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STRUCTURAL AND STRATIGRAPHIC IMPLICATIONS OF OIL AND GAS DRILLING AND SEISMIC EXPLORATION DATA IN THE ALBUQUERQUE, BASIN OF THE RIO GRANDE RIFT, CENTRAL NEW MEXICO 新墨西哥州中部里奥格兰德裂谷盆地阿尔伯克基油气钻井和地震勘探资料的构造和地层意义
B. Black, W. Dirks
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引用次数: 0
STRUCTURAL AND STRATIGRAPHIC IMPLICATIONS OF OIL AND GAS DRILLING AND SEISMIC EXPLORATION IN THE SANTA FE EMBAYMENT OF THE ESPANOLA BASIN, NORTH CENTRAL NEW MEXICO 新墨西哥中北部埃斯帕诺拉盆地圣塔菲湾油气钻探和地震勘探的构造和地层意义
B. Black, W. Dirks
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引用次数: 0
AN UPPER CRETACEOUS (LOWER CAMPANIAN) FEATHER FROM THE POINT LOOKOUT SANDSTONE, NORTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO 新墨西哥西北部的一根上白垩纪(下坎帕尼亚纪)的羽毛
T. G. Williamson, B. Kues, G. Weissmann, T. Stidham, S. L. Yutchyk
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引用次数: 0
LATE QUATERNARY DEVELOPMENT OF THE PECOS RIVER FLOODPLAIN, BITTER LAKE QUADRANGLE, NEW MEXICO 新墨西哥州苦湖四合院佩科斯河漫滩的晚第四纪发育
D. Mccraw
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引用次数: 0
BURIED LANDSCAPES: PALEOTOPOGRAPHY OF THE CERRO TOLEDO INTERVAL, BANDELIER NATIONAL MONUMENT, JEMEZ MOUNTAINS VOLCANIC FIELD 埋藏景观:塞罗托莱多区间的古地形,班德利尔国家纪念碑,杰梅兹山脉火山场
E. P. Jacobs
Prior landscapes preserved between eruptive cycles of the Jemez volcanic field form subsurface pathways that influence the flow of contaminants and groundwater. Knowledge of how fluids move from the surface through perched zones to the aquifer is still developing. This study looks at the prior landscape “sealed” between two major ash flows (Otowi and Tshirege Members of the Bandelier Tuff at 1.6 and 1.2 Ma), within Bandelier National Monument (BNM). The ~380,000 year interval between the Bandelier eruptions, informally termed the Cerro Toledo interval, contains up to 120 m thick deposits that provide favorable settings for perched zones. Windows into this landscape are exposed in Frijoles and Alamo Canyons, two narrow, deeply incised canyons that lie within the northern section of BNM. Structure contour and isopach maps derived from field observations of exposed contacts in BNM are combined with existing geologic surface and drill-hole data for the southern part of Los Alamos National Laboratory to provide a glimpse of the topography that developed prior to eruption of the Tshirege Member. The non welded Otowi Member was easily eroded, resulting in a landscape characterized by rolling hills with gentle gradients. Episodic eruptions of plinian ash and erosion of the Sierra de los Valles, accompanied by possible seismic shaking during the collapse of a portion of Rabbit Mountain, resulted in pulses of sediment that periodically overwhelmed developing drainage systems. Regional base level was controlled by the ancestral Rio Grande, whose location shifted in response to silicic volcanism from the Jemez Mountains to the west, mafic flows from the Cerros del Rio volcanic field (~3.0-1.1 Ma) to the east, as well as probable seismic activity within the rift. The mafic flows created a resistant tableland which provided local knickpoints for streams draining the Otowi headlands, allowing broad washes to form adjacent to the master stream. In addition, continuing eruptive activity, occasional landslides, earthquakes, and undercutting of the ancestral Rio canyon
