Journal of Digestive Endoscopy最新文献

英文中文

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube Gone Wrong: Endoscopic Closure to the Rescue 经皮内窥镜胃造口管出错:内窥镜关闭抢救

IF 0.7 Q4 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy

Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739563

J. Dhar, N. Kumar, P. Gupta, R. Kochhar, J. Samanta

Abstract Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is one of the most commonly performed endoscopic procedures and a first-line treatment for the establishment of enteral access in those with intolerance or contraindication to oral feedings. A small amount of pneumoperitoneum in the immediate postprocedure period is well reported after PEG tube placement. However, pneumoperitoneum resulting from displaced gastric bumper within 24 hours postprocedure is uncommon and rarely reported in the literature. Timely diagnosis and early endoscopic management can help tackle such an unusual complication.

摘要经皮内镜胃造瘘术（PEG）是最常见的内镜手术之一，也是对口服喂养不耐受或禁忌症患者建立肠内通路的一线治疗方法。植入PEG导管后，术后即刻出现少量气腹。然而，术后24小时内胃保险杠移位引起的气腹并不常见，文献中也很少报道。及时诊断和早期内窥镜治疗可以帮助解决这种不寻常的并发症。

引用次数: 0

Outcomes of Palliative Colonic Stent Placement in Malignant Colonic Obstruction: Experience from a Tertiary Care Oncology Center in India 姑息性结肠支架置入术治疗恶性结肠梗阻的结果:来自印度三级保健肿瘤中心的经验

IF 0.7 Q4 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy

Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1749073

S. Sundaram, Raosaheb Rathod, P. Patil, K. Mane, Vishal Seth, A. Saklani, A. Desouza, S. Mehta

Abstract Introduction Colonic self-expanding metal stent (SEMS) placement is the preferred method for palliation of malignant colonic obstruction. We analyzed outcomes of patients who underwent colonic SEMS placement for palliation at a tertiary care oncology center in Western India. Methods Retrospective review of the endoscopy database was done for patients who underwent colonic SEMS placement at our center between January 2013 and September 2021. Demographic details, intent of stent placement, site of obstruction, length of stricture, technical success of stenting, clinical success, and complications (both immediate and long term) were noted. Results Sixty-one patients underwent colonic SEMS placement during the study period (mean age 53.6 years, 50.7% men). Obstruction was due to primary colonic malignancy in 43 (70.5%) patients and extracolonic malignancies in 18 (29.5%) patients. Most common extracolonic malignancy was gallbladder cancer in 8 (44.4%) patients. Most common site of obstruction was sigmoid colon in 18 (29.5%) patients. Proximal colonic obstruction was seen in 17 (27.9%) patients. Peritoneal metastases were seen in 26 (42.6%) patients. Colonoscopy revealed an impassable stenosis in 58 (95.1%) patients. Median length of stricture was 5 cm (range 2–9 cm). Technical success was achieved in 98.3% (60/61). Clinical success was achieved in 51 (86.4%) patients. Perforation during colonic SEMS placement was seen in 2 (3.4%) patients. Stent migration was seen in 3 (5.9%) patients, needing surgery for retrieval in all 3 patients. Over a median follow-up of 9 months (0–21 months), stent block was seen in 7 (13.7%) patients. Stent block developed after a median period of 6 months. Of these patients, three patients underwent SEMS placement within the SEMS and the other four patients underwent surgery. Conclusion Colonic SEMS placement achieves good palliation of malignant colonic obstruction in approximately 87% patients. Long-term complications like obstruction occur in a few patients after a median duration of 6 months.

