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2021 2nd Asia Service Sciences and Software Engineering Conference最新文献

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Enhanced Neural Architecture Search Using Super Learner and Ensemble Approaches 使用超级学习器和集成方法增强神经结构搜索
Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1145/3456126.3456133
Séamus Lankford, Diarmuid Grimes
Neural networks, and in particular Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), are often optimized using default parameters. Neural Architecture Search (NAS) enables multiple architectures to be evaluated prior to selection of the optimal architecture. A system integrating open-source tools for Neural Architecture Search (OpenNAS) of image classification problems has been developed and made available to the open-source community. OpenNAS takes any dataset of grayscale, or RGB images, and generates the optimal CNN architecture. The training and optimization of neural networks, using super learner and ensemble approaches, is explored in this research. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and pretrained models serve as base learners for network ensembles. Meta learner algorithms are subsequently applied to these base learners and the ensemble performance on image classification problems is evaluated. Our results show that a stacked generalization ensemble of heterogeneous models is the most effective approach to image classification within OpenNAS.
神经网络,特别是卷积神经网络(cnn),通常使用默认参数进行优化。神经结构搜索(NAS)可以在选择最优结构之前对多个结构进行评估。一个集成了用于图像分类问题的神经结构搜索(OpenNAS)的开源工具的系统已经被开发并提供给开源社区。OpenNAS采用任何灰度或RGB图像数据集,并生成最佳的CNN架构。本研究探讨了神经网络的训练与优化,并采用了超级学习器和集成方法。粒子群优化(PSO)、蚁群优化(ACO)和预训练模型作为网络集成的基础学习器。随后将元学习器算法应用于这些基础学习器,并评估其在图像分类问题上的集成性能。研究结果表明,异构模型的堆叠综合集成是OpenNAS中最有效的图像分类方法。
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引用次数: 2
An Extensive Study on Multi-Priority Algorithm in Test Case Prioritization and Reduction 多优先级算法在测试用例排序与缩减中的广泛研究
Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1145/3456126.3456135
Longbo Li, Yanhui Zhou, Yuan Yuan, Shenghua Wu
Although test case prioritization and reduction are two different problems in regression testing, they are essentially interrelated. To improve the effectiveness of regression testing, we need to perform fewer test cases, and hope to detect program faults as early as possible. However, most existing techniques haven't proposed a better solution to solve these two issues at the same time. In this paper, we present a multi-priority algorithm combine mutation testing and clustering techniques, and use clustering techniques to put test cases with similar fault-detection ability into a cluster, the multi-priority algorithm selects a high-priority test in each cluster. The results show that the multi-priority algorithm not only reduces a large number of test cases, but also obtains the results of test case prioritization better than greedy algorithm and random reduction method. Especially, the average reduction size of test cases is 40.23% in total 556018 test cases, and removing test cases that trigger real program faults only accounts for 0.7435% of all tests. Our method achieves a greater reduction in the number of test cases at the expense of a mini loss of in fault-detection ability. The effectiveness of test case prioritization is 2.63% higher than other methods. In addition, we find that the different number of clusters affect the effectiveness of test case prioritization and reduction in regression testing. 1
虽然测试用例优先级和减少是回归测试中的两个不同的问题,但它们本质上是相互关联的。为了提高回归测试的有效性,我们需要执行更少的测试用例,并希望尽早发现程序错误。然而,大多数现有的技术并没有提出一个更好的解决方案来同时解决这两个问题。本文提出了一种结合突变检测和聚类技术的多优先级算法,利用聚类技术将具有相似故障检测能力的测试用例集中到一个聚类中,在每个聚类中选择一个高优先级的测试。结果表明,多优先级算法不仅减少了大量的测试用例,而且得到了比贪婪算法和随机约简方法更好的测试用例优先级排序结果。特别是,在总共556018个测试用例中,测试用例的平均缩减规模为40.23%,而删除触发真正程序错误的测试用例仅占所有测试的0.7435%。我们的方法以故障检测能力的微小损失为代价,实现了测试用例数量的更大减少。测试用例优先级排序的有效性比其他方法高2.63%。此外,我们发现不同数量的聚类会影响回归测试中测试用例优先级和减少的有效性。1
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引用次数: 0
Network root fault location based on network topology and alarm 基于网络拓扑和告警的网络根源故障定位
Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1145/3456126.3456138
Jingyu Li, Yunyi Jiang, Ziye Zhang
Large Internet service platforms involving hundreds of inter-system calls generate a large amount of alarm data every day. How to use the network topology information and alarm data to analyze the alarm in a timely and effective manner, and finally give the effective alarm and the suspected root cause, is the main challenge facing the network operation and maintenance. This paper studies a kind of solution. First, we preprocess the output sequence of a long alarm system cluster. And then judge whether there is a root fault by Support Vector Machine. At the next stage, employee a well-prepared Bayesian network to compute the highest probability of fault types, combined with filtering rules to get the final conclusion. The method is lightweight and efficient, which has been verified by experiments.