在Jemez火山场的喷发周期之间保存的先前景观形成了影响污染物和地下水流动的地下通道。关于流体如何从地表穿过栖息区进入含水层的知识仍在发展中。本研究着眼于班德利尔国家纪念碑(BNM)内两个主要火山灰流(班德利尔凝灰岩的Otowi和Tshirege成员在1.6和1.2 Ma)之间“密封”的先前景观。班德利尔火山爆发之间约38万年的间隔,非正式地称为塞罗托莱多间隔,包含高达120米厚的沉积物,为栖息带提供了有利的环境。在Frijoles峡谷和Alamo峡谷中可以看到这一景观,这两个狭窄的峡谷位于BNM的北部。构造等高线和等深线图来自BNM暴露接触的实地观测,结合洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室南部现有的地质表面和钻孔数据,提供了Tshirege成员喷发前形成的地形的一瞥。未焊接的Otowi成员很容易被侵蚀,从而形成了坡度平缓的连绵起伏的丘陵景观。普林尼火山灰的间歇性喷发和对塞拉德洛斯山谷的侵蚀,伴随着兔山部分崩塌期间可能发生的地震震动,导致沉积物脉冲周期性地淹没正在发展的排水系统。区域基准面受古里奥格兰德河控制,其位置随杰梅斯山脉向西的硅酸火山作用、塞罗斯德尔里奥火山场(~3.0-1.1 Ma)向东的基性流动以及裂谷内可能的地震活动而移动。水流形成了一个抵抗性的台地,为流经Otowi海岬的溪流提供了当地的断裂处,允许在主流附近形成广泛的冲刷。此外,持续的火山喷发活动,偶尔的山体滑坡,地震,以及对古老的里约峡谷的破坏
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引用次数: 0
A GEOLOGIC OUTLINE OF THE ALBUQUERQUE BASIN 阿尔伯克基盆地的地质轮廓
S. Connell
The Albuquerque Basin of the Rio Grande rift was the subject of intensive multiagency geologic and hydrogeologic study beginning in the 1990s. A focus of geologic study was on new mapping to better describe and understand the Santa Fe Group basin-fill aquifer system, which currently provides much of the region’s supply of water. Results of these geologic studies led to the creation of a refined stratigraphy that incorporated subsurface data and improved age control. This work illustrated how the structural geometry and geomorphic evolution of this basin influenced the spatial distribution of rock types and faults and explained why parts of this basin possess more productive water-supply wells than others. The Albuquerque Basin is segmented into smaller complexly faulted half-graben sub-basins by strain accommodation zones. Rifting began in late Oligocene time with the creation of segmented, internally drained sub-basins that were dominated by fluviolacustrine and eolian sediments. By late Miocene time, sandier fluvially dominated extrabasinal sediments associated with the ancestral Rio Grande reached the northern part of the basin and ended in playa lakes at the southern end. By early Pliocene time, this axial river flowed through the basin and into southern New Mexico. By Plio-Pleistocene time, the axial-river load had coarsened and migrated towards the present position of the Rio Grande valley, where it incised to form a continuous river valley. In the Albuquerque-Rio Rancho area, the western basin-margin is structurally high and potable groundwater is mostly derived from consolidated and calcite-cemented Miocene sediments. This structurally high western flank also provides shallower targets for petroleum development in the subjacent Mesozoic strata. The structurally lower eastern part of the basin under Albuquerque contains younger, coarser, and thicker Plio-Pleistocene strata that produce some of the largest yields and generally higher quality groundwater in the region. An unconformity locally aids in differentiating between the less productive Miocene and more productive Plio-Pleistocene deposits. As potable water sources become scarce, abundant brackish-water resources may become attractive production targets for desalination along the structurally higher
