Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2023.2236598
Erica Buchberger
ABSTRACT In the late ninth century, a series of chronicles from the Christian kingdom of Asturias staked a claim on Visigothic identity, and thus ancestral legitimacy to rule in Iberia, for Asturias and its kings. Connecting Pelayo, the first king of the Asturian kingdom, to the last Visigothic kings and crafting his image as an ideal Goth and Christian was essential to this process. Informed by scholarship on “borderlands” and boundary-making, this article demonstrates how the chroniclers renegotiated the parameters of Gothic identity to impose the idea of a strict border between legitimate and illegitimate, good Catholic and heretic, and loyalty and disloyalty. In doing so, they provided Pelayo with a layered and flexible Gothic-Christian-Asturian identity.
{"title":"Crafting the image of Pelayo: identity and state-building in early medieval Asturian chronicles","authors":"Erica Buchberger","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2023.2236598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2023.2236598","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the late ninth century, a series of chronicles from the Christian kingdom of Asturias staked a claim on Visigothic identity, and thus ancestral legitimacy to rule in Iberia, for Asturias and its kings. Connecting Pelayo, the first king of the Asturian kingdom, to the last Visigothic kings and crafting his image as an ideal Goth and Christian was essential to this process. Informed by scholarship on “borderlands” and boundary-making, this article demonstrates how the chroniclers renegotiated the parameters of Gothic identity to impose the idea of a strict border between legitimate and illegitimate, good Catholic and heretic, and loyalty and disloyalty. In doing so, they provided Pelayo with a layered and flexible Gothic-Christian-Asturian identity.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"405 - 426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45882797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2023.2236594
D. Peterson
ABSTRACT According to medieval records, on 1 June 949 a devastating wildfire swept across the northern Meseta, with notable intensity in the Bureba region of northeastern Castile. This study examines the possible causes of the conflagration with special emphasis on anthropogenic factors. In more modern and better documented conflagrations, human mismanagement of woodland, leading to a disastrous build up of fuel in the years before the fire, is consistently observed as a significant contributing factor. Here I argue that the exposed lowland areas flanking the Roman road that passes through Briviesca, which were vulnerable to Muslim incursions, would have been relatively under-exploited until the early tenth century. Thereafter they would have started to be fully exploited, leading to a period of uncontrolled deforestation of the valley floor, a dynamic that then contributed to the severity of the ensuing fire of 949.
{"title":"Causes and socio-economic implications of the Castilian wildfire of 949","authors":"D. Peterson","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2023.2236594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2023.2236594","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT According to medieval records, on 1 June 949 a devastating wildfire swept across the northern Meseta, with notable intensity in the Bureba region of northeastern Castile. This study examines the possible causes of the conflagration with special emphasis on anthropogenic factors. In more modern and better documented conflagrations, human mismanagement of woodland, leading to a disastrous build up of fuel in the years before the fire, is consistently observed as a significant contributing factor. Here I argue that the exposed lowland areas flanking the Roman road that passes through Briviesca, which were vulnerable to Muslim incursions, would have been relatively under-exploited until the early tenth century. Thereafter they would have started to be fully exploited, leading to a period of uncontrolled deforestation of the valley floor, a dynamic that then contributed to the severity of the ensuing fire of 949.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"467 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47245294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2023.2202170
K. Ihnat
ABSTRACT The only record we have of a procession for a saint in the entire Old Hispanic tradition is a chant sung on the feast of Saint Leocadia, on the way to her tomb (ad sepulcrum). Copied in the tenth-century León Antiphoner, this chant resonates with additional references to rituals around Leocadia’s tomb which may be traceable to the Visigothic capital of Toledo, her place of burial. This article explores the evidence for processional activity connected with Leocadia, what it might have looked like in different periods, and how it may have ended up being celebrated as far away as León. Correcting certain misconceptions about the translation of her relics northwards – they were not moved to Oviedo, as is often upheld – we are yet left with open questions as to the inclusion of the ad sepulchrum chant in the León manuscript. It may be that reproducing key rituals connected with Toledo’s patron saint was a way of capturing the spiritual authority of Toledo as the former capital of the Visigothic kingdom and the imagined source of the Old Hispanic liturgy.
