Pub Date : 2014-07-07DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-2013-1-65-72
Л. А. Шишко, Н. И. Романенкова, М. А. Бичурина, Татьяна Александровна Гордиенко, Н. Р. Розаева, Л. Н. Голицына, Л. Б. Фомина, О. И. Канаева, Людмила Лялина, Н. А. Новикова
Abstract. The etiology of seasonal increasing of enteroviral infection incidence in Arkhangelsk oblast in 2008–2011 has been studied. The ECHO 6, ECHO 9 and ECHO 30 viruses were isolated and identified from patients with enteroviral infection in this period. The highest enteroviral infection incidence rate in Arkhangelsk oblast which was 5,1 times higher in compare with average country index was registered in 2008. It was proved by the virological and molecular biological methods that the main etiological agent caused enteroviral meningitis cases in the seasonal outbreak in 2008 was ECHO 30 virus which was very similar to the ECHO 30 strain identified in the Veliky Novgorod in 2008. In 2009 from patients in enteroviral meningitis epidemic focus the ECHO 9 viruses were isolated. These viruses were similar to the ECHO 9 strains circulated in Russia in 2009. It was established that in the period of seasonal increasing of enteroviral infection in Arkhangelsk oblast in 2010–2011 in general circulated ECHO 6 viruses which clustered in 3 separate phylogenetic groups. Viruses ECHO 6 detected in Arkhangelsk oblast in 2011 were different from viruses identified in 2010. Results of the study confirm that monitoring of viruses in case of enteroviral infection remains the one of the important types of additional measures in the frame of Global Program of poliomyelitis eradication. This monitoring is absolutely necessary to define characteristics of epidemic process of enteroviral infection.
{"title":"ЭТИОЛОГИЯ СЕЗОННЫХ ПОДЪЕМОВ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТИ ЭНТЕРОВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИЕЙ В АРХАНГЕЛЬСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ","authors":"Л. А. Шишко, Н. И. Романенкова, М. А. Бичурина, Татьяна Александровна Гордиенко, Н. Р. Розаева, Л. Н. Голицына, Л. Б. Фомина, О. И. Канаева, Людмила Лялина, Н. А. Новикова","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-2013-1-65-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2013-1-65-72","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The etiology of seasonal increasing of enteroviral infection incidence in Arkhangelsk oblast in 2008–2011 has been studied. The ECHO 6, ECHO 9 and ECHO 30 viruses were isolated and identified from patients with enteroviral infection in this period. The highest enteroviral infection incidence rate in Arkhangelsk oblast which was 5,1 times higher in compare with average country index was registered in 2008. It was proved by the virological and molecular biological methods that the main etiological agent caused enteroviral meningitis cases in the seasonal outbreak in 2008 was ECHO 30 virus which was very similar to the ECHO 30 strain identified in the Veliky Novgorod in 2008. In 2009 from patients in enteroviral meningitis epidemic focus the ECHO 9 viruses were isolated. These viruses were similar to the ECHO 9 strains circulated in Russia in 2009. It was established that in the period of seasonal increasing of enteroviral infection in Arkhangelsk oblast in 2010–2011 in general circulated ECHO 6 viruses which clustered in 3 separate phylogenetic groups. Viruses ECHO 6 detected in Arkhangelsk oblast in 2011 were different from viruses identified in 2010. Results of the study confirm that monitoring of viruses in case of enteroviral infection remains the one of the important types of additional measures in the frame of Global Program of poliomyelitis eradication. This monitoring is absolutely necessary to define characteristics of epidemic process of enteroviral infection.","PeriodicalId":42907,"journal":{"name":"Infektsiya i Immunitet","volume":"3 1","pages":"65-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67113455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-02DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-2012-3-581-596
F. Yu. Garib, A. P. Rizopulu
