Lee, C. Cheong, Inhiug Lee","doi":"10.7776/ASK.2019.38.3.363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2019.38.3.363","url":null,"abstract":"Various studies have been conducted for the diagnosis of noise condition of complex rotary machines. In this study, diagnosis index using vibration signal is developed for the efficient and objective assessment of noise condition of a blower motor. The noise most commonly caused by the abnormal blower motor are Tick/Click noise and Tone noise. According to cause and noise characteristics, time-frequency analysis is used to diagnose Tick/Click noise, and smoothing in frequency domain is used to diagnose tone noise condition. The noise condition of the blower motors were diagnosed using the developed index and these results are compared with the diagnostic results by the experts. As a result, the agreement rate was about 95 %.","PeriodicalId":42689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea","volume":"38 1","pages":"363-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71370400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.001
Yongchul Kim, Jongmin Ahn, Ho Jun Lee, S. K. Lee, Jaehak Chung
{"title":"Analysis of underwater acoustic communication channel environment in Kyungcheon Lake","authors":"Yongchul Kim, Jongmin Ahn, Ho Jun Lee, S. K. Lee, Jaehak Chung","doi":"10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71370627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.096
Y. Jung, Keunhwa Lee, W. Seong, Seongil Kim
{"title":"Simulation of time-domain bottom reverberation signal using energy-flux model","authors":"Y. Jung, Keunhwa Lee, W. Seong, Seongil Kim","doi":"10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea","volume":"38 1","pages":"96-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71370245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.120
Seong-il Cho, Dong-Hyun Kim, Ju-Yeon Kim
Passive source depth discrimination has been studied for decades since the source depth can be used for discriminating whether the target is near the surface or submerged. In this thesis, an algorithm for source depth discrimination is proposed based on CIR (Channel Impulse Response) from target-radiated noise (or signal). In order to extract CIR without a known source signal, Ray-based blind deconvolution is used. Subsequently, intersections of CIR pattern, which is characterized by ray arrival time difference, is utilized for discriminating source depth. The proposed algorithm is demonstrated through numerical simulation in ocean waveguide, and verified via the experimental data.
{"title":"Source depth discrimination based on channel impulse response","authors":"Seong-il Cho, Dong-Hyun Kim, Ju-Yeon Kim","doi":"10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.120","url":null,"abstract":"Passive source depth discrimination has been studied for decades since the source depth can be used for discriminating whether the target is near the surface or submerged. In this thesis, an algorithm for source depth discrimination is proposed based on CIR (Channel Impulse Response) from target-radiated noise (or signal). In order to extract CIR without a known source signal, Ray-based blind deconvolution is used. Subsequently, intersections of CIR pattern, which is characterized by ray arrival time difference, is utilized for discriminating source depth. The proposed algorithm is demonstrated through numerical simulation in ocean waveguide, and verified via the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":42689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea","volume":"38 1","pages":"120-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71370258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7776/ASK.2019.38.2.145
Ara Hyun, J. Ahn, I. Yang, Gwangtae Kim
: Adaptive beamforming methods are known to suppress sidelobes and improve detection performance of weak signal by constructing weight vectors depending on the received signal itself. A standard adaptive beamforming like the MVDR (Minimum Variance Distortionless Response) is very sensitive to mismatches between weight vectors and actual signal steering vectors. Also, a large computational complexity for estimating a stable covariance matrix is required when wideband beamforming for a large-scale array is used. In this paper, we exploit the WBRCB (Wideband Robust Capon Beamforming) method for stable and robust wideband adaptive beamforming of a passive large uniform line array sonar. To improve robustness of adaptive beamforming performance in the presence of mismatches, we extract a optimum mismatch parameter. WBRCB with extracted mismatch parameter shows performance improvement in beamforming using synthetic and experimental passive sonar signals.
{"title":"A study on wideband adaptive beamforming based on WBRCB for passive uniform line array sonar","authors":"Ara Hyun, J. Ahn, I. Yang, Gwangtae Kim","doi":"10.7776/ASK.2019.38.2.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2019.38.2.145","url":null,"abstract":": Adaptive beamforming methods are known to suppress sidelobes and improve detection performance of weak signal by constructing weight vectors depending on the received signal itself. A standard adaptive beamforming like the MVDR (Minimum Variance Distortionless Response) is very sensitive to mismatches between weight vectors and actual signal steering vectors. Also, a large computational complexity for estimating a stable covariance matrix is required when wideband beamforming for a large-scale array is used. In this paper, we exploit the WBRCB (Wideband Robust Capon Beamforming) method for stable and robust wideband adaptive beamforming of a passive large uniform line array sonar. To improve robustness of adaptive beamforming performance in the presence of mismatches, we extract a optimum mismatch parameter. WBRCB with extracted mismatch parameter shows performance improvement in beamforming using synthetic and experimental passive sonar signals.","PeriodicalId":42689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea","volume":"38 1","pages":"145-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71370271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7776/ASK.2019.38.4.371
Joohyeong Lee, Geunhyeok Lee, Ki-Man Kim, Wanjin Kim
In this paper, we present the sea trial results of long distance underwater acoustic communication in the East Sea, October 2018. One transmitter and sixteen vertical array receivers were used to collect underwater acoustic communication signals, and the maximum distance between the transmitter and the receiver was 90 km. Information was transmitted by BFSK (Binary Frequency Shift Keying) and BCSK (Binary Chirp Shift Keying) method, which are typical digital frequency modulation techniques. Experimental results show that there is no error in all cases at the transmission distance of 60 km, and BFSK and BCSK have average uncoded bit error rate of 0.0197 and 0.0007 respectively without channel coding at 90 km transmission distance.
