Pub Date : 2010-06-27DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2010.5585584
Mahmoud Milad Alagele, M. Abdalla, A. Zerek
In this paper a simple single-stage single-switch input-current shaping (S4ICS) circuit was designed, simulated and tested for AC/DC converter which generates input current harmonics due to its non-linear characteristics. A sinusoidal input current with nearly unity distortion factor was achieved through current harmonics mitigation by using PWM boost regulator. The circuit utilizes the charging and discarching increments of boost inductor current to shape a sinusoidal input current. Inductor current was controlled by means of PWM controller. The controller accepts two feed back signals, the first is the inductor current and the other is the output voltage of the AC/DC converter. The simulation results of fast fourier transform (FFT) show the great reduction in current harmonic which in turns tends to a great improvement in power factor and the sinusoidal shape of input current‥
{"title":"Design and simulation of single stage single switch input current shaping circuit for AC/DC converter based on PWM technique","authors":"Mahmoud Milad Alagele, M. Abdalla, A. Zerek","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2010.5585584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2010.5585584","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a simple single-stage single-switch input-current shaping (S4ICS) circuit was designed, simulated and tested for AC/DC converter which generates input current harmonics due to its non-linear characteristics. A sinusoidal input current with nearly unity distortion factor was achieved through current harmonics mitigation by using PWM boost regulator. The circuit utilizes the charging and discarching increments of boost inductor current to shape a sinusoidal input current. Inductor current was controlled by means of PWM controller. The controller accepts two feed back signals, the first is the inductor current and the other is the output voltage of the AC/DC converter. The simulation results of fast fourier transform (FFT) show the great reduction in current harmonic which in turns tends to a great improvement in power factor and the sinusoidal shape of input current‥","PeriodicalId":432382,"journal":{"name":"2010 7th International Multi- Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130241844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-27DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2010.5585598
Mohammed Y. Hassan, G. Kothapalli
The Pneumatic actuation systems are widely used in industrial automation, such as drilling, sawing, squeezing, gripping, and spraying. Also, they are used in motion control of materials and parts handling, packing machines, machine tools, and in robotics; e.g. two-legged robot. In this paper, a Neural Network based PI controller and Neural Network based PID controller are designed and simulated to increase the position accuracy in a pneumatic servo actuator. In these designs, a well-trained Neural Network provides these controllers with suitable gains depending on feedback representing changes in position error and changes in external load force. These gains should keep the positional response within minimum overshoot, minimum rise time and minimum steady state error. A comparison between Neural Network based PI controller and Neural Network based PID controller was made to find the best controller that can be generated with simple structure according to the number of hidden layers and the number of neurons per layer. It was concluded that the Neural Network based PID controller was trained and generated with simpler structure and minimum Mean Square Error compared with the trained and generated one used with PI controller.
{"title":"Comparison between Neural Network based PI and PID controllers","authors":"Mohammed Y. Hassan, G. Kothapalli","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2010.5585598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2010.5585598","url":null,"abstract":"The Pneumatic actuation systems are widely used in industrial automation, such as drilling, sawing, squeezing, gripping, and spraying. Also, they are used in motion control of materials and parts handling, packing machines, machine tools, and in robotics; e.g. two-legged robot. In this paper, a Neural Network based PI controller and Neural Network based PID controller are designed and simulated to increase the position accuracy in a pneumatic servo actuator. In these designs, a well-trained Neural Network provides these controllers with suitable gains depending on feedback representing changes in position error and changes in external load force. These gains should keep the positional response within minimum overshoot, minimum rise time and minimum steady state error. A comparison between Neural Network based PI controller and Neural Network based PID controller was made to find the best controller that can be generated with simple structure according to the number of hidden layers and the number of neurons per layer. It was concluded that the Neural Network based PID controller was trained and generated with simpler structure and minimum Mean Square Error compared with the trained and generated one used with PI controller.","PeriodicalId":432382,"journal":{"name":"2010 7th International Multi- Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130447088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-27DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2010.5585562
K. Hamwi, M. Khaddour, O. Hammami
Edge detection is a critical element in image processing, since edges contain a major function of image information. The function of edge detection is to identify the boundaries of homogeneous regions in an image based on properties such as intensity and texture. The morphological filter is used as an initial process in edge detection for noisy images where “opening-closing” operations are used to filter noise thus enhancing edge detection performance. In this paper we study the additional cost in resources caused by implementing the morphological filter prior to edge detection, area, power and energy consumption are considered, the cost is a major factor in determining to use or not the morphological filter in a particular application. To achieve this estimation we used a high level estimation tool, high level design and estimation is gaining ground as it allows design decisions in an early stages of development therefore reducing costs, these tools are also gaining in accuracy. We used morphological filter as a preprocessing stage for the Shen-Castan edge detector. Starting C code the high level estimation tool produces RTL level circuits and using power and energy consumption models based on a hardware database (generic ASIC in our case) it produces reports about Area, Power and Energy consumption, an estimation of performance is also possible.