{"title":"Singing to the tomb of Leocadia: a unique procession in the Old Hispanic rite","authors":"K. Ihnat","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2023.2202170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2023.2202170","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The only record we have of a procession for a saint in the entire Old Hispanic tradition is a chant sung on the feast of Saint Leocadia, on the way to her tomb (ad sepulcrum). Copied in the tenth-century León Antiphoner, this chant resonates with additional references to rituals around Leocadia’s tomb which may be traceable to the Visigothic capital of Toledo, her place of burial. This article explores the evidence for processional activity connected with Leocadia, what it might have looked like in different periods, and how it may have ended up being celebrated as far away as León. Correcting certain misconceptions about the translation of her relics northwards – they were not moved to Oviedo, as is often upheld – we are yet left with open questions as to the inclusion of the ad sepulchrum chant in the León manuscript. It may be that reproducing key rituals connected with Toledo’s patron saint was a way of capturing the spiritual authority of Toledo as the former capital of the Visigothic kingdom and the imagined source of the Old Hispanic liturgy.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"300 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60313434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2023.2194290
Abby M Kornfeld
ABSTRACT With neither a colophon nor documentation of its commission, the so-called Barcelona Haggadah (British Library, Ms. Add. 14761) is often dated around the year 1340 on the basis of its artistic style. However, the manuscript includes the name of one individual who was alive at the time of its production: the poet Abraham b. Isaac ha-Levi. This article begins with his poem before reconstructing aspects of his biography and oeuvre to prove that the Haggadah could not have been made before 1360; more likely, it was created between 1370 and 1393 in Girona. The manuscript’s textual, iconographical, and codicological particularities suggest that the manuscript was commissioned by Abraham b. Isaac ha-Levi, leader of Girona’s Jewish community.
{"title":"Abraham b. Isaac ha-Levi of Girona: poet and patron of the so-called Barcelona Haggadah, 1370–1393","authors":"Abby M Kornfeld","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2023.2194290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2023.2194290","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With neither a colophon nor documentation of its commission, the so-called Barcelona Haggadah (British Library, Ms. Add. 14761) is often dated around the year 1340 on the basis of its artistic style. However, the manuscript includes the name of one individual who was alive at the time of its production: the poet Abraham b. Isaac ha-Levi. This article begins with his poem before reconstructing aspects of his biography and oeuvre to prove that the Haggadah could not have been made before 1360; more likely, it was created between 1370 and 1393 in Girona. The manuscript’s textual, iconographical, and codicological particularities suggest that the manuscript was commissioned by Abraham b. Isaac ha-Levi, leader of Girona’s Jewish community.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"344 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43116474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2023.2211982
J. Wood
ABSTRACT The sources for Visigothic-era Iberia include several vivid accounts of processions at which royal power was presented forcefully to the people. Narratives of the triumphs of the martyrs over their persecutors function very differently, as those who had formerly been subject to abject humiliation were turned into victorious emblems of local resistance to hegemonic imperial authority. This article argues that through their adaptations of hagiographical and martyrological traditions, the ecclesiastical authors of the Visigothic era articulated a vision of the ideal relationship between leaders and their followers that was constructed through the display of consensus and reciprocity. Stories about saints moving through and displaying their power within urban space, accompanied by their entourages (or enemies) in front of friendly (or hostile) audiences reflect an attempt to negotiate and assert control over contemporary urban space in the context of historical contestation. The inclusion of such examples in texts that were deployed repeatedly in liturgical contexts would have helped to shape expectations about the nature of power and its appropriate (and inappropriate) performance, also configuring thinking about relationships between those who saw themselves as belonging to the Christian civic community and those who were excluded from it.