Abstract. «Efficacy» of pathogens interaction with the immunity system is manifested by broad spreading of many bacterial infections including tuberculosis first of all and in activation of known and emergent pathogens. The refined mechanisms of avoiding of bacteria from recognizing by immune system as creation of obstacles for phagocytosis and intracellular killing, using of secretory systems like “syringe” for inoculation into host cells deregulated substances, suppression or enhancing of inflammatory response, activation of inhibitory receptors to suppress respiratory explosion in phagosome, decreasing of synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines by influences to inflammasomes, stimulation of cytokines production suppres sed of innate response, damage of key molecules on intracellular signal routes, manipulation with apoptosis and auto phagia with the aim of surviving and replication inside the host cells, blocking of processing and presentation of bacterial antigens have been evolutionary developed. The study of interaction between host and parasite allows to understand new facts characterized “logic of live being” on the pathogen level and to use their mechanisms of evasion for resolving of actual problems raised in human society, for example, development of original vaccines and principally new drugs for immune system correction in case of diseases such as oncogenic tumors, autoimmune and allergic diseases as well as infectious diseases which are difficult to prevent and treat. Moreover, it was proved that permanent interaction with microorganisms including pathogenic ones is useful for human being because bacterial substances “train” immune system of people and assist its evolutionary improvement.
{"title":"Взаимодействия патогенных бактерий с врожденными иммунными реакциями хозяина","authors":"F. Yu. Garib, A. P. Rizopulu","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-2012-3-581-596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2012-3-581-596","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. «Efficacy» of pathogens interaction with the immunity system is manifested by broad spreading of many bacterial infections including tuberculosis first of all and in activation of known and emergent pathogens. The refined mechanisms of avoiding of bacteria from recognizing by immune system as creation of obstacles for phagocytosis and intracellular killing, using of secretory systems like “syringe” for inoculation into host cells deregulated substances, suppression or enhancing of inflammatory response, activation of inhibitory receptors to suppress respiratory explosion in phagosome, decreasing of synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines by influences to inflammasomes, stimulation of cytokines production suppres sed of innate response, damage of key molecules on intracellular signal routes, manipulation with apoptosis and auto phagia with the aim of surviving and replication inside the host cells, blocking of processing and presentation of bacterial antigens have been evolutionary developed. The study of interaction between host and parasite allows to understand new facts characterized “logic of live being” on the pathogen level and to use their mechanisms of evasion for resolving of actual problems raised in human society, for example, development of original vaccines and principally new drugs for immune system correction in case of diseases such as oncogenic tumors, autoimmune and allergic diseases as well as infectious diseases which are difficult to prevent and treat. Moreover, it was proved that permanent interaction with microorganisms including pathogenic ones is useful for human being because bacterial substances “train” immune system of people and assist its evolutionary improvement.","PeriodicalId":42907,"journal":{"name":"Infektsiya i Immunitet","volume":"2 1","pages":"581-596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67112552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-01DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-2011-4-319-330
N. K. Tokarevich, A. A. Tronin, V. N. Seljuk, T. P. Grunicheva, E. A. Babura
Abstract. Results of monitoring of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and tick borreliosis (TB) in the western enclave of Russia in Kaliningrad oblast in 1999-2008 are presented in the article. The number of basic vector of the agents of these infections — I. ricinus during the analyzing period in the territory of Kurshskaya spit increased. The number of tick attacked persons in the oblast also increased. Despite these events the TBE incidence rates remained not so high and have tendency to decrease. At the same time the TB morbidity has moderate trend to increase. The link between increase of average annual air temperature and incidence of "tick" infections was not proved for the studying period of time. The people of pre-pension and pension ages living in cities more often suffer from TBE and TB. The most part of patients are exposed to tick attack during visiting of rest places. It was determined that eastern districts of Kaliningrad oblast are more problematic on "tick" infections.