{"title":"High level estimation of implementation cost of using morphological filter in edge detection","authors":"K. Hamwi, M. Khaddour, O. Hammami","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2010.5585562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2010.5585562","url":null,"abstract":"Edge detection is a critical element in image processing, since edges contain a major function of image information. The function of edge detection is to identify the boundaries of homogeneous regions in an image based on properties such as intensity and texture. The morphological filter is used as an initial process in edge detection for noisy images where “opening-closing” operations are used to filter noise thus enhancing edge detection performance. In this paper we study the additional cost in resources caused by implementing the morphological filter prior to edge detection, area, power and energy consumption are considered, the cost is a major factor in determining to use or not the morphological filter in a particular application. To achieve this estimation we used a high level estimation tool, high level design and estimation is gaining ground as it allows design decisions in an early stages of development therefore reducing costs, these tools are also gaining in accuracy. We used morphological filter as a preprocessing stage for the Shen-Castan edge detector. Starting C code the high level estimation tool produces RTL level circuits and using power and energy consumption models based on a hardware database (generic ASIC in our case) it produces reports about Area, Power and Energy consumption, an estimation of performance is also possible.","PeriodicalId":432382,"journal":{"name":"2010 7th International Multi- Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134289515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-27DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2010.5585543
K. Koubaâ, M. Feki, A. El Aroudi, B. Robert, N. Derbel
In this paper, we are interested in studying the stability of the two-cell DC/DC buck converter. First, this system is described by a discrete nonlinear model in the state space. Next, we design a dynamic time-delayed feedback controller to assure equal distribution of the potential difference between the cells and to achieve a reference current through the load. According to the controller parameters, two cases are treated in this paper. A stability analysis of the system is carried out for each case. These results are confirmed with numerical simulations.
{"title":"Stability analysis of a two-cell DC/DC converter using a dynamic time delayed feedback controller","authors":"K. Koubaâ, M. Feki, A. El Aroudi, B. Robert, N. Derbel","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2010.5585543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2010.5585543","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we are interested in studying the stability of the two-cell DC/DC buck converter. First, this system is described by a discrete nonlinear model in the state space. Next, we design a dynamic time-delayed feedback controller to assure equal distribution of the potential difference between the cells and to achieve a reference current through the load. According to the controller parameters, two cases are treated in this paper. A stability analysis of the system is carried out for each case. These results are confirmed with numerical simulations.","PeriodicalId":432382,"journal":{"name":"2010 7th International Multi- Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116717367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-27DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2010.5585506
Qinghai Shi, Uwe Troeltzsch, O. Kanoun
The localization of cable faults is very important for communication systems, power distribution systems and vehicles. Reflectometry methods are often used to detect and locate cable faults. A high-frequency signal is send down the cable. The reflected signal includes information about changes of cable impedance. With measurement of the time or phase delay the faults can be detected and located. These methods are used to detect open and short circuits. There are also techniques available for detecting frays, joints and other small anomalies. This paper describes and simulates different wire test methods that suitable for portable or in-situ test equipment and compares their advantages and disadvantages. The methods compared are the time domain reflectometry (TDR), time frequency domain reflectometry (TFDR) and frequency domain reflectometry (FDR).
{"title":"Detection and localization of cable faults by time and frequency domain measurements","authors":"Qinghai Shi, Uwe Troeltzsch, O. Kanoun","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2010.5585506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2010.5585506","url":null,"abstract":"The localization of cable faults is very important for communication systems, power distribution systems and vehicles. Reflectometry methods are often used to detect and locate cable faults. A high-frequency signal is send down the cable. The reflected signal includes information about changes of cable impedance. With measurement of the time or phase delay the faults can be detected and located. These methods are used to detect open and short circuits. There are also techniques available for detecting frays, joints and other small anomalies. This paper describes and simulates different wire test methods that suitable for portable or in-situ test equipment and compares their advantages and disadvantages. The methods compared are the time domain reflectometry (TDR), time frequency domain reflectometry (TFDR) and frequency domain reflectometry (FDR).","PeriodicalId":432382,"journal":{"name":"2010 7th International Multi- Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129820541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-27DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2010.5585508
Najah Yousfi, C. Rekik, M. Jallouli, N. Derbel
Obstacle avoidance and path planning are the most important problems in mobile robots. In this paper, a fuzzy logic controller has been constructed in order to train an intelligent robot. Gradient method is used to optimize consequences of a Sugeno fuzzy logic controller for the mobile robot navigation, in order to reach a target in a clutterd environment. Not only simulation results are shown in this paper, but also the “real-time” implementation has been realized onto the mini robot Khepera II. Simulation results verify successfully the application of the proposed method to real motion situations.