大型互联网服务平台每天涉及数百个系统间呼叫,产生大量报警数据。如何利用网络拓扑信息和告警数据对告警进行及时有效的分析,最终给出有效的告警和怀疑的根本原因,是网络运维面临的主要挑战。本文研究了一种解决方案。首先,对长报警系统集群的输出序列进行预处理。然后通过支持向量机判断是否存在根本故障。下一阶段,利用准备好的贝叶斯网络计算故障类型的最高概率,结合过滤规则得到最终结论。该方法重量轻、效率高,已通过实验验证。
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引用次数: 0
Depth Camera and Electromagnetic Field Localization System For IoT Application: High level, lightweight data fusion 用于物联网应用的深度相机和电磁场定位系统:高水平,轻量级数据融合
Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1145/3456126.3456145
Pooneh Mohaghegh, Rabia Saeed, F. Tièche, A. Boegli, Y. Perriard
This article demonstrates person localization using a hybrid system consisting of an electromagnetic positioning system and a depth camera to authorize access control. The ultimate aim of this system is to distinguish moving people in a defined area by tracking the RF device and the people. It focuses on the application and incorporation of the received data from these two systems. Both systems send data simultaneously which is stored in a Docker container for further analysis. The data is processed in real-time to track the movement of the targets. The centralized database monitoring grants secure access to the information. The motive for using this hybrid system lies in the ever-growing need for accurate position determination for indoor and complex environments. Track and tracing are especially important in access-control applications. The system has a great impact on real-life access-control applications in malls, shops, train stations, and generally everyplace where the access control requires monitoring. The non-blocking feature plus the accuracy can provide ease of use for the users. Moreover, employing a low-frequency tag system does not suffer from the multipath effect and non-line of sight problems that are inevitable for indoor applications. By extending the number of users for a larger area, this system can replace traditional security gates with a pleasant look and comfortable application.
本文演示了使用由电磁定位系统和深度相机组成的混合系统进行人员定位,以授权访问控制。该系统的最终目的是通过跟踪射频设备和人来区分在指定区域内移动的人。重点介绍了从这两个系统接收到的数据的应用和整合。两个系统同时发送数据,这些数据存储在Docker容器中以供进一步分析。数据被实时处理以跟踪目标的运动。集中的数据库监视授予对信息的安全访问。使用这种混合系统的动机在于对室内和复杂环境精确定位的需求日益增长。跟踪和跟踪在访问控制应用中尤为重要。该系统对商场、商店、火车站以及一般任何需要监控门禁的场所的门禁应用都有很大的影响。非阻塞特性加上准确性,为用户提供了易用性。此外,采用低频标签系统不会受到室内应用中不可避免的多径效应和非视线问题的影响。通过将用户数量扩展到更大的区域,该系统可以取代传统的安检门,外观美观,使用舒适。
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引用次数: 3
SeeSpeech: See Emotions in The Speech 参见演讲:参见演讲中的情感
Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1145/3456126.3456129
Jianing Geng, Hao Zhu, Xiang-Yang Li
At present, the understanding of speech by machines mostly focuses on the understanding of semantics, but speech should also include emotions in the speech. Emotion can not only strengthen semantics, but can even change semantic information. The paper discusses how to realize the emotion classification, which is called SeeSpeech. SeeSpeech chooses MCEP as the speech emotion feature, and inputs it into CNN and Transformer respectively. In order to obtain richer features, CNN uses batch normalization, while Transformer uses layer normalization, and then combines the output of CNN and Transformer. Finally, the type of emotion is obtained through SoftMax. SeeSpeech obtained the highest classification accuracy rate of 97% on the RAVDESS data set, and also obtained the classification accuracy rate of 85% on the actual edge gateway test. It can be seen from the results that SeeSpeech has encouraging performance in speech emotion classification and has a wide range of application prospects in human-computer interaction.