摘要简介结肠自膨胀金属支架（SEMS）置入术是缓解恶性结肠梗阻的首选方法。我们分析了在印度西部一家三级医疗肿瘤中心接受结肠SEMS放置以缓解症状的患者的结果。方法对2013年1月至2021年9月期间在我们中心接受结肠SEMS植入的患者的内窥镜检查数据库进行了回顾性审查。记录了人口统计学细节、支架放置意图、阻塞部位、狭窄长度、支架技术成功率、临床成功率和并发症（包括近期和长期）。后果在研究期间，61名患者接受了结肠SEMS植入术（平均年龄53.6岁，50.7%为男性）。43例（70.5%）患者原发性结肠恶性肿瘤和18例（29.5%）患者结肠外恶性肿瘤导致梗阻。最常见的结肠外恶性肿瘤是胆囊癌症8例（44.4%）。最常见的梗阻部位为乙状结肠18例（29.5%）。17例（27.9%）患者出现近端结肠梗阻。腹膜转移26例（42.6%）。结肠镜检查显示58例（95.1%）患者存在无法逾越的狭窄。狭窄的中位长度为5 cm（范围2–9 cm）。技术成功率为98.3%（60/61）。51例（86.4%）患者取得了临床成功。2例（3.4%）患者在结肠SEMS植入过程中出现穿孔。支架移位发生在3例（5.9%）患者中，所有3例患者都需要手术取出。在9个月（0-201个月）的中位随访中，7名（13.7%）患者出现支架阻塞。支架阻塞在中位6个月后出现。在这些患者中，三名患者在SEMS内进行了SEMS植入，另外四名患者进行了手术。结论结肠SEMS放置能很好地缓解约87%的患者的恶性结肠梗阻。少数患者在中位持续时间为6个月后会出现阻塞等长期并发症。

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引用次数: 0

Tuberculosis is still the most Common Cause of Mediastinal and Intra-abdominal Lymphadenopathy by EUS-FNA in India 在印度，通过EUS-FNA，结核病仍然是纵隔和腹腔淋巴结病的最常见原因

IF 0.7 Q4 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy

Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739965

M. Behera, Jimmy Narayan, Shobhit Agarwal, Debakanta Mishra, P. Reddy, Ayaskanta Singh, G. Pati, M. Sahu

Background Lymph nodal tuberculosis is reported to occur in 4% to 7% of all tuberculosis, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy accounts for 10% of lymph nodal tuberculosis but the diagnosis still remains a challenge due to inaccessibility to these sites. There is a scarcity of recent data from India about the etiology of intra-abdominal and mediastinal lymphadenopathy despite being frequently detected in cross-sectional imaging. Methods A retrospective study was conducted after reviewing hospital records over a period of 3 years from December 2017 to December 2020 who underwent endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). A total of 126 patients with mediastinal and/or intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy detected by cross-sectional imaging were examined for clinical features, EUS, and histopathology records. Results The mean age of patients was 53.12 ± 14.15 years. Seventy-one patients (56%) had intra-abdominal lymph nodes and 55 (44%) had mediastinal lymph nodes. The average number of needle passes was 2.35 ± 0.58 (range: 2–4). The majority of patients had tubercular etiology (53.2%) followed by metastatic (26.2%). Other etiologies were reactive (4.8%), lymphoma (4.8%), sarcoidosis (3.2%), and GIST (1.6%). No diagnosis could be ascertained in 6.3% of patients. The EUS features that favored tubercular etiology over metastatic were heterogeneous echotexture (72% vs. 30%), irregular shape (78% vs. 12%), indistinct borders (81% vs. 30%) and calcification (43% vs. 15%). Partial anechoic area and hyperechoic area were seen in 21% and 64% of tubercular patients, respectively. EUS only had sensitivity and specificity of 63% and 84%, respectively, and EUS FNA had a very high sensitivity and specificity of 93% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion Tuberculosis is still the most common cause of lymph nodes. EUS FNA had a very high sensitivity and specificity of 93% and 100%, respectively, for the diagnosis of mediastinal and intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy.