{"title":"Optimized fuzzy controller for mobile robot navigation in a cluttered environment","authors":"Najah Yousfi, C. Rekik, M. Jallouli, N. Derbel","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2010.5585508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2010.5585508","url":null,"abstract":"Obstacle avoidance and path planning are the most important problems in mobile robots. In this paper, a fuzzy logic controller has been constructed in order to train an intelligent robot. Gradient method is used to optimize consequences of a Sugeno fuzzy logic controller for the mobile robot navigation, in order to reach a target in a clutterd environment. Not only simulation results are shown in this paper, but also the “real-time” implementation has been realized onto the mini robot Khepera II. Simulation results verify successfully the application of the proposed method to real motion situations.","PeriodicalId":432382,"journal":{"name":"2010 7th International Multi- Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130797247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-27DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2010.5585510
O. Alani, O. Daoud, I. Abu-Isbeih
Capacity in Wideband Code Multiple Access (WCDMA) systems is interference limited, it is also strongly linked with coverage. The greater the level of influx of users within the cell, the higher the interference and hence the lower the cell coverage becomes and vice versa. This is called Cell Breathing. In this paper a Walsh coding is used as a precoding stage to the Multiple-Input Multiple Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system. The results of this work are compared with a conventional work that is based on convolutional coding. This is in order to check its fitness to the current system structure and the enhancement of the Eb/No, which will directly result in a better cell coverage and continued reliable services for the area of the cell as the load increases. Based on the simulation results, Walsh coding shows a slight improvement of complemetary cumulative distribution function (CCDF). As a consiquence, the MIMO-OFDM systems' performance is improved comparing with the covolutionally coded MIMO-OFDM system. Thus, not only the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) is saved, but also the frequency spectrum efficiency is improved.
{"title":"Coverage planning in 3G multimedia networks based on Walsh coding","authors":"O. Alani, O. Daoud, I. Abu-Isbeih","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2010.5585510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2010.5585510","url":null,"abstract":"Capacity in Wideband Code Multiple Access (WCDMA) systems is interference limited, it is also strongly linked with coverage. The greater the level of influx of users within the cell, the higher the interference and hence the lower the cell coverage becomes and vice versa. This is called Cell Breathing. In this paper a Walsh coding is used as a precoding stage to the Multiple-Input Multiple Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system. The results of this work are compared with a conventional work that is based on convolutional coding. This is in order to check its fitness to the current system structure and the enhancement of the Eb/No, which will directly result in a better cell coverage and continued reliable services for the area of the cell as the load increases. Based on the simulation results, Walsh coding shows a slight improvement of complemetary cumulative distribution function (CCDF). As a consiquence, the MIMO-OFDM systems' performance is improved comparing with the covolutionally coded MIMO-OFDM system. Thus, not only the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) is saved, but also the frequency spectrum efficiency is improved.","PeriodicalId":432382,"journal":{"name":"2010 7th International Multi- Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124378399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-27DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2010.5585507
K. Daqrouq, G. Amer
Wavelet Neural Network Evaluation method WNNEM is proposed as a powerful tool for enhanced speech signal evaluation. This objective evaluation measure utilizes Feed forward back Propagation Neural Network FFBNN to train the free of noise signal, and then enhanced signal is simulated to the training output results taken for given target. The distance between simulation and the target, over different wavelet sub bands is studied. Four known speech enhancement method for studying the performance of WNNEM are utilized. The advantage of this method is the evaluation of different band passes of frequency based on wavelet transform by neural network, which is very influential tool for non stationary signals processing. Several objective measures are used to investigate the WNNEM compatibility. Results proved the validity of the proposed method.
{"title":"Wavelet in conjunction with Neural Network method for speech enhancement quality evaluation","authors":"K. Daqrouq, G. Amer","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2010.5585507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2010.5585507","url":null,"abstract":"Wavelet Neural Network Evaluation method WNNEM is proposed as a powerful tool for enhanced speech signal evaluation. This objective evaluation measure utilizes Feed forward back Propagation Neural Network FFBNN to train the free of noise signal, and then enhanced signal is simulated to the training output results taken for given target. The distance between simulation and the target, over different wavelet sub bands is studied. Four known speech enhancement method for studying the performance of WNNEM are utilized. The advantage of this method is the evaluation of different band passes of frequency based on wavelet transform by neural network, which is very influential tool for non stationary signals processing. Several objective measures are used to investigate the WNNEM compatibility. Results proved the validity of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":432382,"journal":{"name":"2010 7th International Multi- Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133655386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-27DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2010.5585550
Amina Turki, M. Chtourou, M. Djemel
This paper deals with the problem of neural modeling of nonlinear systems. In a first place, we will discuss the neural modeling process.
