Cycas seemannii (Cycadaceae) is a widespread and highly variable species. This study investigates morphological variability and ethnobotanical uses throughout the entire range (Torres Strait Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji and Tonga) of the species. The morphological characters studied are highly variable among populations and unrelated to genetic differences. Characters are also more variable than previously assumed and because of this we provide an updated, detailed taxonomic description of Cycas seemannii based on extensive morphometric data, fieldwork and herbarium specimens. The plant is of great cultural importance in Vanuatu, its seeds are utilised as a source of starch and it is a widely cultivated ornamental. Possible consequences of the plant's decreasing cultural importance are discussed.
{"title":"Morphological variation, an expanded description and ethnobotanical evaluation of Cycas seemannii A.Braun (Cycadaceae)","authors":"G. Keppel","doi":"10.1071/SP09004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SP09004","url":null,"abstract":"Cycas seemannii (Cycadaceae) is a widespread and highly variable species. This study investigates morphological variability and ethnobotanical uses throughout the entire range (Torres Strait Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji and Tonga) of the species. The morphological characters studied are highly variable among populations and unrelated to genetic differences. Characters are also more variable than previously assumed and because of this we provide an updated, detailed taxonomic description of Cycas seemannii based on extensive morphometric data, fieldwork and herbarium specimens. The plant is of great cultural importance in Vanuatu, its seeds are utilised as a source of starch and it is a widely cultivated ornamental. Possible consequences of the plant's decreasing cultural importance are discussed.","PeriodicalId":432253,"journal":{"name":"The South Pacific Journal of Natural Science","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127371521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fresh aerial parts of three species of basil, Ocimum basilicum, O. tacilium and O. canum were subjected to exhaustive hydrodistillation to afford pale yellow coloured oils in 1.0, 0.7 and 0.01 percent yields respectively. Detailed chemical evaluation by GC and GC/MS revealed O. basilicum to be composed of a total of eleven components representing 100 percent of the total oil composition. Neral (36.1 %) and geranial (44.5 %) were found to be the major components. Ocimum tacilium was found to be composed of five components representing 99.8 % of the total oil composition with estragole (96.6 %) being the major component. Five components were observed in O. canum, representing 72.3 percent of the total oil composition with eugenol (35.3 %) and linalool (27.2 %) as the major components. The high citral (neral + geranial) content in O. basilicum suggests that it belong to the citral chemotype while O. tacilium belong to the estragole chemotype and O. canum belong to the eugenol chemotype.
{"title":"Volatile chemical constituents of three Ocimum species (Lamiaceae) from Papua New Guinea (SPJNS)","authors":"Stewart W. Wossa, T. Rali, D. Leach","doi":"10.1071/SP08003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SP08003","url":null,"abstract":"Fresh aerial parts of three species of basil, Ocimum basilicum, O. tacilium and O. canum were subjected to exhaustive hydrodistillation to afford pale yellow coloured oils in 1.0, 0.7 and 0.01 percent yields respectively. Detailed chemical evaluation by GC and GC/MS revealed O. basilicum to be composed of a total of eleven components representing 100 percent of the total oil composition. Neral (36.1 %) and geranial (44.5 %) were found to be the major components. Ocimum tacilium was found to be composed of five components representing 99.8 % of the total oil composition with estragole (96.6 %) being the major component. Five components were observed in O. canum, representing 72.3 percent of the total oil composition with eugenol (35.3 %) and linalool (27.2 %) as the major components. The high citral (neral + geranial) content in O. basilicum suggests that it belong to the citral chemotype while O. tacilium belong to the estragole chemotype and O. canum belong to the eugenol chemotype.","PeriodicalId":432253,"journal":{"name":"The South Pacific Journal of Natural Science","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132380743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Availability of quality power has become an important issue for industrial utilities due to frequent performance variations in process industries. Increase in the generating capacity has not kept up pace of power demand, which results into shortage of power supply and power system network is normally subjected to varying and unequal loads across the three phases. Continuous variation of single-phase loads on the power system network leads to voltage variation and unbalance, most importantly; the three-phase voltages tend to become asymmetrical in nature. Application of asymmetrical voltages to induction motor driven systems severely affects its working performance. This paper presents the effects of voltage variation and unbalance on the performance of an induction motor driven centrifugal pump with a case study.
{"title":"Impact of voltage unbalance on the performance of three-phase induction motor","authors":"Giridhar P Kini, R. Bansal, R. Aithal","doi":"10.1071/SP06007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SP06007","url":null,"abstract":"Availability of quality power has become an important issue for industrial utilities due to frequent performance variations in process industries. Increase in the generating capacity has not kept up pace of power demand, which results into shortage of power supply and power system network is normally subjected to varying and unequal loads across the three phases. Continuous variation of single-phase loads on the power system network leads to voltage variation and unbalance, most importantly; the three-phase voltages tend to become asymmetrical in nature. Application of asymmetrical voltages to induction motor driven systems severely affects its working performance. This paper presents the effects of voltage variation and unbalance on the performance of an induction motor driven centrifugal pump with a case study.","PeriodicalId":432253,"journal":{"name":"The South Pacific Journal of Natural Science","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133493352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes a new methodology based on peak load consideration for reliability evaluation of a generation system. The methodology has been developed using Simpson’s (1/3)rd rule for loss of load probability (LOLP) evaluation. Load models are considered as straight line and stepped load duration curve for reliability evaluation. The LOLP evaluation is based on peak load consideration. The probability of load exceeding the generating capacity has also been considered in LOLP evaluation.
{"title":"Generation capacity adequacy evaluation based on peak load consideration","authors":"R. K. Saket, R. Bansal, Gurmit Singh","doi":"10.1071/SP06006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SP06006","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new methodology based on peak load consideration for reliability evaluation of a generation system. The methodology has been developed using Simpson’s (1/3)rd rule for loss of load probability (LOLP) evaluation. Load models are considered as straight line and stepped load duration curve for reliability evaluation. The LOLP evaluation is based on peak load consideration. The probability of load exceeding the generating capacity has also been considered in LOLP evaluation.","PeriodicalId":432253,"journal":{"name":"The South Pacific Journal of Natural Science","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115948472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The compensation of transmission line reactance by means of series compensation is an effective method increasing the power transfer capacity and thereby improving the transient stability of the power system. This paper presents a novel series compensation method to increase the power capacity of the system. The proposed method is applied to a 9-bus power system.
{"title":"A new algorithm to enhance power transfer using series capacitor","authors":"H. D. Mathur, C. M. Arora, R. Bansal","doi":"10.1071/SP06009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SP06009","url":null,"abstract":"The compensation of transmission line reactance by means of series compensation is an effective method increasing the power transfer capacity and thereby improving the transient stability of the power system. This paper presents a novel series compensation method to increase the power capacity of the system. The proposed method is applied to a 9-bus power system.","PeriodicalId":432253,"journal":{"name":"The South Pacific Journal of Natural Science","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122953266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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