背景淋巴结结核占所有结核的4%至7%，纵隔淋巴结病占淋巴结结核的10%，但由于无法到达这些部位，诊断仍然是一个挑战。尽管在横断面成像中经常发现，但印度关于腹腔内和纵隔淋巴结病病因的最新数据很少。方法回顾性研究2017年12月至2020年12月3年来接受内镜超声检查的患者的住院记录。共有126名纵隔和/或腹内淋巴结病患者通过横断面成像检查了临床特征、EUS和组织病理学记录。结果患者平均年龄为53.12±14.15岁。71名患者（56%）有腹腔内淋巴结，55名患者（44%）有纵隔淋巴结。平均针数为2.35±0.58（范围：2-4）。大多数患者有结核病因（53.2%），其次是转移性病因（26.2%）。其他病因有反应性病因（4.8%）、淋巴瘤病因（4.8%）、结节病病因（3.2%）和GIST病因（1.6%）。6.3%的患者无法确定诊断。与转移性相比，有利于结核病因的EUS特征是不均匀回声结构（72%对30%）、不规则形状（78%对12%）、边界模糊（81%对30%）和钙化（43%对15%）。结核病人的局部无回声区和高回声区分别为21%和64%。EUS的敏感性和特异性分别为63%和84%，EUS-FNA的敏感性和特异度分别为93%和100%。结论肺结核仍是淋巴结最常见的病因。EUS-FNA对纵隔和腹腔淋巴结病的诊断具有非常高的敏感性和特异性，分别为93%和100%。

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引用次数: 1

Duodenoscope-Acquired Infections: Risk Factors to Consider 十二指肠镜下获得性感染:需要考虑的危险因素

IF 0.7 Q4 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy

Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739562

G. Thornhill, B. Dunkin

In the wake of highly publicized duodenoscope-associated outbreaks caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), a herculean effort was made to understand the conditions that led to these transmission events. Although there is now a clearer picture on how these outbreaks happened, there are still significant data gaps when it comes to understanding the rate of duodenoscope-acquired infections (DAIs), especially in nonoutbreak situations. Recent publications indicate that DAIs are still occurring and suggest that infection rates are higher than currently believed. Given this data gap, it is important to identify those patient populations that are most at risk of postprocedure infection, so that appropriate infection control measures may be implemented. Although those patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis are most at risk for infection, there are additional risk factors that should be considered. For the purposes of this review, risk factors for infection were divided into three broad categories as follows: (1) those that increase patient susceptibility to infection, (2) those related to the endoscopic procedure, and (3) those factors that put reusable duodenoscope inventories at risk of contamination. Infection risk is a complex interaction between the immune status of the patient, the characteristics of the infectious agent (antibiotic sensitivity, virulence factors, and epidemiology), and the environment of care. Because of this complexity, any assessment of the risk of infection should be performed on a case-by-case basis. There is a dearth of information on infection risk for those patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograpy (ERCP), especially in the context of the development and implementation of new device technology, and new endoscopic procedures that are increasing in complexity. This narrative review was developed using the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms to perform an electronic search in PubMed with the goal of generating a summary of the patient, procedural, and duodenoscope-associated factors that increase the risk of infection in patients undergoing ERCP. This review provides practical information regarding the segmentation of ERCP patients by infection risk, so that endoscopists can make informed decisions about the risk benefits of using enhanced duodenoscope technologies in the care of their patients.