目前,机器对语音的理解多集中在对语义的理解上,但语音中也应该包含情感。情感不仅可以强化语义,甚至可以改变语义信息。本文讨论了如何实现情感分类,也就是所谓的“看语音”。sespeech选择MCEP作为语音情感特征,分别输入到CNN和Transformer中。为了获得更丰富的特征,CNN使用批处理归一化,Transformer使用层归一化,然后将CNN和Transformer的输出进行组合。最后,通过SoftMax获取情感类型。sespeech在RAVDESS数据集上获得了97%的最高分类准确率,在实际边缘网关测试中也获得了85%的分类准确率。从结果可以看出,sespeech在语音情感分类方面有着令人鼓舞的表现,在人机交互方面有着广泛的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient LUT-based FPGA Accelerator Design for Universal Quantized CNN Inference 基于高效lut的通用量化CNN推理FPGA加速设计
Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1145/3456126.3456140
Yanpeng Cao, Changjun Song, Yongming Tang
Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in a variety of tasks in real life, such as speech and vision. However, the vast computational complexity of convolution neural networks (CNN) has limited the speed of the network running in hardware. In recent years, network quantization technology has made it possible to quantize network into the 16-bit fixed point, 8-bit integer, and even binary, maintaining the original performance, while the computational complexity of the network inference is still considerable. Therefore, exploring high-performance and efficient hardware architecture designed for quantized neural networks (QNN) is necessary to eliminate the bottleneck of high-density computing requirements. FPGA is a highly parallelized hardware computing platform. The outstanding advantage is that it contains a large number of primary configurable logic resources. We explore the possibility of implementation for convolution calculations based on LUTs, introduce the integer multipliers and addition trees based on FPGAs, and propose an efficient computing architecture for QNN. With the optimization of Winograd convolution algorithm for QNN, we demonstrate that our scheme could significantly reduce the number of multipliers without using DSP resources, saving the usage of LUT resources by 2.25× at least. In the end, our LUT-based architecture for QNN will shorten the latency up to 19.3× and represent more effective performance compared other methods.
