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A breakdown of reformatory education: remembering Westbrook 改造教育的分解:记住威斯布鲁克
IF 0.4 Q3 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1108/HER-12-2016-0037
Clarissa Carden
PurposeWestbrook Farm Home for Boys in Queensland, Australia, existed in various forms for over 100 years. As such, it offers a valuable window into Australian approaches to managing and reforming boys through the twentieth century. The purpose of this paper is to examine its approach to reforming teenage boys during a period marked by a mass escape in 1961. It argues that the reformatory education initially intended was no longer tenable during this moment in history, and that this period represents a breakdown of that approach.Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws on material including newspaper reports, memoirs, and the report of an inquiry into an escape by inmates in 1961. These are analysed in order to construct a picture of the type of reformatory education during this period and the public and official responses to this.FindingsWestbrook Farm Home for Boys was, during this period, an institution attempting to provide a reformatory education at a historical moment when such an education was no longer viewed as appropriate means of addressing the criminal behaviour of youths. This, combined with the leadership of a domineering figure in Superintendent Roy Golledge, led to a culture of abuse, rather than education. The uncovering of this culture was a pivotal moment in the transition of Westbrook into an institution explicitly dealing with criminal youths.Originality/valueNo academic work relating to this moment in Westbrook’s history has been previously published.
澳大利亚昆士兰州的westbrook农场男孩之家以各种形式存在了100多年。因此,它为了解20世纪澳大利亚管理和改革男孩的方法提供了一个宝贵的窗口。本文的目的是研究在1961年以大规模逃亡为标志的时期,它对十几岁男孩的改造方法。它认为,最初意图的改造教育在这个历史时刻已经站不住脚,这一时期代表了这种方法的崩溃。设计/方法/方法本文参考的材料包括报纸报道、回忆录和1961年一起囚犯越狱事件的调查报告。本文对这些问题进行了分析,以便勾勒出这一时期的改造教育类型以及公众和官方对此的反应。在这一时期,威斯布鲁克农场男孩之家是一个试图提供改造教育的机构,因为这种教育不再被视为解决青少年犯罪行为的适当手段。这一点,再加上罗伊·高利奇(Roy Golledge)这个霸道人物的领导,导致了一种虐待文化,而不是教育。这种文化的发现是威斯布鲁克转变为一个明确处理犯罪青年的机构的关键时刻。关于威斯布鲁克历史上这一时刻的学术著作之前没有发表过。
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引用次数: 6
The “special experiment” in languages 语言的“特殊实验”
IF 0.4 Q3 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1108/HER-01-2017-0002
C. Bryant, B. Mascitelli
PurposeThe Victorian School of Languages began on the margins of the Victorian education system in 1935 as a “special experiment” supported by the Chief Inspector of Secondary Schools, J.A Seitz. The purpose of this paper is to present a historical analysis of the first 15 years of the “special experiment” and it reports on the school’s fragile beginnings.Design/methodology/approachThe historical analysis draws on archival materials, oral sources and other primary documents from the first 15 years of the Saturday language classes, to explore its fragile role and status within the Victorian education system.FindingsThe Saturday language classes were experimental in nature and were initially intended to pilot niche subjects in the languages curriculum. Despite support from influential stakeholders, widespread interest and a promising response from teachers and students, the student enrolments dwindled, especially in the war years. As fate would have it, the two languages initially established (Japanese and Italian) faced a hostile war environment and only just survived. Questions about the continuing viability of the classes were raised, but they were championed by Seitz.Originality/valueTo date, this is one of few scholarly explorations of the origins of the Victorian School of Languages, a school which became a model for Australia’s other State Specialist Language Schools. This paper contributes to the literature about the VSL, a school that existed on the margins but played a pioneering role in the expansion of the language curriculum in Victoria.