{"title":"Эколого-эпидемиологическая характеристика клещевого энцефалита и иксодовых клещевых боррелиозов (болезни Лайма) в Калининградской области","authors":"N. K. Tokarevich, A. A. Tronin, V. N. Seljuk, T. P. Grunicheva, E. A. Babura","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-2011-4-319-330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2011-4-319-330","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Results of monitoring of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and tick borreliosis (TB) in the western enclave of Russia in Kaliningrad oblast in 1999-2008 are presented in the article. The number of basic vector of the agents of these infections — I. ricinus during the analyzing period in the territory of Kurshskaya spit increased. The number of tick attacked persons in the oblast also increased. Despite these events the TBE incidence rates remained not so high and have tendency to decrease. At the same time the TB morbidity has moderate trend to increase. The link between increase of average annual air temperature and incidence of \"tick\" infections was not proved for the studying period of time. The people of pre-pension and pension ages living in cities more often suffer from TBE and TB. The most part of patients are exposed to tick attack during visiting of rest places. It was determined that eastern districts of Kaliningrad oblast are more problematic on \"tick\" infections.","PeriodicalId":42907,"journal":{"name":"Infektsiya i Immunitet","volume":"1 1","pages":"319-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67112412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-01DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-2011-4-293-302
A. Poltorak
Abstract. Identification and studying of numerous functions of all genes of the human beings is one of the main objects of modern biological science. Due to high level of homology between mouse and human genomes the important role to reach above mentioned goal belongs to the mouse model which using in the classical genetics increase in connection with appearance of different inbred mouse lines. For instance, the differences in immune response to infectious pathogens in various mouse lines were used many times to determine immunologically competent genes. That is why the contribution of mouse model in understanding of the mechanisms of immune response to infectious pathogens is difficult to overestimate. In the current review some of the most successful and well known examples of mouse using in studies of anti-infectious response are described.
{"title":"USING OF MOUSE MODEL TO ANALYZE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO INFECTIOUS PATHOGENS BY THE METHODS OF CLASSICAL GENETICS","authors":"A. Poltorak","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-2011-4-293-302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2011-4-293-302","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Identification and studying of numerous functions of all genes of the human beings is one of the main objects of modern biological science. Due to high level of homology between mouse and human genomes the important role to reach above mentioned goal belongs to the mouse model which using in the classical genetics increase in connection with appearance of different inbred mouse lines. For instance, the differences in immune response to infectious pathogens in various mouse lines were used many times to determine immunologically competent genes. That is why the contribution of mouse model in understanding of the mechanisms of immune response to infectious pathogens is difficult to overestimate. In the current review some of the most successful and well known examples of mouse using in studies of anti-infectious response are described.","PeriodicalId":42907,"journal":{"name":"Infektsiya i Immunitet","volume":"1 1","pages":"293-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67112157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-01DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-2011-4-331-340
S. A. Sel’kov, L. I. Koroleva, A. V. Tishkov, V. B. Anikin, N. Khromov-Borisov
Abstract. The analysis of the IFN-status of healthy full-term neonatal infants and their healthy mothers with modern statistical methods was conducted. It was established that the IFN status of healthy full-term neonatal infants differs from the same of their mothers with higher occurrence of IFNs and strengthened induced production of IFNα/β and IFNγ. The statistically significant interaction between indicators of the IFN status of newborns and their mothers has been revealed. The obtained data is important for assessment of nonspecific resistance in system mother–newborn.
