{"title":"Cormac O’Brien, Acting the Man: Masculinities and Manhood in Contemporary Irish Drama","authors":"G. Price","doi":"10.3366/iur.2022.0581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/iur.2022.0581","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43277,"journal":{"name":"IRISH UNIVERSITY REVIEW","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46449808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deirdre Brady, Literary Coteries and the Irish Women Writers’ Club (1933–1958)","authors":"G. Meaney","doi":"10.3366/iur.2022.0577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/iur.2022.0577","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43277,"journal":{"name":"IRISH UNIVERSITY REVIEW","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48388925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From Gaelic annals and medieval poetry to contemporary Irish literature, A History of Irish Literature and the Environment examines the connections between the Irish environment and Irish literary culture. Themes such as Ireland's island ecology, the ecological history of colonial-era plantation and deforestation, the Great Famine, cultural attitudes towards animals and towards the land, the postcolonial politics of food and energy generation, and the Covid-19 pandemic - this book shows how these factors determine not only a history of the Irish environment but also provide fresh perspectives from which to understand and analyze Irish literature. An international team of contributors provides a comprehensive analysis of Irish literature to show how the literary has always been deeply engaged with environmental questions in Ireland, a crucial new perspective in an age of climate crisis. A History of Irish Literature and the Environment reveals the socio-cultural, racial, and gendered aspects embedded in questions of the Irish environment.
{"title":"A History of Irish Literature and the Environment","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/9781108780322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108780322","url":null,"abstract":"From Gaelic annals and medieval poetry to contemporary Irish literature, A History of Irish Literature and the Environment examines the connections between the Irish environment and Irish literary culture. Themes such as Ireland's island ecology, the ecological history of colonial-era plantation and deforestation, the Great Famine, cultural attitudes towards animals and towards the land, the postcolonial politics of food and energy generation, and the Covid-19 pandemic - this book shows how these factors determine not only a history of the Irish environment but also provide fresh perspectives from which to understand and analyze Irish literature. An international team of contributors provides a comprehensive analysis of Irish literature to show how the literary has always been deeply engaged with environmental questions in Ireland, a crucial new perspective in an age of climate crisis. A History of Irish Literature and the Environment reveals the socio-cultural, racial, and gendered aspects embedded in questions of the Irish environment.","PeriodicalId":43277,"journal":{"name":"IRISH UNIVERSITY REVIEW","volume":"8 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56926388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maud Ellmann, Siân White and Vicki Mahaffey (editors). The Edinburgh Companion to Irish Modernism","authors":"Megan Girdwood","doi":"10.3366/iur.2022.0550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/iur.2022.0550","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43277,"journal":{"name":"IRISH UNIVERSITY REVIEW","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47738041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction: Institutions and Ireland – Transforming Representations","authors":"A. Dempsey, Jane Mahony, Stephen O'Neill","doi":"10.3366/iur.2022.0537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/iur.2022.0537","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43277,"journal":{"name":"IRISH UNIVERSITY REVIEW","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48475685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article addresses the extent to which historical abuses can be evaluated through the lens of transitional justice. Transitional justice concerns a society’s attempts to address widespread or systemic human rights violations. This article will evaluate the approach taken in Ireland in responding to abuse claims in the context of Mother and Baby Homes and, specifically, the government response to the Commission of Investigation into Mother and Baby Homes in 2021. In its manner of addressing cases of institutional abuse, the Republic of Ireland risks ignoring the best practices adopted through a transitional justice paradigm, and thus missing the opportunity to demonstrate the central significance of institutional abuse to national identity, to a transformed national narrative and to the relationship of Church and State. Finally, this process of addressing the past may neglect to comprehensively acknowledge the rights held and harms experienced by victim-survivors. The Irish government’s response has so far failed to prioritize their voices and preferences as the central feature of how we view and redress historical institutional abuse.
