Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018318
M. Ruzicka, P. Masek
This paper deals with design of hybrid software and hardware sensor, which can be used for mobile robots visual odometry task. The paper is focused to sensing raw data only. This approach combines onboard hardware sensors - accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer and camera with software module, which is mainly based on computer vision. Output from vision system is relative change of position and rotation of mobile robot. The position change is calculated for two axes based on vision data and the relative rotation is based on data fusion of three onboard sensors.
{"title":"Design of visual odometry system for mobile robot","authors":"M. Ruzicka, P. Masek","doi":"10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018318","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with design of hybrid software and hardware sensor, which can be used for mobile robots visual odometry task. The paper is focused to sensing raw data only. This approach combines onboard hardware sensors - accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer and camera with software module, which is mainly based on computer vision. Output from vision system is relative change of position and rotation of mobile robot. The position change is calculated for two axes based on vision data and the relative rotation is based on data fusion of three onboard sensors.","PeriodicalId":430829,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika 2014","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134051555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018319
R. Cipín, I. Pazdera, P. Procházka, J. Knobloch, D. Cervinka, J. Kadlec
This article deals with a comparison of discrete and continuous fractional speed controller of DC motor with permanent magnets. The first part of this article deals with an introduction into fractional calculus with aim to software implementation of fractional controller. The discrete controller is based on direct use of Grunwald-Letnikov interpretation of fraction derivative. The continuous fractional controller is based on Oustaloup's recursive approximation of fractional derivative. The second part deals with a comparison of both fractional controllers with a PI controller for DC motor with permanent magnets. Optimal parameters for all controllers are found by a genetic algorithm.
{"title":"Discrete and continuous fractional controllers","authors":"R. Cipín, I. Pazdera, P. Procházka, J. Knobloch, D. Cervinka, J. Kadlec","doi":"10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018319","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with a comparison of discrete and continuous fractional speed controller of DC motor with permanent magnets. The first part of this article deals with an introduction into fractional calculus with aim to software implementation of fractional controller. The discrete controller is based on direct use of Grunwald-Letnikov interpretation of fraction derivative. The continuous fractional controller is based on Oustaloup's recursive approximation of fractional derivative. The second part deals with a comparison of both fractional controllers with a PI controller for DC motor with permanent magnets. Optimal parameters for all controllers are found by a genetic algorithm.","PeriodicalId":430829,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika 2014","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114502651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018303
V. Kindl, K. Hruska, J. Sobra, M. Byrtus
The paper discusses the air gap field distribution of an induction machine operating under special conditions. It focuses mainly on effects of machine's load and its rotor eccentricity on volume of space harmonics and their magnitudes. The study compares limited analytical prediction with full-scale FEA approach and gives a short overview of crucial aspects of machines' design.
{"title":"Effect of induction machine's load and rotor eccentricity on space harmonics in the air gap magnetic flux density","authors":"V. Kindl, K. Hruska, J. Sobra, M. Byrtus","doi":"10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018303","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the air gap field distribution of an induction machine operating under special conditions. It focuses mainly on effects of machine's load and its rotor eccentricity on volume of space harmonics and their magnitudes. The study compares limited analytical prediction with full-scale FEA approach and gives a short overview of crucial aspects of machines' design.","PeriodicalId":430829,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika 2014","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131087149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018352
R. Vlach
This paper describes a novel approach to thermoelectric generator modeling as complex energy harvesting system. The thermoelectric generator model includes three main effects that are Thomson effect, Seebeck effect and Joule heat. The influence of heat sources and heat sinks as well as the load resistance that significantly affect properties of thermoelectric generator is also considered. The SimScape tool that extends Matlab/Simulink is used as tool for physical modeling of thermoelectric generator. Therefore, the energy harvesting model using thermoelectric generator can be easy extended by other device for example DC/DC converter. The energy harvesting model that uses thermoelectric generator (TEG) for the conversion of thermal to electric energy and DC/DC converter is presented in this paper.