{"title":"Narrating religious processions in Visigothic Iberia: a sociology of saintly power","authors":"J. Wood","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2023.2211982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2023.2211982","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The sources for Visigothic-era Iberia include several vivid accounts of processions at which royal power was presented forcefully to the people. Narratives of the triumphs of the martyrs over their persecutors function very differently, as those who had formerly been subject to abject humiliation were turned into victorious emblems of local resistance to hegemonic imperial authority. This article argues that through their adaptations of hagiographical and martyrological traditions, the ecclesiastical authors of the Visigothic era articulated a vision of the ideal relationship between leaders and their followers that was constructed through the display of consensus and reciprocity. Stories about saints moving through and displaying their power within urban space, accompanied by their entourages (or enemies) in front of friendly (or hostile) audiences reflect an attempt to negotiate and assert control over contemporary urban space in the context of historical contestation. The inclusion of such examples in texts that were deployed repeatedly in liturgical contexts would have helped to shape expectations about the nature of power and its appropriate (and inappropriate) performance, also configuring thinking about relationships between those who saw themselves as belonging to the Christian civic community and those who were excluded from it.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"217 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46739786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2023.2204862
Marcos García García
ABSTRACT This paper presents a novel perspective concerning the emergence of al-Andalus based on the study of food. This is a field of human behaviour that is highly informative in socio-cultural terms because of its links to ethno-religious identity. The aim is to demonstrate the usefulness of studying zooarchaeological evidence that provides information on the consumption of (or abstinence from) pork by different peninsular communities during the first centuries of al-Andalus. The results show the analytical potential of this line of research for examining the advance of the process of social Islamisation, understood as the fundamental dynamic of historical change in the shaping of Andalusi society, and one of the main mechanisms used by the Umayyad state to establish its power.
{"title":"Pork consumption, gastro-politics and social Islamisation in early al-Andalus (eighth to tenth centuries)","authors":"Marcos García García","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2023.2204862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2023.2204862","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents a novel perspective concerning the emergence of al-Andalus based on the study of food. This is a field of human behaviour that is highly informative in socio-cultural terms because of its links to ethno-religious identity. The aim is to demonstrate the usefulness of studying zooarchaeological evidence that provides information on the consumption of (or abstinence from) pork by different peninsular communities during the first centuries of al-Andalus. The results show the analytical potential of this line of research for examining the advance of the process of social Islamisation, understood as the fundamental dynamic of historical change in the shaping of Andalusi society, and one of the main mechanisms used by the Umayyad state to establish its power.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"321 - 343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43561995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2023.2211058
David Andrés Fernández, Emma Hornby
ABSTRACT In this article, we explore the Palm Sunday palms procession in León across the Middle Ages. How might the experience of a tenth-century citizen of León compare with that of his/her descendant 400 years later? Did the palms procession still have the same devotional goals, reached in similar ways? We focus on questions of continuity and change, with the palms procession as our focus. Some processional elements continued without change after the Old Hispanic rite was replaced by the Roman rite. Some elements were still present, but took a different form in the Roman rite. Other elements were lost entirely. This case study introduces the present critical cluster, which provides multiple examples of how scholars can interrogate the evidence - often preserved piecemeal across sources, or providing only partial information - in order to provide a rich picture of medieval ritual practice and its contemporary meanings.
{"title":"Continuity and change in medieval Iberian processional practices","authors":"David Andrés Fernández, Emma Hornby","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2023.2211058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2023.2211058","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article, we explore the Palm Sunday palms procession in León across the Middle Ages. How might the experience of a tenth-century citizen of León compare with that of his/her descendant 400 years later? Did the palms procession still have the same devotional goals, reached in similar ways? We focus on questions of continuity and change, with the palms procession as our focus. Some processional elements continued without change after the Old Hispanic rite was replaced by the Roman rite. Some elements were still present, but took a different form in the Roman rite. Other elements were lost entirely. This case study introduces the present critical cluster, which provides multiple examples of how scholars can interrogate the evidence - often preserved piecemeal across sources, or providing only partial information - in order to provide a rich picture of medieval ritual practice and its contemporary meanings.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"181 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46105755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2023.2210555
Emma Hornby, Rebecca Maloy
ABSTRACT Themes of Christian initiation permeate the Old Hispanic liturgy for the three weeks before Easter, culminating in the Easter Vigil baptisms. Previous scholars have examined the initiation prayers, readings, and sermons in detail, exploring their connections with the writings of Ildephonsus of Toledo (d. 667). In this article, we consider the initiation rituals from the perspectives of liturgical movement and chant. On Mid-Lent Sunday (three weeks before Easter) and Palm Sunday, the themes of these rituals were developed both in the processional chants and the initiation-themed chants that surrounded them. These materials provide a rich source of information about how initiation theology was enacted through ritual movement and sound.