在多药耐药菌(MDRO)引起的与十二指肠镜相关的疫情被广泛报道之后，人们做出了巨大的努力，以了解导致这些传播事件的条件。虽然现在对这些暴发的发生方式有了更清晰的了解，但在了解十二指肠镜下获得性感染(DAIs)的发生率方面，特别是在非暴发情况下，仍然存在重大的数据缺口。最近的出版物表明，dai仍在发生，并表明感染率比目前认为的要高。鉴于这一数据差距，确定那些术后感染风险最大的患者群体是很重要的，以便实施适当的感染控制措施。虽然接受抗生素预防治疗的患者感染风险最高，但还应考虑其他风险因素。为了本综述的目的，感染的危险因素分为以下三大类:(1)增加患者感染易感性的因素，(2)与内窥镜手术有关的因素，(3)使可重复使用的十二指肠镜库存处于污染风险的因素。感染风险是患者免疫状态、感染因子特征(抗生素敏感性、毒力因素和流行病学)和护理环境之间复杂的相互作用。由于这种复杂性，对感染风险的任何评估都应在个案基础上进行。目前关于内窥镜逆行胆管造影(ERCP)患者感染风险的信息缺乏，特别是在新设备技术的发展和实施以及新的内窥镜手术日益复杂的背景下。本叙述性综述使用医学主题标题(MeSH)术语在PubMed中进行电子检索，目的是总结患者、手术和十二指肠镜相关因素，这些因素会增加ERCP患者的感染风险。本综述提供了根据感染风险对ERCP患者进行分类的实用信息，以便内窥镜医师能够对在患者护理中使用增强型十二指肠镜技术的风险收益做出明智的决定。

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引用次数: 0

Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome Presenting as Subacute Abdominal Pain Due to Portomesenteric Thrombosis 抗磷脂抗体综合征表现为由肠系膜血栓形成引起的亚急性腹痛

IF 0.7 Q4 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy

Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701397

T. S. Chandrasekar, B. J. Gokul, T. C. Viveksandeep, K. R. Yogesh, S. Sathiamoorthy, M. S. Prasad

Abstract Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), a hypercoagulable state, affects organ by causing venous or arterial thrombosis. We present an unusual case of a 58-year-old male who presented with diffuse abdominal pain and on evaluation diagnosed as having portomesenteric venous thrombosis due to primary APS. Upon successful treatment with enoxaparin followed by anticoagulants for 6 months, recanalization of the portal vein was documented by endoscopic ultrasonography. Early identification and treatment of portomesenteric thrombosis is crucial to prevent bowel ischemia. Lifelong anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists should be considered in those patients with major thrombosis and established APS.

摘要抗磷脂抗体综合征（APS）是一种高凝状态，通过引起静脉或动脉血栓形成而影响器官。我们报告了一例不寻常的病例，一名58岁男性表现为弥漫性腹痛，经评估诊断为原发性APS导致的门静脉血栓形成。在用依诺肝素和抗凝剂成功治疗6个月后，通过内镜超声检查记录门静脉再通情况。早期发现和治疗门静脉血栓形成对预防肠缺血至关重要。对于那些有严重血栓形成和已建立APS的患者，应考虑使用维生素K拮抗剂进行终身抗凝治疗。

引用次数: 0

Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy in Visceral Leishmaniasis 内脏利什曼病的纵隔淋巴结病

IF 0.7 Q4 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy

Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715983

S. Rana, N. Gupta, R. Sharma, Pankaj Kumar

Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) usually presents with malaise, fever, weight loss, and hepatosplenomegaly. Lymphadenopathy is rarely reported in patients with VL from India. We report an interesting case of VL, presenting with malaise, fever and weight loss along with isolated mediastinal lymphadenopathy and mimicked tuberculosis. Absence of spleen because of previous splenectomy for symptomatic portal hypertension led to difficulty in establishing the correct diagnosis that was eventually established by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA).

内脏利什曼病（VL）通常表现为不适、发烧、体重减轻和肝脾肿大。淋巴结病在来自印度的VL患者中很少报道。我们报告了一个有趣的VL病例，表现为不适、发烧和体重减轻，伴有孤立的纵隔淋巴结病和模拟结核病。由于之前对症状性门静脉高压进行过脾切除术而导致脾脏缺失，导致难以确定正确的诊断，最终通过内镜超声（EUS）引导的细针抽吸（FNA）确定诊断。

引用次数: 0

Endoscopic Ultrasound for Detection of Liver Metastasis: Hope or Hype? 内镜超声检测肝转移:希望还是炒作?