{"title":"Novel approach to thermoelectric generator modeling as energy harvesting system","authors":"R. Vlach","doi":"10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018352","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a novel approach to thermoelectric generator modeling as complex energy harvesting system. The thermoelectric generator model includes three main effects that are Thomson effect, Seebeck effect and Joule heat. The influence of heat sources and heat sinks as well as the load resistance that significantly affect properties of thermoelectric generator is also considered. The SimScape tool that extends Matlab/Simulink is used as tool for physical modeling of thermoelectric generator. Therefore, the energy harvesting model using thermoelectric generator can be easy extended by other device for example DC/DC converter. The energy harvesting model that uses thermoelectric generator (TEG) for the conversion of thermal to electric energy and DC/DC converter is presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":430829,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika 2014","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122928483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018278
T. Gordon, Yangyan Gao
Modern active safety systems on road vehicles are capable of sophisticated motion control, e.g. for emergency braking, collision avoidance etc. - assisting or potentially overriding the driver to make speed and/or path corrections. The availability of multiple actuators - especially individual wheel braking, active front steering - enables an agile response from the vehicle, even compared to that of the most skilled human driver. For collision avoidance, a typical control approach is to: (a) define a reference geometric path that avoids collision; (b) apply low level control to perform path following. However there are a number of limitations in this approach, addressed in the current paper. First, it is typically unknown whether the reference path is feasible or over-conservative. Secondly, the control scheme is not well suited to avoiding a moving object, e.g. another vehicle. Further, any incorrect choice of reference path may degrade performance, fast adaptation to friction change is not easy to implement and the associated low-level control allocation may be computationally intensive. In this paper we make use of a particle model for initial path planning and guidance, coupled with a simplified optimal controller, used for control integration and low-level actuation. The particle trajectory is only used as a starting point for control integration; the trajectory is not required to be followed. Instead, motion is maximized in a preferred direction away from possible collision, so the particle trajectory is used for prioritization rather than strict guidance. The aim of the present paper is to show the general feasibility of a simple control algorithm based on a linear Hamiltonian function.
{"title":"A flexible hierarchical control method for optimal collision avoidance","authors":"T. Gordon, Yangyan Gao","doi":"10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018278","url":null,"abstract":"Modern active safety systems on road vehicles are capable of sophisticated motion control, e.g. for emergency braking, collision avoidance etc. - assisting or potentially overriding the driver to make speed and/or path corrections. The availability of multiple actuators - especially individual wheel braking, active front steering - enables an agile response from the vehicle, even compared to that of the most skilled human driver. For collision avoidance, a typical control approach is to: (a) define a reference geometric path that avoids collision; (b) apply low level control to perform path following. However there are a number of limitations in this approach, addressed in the current paper. First, it is typically unknown whether the reference path is feasible or over-conservative. Secondly, the control scheme is not well suited to avoiding a moving object, e.g. another vehicle. Further, any incorrect choice of reference path may degrade performance, fast adaptation to friction change is not easy to implement and the associated low-level control allocation may be computationally intensive. In this paper we make use of a particle model for initial path planning and guidance, coupled with a simplified optimal controller, used for control integration and low-level actuation. The particle trajectory is only used as a starting point for control integration; the trajectory is not required to be followed. Instead, motion is maximized in a preferred direction away from possible collision, so the particle trajectory is used for prioritization rather than strict guidance. The aim of the present paper is to show the general feasibility of a simple control algorithm based on a linear Hamiltonian function.","PeriodicalId":430829,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika 2014","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116308058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018315
Pham Ich Quy, M. Polasek
Image processing techniques play an important role in military applications. Image binarization could be understood as a process of pixel values segmentation of grayscale image into two value groups, zero as a background and 1 as a foreground. In simple humor application of object detection we assume that contrast distribution of foreground is uniformed and without background noise or that variation in contrast does not exist. However, in complex cases previous conditions are inappropriate as variation in contrast exists and it does include background noise, etc. This paper deals with object detection in infrared images for military application using an image binarization step. Military targets are detected in different conditions such as winter condition, summer condition, at night etc. This paper focuses on combination of two methods of image binarization. One is the global binarization method proposed by Otsu and the other one is the local adaptive threshold technique. The global binarization method is usually faster than the local adaptive method and the global method will give good results for specific weather conditions such as object detection in winter condition. In these cases, acquired images have uniform contrast distribution of foreground and background and little variation in illumination. We are looking for an effective method for object detection in infrared images in challenging conditions such as summer conditions or in an urban environment, where there is a shortage of objects of interest. In these cases, we employed local mean techniques and local variance techniques. The experiment results are presented so that we can better choose which method should be employed or what combination of these previous techniques to employ. In order to minimise computational time of local thresholding technique, we employed a combination of two previous techniques. The algorithm was tested in a Matlab environment and the tested pictures were acquired by RayCam C.A. 1884 and thermoIMAGER 160 cameras.