{"title":"Old Hispanic pre-baptism initiation rites, chants and processions","authors":"Emma Hornby, Rebecca Maloy","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2023.2210555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2023.2210555","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Themes of Christian initiation permeate the Old Hispanic liturgy for the three weeks before Easter, culminating in the Easter Vigil baptisms. Previous scholars have examined the initiation prayers, readings, and sermons in detail, exploring their connections with the writings of Ildephonsus of Toledo (d. 667). In this article, we consider the initiation rituals from the perspectives of liturgical movement and chant. On Mid-Lent Sunday (three weeks before Easter) and Palm Sunday, the themes of these rituals were developed both in the processional chants and the initiation-themed chants that surrounded them. These materials provide a rich source of information about how initiation theology was enacted through ritual movement and sound.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"270 - 299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45908416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2023.2215220
Mounir Saifi
ABSTRACT The present article deals with a popular 2005 Arabic historical drama television series, or musalsal, titled Mulūk al-Ṭawāʾif (The Taifa Kings), whose events take place in eleventh-century al-Andalus during what is termed the taifa period. To deconstruct the different dramatic-historical narratives generated by this musalsal, this qualitative analysis of its thirty episodes explores both the sociopolitical norms and the historical sources its script draws on. The musalsal’s representation of taifa al-Andalus is assessed for its potential function of commentary on the modern reality of the Arab world.
{"title":"Al-Andalus fictionalized for television in the Arab world: (re-)viewing the historical musalsal Mulūk al-Ṭawāʾif","authors":"Mounir Saifi","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2023.2215220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2023.2215220","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present article deals with a popular 2005 Arabic historical drama television series, or musalsal, titled Mulūk al-Ṭawāʾif (The Taifa Kings), whose events take place in eleventh-century al-Andalus during what is termed the taifa period. To deconstruct the different dramatic-historical narratives generated by this musalsal, this qualitative analysis of its thirty episodes explores both the sociopolitical norms and the historical sources its script draws on. The musalsal’s representation of taifa al-Andalus is assessed for its potential function of commentary on the modern reality of the Arab world.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"386 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42982676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2023.2214139
Eduardo Carrero Santamaría, Emma Hornby, Rebecca Maloy
ABSTRACT The Verona Orational, copied in Tarragona in the early eighth century, contains processional rubrics hinting at liturgical movement between churches on Carnes Tollendas Sunday at the beginning of Lent. The rubrics mention three places: Holy Jerusalem, Saint Fructuosus’s and Saint Peter’s. This essay examines the processional rubrics in tandem with the urban architecture of Visigothic Tarragona to place these processions as nearly as possible in their topographical context. We also consider the likely character of the chants sung during the processions, drawing both on the Verona Orational texts and the processional chants for Carnes Tollendas Sunday preserved in later manuscripts. This unique sonic and spatial experience signalled the beginning of Lent to the entire city, Christianizing the urban space.
{"title":"Processional liturgy in the urban space of seventh-century Tarragona","authors":"Eduardo Carrero Santamaría, Emma Hornby, Rebecca Maloy","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2023.2214139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2023.2214139","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Verona Orational, copied in Tarragona in the early eighth century, contains processional rubrics hinting at liturgical movement between churches on Carnes Tollendas Sunday at the beginning of Lent. The rubrics mention three places: Holy Jerusalem, Saint Fructuosus’s and Saint Peter’s. This essay examines the processional rubrics in tandem with the urban architecture of Visigothic Tarragona to place these processions as nearly as possible in their topographical context. We also consider the likely character of the chants sung during the processions, drawing both on the Verona Orational texts and the processional chants for Carnes Tollendas Sunday preserved in later manuscripts. This unique sonic and spatial experience signalled the beginning of Lent to the entire city, Christianizing the urban space.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"240 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48525603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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