IF 0.7 Q4 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy

Pub Date : 2021-06-03 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1728234

A. Singh, S. Rana

Abstract Transabdominal ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the common diagnostic tests for the detection of hepatic lesions. Use of enhanced and advanced MRI technique, that is, diffusion weighted MRI and hepatocyte-specific contrast agents, has further improved the accuracy of detection of metastatic liver lesions ≤10 mm in diameter. However, even with these advanced imaging modalities sensitivity is low for lesions smaller than 10 mm when compared with standard intraoperative ultrasound. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is an emerging imaging modality with resolution sufficient to detect and sample lesions as small as 5 mm in diameter. In this news and views, we have discussed the role of standard and enhanced EUS for the detection of metastatic liver lesions.

摘要经腹部超声检查、增强计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像（MRI）是检测肝脏病变的常见诊断测试。使用增强和先进的MRI技术，即扩散加权MRI和肝细胞特异性造影剂，进一步提高了直径≤10mm的转移性肝病变的检测准确性。然而，即使使用这些先进的成像模式，与标准术中超声相比，小于10mm的病变的灵敏度也很低。内窥镜超声（EUS）是一种新兴的成像方式，其分辨率足以检测和采样直径小至5毫米的病变。在这篇新闻和观点中，我们讨论了标准和增强EUS在检测转移性肝损伤中的作用。

引用次数: 0

A Giant Lymph Node—Liver Imposter 巨大的淋巴结-肝脏骗子

IF 0.7 Q4 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy

Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731585

Sagar Dembla, S. Asif, A. Singh, A. Sekaran, S. Lakhtakia, D. Reddy

Abstract Abdominal tuberculosis has insidious course and is a diagnostic challenge. Tubercular lymphadenitis is associated with constitutional symptoms and multiple enlarged lymph nodes. Isolated giant lymph nodes are rare in tuberculosis and are common in lymphoma or malignancy. Peripancreatic mass on endosonography are commonly lymph node less than 4 cm. Isolated giant nonnecrotizing lymph node can mimic liver architecture on endoscopic ultrasound but lack a biliary connection.

腹部结核病程隐匿，是一个诊断难题。结核性淋巴结炎与体质症状和多发淋巴结肿大有关。孤立的巨大淋巴结在结核病中很少见，在淋巴瘤或恶性肿瘤中很常见。超声检查胰腺周围肿块通常为小于4厘米的淋巴结。孤立的巨大非坏死性淋巴结在内窥镜超声下可以模拟肝脏结构，但缺乏胆道连接。

引用次数: 0

Isolated Ascending Colon Varix: An Unusual Cause of Lower Gastrointestinal Bleed 孤立性上行结肠静脉曲张：下消化道出血的一个罕见原因

IF 0.7 Q4 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy

Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733346

J. Dhar, J. Samanta, G. Muktesh, R. Kochhar

Abstract Ectopic varices, defined as dilated portosystemic veins located at unusual sites other than the gastroesophageal junction and fundus, have been reported in cases of cirrhosis with underlying portal hypertension. The common sites usually are the rectum and duodenum. Isolated colon varix is therefore a rare phenomenon and such varix presenting with lower gastrointestinal bleed as the first manifestation is still uncommon. A high index of clinical suspicion, timely imaging with full-length colonoscopy, and subsequent endoscopic therapy can effectively manage this rare entity.

异位静脉曲张，定义为位于胃食管交界处和眼底以外的不寻常部位的门系统静脉扩张，在肝硬化合并门脉高压的病例中有报道。常见的部位通常是直肠和十二指肠。因此，孤立性结肠静脉曲张是一种罕见的现象，这种以下消化道出血为首发表现的静脉曲张仍不常见。高的临床怀疑指数，及时的全肠镜检查和后续的内镜治疗可以有效地治疗这种罕见的实体。

引用次数: 0

A Descriptive Analysis of Capsule Endoscopy Events in the FDA Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) Database. FDA制造商和用户设施设备体验(MAUDE)数据库中胶囊内窥镜事件的描述性分析

