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Crossroads and quaternions: possibilities of digital platforms for the study of miscellaneous and composite codices 十字路口和四元数:研究杂项和复合典籍的数字平台的可能性
IF 0.5 2区 历史学 0 MEDIEVAL & RENAISSANCE STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2021.2015077
Matthew J. Westerby
ABSTRACT Codex miscellanies are enigmatic witnesses to the intellectual and cultural exchanges of the Middle Ages, both within the Iberian Peninsula and across the Pyrenees. Individual texts plucked for reproduction from manuscript miscellanies are often encountered as fragments in secondary literature, isolated and compiled into subsequent gatherings of texts and images with their own respective functions. The practice of isolating these texts and images, as well as its intellectual motivations, has served to obscure our view of manuscript miscellanies and composites as material objects. This paper explores the possibilities of digital platforms for the investigation of miscellaneous codices through two brief case studies—Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) MS lat. 2858 and lat. 5132—to explore tools for collation visualization and annotation.
摘要:法典杂录是中世纪知识和文化交流的神秘见证者,无论是在伊比利亚半岛还是在比利牛斯山脉。从手稿杂录中挑选出来供复制的个别文本经常作为次要文献中的碎片出现,被孤立并汇编成具有各自功能的文本和图像的后续集合。隔离这些文本和图像的做法,以及其智力动机,掩盖了我们对手稿杂录和复合物作为实物的看法。本文通过两个简短的案例研究——法国国家图书馆(BnF)MS平台2858和平台5132——探索了数字平台调查杂编的可能性,以探索整理可视化和注释的工具。
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引用次数: 0
A manuscript present: translatio, media, and mediation in early medieval hispanolatin book culture 现稿:翻译、媒介和中介在早期中世纪西班牙书籍文化
IF 0.5 2区 历史学 0 MEDIEVAL & RENAISSANCE STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-11-04 DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2021.1988676
Catherine Brown
ABSTRACT The culture of our digital age has a wide streak of nostalgia for digits of flesh, blood, and bone. A good present moment, then, for a present of manuscript. The manuscript codex was digital before we were—only, the digits that made it were flesh and blood fingers instead of zeros and ones. The illuminated codices of early medieval Latin Iberia are particularly articulate about their own status as handmade, handwritten objects. This essay studies what they have to offer us as we think about media, mediation, and textual mobility in our “digital” age.
数字时代的文化对血肉和骨头的数字有着广泛的怀旧之情。那么,作为一份手稿的礼物,这是一个很好的礼物。手抄本在我们发明之前就已经是数字化的了,制作手抄本的数字是有血有肉的手指,而不是0和1。中世纪早期拉丁伊比利亚的照明手抄本特别清楚地说明了它们作为手工、手写物品的地位。本文研究了在我们思考“数字”时代的媒体、中介和文本流动性时,它们为我们提供了什么。
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引用次数: 1
Digital visionary women: introducing the “Catalogue of Living Saints” 数字梦想家女性:推出“活圣徒目录”
IF 0.5 2区 历史学 0 MEDIEVAL & RENAISSANCE STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-10-14 DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2021.1980897
Pablo Acosta-García, Rebeca Sanmartín Bastida
ABSTRACT This article introduces the “Catalogue of Living Saints,” a wiki catalogue that provides knowledge about the lives of Castilian charismatic women, prior to Teresa of Ávila (d. 1582), who acquired reputations for holiness in their own times. The lives of these “holy” women show great contact between court and convent, and they contribute to better understanding the history of women and their subsequent impact on society. The collected lives appeared in a diversity of sources: manuscripts of the fifteenth through seventeenth centuries, including conventual books and compendia containing lives of saints, handwritten and printed chronicles of religious orders in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Castile, and other works. Thus, the Catalogue recovers several texts that have never been printed before and that in most cases were never edited independently. Furthermore, it integrates the development of a database in order to understand the different proposed hagiographical models and their performative shape and spatial distribution of power. Additionally, this article discusses how gathering, editing, and reading the lives of these women via an open-access virtual tool creates a new hermeneutical framework regarding the materiality of the original codices and printed volumes. Finally, it proposes mitigation measures in the near future to bring contemporary reading practices (and interpretation) closer to historical ones.