维多利亚语言学校于1935年在维多利亚教育体系的边缘开始,作为一项“特殊实验”,由中学总督察j.a. Seitz支持。本文的目的是对“特殊实验”的前15年进行历史分析,并报告学校脆弱的开端。设计/方法/方法历史分析利用档案材料、口述来源和其他主要文件,从前15年的星期六语言班,探索其脆弱的角色和地位在维多利亚教育体系。星期六的语言课本质上是实验性的,最初是为了在语言课程中试点小众科目。尽管得到了有影响力的利益相关者的支持、广泛的兴趣和教师和学生的积极回应,学生入学人数还是减少了,特别是在战争年代。由于命运的安排,最初建立的两种语言(日语和意大利语)面临着充满敌意的战争环境,只能勉强生存下来。人们对这些课程的持续可行性提出了质疑,但塞茨支持这些问题。原创性/价值迄今为止,这是对维多利亚语言学校起源的为数不多的学术探索之一,这所学校成为澳大利亚其他州立专业语言学校的典范。这篇论文有助于文献关于VSL,一所学校,存在于边缘,但在语言课程在维多利亚的扩展发挥了先锋作用。
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引用次数: 0
Diploma Mills: How for-Profit Colleges Stiffed Students, Taxpayers, and the American Dream 《文凭工厂:盈利性大学如何欺骗学生、纳税人和美国梦
IF 0.4 Q3 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1108/HER-10-2017-0020
H. Forsyth
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引用次数: 0
Maintaining Segregation: Children and Racial Instruction in the South, 1920-1955 维持种族隔离:南方儿童与种族教育,1920-1955
IF 0.4 Q3 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1108/her-01-2018-0003
ArCasia James
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引用次数: 0
Bibles in State schools 公立学校的圣经
IF 0.4 Q3 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1108/HER-07-2016-0029
Clarissa Carden
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the work of the Bible in State Schools League in Queensland during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, culminating in the 1910 referendum on religious education in Queensland government schools. Through examining its campaign and the statements of supporters and opponents this paper seeks to examine the role of the school in relation to morality in this early period of the Queensland history.Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws upon archival material, parliamentary debates, materials published by the Bible in State Schools League and contemporaneous newspaper accounts. These data are thematically analysed.FindingsThere was widespread agreement within the early Queensland society that the school was a place for moral formation. The Bible in State Schools League highlighted the tensions in the relationship between morals and religion in relation to the school.Research limitations/implicationsThis research problematises the notion that developments in education have followed a straight line from religiosity to secularisation.Originality/valueVery little has been published to date about the Queensland Bible in State Schools League. This paper goes some way to filling this lacuna.
目的:本文的目的是研究19世纪末和20世纪初昆士兰州公立学校联盟的圣经工作,最终在1910年昆士兰州公立学校的宗教教育全民公决中达到高潮。通过考察其竞选活动和支持者和反对者的声明,本文试图考察学校在昆士兰历史早期与道德有关的作用。设计/方法/方法本文借鉴了档案材料、议会辩论、《圣经》在州立学校联盟中发表的材料和当时的报纸报道。对这些数据进行了专题分析。在早期昆士兰社会中,人们普遍认为学校是道德形成的场所。《公立学校圣经联盟》强调了道德与宗教与学校之间的紧张关系。研究的局限性/意义这项研究质疑了教育的发展是沿着一条从宗教性到世俗化的直线发展的观念。原创性/价值迄今为止,关于昆士兰州立学校联盟圣经的出版物很少。本文在某种程度上填补了这一空白。
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引用次数: 3
Setting theory to work in history of education 设置理论在教育史中的作用
IF 0.4 Q3 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1108/HER-05-2017-0009
R. Coloma
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between theory and history, or more specifically the role and use of theory in the field of history of education. It will explore the following questions: What is theory, and what is it for? How do historians and, in particular, historians of education construe and use theory? And how do they respond to openly theoretical work? The author poses these questions in light of ongoing discussions in the field of history of education regarding the role, relevance, and utility of theory in historical research, analysis, and narratives.Design/methodology/approachThe explicit use of theory in historical research is not altogether new, tracing an intellectual genealogy since the mid-1800s when disciplinary boundaries among academic fields were not so rigidly defined, developed and regulated. The paper analyzes three books that are geographically located in North America (USA), Australia, Europe (Great Britain) and Asia (India), thereby offering a transnational view of the use of theory in history of education. It also examines how historians of education respond to explicitly theoretical work by analyzing, as a case study, a 2011 special issue in History of Education Quarterly.FindingsFirst, the paper delineates theory as a multidimensional concept and practice with varying and competing meanings and interpretations. Second, it examines three book-length historical studies of education that employ theoretical frameworks drawing from cultural, feminist poststructuralist and postcolonial approaches. The author’s analysis of these manuscripts reveals that historians of education who explicitly engage with theory pursue their research in reflexive, disruptive and generative modes. Lastly, it utilizes a recent scholarly exchange as a case study of how some historians of education respond to theoretically informed work. It highlights three lenses – reading with insistence, for resistance, and beyond – to understand the responses to the author’s paper on Foucault and poststructuralism.Originality/valueSetting theory to work has a fundamentally transformative role to play in our thinking, writing and teaching as scholars, educators and students and in the productive re-imagining of history of education.