深度学习在现实生活中的各种任务中取得了显著的成功,比如语音和视觉。然而,卷积神经网络(CNN)巨大的计算复杂度限制了网络在硬件上的运行速度。近年来,网络量化技术使得将网络量化为16位定点、8位整数甚至二进制成为可能,在保持原有性能的同时,网络推理的计算复杂度仍然相当大。因此,探索针对量化神经网络(QNN)设计的高性能、高效的硬件架构是消除高密度计算需求瓶颈的必要条件。FPGA是一种高度并行的硬件计算平台。突出的优点是它包含大量的主可配置逻辑资源。我们探索了基于lut实现卷积计算的可能性,引入了基于fpga的整数乘法器和加法树,并提出了一种高效的QNN计算架构。通过对QNN的Winograd卷积算法的优化,我们证明了我们的方案可以在不使用DSP资源的情况下显著减少乘法器的数量,节省LUT资源的使用至少2.25倍。最后,我们的基于lut的QNN架构将延迟缩短到19.3倍,并且与其他方法相比表现出更有效的性能。
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引用次数: 2
Rectified Multi-class AdaBoost for Noisy Dataset Based on Weight Adjustment Standard 基于权值调整标准的修正多类AdaBoost噪声数据集
Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1145/3456126.3456143
Keke Hu, Wanwei Liu, Tun Li
Boosting, as a meta-algorithm for ensemble learning, have been widely applied to variety popular machine learning algorithms. However, noises in training and testing datasets could significantly affect the performance of boosting algorithm. SAMME pays too much attention to samples that are not correctly classified in multiple iterations. These samples could be mislabeled samples that cannot be correctly classified, so the classifier cannot learn the actual distribution of the original data. To solve this problem, in this paper, we proposed a rectified algorithm R.SAMME based on multi-class classification algorithm SAMME by limiting the weight of each sample based on current accuracy. We evaluate our approach on UCI benchmark datasets, experiments show that R.SAMME has better performance in noisy datasets.
Boosting作为集成学习的一种元算法,已经广泛应用于各种流行的机器学习算法中。然而,训练和测试数据集中的噪声会显著影响增强算法的性能。SAMME过于关注在多次迭代中不能正确分类的样本。这些样本可能是错误标记的样本,无法正确分类,因此分类器无法了解原始数据的实际分布。为了解决这一问题,本文在多类分类算法SAMME的基础上,根据当前准确率限制每个样本的权重,提出了一种修正算法R.SAMME。我们在UCI基准数据集上对我们的方法进行了评估,实验表明R.SAMME在有噪声的数据集上有更好的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Design and Research of Mobile Assisted Medical System Intervention in the Elderly Community: A Case Study 移动辅助医疗系统在老年社区干预的设计与研究:一个案例研究
Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1145/3456126.3456142
Zhiming Niu, Lele Zhang, Yu Zhang, Yu E Tian, Saehwa Choi
As the aging of Chinese society intensifies, aging-related community issues become increasingly serious. Visiting several hutongs and communities in Beijing, the design team conducted in-depth interviews with the elderly, with the medical staff doing the same in community hospitals and pharmacies. The service and production system design was used to classify the user population and describe the current aging phenomenon. There are still many challenges faced by the elderly community, such as self-care, nutrition, and scheduling appointments. In this paper, by examining elderly individuals' daily lives and medical challenges, our design team created user journey maps and discovered specific problems in the service process. We extracted the design touchpoints in the user experience, analyzed the user behavior, and discovered some design opportunities. We also expect that service design thinking and design morphology research methods will create innovative and optimized solutions for current aging community medical problems. This provides for on-site services such as diagnosis and treatment, nursing, and prescription and meal delivery for homebound elderly people and proposes a new model of mobile auxiliary medical system intervention in the aging community. This makes the elderly-community-product-environment more sustainable.