{"title":"ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИХ МЕТОДОВ ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ ВЗАИМОСВЯЗИ ИНТЕРФЕРОНОВОГО СТАТУСА ЗДОРОВОГО НОВОРОЖДЕННОГО И ЕГО МАТЕРИ","authors":"S. A. Sel’kov, L. I. Koroleva, A. V. Tishkov, V. B. Anikin, N. Khromov-Borisov","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-2011-4-331-340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2011-4-331-340","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The analysis of the IFN-status of healthy full-term neonatal infants and their healthy mothers with modern statistical methods was conducted. It was established that the IFN status of healthy full-term neonatal infants differs from the same of their mothers with higher occurrence of IFNs and strengthened induced production of IFNα/β and IFNγ. The statistically significant interaction between indicators of the IFN status of newborns and their mothers has been revealed. The obtained data is important for assessment of nonspecific resistance in system mother–newborn.","PeriodicalId":42907,"journal":{"name":"Infektsiya i Immunitet","volume":"1 1","pages":"331-340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67112477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-01DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-2013-3-205-212
O. Kubar, M. Bichurina, N. Romanenkova, A. Asatrian
Abstract. The current article develops the conception of previous publications on ethical, legal and social aspects of the infectious diseases. Special aspect of this article is the fact, that in its frame the results of multidisciplinary analysis of the eradication of infectious disease (poliomyelitis) are presented for the first time. Such manysided investigation of the problem of the eradication of infectious disease was based on the complex use of bioethical, epidemiological, virological and socio-normative criteria that gave the opportunity to discover the ethical features and demonstrate the great value of ethical principals for the strategy of infectious diseases eradication.
{"title":"ETHICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND VACCINATION Part 3. Ethical principals of eradication of infectious diseases","authors":"O. Kubar, M. Bichurina, N. Romanenkova, A. Asatrian","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-2013-3-205-212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2013-3-205-212","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The current article develops the conception of previous publications on ethical, legal and social aspects of the infectious diseases. Special aspect of this article is the fact, that in its frame the results of multidisciplinary analysis of the eradication of infectious disease (poliomyelitis) are presented for the first time. Such manysided investigation of the problem of the eradication of infectious disease was based on the complex use of bioethical, epidemiological, virological and socio-normative criteria that gave the opportunity to discover the ethical features and demonstrate the great value of ethical principals for the strategy of infectious diseases eradication.","PeriodicalId":42907,"journal":{"name":"Infektsiya i Immunitet","volume":"3 1","pages":"205-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67113010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-30DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-2011-3-231-242
А. Ю. Антипова
Abstract. In the third part of the review different methods of diagnostics of postnatal and congenital rubella as well as surveillance tactics and infection control are discussed.
摘要第三部分综述了产后和先天性风疹的不同诊断方法，以及监测策略和感染控制。
{"title":"ВИРУС КРАСНУХИ И ЕГО ТЕРАТОГЕННОЕ ДЕЙСТВИЕ. ПАТОГЕНЕЗ, КЛИНИКА, ДИАГНОСТИКА, ПРОФИЛАКТИКА СИНДРОМА ВРОЖДЕННОЙ КРАСНУХИ. Часть 3. Диагностика и профилактика краснухи и СВК","authors":"А. Ю. Антипова","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-2011-3-231-242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2011-3-231-242","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the third part of the review different methods of diagnostics of postnatal and congenital rubella as well as surveillance tactics and infection control are discussed.","PeriodicalId":42907,"journal":{"name":"Infektsiya i Immunitet","volume":"1 1","pages":"231-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67112446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-30DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-2011-3-271-274
N. N. Scliankina, N. V. Boldyreva, A. A. Babayants, I. S. Frolova, D. L. Belyaev, Yu. A. Portnova, O. N. Scheglovitova
Abstract. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are structurally related endopeptidase composed of active sites which include ions Zn2+ and Ca2+. Cultured cells of human blood vessels produce MMP-1, proteolytic effect is aimed at splitting the collagen I and III types, and subsequent vascular remodeling. MMP-1 is synthesized as an inactive zymogen proMMP-1. It was shown that interferon alpha, beta and gamma inhibited production by culture of HUVEC proenzyme MMP-1, which seems to characterize their anti-angiogenic action. The effect of immunomodulators is more difficult to explain: perhaps inhibiting effect of imunofan and, as well as activating effect of cycloferon due to their internal structural peculiarities. The action of interferon alpha, beta and gamma, used as HUVEC before infection with HSV-1, and after it led to decrease in production proMMP-1. Apparently, the antiangiogenic effect of IFN is saved in the case of infection of cultures of vascular endothelium with HSV-1. Scatter in the content of proMMP-1 in the serum of blood donors was 1.625–11.8 ng/ml and in patients with chronic microbial-viral infections was 1.22–21.16 ng/ml. Higher rates of proMMP-1 were in older patients group. To estimate the system of MMP in vitro, and in the body a comprehensive study must be conducted, including proMMP-1, the active form of proenzyme and specific inhibitor of MMP-1.