摘要本文介绍了“活着的圣徒目录”,这是一个维基目录,提供了关于在阿维拉的特蕾莎(1582年)之前的卡斯蒂利亚魅力女性的生活知识,她在自己的时代获得了神圣的声誉。这些“神圣”女性的生活展示了宫廷和修道院之间的巨大联系,她们有助于更好地了解女性的历史及其对社会的影响。收集的生活来源多种多样:十五至十七世纪的手稿,包括包含圣徒生活的修道院书籍和简编,十六世纪和十七世纪卡斯蒂利亚宗教教团的手写和印刷编年史,以及其他作品。因此,《目录》恢复了一些以前从未印刷过、在大多数情况下从未独立编辑过的文本。此外,它集成了数据库的开发,以了解不同的圣徒传记模型及其表现形式和权力的空间分布。此外,本文还讨论了如何通过开放获取的虚拟工具收集、编辑和阅读这些女性的生活,为原始法典和印刷卷的实质性创造了一个新的解释学框架。最后,它提出了在不久的将来采取的缓解措施,以使当代阅读实践(和解读)更接近历史。
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引用次数: 0
Staging a woman’s lineage: memory and legitimation of Duchess Aldonza de Mendoza (d. 1435) 建立一个女人的血统:阿尔东扎·德·门多萨公爵夫人的记忆和合法化(1435年)
IF 0.5 2区 历史学 0 MEDIEVAL & RENAISSANCE STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2021.1975795
Ángel Fuentes Ortiz
ABSTRACT An exhaustive analysis of the very last words drafted by one of the most powerful noblewomen of the fifteenth century, Duchess Aldonza de Mendoza (d. 1435), reveals that her project to transform the Hieronymite monastery of Lupiana into a pantheon might have been connected to the birth of a child outside her marriage, more precisely, to a son who had remained hidden until the moment of Aldonza’s death. The aim of this study is to offer a new reading of the Duchess’s mausoleum, a pantheon planned to showcase her lineage by focusing exclusively on the female line. Further, this paper rediscovers two panels of the lost main altarpiece of the monastery of Lupiana commissioned by Aldonza de Mendoza and proposes an allegorical portrait of the Duchess represented as the wife of Pontius Pilate. Aldonza’s project reveals itself as crucial for understanding the self-fashioning mechanisms employed by late medieval women, as well as the ways in which visual culture was used in the shaping of female memorial programmes.
摘要对15世纪最有权势的贵族女性之一阿尔东扎·德·门多萨公爵夫人(公元1435年)起草的遗言进行了详尽的分析,揭示了她将卢皮安娜的希罗尼米特修道院改造成万神殿的计划可能与她婚外生下的一个孩子有关,更确切地说,一个一直隐藏到阿尔东扎去世的儿子。这项研究的目的是为公爵夫人的陵墓提供一个新的解读,这座万神殿计划通过专门关注女性血统来展示她的血统。此外,本文还重新发现了阿尔东扎·德·门多萨委托制作的卢皮亚纳修道院丢失的两幅主祭坛画,并提出了一幅以本丢·彼拉多的妻子为代表的公爵夫人的寓言肖像。Aldonza的项目表明,它对于理解中世纪晚期女性所采用的自我塑造机制,以及视觉文化在塑造女性纪念节目中的使用方式至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Housing developers in the context of construction fever in twelfth- and thirteenth-century Catalonia 12世纪和13世纪加泰罗尼亚建筑热背景下的住房开发商
IF 0.5 2区 历史学 0 MEDIEVAL & RENAISSANCE STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2021.1974514
J. M. Baget
ABSTRACT This article focuses on the different types of people who became housing developers in medieval Catalonia through the assignment in emphyteusis of land for building (“ad construendum domos”). As examples, the article looks at four places of different sizes and jurisdictions which are well enough documented – in some cases with a series of emphyteutic establishments – to permit a diachronic study. In addition to identifying some of the main developers and the kinds of actions they took in each area, the article reviews the beneficiaries of the subsequently allotted or distributed plots, conditions established in the donations, size of plots or other indications regarding construction, materials used, and layout of future dwellings. Although this study is primarily based on published documentary sources, some contributions from the field of archaeology are also considered. Ultimately, it aims to determine the timeline of this phenomenon, that is, the moments when such building activity might have peaked in the context of the demographic and economic growth of the whole period.