本文研究非线性系统的神经网络建模问题。首先，我们将讨论神经建模过程。
{"title":"Neural approaches for modelling nonlinear systems","authors":"Amina Turki, M. Chtourou, M. Djemel","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2010.5585550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2010.5585550","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the problem of neural modeling of nonlinear systems. In a first place, we will discuss the neural modeling process.","PeriodicalId":432382,"journal":{"name":"2010 7th International Multi- Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133795236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-27DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2010.5585524
Smaoui Soulef, H. Loukil, A. Ben Atitallah, N. Masmoudi
In this paper, we present an implementation of an optimized H.264 intra 4×4 algorithm in order to reduce the time of the intra 4×4 process. However the source of waste time in conventional architecture of intra 4×4 is the serialization of intra prediction and reconstruction of sixteen 4×4 blocks in one macroblock and the intra prediction of the current 4×4 block cannot be performed before the reconstruction of the previous 4×4 block. Therefore, for a high speed implementation we replaced the conventional one by a pipelined architecture while maintaining consistency with the standard. So we have studied ten alternative scanning orders based on rearranging order of intra 4×4 and we choose the best one which reduce dependencies between consecutively executed blocks without performance degradation. This order is implemented by a pipelined architecture using VHDL language. The VHDL code is verified to work at 100 MHz in an ALTERA Stratix II EP2S60F1020C3 FPGA. As a result, the processing time is reduced by 31.25% compared to the conventional implementation. So, it can be a good solution for real-time video application. The H.264 intra 4×4 hardware and software are demonstrated to work together on ALTERA NIOS-II development board with Stratix II EP2S60F1020C3 FPGA.
在本文中，我们提出了一个优化的H.264 intra 4×4算法的实现，以减少intra 4×4过程的时间。然而，在传统的intra 4×4架构中，浪费时间的根源是在一个宏块中序列化16个4×4块的内部预测和重建，并且不能在重建前一个4×4块之前执行当前4×4块的内部预测。因此，对于高速实现，我们在保持与标准的一致性的同时，用流水线架构取代了传统的实现。因此，我们研究了10种基于内部重新排列顺序4×4的扫描顺序，并选择了最佳的扫描顺序，减少了连续执行块之间的依赖关系，而不会降低性能。该命令是通过使用VHDL语言的流水线架构实现的。VHDL代码经验证可在ALTERA Stratix II EP2S60F1020C3 FPGA中工作在100 MHz。因此，与传统实现相比，处理时间减少了31.25%。因此，它可以成为实时视频应用的一个很好的解决方案。演示了H.264内部4×4硬件和软件在ALTERA NIOS-II开发板上与Stratix II EP2S60F1020C3 FPGA一起工作。
{"title":"An efficient pipeline execution of H.264/AVC intra 4×4 frame design","authors":"Smaoui Soulef, H. Loukil, A. Ben Atitallah, N. Masmoudi","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2010.5585524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2010.5585524","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present an implementation of an optimized H.264 intra 4×4 algorithm in order to reduce the time of the intra 4×4 process. However the source of waste time in conventional architecture of intra 4×4 is the serialization of intra prediction and reconstruction of sixteen 4×4 blocks in one macroblock and the intra prediction of the current 4×4 block cannot be performed before the reconstruction of the previous 4×4 block. Therefore, for a high speed implementation we replaced the conventional one by a pipelined architecture while maintaining consistency with the standard. So we have studied ten alternative scanning orders based on rearranging order of intra 4×4 and we choose the best one which reduce dependencies between consecutively executed blocks without performance degradation. This order is implemented by a pipelined architecture using VHDL language. The VHDL code is verified to work at 100 MHz in an ALTERA Stratix II EP2S60F1020C3 FPGA. As a result, the processing time is reduced by 31.25% compared to the conventional implementation. So, it can be a good solution for real-time video application. The H.264 intra 4×4 hardware and software are demonstrated to work together on ALTERA NIOS-II development board with Stratix II EP2S60F1020C3 FPGA.","PeriodicalId":432382,"journal":{"name":"2010 7th International Multi- Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"2018 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132938908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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