{"title":"Institutions and Ireland: Mother and Baby Homes and Transitional Justice","authors":"J. Gallen","doi":"10.3366/iur.2022.0545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/iur.2022.0545","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the extent to which historical abuses can be evaluated through the lens of transitional justice. Transitional justice concerns a society’s attempts to address widespread or systemic human rights violations. This article will evaluate the approach taken in Ireland in responding to abuse claims in the context of Mother and Baby Homes and, specifically, the government response to the Commission of Investigation into Mother and Baby Homes in 2021. In its manner of addressing cases of institutional abuse, the Republic of Ireland risks ignoring the best practices adopted through a transitional justice paradigm, and thus missing the opportunity to demonstrate the central significance of institutional abuse to national identity, to a transformed national narrative and to the relationship of Church and State. Finally, this process of addressing the past may neglect to comprehensively acknowledge the rights held and harms experienced by victim-survivors. The Irish government’s response has so far failed to prioritize their voices and preferences as the central feature of how we view and redress historical institutional abuse.","PeriodicalId":43277,"journal":{"name":"IRISH UNIVERSITY REVIEW","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41245791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article considers the banknotes printed in the Irish Free State as discrete case studies in order to examine the aesthetic debates of the 1920s, between the rural and the urban; insularism and internationalism; between the decision to foster native artists or present an outward-looking nation by commissioning the most renowned artists outside of Ireland; between choosing the visual representation of partition or its symbolic erasure. The focus of the article is the first series of legal tender notes known as the ‘Lady Lavery Series’, issued from 10 September 1928, and the consolidated banknotes, referred to as the ‘Ploughman Series’, first issued between May and June 1929. The collaboration of artists, including John Lavery, Dermod O’Brien and E. L. Lawrenson, and government institutions, namely the Currency Commission and the Department of Finance, are considered, with specific attention to the design and reception of the two series of banknotes. The intermediary role of the banknotes advisory committee – consisting of art experts Thomas Bodkin, Dermod O’Brien and Lucius O’Callaghan – illuminate both the practical and aesthetic considerations weighed up by the artists and state institutions. The under-examined design processes behind the Free State banknotes are placed within the wider context of state-run commissions and competitions – coinage, postage stamps, official seals – that helped shape a distinctive visual identity for Ireland in the 1920s.
{"title":"Banknotes of the Irish Free State","authors":"John T. Quin","doi":"10.3366/iur.2022.0540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/iur.2022.0540","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers the banknotes printed in the Irish Free State as discrete case studies in order to examine the aesthetic debates of the 1920s, between the rural and the urban; insularism and internationalism; between the decision to foster native artists or present an outward-looking nation by commissioning the most renowned artists outside of Ireland; between choosing the visual representation of partition or its symbolic erasure. The focus of the article is the first series of legal tender notes known as the ‘Lady Lavery Series’, issued from 10 September 1928, and the consolidated banknotes, referred to as the ‘Ploughman Series’, first issued between May and June 1929. The collaboration of artists, including John Lavery, Dermod O’Brien and E. L. Lawrenson, and government institutions, namely the Currency Commission and the Department of Finance, are considered, with specific attention to the design and reception of the two series of banknotes. The intermediary role of the banknotes advisory committee – consisting of art experts Thomas Bodkin, Dermod O’Brien and Lucius O’Callaghan – illuminate both the practical and aesthetic considerations weighed up by the artists and state institutions. The under-examined design processes behind the Free State banknotes are placed within the wider context of state-run commissions and competitions – coinage, postage stamps, official seals – that helped shape a distinctive visual identity for Ireland in the 1920s.","PeriodicalId":43277,"journal":{"name":"IRISH UNIVERSITY REVIEW","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41521478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article focuses on the role that prisoners play in the poems of Seamus Heaney. From the time of the introduction of internment in Northern Ireland in the early 1970s, Heaney’s poems frequently touch on prisoners, the conditions in which they are held, and how they might be conceptualized. This article discusses how these poems reflect contemporaneous political discourse regarding prisoners. It also shows how Heaney’s engagements with prisoners are refracted, characteristically, through his earliest memories, and through his knowledge of literature. In particular, Second World War POWs and Heaney’s knowledge of Russian authors, including Osip Mandelstam and Anton Chekhov, provide significant contexts for his engagements with Troubles-era prisoners. Drawing on materials from the Heaney Literary Papers held in the National Library of Ireland, this article demonstrates how the conditions in which internees were held shaped ‘The Unacknowledged Legislator’s Dream’ in North (1975). Finally, it discusses the roles Nelson Mandela, and the prisoners of conscience campaigned for by Amnesty International, play in his work. This paper concludes that, although Heaney was resolute in not promoting violence, his attitudes towards those who perpetrated it, and were imprisoned for it, were complex and changing.