随着我国社会老龄化的加剧,与老龄化相关的社区问题日益严重。设计团队走访了北京的几个胡同和社区,对老年人进行了深度访谈,医护人员也在社区医院和药店进行了同样的访谈。采用服务与生产系统设计对用户群体进行分类,描述当前的老龄化现象。老年人社区仍然面临着许多挑战,如自我保健、营养和安排预约。在本文中,我们的设计团队通过研究老年人的日常生活和医疗挑战,创建用户旅程地图,并发现服务过程中的具体问题。我们提取了用户体验中的设计接触点,分析了用户行为,发现了一些设计机会。我们也期望服务设计思维和设计形态学研究方法能够为当前老龄化社区医疗问题创造创新和优化的解决方案。为居家老人提供诊疗、护理、配药送餐等现场服务,提出了一种老年社区移动辅助医疗系统干预的新模式。这使得老年社区产品环境更具可持续性。
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引用次数: 0
Designing a Collaborative Construction-Project Platform on Blockchain Technology for Transparency, Traceability, and Information Symmetry 基于区块链技术的透明、可追溯、信息对称协同建设项目平台设计
Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1145/3456126.3456134
Chibuzor Udokwu, A. Norta, Christoph Wenna
The construction industry is a $6 trillion industry worldwide with a prediction to grow towards $10,3 trillion by 2023 and constitutes an essential part of the global economy. Nevertheless, the management of the construction effort is still very manual. The construction process from design, to sourcing of material, contract management, and so on, is a convoluted and intransparent process filled with risks the collaborating parties are exposed to. A need exists for management platforms that streamline and automate collaborative construction processes, establish transparency, traceability, and information symmetry between business parties. This paper presents the Construction Project Management (CoPM) platform that is based on blockchain- and smart-contract technologies for enabling peer-to-peer collaboration between construction parties that enhances the flow of information for reducing cost- and time expenditures while improving the quality of service. The CoPM system is based on diligent up-front requirement studies from which we derive a coherent system architecture and set of cooperation protocols. Thereby, the CoPM system overcomes the currently existing fractured value propositions for construction-management systems. CCS Concepts •Software and its engineering•Software creation and management•Designing software
建筑业是一个价值6万亿美元的全球行业,预计到2023年将增长到10.3万亿美元,是全球经济的重要组成部分。然而,建设工作的管理仍然是非常手工的。从设计到材料采购、合同管理等建设过程是一个复杂而不透明的过程,充满了合作各方面临的风险。管理平台需要流程化和自动化协作构建过程,在业务各方之间建立透明度、可追溯性和信息对称。本文介绍了基于区块链和智能合约技术的建筑项目管理(CoPM)平台,该平台可实现施工方之间的点对点协作,从而增强信息流,从而降低成本和时间支出,同时提高服务质量。CoPM系统基于勤奋的前期需求研究,从中我们得到了一个连贯的系统架构和一组合作协议。因此,CoPM系统克服了目前施工管理系统中存在的破碎的价值主张。CCS概念•软件及其工程•软件创建和管理•软件设计
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引用次数: 10
Challenges in the Development of a Global Software User Interface by Multicultural Teams: an Industrial Experience 多元文化团队开发全球软件用户界面的挑战:工业经验
Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1145/3456126.3456144
Agnaldo O. Penha-Junior, Carlos E. De Souza, G. M. Souza, Jaqueline S. Araujo, José Ivan Bezerra Vilarouca Filho, Leon M. Barroso, Rodrigo j. B. Fernandes, Paulo Fonseca, F. Giuntini
The process of creating a global system to support the maintenance of devices is a great challenge, due to the amount of aspects involved, such as performance, security, communication, and user experience. This tends to become even more complex when the development team is multicultural and located in several countries. Therefore, this paper presents and discusses the development trajectory, as well as the challenges and overcome during the process of creating RETAS (Runtime Evaluation and Trend Analysis Service), that is an interactive platform for the execution and visualization of automated tests on smartphones. We discuss the challenges of design, implementation, and project organization of industry point of view. Besides, we show aspects of validation of the user experience and usability in the global application context. The discussions demonstrate a learning roadmap for global maintenance applications context.
创建一个支持设备维护的全局系统的过程是一个巨大的挑战,因为涉及的方面很多,例如性能、安全性、通信和用户体验。当开发团队是多元文化的,并且位于多个国家时,情况就会变得更加复杂。因此,本文介绍并讨论了RETAS (Runtime Evaluation and Trend Analysis Service,运行时评估和趋势分析服务)的发展轨迹,以及在创建过程中遇到的挑战和克服的问题。RETAS是一个用于智能手机上执行和可视化自动化测试的交互式平台。我们从行业的角度讨论了设计、实现和项目组织的挑战。此外,我们还展示了在全局应用程序上下文中验证用户体验和可用性的各个方面。讨论展示了全局维护应用程序上下文的学习路线图。
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引用次数: 3
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2021 2nd Asia Service Sciences and Software Engineering Conference
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