This contribution proposes some remarks on the evaluation and financing mechanisms of PRINs – Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale, promoted in Italy by the MUR - Ministry of University and Research, in the context of the critical issues and evolution prospects of peer review, of which a summary state of the art is presented. Starting from the partial and incomplete data made available on the MUR website dedicated to PRINs, are listed and examined the projects financed for the current disciplinary sector M-STO/08 (Archival Science, Bibliography and Librarianship), in the years between 1996 and 2020, and those included in other disciplinary areas that have as their subject matters related to the contents of the academic field M-STO/08.
{"title":"role of peer review in the evaluation of research in Italy. Some remarks on the evaluation of PRINs","authors":"M. Vivarelli","doi":"10.36253/jlis.it-500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-500","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution proposes some remarks on the evaluation and financing mechanisms of PRINs – Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale, promoted in Italy by the MUR - Ministry of University and Research, in the context of the critical issues and evolution prospects of peer review, of which a summary state of the art is presented. Starting from the partial and incomplete data made available on the MUR website dedicated to PRINs, are listed and examined the projects financed for the current disciplinary sector M-STO/08 (Archival Science, Bibliography and Librarianship), in the years between 1996 and 2020, and those included in other disciplinary areas that have as their subject matters related to the contents of the academic field M-STO/08.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81346748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This contribution reproduces the text of the speech that was held in the framework of the presentation of the second edition of the volume Nuovo soggettario. Guida al sistema italiano di indicizzazione per soggetto, that took place in Florence on June 7th, 2022. As happened in these years with the subject indexing tools of important national libraries, the National Central Library of Florence, too, has updated the Nuovo soggettario, that saw the light in 2007, today employed by the Italian National Bibliography (BNI) and by most libraries of the National Library System (SBN). The intervention recalls the context factors that led to the project and to the elaboration of the second edition of the Guida, fully revised and updated: the evolution of the international scene related to indexing (new standards, new conceptual models), the semantic web and the linked open data; the development of the Nuovo soggettario system as a whole (increase of terminology, connections with equivalents in other languages, with resources of archives and museums, availability of the Thesaurus in exchange formats and standard protocols, etc.). The second edition’s novelties are then illustrated: a better organized exposure of the standards, more functional to their use, a totally new first part dedicated to the principles and to the general aspects of the indexing, the confrontation with IFLA LRM, the references to the indexing of non-bibliographical resources (figurative works, photographs) of ancient works, etc. Finally, it ends by stressing the importance that the cooperation with other partner institutions and with ICCU has had in this work, and shall continue to have in the future, for a greater and greater sharing of the semantic data on behalf of the Italian libraries.
这篇文章转载了在《新索盖特里奥》第二版的介绍框架内举行的演讲的文本。Guida al sistema italiano di indicizzazione per soggetto，于2022年6月7日在佛罗伦萨举行。正如近年来重要国家图书馆的主题索引工具所发生的那样，佛罗伦萨国家中央图书馆也更新了Nuovo soggettario，该工具于2007年面世，今天被意大利国家书目(BNI)和国家图书馆系统(SBN)的大多数图书馆所采用。这次发言回顾了导致该项目和《指南》第二版经过全面修订和更新的背景因素:与索引(新标准、新概念模型)、语义网和相互联系的开放数据有关的国际形势的演变;Nuovo soggettario系统作为一个整体的发展(增加术语，与其他语言的对等物的连接，与档案和博物馆的资源，以交换格式和标准协议的Thesaurus的可用性等)。然后对第二版的新颖之处进行了说明:更好地组织了标准，更有效地使用标准，全新的第一部分致力于索引的原则和一般方面，与国际图联LRM的对抗，对古代作品的非书目资源(比喻作品，照片)的索引的参考，等等。最后，报告最后强调了与其他伙伴机构以及国际书联的合作在这项工作中的重要性，并将在未来继续为意大利图书馆提供更多的语义数据共享。