摘要本文聚焦于中世纪加泰罗尼亚不同类型的人,他们通过分配建筑用地(“ad constructendum domos”)成为住房开发商。例如,这篇文章着眼于四个不同规模和管辖范围的地方,这些地方有足够的文献记录——在某些情况下有一系列的植物栽培机构——可以进行历时性研究。除了确定一些主要开发商及其在每个地区采取的行动外,本文还审查了随后分配或分配的地块的受益人、捐赠中确定的条件、地块大小或其他有关建筑、使用的材料和未来住宅布局的指示。尽管这项研究主要基于已发表的文献资料,但也考虑了考古领域的一些贡献。最终,它旨在确定这一现象的时间线,即在整个时期的人口和经济增长背景下,这种建筑活动可能达到顶峰的时刻。
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引用次数: 0
El clero peninsular a través de la cronística (1337–1453): tipologías e intencionalidades 半岛神职人员通过编年史(1337 - 1453):类型和意图
IF 0.5 2区 历史学 0 MEDIEVAL & RENAISSANCE STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2021.1969029
Francisco José Díaz Marcilla
ABSTRACT El presente estudio pretende analizar el papel del clero ibérico durante el período de la Guerra de los Cien Años (1337–1453) y el Cisma de Occidente (1378–1417), tal como fue construido por las crónicas peninsulares oficiales, estudiando su repercusión indirecta o directa en la historia de los reinos cristianos de Portugal, Castilla, Navarra y Aragón. Dos van a ser las áreas de investigación que se van a comentar en este artículo: una clasificación de las tipologías de las acciones llevadas a cabo por los clérigos de manera individual y colectiva, así como del específico caso de la Santa Sede, y unas reflexiones sobre la intencionalidad de los autores y sus mecenas a la hora de aprovechar la figura del clérigo en el relato histórico oficial. Se evidenciará así cómo el relato cronístico ha utilizado la figura del clérigo para reforzar, justificar, explicar o rechazar la historia oficial en aras de la propaganda política.
ABSTRACT本研究旨在分析作用牧师的伊比利亚的百年战争期间(1337—航线)和西方分立(1378—142),是由慢性半岛正式活动,学习他们间接或直接影响葡萄牙历史上基督教王国,Navarra的卡斯蒂利亚和阿拉贡。两个是要研究领域要在本文评论:一个类型分类的神职人员进行行动单独地和集体地,以及罗马教廷的具体案例,而对作者的意图及其赞助人的时间利用图的神职人员在官方历史叙事。在这篇文章中,我们将展示历史学家如何利用牧师的形象来加强、证明、解释或拒绝官方历史,以进行政治宣传。
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引用次数: 0
Jews and the child murder libel in the medieval Iberian Peninsula: European trends and Iberian peculiarities 中世纪伊比利亚半岛的犹太人和儿童谋杀诽谤:欧洲趋势和伊比利亚的特点
IF 0.5 2区 历史学 0 MEDIEVAL & RENAISSANCE STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2021.1969673
F. Soyer
ABSTRACT This article examines the history of the child murder libel – the claim that Jews abducted and murdered Christian children for religious or magical purposes – in the Iberian Peninsula before the expulsion of the Jews from the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon in 1492. After analysing the documentary evidence and the number of alleged cases from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centuries, this article seeks to answer the following questions: Are the medieval Iberian child murder libel narratives just bland retellings of narratives found elsewhere in Europe, as has been argued, or did they develop peculiarities that set them apart?
摘要本文探讨了在1492年将犹太人驱逐出卡斯蒂利亚和阿拉贡王国之前,伊比利亚半岛发生的儿童谋杀诽谤案的历史。在分析了13世纪至15世纪的书面证据和指控案件数量后,本文试图回答以下问题:中世纪伊比利亚儿童谋杀诽谤叙事是否像人们所说的那样,只是对欧洲其他地方叙事的平淡复述,还是它们发展出了与众不同的特点?
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引用次数: 1
Castilian monarchy and dynastic memory: the financing of the Royal Chapel of Granada (1504–1526) 卡斯蒂利亚君主制与王朝记忆:格拉纳达皇家礼拜堂的资金筹措(1504-1526)
IF 0.5 2区 历史学 0 MEDIEVAL & RENAISSANCE STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2021.1972327
Gema Rayo Muñoz
ABSTRACT The Royal Chapel of Granada has been analysed from political, institutional, and artistic perspectives, yet it has never been studied from an economic point of view. This paper explores its financing from the moment of foundation in 1504 until the establishment of the Royal Chapel Congregation of 1526. A study of unpublished sources held at the General Archive of Simancas shows that the Catholic Monarchs, particularly Fernando, prioritised its construction to the detriment of developing a sound ecclesiastical organisation in the Kingdom of Granada. These documents highlight the Royal Chapel’s dependence on the royal treasury, by way of juros de heredad or extraordinary payment orders (libranzas), instead of relying on the revenues generated by its own properties and rights. Finally, the paper turns to Carlos V to show how the Royal Chapel became a priority during the first years of his reign.