{"title":"Sea trial results of long range underwater acoustic communication based on frequency modulation in the East Sea","authors":"Joohyeong Lee, Geunhyeok Lee, Ki-Man Kim, Wanjin Kim","doi":"10.7776/ASK.2019.38.4.371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2019.38.4.371","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the sea trial results of long distance underwater acoustic communication in the East Sea, October 2018. One transmitter and sixteen vertical array receivers were used to collect underwater acoustic communication signals, and the maximum distance between the transmitter and the receiver was 90 km. Information was transmitted by BFSK (Binary Frequency Shift Keying) and BCSK (Binary Chirp Shift Keying) method, which are typical digital frequency modulation techniques. Experimental results show that there is no error in all cases at the transmission distance of 60 km, and BFSK and BCSK have average uncoded bit error rate of 0.0197 and 0.0007 respectively without channel coding at 90 km transmission distance.","PeriodicalId":42689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea","volume":"38 1","pages":"371-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71370405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.056
Kang-Hoon Choi, Young Geul Yoon, Sunhyo Kim, Hyeonsu Kim, J. Choi, H. Bae, Kyeongju Park
The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) are a toothed whale using echolocation clicks and have been studied continuously abroad. However, most studies on this whale’s clicks were performed about captive animals and, in Korea, only the studies of the whistle sounds of this animal were done. In this paper, acoustic characteristics of clicks were analyzed about the free-ranging Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins living in the coast of the Jeju Island. Acoustic parameters such as signal duration, 1st and 2nd peak frequency, 3 dB and 10 dB bandwidth for acoustic characteristics were calculated and compared with those of Australian species. As a result, the signal durations had average of 38 μs and most clicks were within range of 20 μs 60 μs. The two types of bandwidths showed both narrowband and broadband characteristics, and bimodal signal characteristics were confirmed through the 1st peak frequencies(average of 96 kHz ± 18 kHz) and the 2nd peak frequencies(average of 69 kHz ± 19 kHz).
{"title":"Analysis of echolocation click signals of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) in Jeju Island","authors":"Kang-Hoon Choi, Young Geul Yoon, Sunhyo Kim, Hyeonsu Kim, J. Choi, H. Bae, Kyeongju Park","doi":"10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2019.38.1.056","url":null,"abstract":"The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) are a toothed whale using echolocation clicks and have been studied continuously abroad. However, most studies on this whale’s clicks were performed about captive animals and, in Korea, only the studies of the whistle sounds of this animal were done. In this paper, acoustic characteristics of clicks were analyzed about the free-ranging Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins living in the coast of the Jeju Island. Acoustic parameters such as signal duration, 1st and 2nd peak frequency, 3 dB and 10 dB bandwidth for acoustic characteristics were calculated and compared with those of Australian species. As a result, the signal durations had average of 38 μs and most clicks were within range of 20 μs 60 μs. The two types of bandwidths showed both narrowband and broadband characteristics, and bimodal signal characteristics were confirmed through the 1st peak frequencies(average of 96 kHz ± 18 kHz) and the 2nd peak frequencies(average of 69 kHz ± 19 kHz).","PeriodicalId":42689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea","volume":"38 1","pages":"56-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71370232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7776/ASK.2019.38.3.247
Choi Hun, Seol, Hanshin, I. Park, Lee Soogab
: In this study, to predict the noise of a submarine propeller which is going to become bigger and faster, the non - cavitating propeller noise was predicted based on the numerical analysis which considering the interaction of the hull - appendages - propeller. In order to predict the radiated noise of the propeller, the flow field for the entire region of hull-appendages-propeller was computed by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). And the noise for the thickness noise and the load noise was numerically predicted using FW-H (Ffwocs Williams-Hawkings) acoustic analogy. Numerical noise prediction results were verified by model tests and showed good agreement with the measurement results in predicting total noise level and low frequency noise.
{"title":"Study on noise prediction of non-cavitating underwater propeller with hull-appendages effect","authors":"Choi Hun, Seol, Hanshin, I. Park, Lee Soogab","doi":"10.7776/ASK.2019.38.3.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2019.38.3.247","url":null,"abstract":": In this study, to predict the noise of a submarine propeller which is going to become bigger and faster, the non - cavitating propeller noise was predicted based on the numerical analysis which considering the interaction of the hull - appendages - propeller. In order to predict the radiated noise of the propeller, the flow field for the entire region of hull-appendages-propeller was computed by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). And the noise for the thickness noise and the load noise was numerically predicted using FW-H (Ffwocs Williams-Hawkings) acoustic analogy. Numerical noise prediction results were verified by model tests and showed good agreement with the measurement results in predicting total noise level and low frequency noise.","PeriodicalId":42689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea","volume":"38 1","pages":"247-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71370342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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