本文的目的是分析理论与历史的关系,或者更具体地说,理论在教育史领域的作用和应用。它将探讨以下问题:什么是理论?理论的目的是什么?历史学家,特别是教育历史学家是如何解释和运用理论的?他们如何回应公开的理论工作?作者提出这些问题,是根据教育史领域正在进行的关于理论在历史研究、分析和叙述中的作用、相关性和效用的讨论。设计/方法/方法在历史研究中明确使用理论并不完全是新的,追溯自19世纪中期以来的知识谱系,当时学术领域之间的学科界限还没有如此严格地定义、发展和规范。本文分析了地理位置分别位于北美(美国)、澳大利亚、欧洲(英国)和亚洲(印度)的三本书,从而提供了理论在教育史中应用的跨国视角。它还通过分析2011年《教育史季刊》(History of education Quarterly)的一期特刊,作为案例研究,考察了教育历史学家如何回应明确的理论工作。首先,本文将理论描述为具有不同和竞争意义和解释的多维概念和实践。其次,它考察了三本书长度的教育历史研究,这些研究采用了来自文化、女权主义、后结构主义和后殖民方法的理论框架。作者对这些手稿的分析表明,明确从事理论研究的教育历史学家以反思性、破坏性和生成模式进行研究。最后,它利用最近的学术交流作为一些教育历史学家如何回应理论告知工作的案例研究。它强调了三个视角——坚持阅读、抵抗阅读和超越阅读——来理解对作者关于福柯和后结构主义的论文的回应。作为学者、教育工作者和学生,让理论发挥作用对我们的思考、写作和教学,以及对教育史的富有成效的重新想象,都具有根本性的变革作用。
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引用次数: 1
The Australian Idea of a University 澳大利亚的大学理念
IF 0.4 Q3 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1108/HER-03-2018-0009
N. Riemer
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引用次数: 8
“To think in enterprising ways”: enterprise education and enterprise culture in New Zealand “以进取的方式思考”:新西兰的企业教育与企业文化
IF 0.4 Q3 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1108/HER-10-2017-0017
Sam Oldham
PurposeEnterprise education (EE) is a growing educational phenomenon. Despite its proliferation globally, there is little critical research on the field. In particular, the ideological potential of EE has been ignored by education scholars. This paper is the first to review the history of the Enterprise New Zealand Trust (ENZT) (known as the Young Enterprise Trust from 2009), as the largest and oldest organisation for the delivery of EE in New Zealand. It examines the activities of the ENZT and its networks in the context of the ascent of neoliberalism including its cultural manifestation in the form of a national “enterprise culture”. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the precise nature of the proximity between the ENZT and neoliberal ideology.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses document analysis, internet searches and interviews to reconstruct aspects of the history of the ENZT. Historical examination of the ENZT is in part obstructed by a lack of access to direct source material prior to the 1990s, as publications and materials of the ENZT are only available in archives from the early 1990s. The ENZT was, however, important to broader historical networks and actors, such as employer associations and think tanks, who left behind more robust records. Unlike the ENZT itself, these actors are given significant attention in literature which can be drawn upon to further enhance understandings of the ENZT and its relationship to neoliberalism.FindingsThis paper reveals that the ENZT has been a major conduit for enterprise culture and neoliberalism since its inception. It has been explicitly concerned with the development of enterprise culture through activities targeting both school students and the general public. Its educational activities, though presented in