人们从政治、制度和艺术角度对格拉纳达皇家教堂进行了分析,但从未从经济角度对其进行过研究。本文考察了它从1504年成立到1526年皇家礼拜堂成立的筹资过程。一项对西曼卡斯总档案馆未发表资料的研究表明,天主教君主,尤其是费尔南多,优先考虑其建设,不利于在格拉纳达王国发展健全的教会组织。这些文件强调了皇家教堂对皇家国库的依赖,通过特别支付令(libranzas)的方式,而不是依靠自己的财产和权利产生的收入。最后,论文转向卡洛斯五世,展示了在他统治的最初几年里,皇家教堂是如何成为优先事项的。
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引用次数: 0
Templar dispatches from the battlefield: a new source for the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa 圣殿骑士从战场发回的消息:拉斯纳瓦斯德托洛萨战役的新消息来源
IF 0.5 2区 历史学 0 MEDIEVAL & RENAISSANCE STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2021.1964033
M. Gómez
ABSTRACT A brief letter written by a Templar knight shortly after the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa on 16 July 1212, and preserved at the end of a manuscript of First Crusade histories, is a heretofore unrecognized source for this key Iberian battle. Though containing little new information, the letter illuminates the networks by which news of the battle was disseminated, and its inclusion alongside liturgical materials celebrating the capture of Jerusalem on 15 July 1099 at the end of the First Crusade suggests an association between the two midsummer crusade victories.
1212年7月16日,一名圣殿骑士在拉斯纳瓦斯德托洛萨战役后不久写了一封简短的信,保存在第一次十字军东征历史手稿的末尾,这是迄今为止未被确认的伊比利亚关键战役的来源。虽然没有什么新信息,但这封信阐明了战争新闻传播的网络,它与庆祝1099年7月15日第一次十字军东征结束时占领耶路撒冷的礼拜材料一起出现,表明两次仲夏十字军东征的胜利之间存在联系。
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引用次数: 0
Antes del notariado alfonsí: los escribanos de Ribadavia en la primera mitad del siglo XIII 在公证人alfonsi之前:13世纪上半叶的里巴达维亚抄写员
IF 0.5 2区 历史学 0 MEDIEVAL & RENAISSANCE STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-08-11 DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2021.1959942
M. C. Puerta
ABSTRACT Un elemento clave en el proceso de conformación de una sociedad letrada es la constitución de oficiales capaces de conferir fe pública a los documentos que escriben. En los reinos de León y Castilla, el momento canónico de ese proceso es la definición del notariado público en la obra legislativa de Alfonso X. Este artículo explora las raíces del fenómeno en las décadas anteriores, mediante el análisis del caso de los escribanos del concejo de Ribadavia, en Galicia. En una próspera comunidad urbana, durante la primera mitad del siglo XIII varios escribanos sucesivos se identifican progresivamente como escribanos al servicio de la comunidad concejil, a veces calificados como jurados y públicos. El estudio de la génesis documental permite constatar también la existencia de registros, y por tanto la descomposición del trabajo de escritura de documentos en la serie de etapas que son características de la configuración del instrumentum publicum. Su análisis diplomático evidencia igualmente la introducción progresiva de las cláusulas del derecho notarial, recibidas posiblemente a través de algunas instituciones eclesiásticas del entorno.
在这一过程中,我们发现了一种方法,在这种方法中,一个人的行为被认为是一种行为,而另一个人的行为则是一种行为。在莱昂和卡斯蒂利亚王国,这一进程目前正典是界定公共公证件立法阿方索x本文探究根部的现象在过去数十年来,通过案例分析Ribadavia市政局作家,在加利西亚。在一个繁荣的城市社区,在13世纪上半叶,几个连续的书记员逐渐被认为是为市议会社区服务的书记员,有时被称为陪审员和公众。通过对文献起源的研究,我们也可以确定记录的存在,从而将文献写作的工作分解为一系列阶段,这些阶段是公共工具配置的特征。他的外交分析也证明了公证法条款的逐步引入,可能是通过附近的一些教会机构获得的。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies
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