{"title":"Продукция проММП-1 культивируемыми клетками сосудистого эндотелия in vitro и в организме человека","authors":"N. N. Scliankina, N. V. Boldyreva, A. A. Babayants, I. S. Frolova, D. L. Belyaev, Yu. A. Portnova, O. N. Scheglovitova","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-2011-3-271-274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2011-3-271-274","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are structurally related endopeptidase composed of active sites which include ions Zn2+ and Ca2+. Cultured cells of human blood vessels produce MMP-1, proteolytic effect is aimed at splitting the collagen I and III types, and subsequent vascular remodeling. MMP-1 is synthesized as an inactive zymogen proMMP-1. It was shown that interferon alpha, beta and gamma inhibited production by culture of HUVEC proenzyme MMP-1, which seems to characterize their anti-angiogenic action. The effect of immunomodulators is more difficult to explain: perhaps inhibiting effect of imunofan and, as well as activating effect of cycloferon due to their internal structural peculiarities. The action of interferon alpha, beta and gamma, used as HUVEC before infection with HSV-1, and after it led to decrease in production proMMP-1. Apparently, the antiangiogenic effect of IFN is saved in the case of infection of cultures of vascular endothelium with HSV-1. Scatter in the content of proMMP-1 in the serum of blood donors was 1.625–11.8 ng/ml and in patients with chronic microbial-viral infections was 1.22–21.16 ng/ml. Higher rates of proMMP-1 were in older patients group. To estimate the system of MMP in vitro, and in the body a comprehensive study must be conducted, including proMMP-1, the active form of proenzyme and specific inhibitor of MMP-1.","PeriodicalId":42907,"journal":{"name":"Infektsiya i Immunitet","volume":"1 1","pages":"271-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67112032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-26DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-2011-2-107-112
Ольга Иосифовна Кубарь
Abstract. The serial materials on the history of establishment and the modern concepts of bioethics in the field of infectious pathology is planned to present in several articles. In the current report problems of forming and compliance of social responsibility are considered. It is demonstrated the universal importance of ethic principles and specificity of their realization in the different stages of combating with infectious diseases.
{"title":"ЭТИЧЕСКИЕ И ПРАВОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИНФЕКТОЛОГИИ И ВАКЦИНОПРОФИЛАКТИКИ. Часть 1. Биоэтика и социальная справедливость в инфекционной патологии","authors":"Ольга Иосифовна Кубарь","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-2011-2-107-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2011-2-107-112","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The serial materials on the history of establishment and the modern concepts of bioethics in the field of infectious pathology is planned to present in several articles. In the current report problems of forming and compliance of social responsibility are considered. It is demonstrated the universal importance of ethic principles and specificity of their realization in the different stages of combating with infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":42907,"journal":{"name":"Infektsiya i Immunitet","volume":"1 1","pages":"107-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67112386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-01-01DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-2013-1-59-64
L. Sklyar, E. Markelova, I. Gorelova
{"title":"EFFICIENCY OF IMMUNOCORRECTION IN СHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS C PATIENTS TREATED BY ANTIVIRALS","authors":"L. Sklyar, E. Markelova, I. Gorelova","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-2013-1-59-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2013-1-59-64","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42907,"journal":{"name":"Infektsiya i Immunitet","volume":"3 1","pages":"59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67113048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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