{"title":"Seamus Heaney’s Prisoners","authors":"Adam Hanna","doi":"10.3366/iur.2022.0542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/iur.2022.0542","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the role that prisoners play in the poems of Seamus Heaney. From the time of the introduction of internment in Northern Ireland in the early 1970s, Heaney’s poems frequently touch on prisoners, the conditions in which they are held, and how they might be conceptualized. This article discusses how these poems reflect contemporaneous political discourse regarding prisoners. It also shows how Heaney’s engagements with prisoners are refracted, characteristically, through his earliest memories, and through his knowledge of literature. In particular, Second World War POWs and Heaney’s knowledge of Russian authors, including Osip Mandelstam and Anton Chekhov, provide significant contexts for his engagements with Troubles-era prisoners. Drawing on materials from the Heaney Literary Papers held in the National Library of Ireland, this article demonstrates how the conditions in which internees were held shaped ‘The Unacknowledged Legislator’s Dream’ in North (1975). Finally, it discusses the roles Nelson Mandela, and the prisoners of conscience campaigned for by Amnesty International, play in his work. This paper concludes that, although Heaney was resolute in not promoting violence, his attitudes towards those who perpetrated it, and were imprisoned for it, were complex and changing.","PeriodicalId":43277,"journal":{"name":"IRISH UNIVERSITY REVIEW","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43669054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ireland’s HIV rate has increased substantially since 2014. ‘Common sense’ explanations for these rising rates in the media and elsewhere have attributed the growing problem to ‘lifestyle’ choices, emphasizing increased risk-taking, complacency and a lack of personal responsibility, particularly among young people and gay men. Rather than a lack of individual responsibility however, it is systemic and institutional deficits that have given rise to Ireland’s sexual health crisis. This article briefly explores how processes of symbolic and structural violence have worked in tandem to contribute to this situation. Analysis of these processes starts with an exploration of early media representations of AIDS and how these helped to shape present representations of HIV. Examples are provided of contemporary Irish print media coverage of HIV, showing how this tends to responsibilize those living with HIV for acquiring the virus. By way of a counter argument, the article shows how the capacity of people to take responsibility for their health is diminished by inequalities embedded in the structure of the health system.
{"title":"Constructing a Crisis: The Role of Symbolic and Structural Violence in Ireland’s HIV Epidemic","authors":"E. Vaughan","doi":"10.3366/iur.2022.0544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/iur.2022.0544","url":null,"abstract":"Ireland’s HIV rate has increased substantially since 2014. ‘Common sense’ explanations for these rising rates in the media and elsewhere have attributed the growing problem to ‘lifestyle’ choices, emphasizing increased risk-taking, complacency and a lack of personal responsibility, particularly among young people and gay men. Rather than a lack of individual responsibility however, it is systemic and institutional deficits that have given rise to Ireland’s sexual health crisis. This article briefly explores how processes of symbolic and structural violence have worked in tandem to contribute to this situation. Analysis of these processes starts with an exploration of early media representations of AIDS and how these helped to shape present representations of HIV. Examples are provided of contemporary Irish print media coverage of HIV, showing how this tends to responsibilize those living with HIV for acquiring the virus. By way of a counter argument, the article shows how the capacity of people to take responsibility for their health is diminished by inequalities embedded in the structure of the health system.","PeriodicalId":43277,"journal":{"name":"IRISH UNIVERSITY REVIEW","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42068914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joe Cleary, The Irish Expatriate Novel in Late Capitalist Globalization","authors":"Sinéad Moynihan","doi":"10.3366/iur.2022.0552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/iur.2022.0552","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43277,"journal":{"name":"IRISH UNIVERSITY REVIEW","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44035275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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