{"title":"new edition of the Guida al sistema italiano di indicizzazione per soggetto","authors":"A. Lucarelli","doi":"10.36253/jlis.it-494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-494","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution reproduces the text of the speech that was held in the framework of the presentation of the second edition of the volume Nuovo soggettario. Guida al sistema italiano di indicizzazione per soggetto, that took place in Florence on June 7th, 2022. As happened in these years with the subject indexing tools of important national libraries, the National Central Library of Florence, too, has updated the Nuovo soggettario, that saw the light in 2007, today employed by the Italian National Bibliography (BNI) and by most libraries of the National Library System (SBN). The intervention recalls the context factors that led to the project and to the elaboration of the second edition of the Guida, fully revised and updated: the evolution of the international scene related to indexing (new standards, new conceptual models), the semantic web and the linked open data; the development of the Nuovo soggettario system as a whole (increase of terminology, connections with equivalents in other languages, with resources of archives and museums, availability of the Thesaurus in exchange formats and standard protocols, etc.). The second edition’s novelties are then illustrated: a better organized exposure of the standards, more functional to their use, a totally new first part dedicated to the principles and to the general aspects of the indexing, the confrontation with IFLA LRM, the references to the indexing of non-bibliographical resources (figurative works, photographs) of ancient works, etc. Finally, it ends by stressing the importance that the cooperation with other partner institutions and with ICCU has had in this work, and shall continue to have in the future, for a greater and greater sharing of the semantic data on behalf of the Italian libraries.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88829235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The editorial gives an account of the insights that emerged during the Jlis.it seminar Modelling Knowledge, held in Florence on 19 May 2022. First, the political potential of the initiative in terms of integration and collaboration between documentary disciplines is emphasised. It then dwells on the descriptive habits of the different domains in search of more effective knowledge management models in a broad sense. Finally, the text opens up to the readiness of the journal to become a meeting place for different reflections on knowledge modelling.
{"title":"Modeling knowledge, archival and bibliographic standards in comparison. 1st JLIS.it Seminar - May 19th 2022","authors":"Editorial board","doi":"10.36253/jlis.it-493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-493","url":null,"abstract":"The editorial gives an account of the insights that emerged during the Jlis.it seminar Modelling Knowledge, held in Florence on 19 May 2022. First, the political potential of the initiative in terms of integration and collaboration between documentary disciplines is emphasised. It then dwells on the descriptive habits of the different domains in search of more effective knowledge management models in a broad sense. Finally, the text opens up to the readiness of the journal to become a meeting place for different reflections on knowledge modelling.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77142522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In questo lavoro tratteremo il tema delle entità intese come oggetti del mondo reale (real-world object) e di come questo concetto sia utilizzato nell’ambito dell’entity modeling, quel processo di identificazione e modellamento delle entità che tanta parte occupa nei progetti di conversione dei cataloghi in linked open data. L’aiuto alla comprensione di cosa questo concetto esprima nell’ambito dell’universo bibliografico ci viene dalla programmazione orientata agli oggetti, che introduce il concetto di modellamento e gestione di un “oggetto” definendone uno stato e un comportamento. Ma per modellare un oggetto è necessario identificarlo e questo processo deve avvenire, spesso, trattando quantità imponenti di dati, non necessariamente omogeneamente strutturati: l’Entity Resolution è questo insieme di processi macchina che cerca di risolvere le ambiguità date dalla disomogeneità delle descrizioni riferibili alla medesima entità. L’adozione di queste pratiche, in ambito bibliografico, muove ancora l’orizzonte dell’azione catalografica, che già si era esteso verso la più generale metadatazione, verso quel web di dati che impone un nuovo modo di intendere gli oggetti e di trattarli: l’entity modeling si annuncia come il terzo passaggio generazionale nella gestione del dato bibliografico.