{"title":"Using thresholding techniques for object detection in infrared images","authors":"Pham Ich Quy, M. Polasek","doi":"10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018315","url":null,"abstract":"Image processing techniques play an important role in military applications. Image binarization could be understood as a process of pixel values segmentation of grayscale image into two value groups, zero as a background and 1 as a foreground. In simple humor application of object detection we assume that contrast distribution of foreground is uniformed and without background noise or that variation in contrast does not exist. However, in complex cases previous conditions are inappropriate as variation in contrast exists and it does include background noise, etc. This paper deals with object detection in infrared images for military application using an image binarization step. Military targets are detected in different conditions such as winter condition, summer condition, at night etc. This paper focuses on combination of two methods of image binarization. One is the global binarization method proposed by Otsu and the other one is the local adaptive threshold technique. The global binarization method is usually faster than the local adaptive method and the global method will give good results for specific weather conditions such as object detection in winter condition. In these cases, acquired images have uniform contrast distribution of foreground and background and little variation in illumination. We are looking for an effective method for object detection in infrared images in challenging conditions such as summer conditions or in an urban environment, where there is a shortage of objects of interest. In these cases, we employed local mean techniques and local variance techniques. The experiment results are presented so that we can better choose which method should be employed or what combination of these previous techniques to employ. In order to minimise computational time of local thresholding technique, we employed a combination of two previous techniques. The algorithm was tested in a Matlab environment and the tested pictures were acquired by RayCam C.A. 1884 and thermoIMAGER 160 cameras.","PeriodicalId":430829,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika 2014","volume":"275 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122748782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018285
Mikolaj Wasielica, Marek Wasik
In this paper we describe the active stabilization of a humanoid robot. It is based on the data obtained from an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), which is placed in the robot's torso. IMU includes accelerometer and gyroscope. Relying on these data, we propose the algorithm that maintains stability of the robot, while the support platform tilts. Our experimental object was a small humanoid robot M-Bot, which was built by authors and is shortly described in this paper. To determine the orientation of the robot we developed a digital filter. To maintain the static stability we decided to implement a controller based on the position of the Center of Mass (COM) projection on the ground plane. To adjust COM position we use ankle and hip strategy. These strategies provide stabilization only in one plane. To improve side stability we propose the leg adjustments. This algorithm detects the possibility of exceeding outer boundary of the foot by COM and adjusts configuration of the leg to prevent against falling to one side. The developed algorithms were fully tested on a real construction of M-bot robot. Experimental results demonstrated that our implementation successfully stabilizes a humanoid robot.
{"title":"Active stabilization of a humanoid robot base on inertial measurement unit data","authors":"Mikolaj Wasielica, Marek Wasik","doi":"10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018285","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe the active stabilization of a humanoid robot. It is based on the data obtained from an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), which is placed in the robot's torso. IMU includes accelerometer and gyroscope. Relying on these data, we propose the algorithm that maintains stability of the robot, while the support platform tilts. Our experimental object was a small humanoid robot M-Bot, which was built by authors and is shortly described in this paper. To determine the orientation of the robot we developed a digital filter. To maintain the static stability we decided to implement a controller based on the position of the Center of Mass (COM) projection on the ground plane. To adjust COM position we use ankle and hip strategy. These strategies provide stabilization only in one plane. To improve side stability we propose the leg adjustments. This algorithm detects the possibility of exceeding outer boundary of the foot by COM and adjusts configuration of the leg to prevent against falling to one side. The developed algorithms were fully tested on a real construction of M-bot robot. Experimental results demonstrated that our implementation successfully stabilizes a humanoid robot.","PeriodicalId":430829,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika 2014","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128158176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018353
J. Krejci, T. Zeman, J. Hrad
This paper describes a new model for studying impulse noise in metallic lines and offers theoretical base for modeling of impulse noise in digital communication systems intended for use with medium-voltage power distribution lines.