non-ideological terms, were designed to inculcate students in neoliberal or free market capitalist principles, including amenability towards private ownership of goods and services, private investment, private finance of public projects, free markets and free trade. These findings might serve to encourage critical attitudes among researchers and policy actors as to the broader ideological role of EE on a general scale.Research limitations/implicationsEE on the whole requires closer examination by critical education researchers. The overwhelmingly majority of existing research is concerned with enhancing the practices of EE, while deeper questions regarding its ideological implications are ignored. Perhaps as a result, EE as a conceptual category lacks definitional clarity, as researchers and policy actors grapple with its meaning. If it can be established that EE schemes are not merely “neutral” or non-ideological educational projects, but rather are serious purveyors of ideology, this should have implications for future research and particularly for policy actors involved in the field. A review of the history of the ENZT may be illuminative in this respect, as
企业教育是一种新兴的教育现象。尽管它在全球范围内扩散,但对该领域的批判性研究却很少。特别是,情感表达的思想潜能一直被教育学者所忽视。本文首先回顾了企业新西兰信托(ENZT)的历史(从2009年开始被称为青年企业信托),作为新西兰最大和最古老的EE交付组织。它考察了ENZT及其网络在新自由主义兴起的背景下的活动,包括其以国家“企业文化”形式的文化表现。本文的目的是调查endt和新自由主义意识形态之间接近的确切性质。设计/方法/方法本文采用文献分析、网络搜索和访谈的方法来重建endt历史的各个方面。由于缺乏1990年代以前的直接来源材料,对ENZT的历史检查在一定程度上受到阻碍,因为ENZT的出版物和材料只能从1990年代初的档案中获得。然而,ENZT对于更广泛的历史网络和参与者(如雇主协会和智库)是重要的,他们留下了更可靠的记录。与ENZT本身不同,这些行动者在文献中得到了极大的关注,可以利用这些文献进一步加强对ENZT及其与新自由主义关系的理解。本文揭示了ENZT自成立以来一直是企业文化和新自由主义的主要渠道。它明确地关注通过针对学校学生和公众的活动来发展企业文化。它的教育活动虽然以非意识形态的方式呈现,但其目的是向学生灌输新自由主义或自由市场资本主义原则,包括对商品和服务的私人所有权、私人投资、公共项目的私人融资、自由市场和自由贸易的服从。这些发现可能有助于鼓励研究人员和政策参与者对情感表达在一般范围内更广泛的意识形态作用的批评态度。研究局限/启示总体而言,这需要批判性教育研究者进行更深入的研究。现有的绝大多数研究都关注于增强情感表达的实践,而忽略了关于其意识形态含义的更深层次的问题。也许正因为如此,研究人员和政策制定者在努力理解其含义时,情感表达作为一个概念类别缺乏明确的定义。如果可以确定情感表达计划不仅仅是“中立的”或非意识形态的教育项目,而是意识形态的严肃提供者,这应该对未来的研究,特别是对参与该领域的政策参与者有影响。回顾ENZT的历史可能在这方面具有启发性,因为它揭示了该组织故意传递政治或意识形态信息的记录。原创性/价值本文首次回顾了ENZT作为新西兰最大的电子电气供应商的历史。近几十年来,电子商务已成为一种全球现象。在20世纪70年代之前,它在新西兰并不存在,但现在它是学校系统的主要内容,其原则被写入了国家课程文件。在1986年ENZT成立后的十年里,十所中学中有八所使用了它的服务。尽管如此,ENZT在现有的历史文献中几乎是缺席的。分析ENZT的历史可以加深对新西兰教育中一个重要角色的理解,它的历史被忽视了,同时也提供了对情感表达更广泛的意识形态含义的洞察。
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引用次数: 3
Educational Reform and Environmental Concern: A History of School Nature Study in Australia 教育改革与环境关注:澳大利亚学校自然研究的历史
IF 0.4 Q3 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1108/HER-01-2018-0002
C. Campbell
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引用次数: 0
A Frenchwoman’s Imperial Story: Madame Luce in Nineteenth-Century Algeria 一个法国女人的帝国故事:19世纪阿尔及利亚的卢斯夫人
IF 0.4 Q3 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.1108/her-01-2018-0001
T. Allender
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引用次数: 0
期刊
History of Education Review
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