{"title":"Entity modeling","authors":"Tiziana Possemato","doi":"10.36253/jlis.it-481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-481","url":null,"abstract":"In questo lavoro tratteremo il tema delle entità intese come oggetti del mondo reale (real-world object) e di come questo concetto sia utilizzato nell’ambito dell’entity modeling, quel processo di identificazione e modellamento delle entità che tanta parte occupa nei progetti di conversione dei cataloghi in linked open data. L’aiuto alla comprensione di cosa questo concetto esprima nell’ambito dell’universo bibliografico ci viene dalla programmazione orientata agli oggetti, che introduce il concetto di modellamento e gestione di un “oggetto” definendone uno stato e un comportamento. Ma per modellare un oggetto è necessario identificarlo e questo processo deve avvenire, spesso, trattando quantità imponenti di dati, non necessariamente omogeneamente strutturati: l’Entity Resolution è questo insieme di processi macchina che cerca di risolvere le ambiguità date dalla disomogeneità delle descrizioni riferibili alla medesima entità. L’adozione di queste pratiche, in ambito bibliografico, muove ancora l’orizzonte dell’azione catalografica, che già si era esteso verso la più generale metadatazione, verso quel web di dati che impone un nuovo modo di intendere gli oggetti e di trattarli: l’entity modeling si annuncia come il terzo passaggio generazionale nella gestione del dato bibliografico.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82074676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the nowadays world characterized by complexity, the digital systems for archival and bibliographic description are, especially in Italy, a faithful mirror of too many horizontal (among bodies with national functions) and vertical (among central and peripheral levels) complications. The integration of data sets conceived according to the up-to-date conceptual domain models would simplify the dynamics of representation, improve user experiences, and optimize the environmental costs of computing infrastructures. The concepts to be shared should relate to agents (individual or collective), places, and chronological data, deepening on how to address the more complex issues opened by things. This paper introduces three possible scenarios of semantic cooperation between archivists and librarians, not necessarily alternative: activating a conceptual matching through common entities, relying on a neutral semantic data infrastructure such as Wikidata, or, finally, developing a transversal core ontology. Hoping that disciplinary boundaries will not impede cooperation, two types of impediments must be considered: the organizational one (bottom-up, top-down, or a virtuous synergy between the two organizational models?) and the crucial issue of offering easy-to-use interfaces to end-users, not only constituted by software agents.
{"title":"Name, things, places: towards a semantic, sustainable, usable integration?","authors":"Pierluigi Feliciati","doi":"10.36253/jlis.it-480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-480","url":null,"abstract":"In the nowadays world characterized by complexity, the digital systems for archival and bibliographic description are, especially in Italy, a faithful mirror of too many horizontal (among bodies with national functions) and vertical (among central and peripheral levels) complications. The integration of data sets conceived according to the up-to-date conceptual domain models would simplify the dynamics of representation, improve user experiences, and optimize the environmental costs of computing infrastructures. The concepts to be shared should relate to agents (individual or collective), places, and chronological data, deepening on how to address the more complex issues opened by things. This paper introduces three possible scenarios of semantic cooperation between archivists and librarians, not necessarily alternative: activating a conceptual matching through common entities, relying on a neutral semantic data infrastructure such as Wikidata, or, finally, developing a transversal core ontology. Hoping that disciplinary boundaries will not impede cooperation, two types of impediments must be considered: the organizational one (bottom-up, top-down, or a virtuous synergy between the two organizational models?) and the crucial issue of offering easy-to-use interfaces to end-users, not only constituted by software agents.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90035139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents an analysis of user tasks in the conceptual models, with an overview of the objectives and functionsof the catalogue from Cutter to the International Cataloguing Principles, a critical reflection on user tasks and a proposalfor a rethinking of these. The user tasks as presented in the conceptual models present critical aspects, in particular theydo not bring out some important aspects concerning the users’ motivations for searches and the users’ competences. Thepresentation of some critical aspects of user Ttasks is followed by an initial proposal for a more complex reflection on howusers use catalogues to carry out searches of different kinds.
{"title":"Conceptual models and users","authors":"L. Sardo","doi":"10.36253/jlis.it-479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-479","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an analysis of user tasks in the conceptual models, with an overview of the objectives and functionsof the catalogue from Cutter to the International Cataloguing Principles, a critical reflection on user tasks and a proposalfor a rethinking of these. The user tasks as presented in the conceptual models present critical aspects, in particular theydo not bring out some important aspects concerning the users’ motivations for searches and the users’ competences. Thepresentation of some critical aspects of user Ttasks is followed by an initial proposal for a more complex reflection on howusers use catalogues to carry out searches of different kinds.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82452252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Archival description has become more and more clearly characterized in terms of transversality, as the process of assembling the representations of different information entities; these different components contribute to defining the return of an objective. To this “internal” transversality is then added the question posed by the growing need for multidimensionality functional to the technological system, in an increase which feeds reflections on normalization and the need for contextual plurality
{"title":"Archival description and conceptual transversality","authors":"Concetta Damiani","doi":"10.36253/jlis.it-485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-485","url":null,"abstract":"Archival description has become more and more clearly characterized in terms of transversality, as the process of assembling the representations of different information entities; these different components contribute to defining the return of an objective. \u0000To this “internal” transversality is then added the question posed by the growing need for multidimensionality functional to the technological system, in an increase which feeds reflections on normalization and the need for contextual plurality","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72894215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to study the technological implementation of the emergent bibliographic models (IFLA LRM in particular) taking into account one of the most widespread platforms for the semantic web, namely Wikibase. Different initiatives of implementation of LRM have been taken into account, included: a) a prototype cataloging interface; b)the implementation of the new cataloging system for the Bibliothéque Nationale de France (Bnf); c) a test of use of one of the feature of the Wikibase data model - namely the "qualifier"- to find a sustainable solution for the LRM nomen entity. Wikibase and his data model cannot be considered the magical unicorn that solves all problems. More in-depth analysis and tests are needed, but – as an intermediate result – we can consider Wikibase a promising platform also in the bibliographic field with a low entry barrier.