IF 0.7 Q4 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy

Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731960

Hangyu Ji, Shaoli Wang, Yang Gong

Introduction: The malfunction of capsule endoscopy (CE) devices is a significant reason for the failure of CE procedures, which could hinder and prevent diagnosis. Unfortunately, malfunction-related adverse events (AEs) caused by CE devices are rarely reported in publications. Although most malfunction-related AEs could not lead to physical harm, they could reduce the efficiency of medical care and increase medical costs. The manufacturer and user facility device experience (MAUDE) database, a publicly accessible resource for patient safety, contains not only the common complications of CE but also valuable malfunction-related AEs, which have been underutilized. Therefore, the study aims to discover and analyze the possible AEs associated with CE and demonstrate the utility of the MAUDE reports to promote patient safety.

Materials and methods: We acquired MAUDE reports of CE systems from January 01, 2008, to July 31, 2020, through a systematic search strategy. We utilized the manufacturers, brand names, and product codes as search terms from which medical device reports including structured data and narrative texts were extracted, followed by a manual review of the narrative texts, reporter occupation, device involved, event type and the phase of the event; finally, patient outcomes were recorded and analyzed as per CE categories and characteristics.

Results: A total of 377 CEs medical device reports were retrieved, and 342 reports were included after reviewing. There were 327 mandatory reports (96%) and 15 voluntary reports (4%). These reports referred to capsule endoscope (n = 213), sensing system (n = 66), patency capsule (n = 38), and capsule delivery device (n = 26). A total of 349 CE-related AEs were identified, including complications (n = 228), malfunction-related AEs (n = 109), and other events (n = 12). The composition of AEs was not the same for the CE devices. Complications were major AEs of capsule endoscope and patency capsule, but malfunction-related AEs were the most common in AEs of sensing systems and capsule delivery devices.

Conclusion: MAUDE serves as an invaluable data source for investigating malfunction-related AEs. In addition to common complications, malfunction of CE devices could threaten patient safety in CE procedures. Improving awareness of the malfunction of CE devices and raising adequate training for staff working in gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic units could be critical and beneficial in preventing malfunction-related AEs.

摘要简介胶囊内窥镜（CE）设备的故障是导致CE程序失败的重要原因，这可能会阻碍和阻止诊断。不幸的是，CE装置引起的故障相关不良事件（AE）很少在出版物中报道。尽管大多数与故障相关的AE不会导致身体伤害，但它们可能会降低医疗效率并增加医疗成本。制造商和用户设施设备体验（MAUDE）数据库是一个可供公众访问的患者安全资源，它不仅包含CE的常见并发症，还包含未充分利用的有价值的故障相关AE。因此，本研究旨在发现和分析与CE相关的可能AE，并证明MAUDE报告对促进患者安全的效用。材料和方法我们通过系统搜索策略获得了2008年1月1日至2020年7月31日CE系统的MAUDE报告。我们使用制造商、品牌名称和产品代码作为搜索词，从中提取医疗器械报告，包括结构化数据和叙述性文本，然后手动审查叙述性文本、报告人职业、涉及的器械、事件类型和事件阶段；最后，根据CE类别和特征记录和分析患者的结果。后果共检索到377份CE医疗器械报告，审查后纳入342份报告。共有327份强制性报告（96%）和15份自愿报告（4%）。这些报告涉及胶囊内窥镜（n=213）、传感系统（n=66）、通畅性胶囊（n=38）和胶囊递送装置（n=26）。共发现349例CE相关AE，包括并发症（n=228）、故障相关AE（n=109）和其他事件（n=12）。CE设备的AE组成不同。并发症是胶囊内窥镜和通畅胶囊的主要AE，但与故障相关的AE在传感系统和胶囊递送装置的AE中最常见。结论 MAUDE是调查故障相关AE的宝贵数据来源。除了常见的并发症外，CE设备的故障也可能威胁患者在CE手术中的安全。提高对CE设备故障的认识，并为胃肠道（GI）内窥镜设备的工作人员提供充分的培训，对于预防与故障相关的AE至关重要，也是有益的。

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