{"title":"Modeling of impulse noise in access networks","authors":"J. Krejci, T. Zeman, J. Hrad","doi":"10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018353","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new model for studying impulse noise in metallic lines and offers theoretical base for modeling of impulse noise in digital communication systems intended for use with medium-voltage power distribution lines.","PeriodicalId":430829,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika 2014","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128385992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018248
J. Knobloch, D. Cervinka, P. Procházka, J. Kadlec, R. Cipín, I. Pazdera
The paper describes design and realization of the universal test bench intended for testing of electric traction machines for electric pallet truck and forklifts. The extreme parameters (Output current up to 500A and max. output voltage up to 600V) are desired for possibility to test prototypes of the motors with wide range of voltages and currents. Another unconventional parameter of this test bench is availability to connect wide range of speed and positions sensors commonly used in motor applications (resolvers, sin/cos encoders, incremental encoders or others sensors with various digital interfaces). The paper describes design of power part of the test bench as well as its control and measurement structure with sensor data processing circuits. Significant part of the article is the example of use “reconfigurable topology amplifier” tool for adaptation of current sensor signal to analog-digital converter.
{"title":"Universal test bench for AC traction motors 600V/500A","authors":"J. Knobloch, D. Cervinka, P. Procházka, J. Kadlec, R. Cipín, I. Pazdera","doi":"10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018248","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes design and realization of the universal test bench intended for testing of electric traction machines for electric pallet truck and forklifts. The extreme parameters (Output current up to 500A and max. output voltage up to 600V) are desired for possibility to test prototypes of the motors with wide range of voltages and currents. Another unconventional parameter of this test bench is availability to connect wide range of speed and positions sensors commonly used in motor applications (resolvers, sin/cos encoders, incremental encoders or others sensors with various digital interfaces). The paper describes design of power part of the test bench as well as its control and measurement structure with sensor data processing circuits. Significant part of the article is the example of use “reconfigurable topology amplifier” tool for adaptation of current sensor signal to analog-digital converter.","PeriodicalId":430829,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika 2014","volume":"291 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129721939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018254
M. Nesarajah, Felix Felgner, Georg Frey
This contribution presents a simulation model of an Energy Harvesting System (EHS) based on Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs) using waste heat from the exhaust pipe of an oil-fired heating system. The overall system is modeled and simulated in the component-oriented environment Modelica®/Dymola®. The model is used to analyze and verify different control concepts to maximize the power output of the EHS. The TEGs used are devices consisting of thermoelectric material that exploit a temperature difference to generate electrical energy due to the Seebeck Effect. By means of TEGs, the overall energy efficiency of combustion processes can be improved by converting a portion of the remaining waste heat into electric power. For this purpose, TEG pairs (pTEGs) are installed on the exhaust pipe alongside the exhaust gas stream. However, with the exhaust gas losing heat in downstream direction, the final pTEG may lower the overall EHS performance due to their electrical resistance. With the help of the presented simulation model, it is possible to remove detrimental pTEGs from the EHS. This removal may happen either statically, i.e. in the design phase, or dynamically, i.e. by finding the ideal instant of time to disconnect and to revive them during operation.
{"title":"Modeling and simulation of a thermoelectric Energy Harvesting System for control design purposes","authors":"M. Nesarajah, Felix Felgner, Georg Frey","doi":"10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECHATRONIKA.2014.7018254","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution presents a simulation model of an Energy Harvesting System (EHS) based on Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs) using waste heat from the exhaust pipe of an oil-fired heating system. The overall system is modeled and simulated in the component-oriented environment Modelica®/Dymola®. The model is used to analyze and verify different control concepts to maximize the power output of the EHS. The TEGs used are devices consisting of thermoelectric material that exploit a temperature difference to generate electrical energy due to the Seebeck Effect. By means of TEGs, the overall energy efficiency of combustion processes can be improved by converting a portion of the remaining waste heat into electric power. For this purpose, TEG pairs (pTEGs) are installed on the exhaust pipe alongside the exhaust gas stream. However, with the exhaust gas losing heat in downstream direction, the final pTEG may lower the overall EHS performance due to their electrical resistance. With the help of the presented simulation model, it is possible to remove detrimental pTEGs from the EHS. This removal may happen either statically, i.e. in the design phase, or dynamically, i.e. by finding the ideal instant of time to disconnect and to revive them during operation.","PeriodicalId":430829,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika 2014","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130602713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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