{"title":"Wikibase, or The search for the unicorn","authors":"G. Bergamin","doi":"10.36253/jlis.it-484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-484","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to study the technological implementation of the emergent bibliographic models (IFLA LRM in particular) taking into account one of the most widespread platforms for the semantic web, namely Wikibase. Different initiatives of implementation of LRM have been taken into account, included: a) a prototype cataloging interface; b)the implementation of the new cataloging system for the Bibliothéque Nationale de France (Bnf); c) a test of use of one of the feature of the Wikibase data model - namely the \"qualifier\"- to find a sustainable solution for the LRM nomen entity. Wikibase and his data model cannot be considered the magical unicorn that solves all problems. More in-depth analysis and tests are needed, but – as an intermediate result – we can consider Wikibase a promising platform also in the bibliographic field with a low entry barrier.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80663736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Identifiers are numeric or alphanumeric strings of characters permanently and uniquely associated with a resource to ensure stable access to it and its metadata. They play a fundamental role in the semantic web as they guarantee interoperability between different systems. Since their emergence, libraries and other institutions have been aware of their importance in data quality control processes, for the realization of authority control and universal bibliographic control, and have dedicated specific chapters for their registration within conceptual models, cataloguing standards and have provided specific fields in cataloguing formats.
{"title":"Identifiers within conceptual models and standards","authors":"Laura Manzoni","doi":"10.36253/jlis.it-473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-473","url":null,"abstract":"Identifiers are numeric or alphanumeric strings of characters permanently and uniquely associated with a resource to ensure stable access to it and its metadata. They play a fundamental role in the semantic web as they guarantee interoperability between different systems. Since their emergence, libraries and other institutions have been aware of their importance in data quality control processes, for the realization of authority control and universal bibliographic control, and have dedicated specific chapters for their registration within conceptual models, cataloguing standards and have provided specific fields in cataloguing formats.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90784131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The importance attached to subject indexing in library services, librarian awareness of its social role and practical purposes,attention to indexing practices and the use of catalogs: How are these elements reflected in the system of rules governingsubject indexing in Italy? What does “rule following”, to use Wittengenstein’s well-known expression, mean in our field?Why and how do we follow a rule? In which sense is following a rule a practice? How and in which conditions does therule relate to the practice and vice versa? Beginning with these questions, the main features of the Italian subject indexingrules are illustrated: explicit rules, based on linguistic criteria, contain justifications for why a given rule should be followedand should be sensitive to the use-context. All three of these features imply a relationship with practice; at the same time,the rules presuppose a social practice in which they are employed and express their pragmatic meaning. Thus, the indexingrules are manifested in the language of indexing through the means by which this language is used; that is, in the indexingactivity and in the use of catalogs. Hence, the call for libraries to attend to the pragmatic dimension of subject indexing.
{"title":"Rule following","authors":"Alberto Cheti","doi":"10.36253/jlis.it-488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-488","url":null,"abstract":"The importance attached to subject indexing in library services, librarian awareness of its social role and practical purposes,attention to indexing practices and the use of catalogs: How are these elements reflected in the system of rules governingsubject indexing in Italy? What does “rule following”, to use Wittengenstein’s well-known expression, mean in our field?Why and how do we follow a rule? In which sense is following a rule a practice? How and in which conditions does therule relate to the practice and vice versa? Beginning with these questions, the main features of the Italian subject indexingrules are illustrated: explicit rules, based on linguistic criteria, contain justifications for why a given rule should be followedand should be sensitive to the use-context. All three of these features imply a relationship with practice; at the same time,the rules presuppose a social practice in which they are employed and express their pragmatic meaning. Thus, the indexingrules are manifested in the language of indexing through the means by which this language is used; that is, in the indexingactivity and in the use of catalogs. Hence, the call for libraries to attend to the pragmatic dimension of subject indexing.","PeriodicalId":42905,"journal":{"name":"JLIS.it","volume":"78 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72547472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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