自20世纪90年代以来,里约热内卢大裂谷的Albuquerque盆地一直是多机构地质和水文地质研究的重点。地质研究的一个重点是绘制新的地图,以便更好地描述和理解圣达菲盆地蓄水层系统,该系统目前为该地区提供了大部分的水供应。这些地质研究的结果导致了一种精细的地层学的产生,该地层学结合了地下数据并改进了年龄控制。这项工作说明了该盆地的构造几何和地貌演化如何影响岩石类型和断层的空间分布,并解释了为什么该盆地的部分地区拥有比其他地区更多的生产性供水井。阿尔伯克基盆地被应变调节带分割成更小的复杂断陷半地堑次盆地。裂谷作用开始于晚渐新世,形成了以河流沉积和风成沉积为主的分段内排子盆地。中新世晚期,与古里约热内卢Grande相关联的砂质河流主导的盆外沉积物到达盆地北部,并在南端到达playa湖泊。上新世早期,这条轴向河流流经盆地,流入新墨西哥南部。在上新世-更新世时期,轴向河流荷载变粗,向现在的里约热内卢格兰德河谷位置迁移,在那里切割形成一个连续的河谷。在Albuquerque-Rio Rancho地区,西盆缘构造较高,可饮用地下水主要来自中新世胶结和方解石胶结沉积物。这种构造高的西翼也为下伏中生代地层的石油开发提供了较浅的目标。阿尔伯克基盆地下部的东部构造较低,包含较年轻、较粗和较厚的上新世-更新世地层,这些地层在该地区产生了一些最大的产量和通常较高质量的地下水。局部不整合有助于区分产量较低的中新世和产量较高的上新世-更新世矿床。随着饮用水资源的日益稀缺,丰富的微咸水资源可能成为沿结构较高的海水淡化的有吸引力的生产目标
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引用次数: 0
THE BIOGENENICITY OF DESERT VARNISH AND CAVE FERROMANGANESE DEPOSITS 沙漠清漆和溶洞锰铁矿床的生物源性
A. Dichosa, M. Spilde
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引用次数: 0
PRELIMINARY PETROLOGIC ANALSIS OF PROTEROZOIC HERMIT’S PEAK BATHOLITH ORTHOGNEISSES, NORTH-CENTRAL NEW MEXICO 新墨西哥中北部元古代隐士峰岩基正性的初步岩石学分析
J. Lindline, Roberto Trevizo
We report preliminary petrologic results on mafic and felsic orthogneisses of the Hermit’s Peak batholith, a Proterozoic plutonic-metamorphic complex in the southern Sangre de Cristo Mountains northwest of Las Vegas, New Mexico. We studied rocks that outcrop along County Road 65 in the Gallinas Canyon, which dissects a portion of the batholith. Major rock types include quartzofeldspathic gneisses and laminated amphibolites. The felsic gneisses contain microcline + albite + quartz ± biotite in a medium- to coarse-grained anhedral granular texture. Muscovite is rare and often secondary in origin. The felsic gneisses commonly display quartz ribbons and microcline porphyroclasts and are interpreted as metagranites. They have Rb- (Y+Nb) and Nb-Y variations indicative of volcanic-arc-granites. The mafic gneisses contain hornblende + plagioclase + quartz + titanite ± epidote and display a fine to medium-grained subhedral granular to idioblastic texture. They show igneous differentiation trends on Niggli variation diagrams and are interpreted as metabasalts. They plot as island arc tholeiites and ocean island arc basalts on tectonic discriminant diagrams. The granite gneisses and amphibolite gneisses are interpreted as part of an arc system that was accreted to North America during the assembly history of the continental lithosphere. The bimodal nature of igneous activity suggests a magmatic rift may have been operative during their formation. We continue to analyze our data to see if differentiation of the proposed rift setting (juvenile or continental) is possible and test whether our data are consistent with an arc accretion model or if an expanded model including crustal extension is required.
本文报道了新墨西哥州拉斯维加斯西北部Sangre de Cristo山脉南部的一个元古代深部变质杂岩——隐士峰岩基的基性和长英质正异性的初步岩石学结果。我们研究了加利纳斯峡谷65号县道沿线露出地面的岩石,它解剖了一部分岩基。主要岩石类型包括石英片麻岩和层状角闪岩。长英质片麻岩由微斜长石+钠长石+石英±黑云母组成,呈中~粗粒状倒面体结构。莫斯科云母是罕见的,通常是继发的。长英质片麻岩通常显示石英带和微斜长斑岩,可解释为变长花岗岩。Rb- (Y+Nb)和Nb-Y变化具有火山弧花岗岩特征。镁质片麻岩由角闪石+斜长石+石英+钛矿±绿帘石组成,呈细粒至中粒的半面体粒状至异母粒结构。在尼格里变化图上显示火成岩分异趋势,可解释为变质玄武岩。它们在构造判别图上绘出岛弧拉斑岩和洋岛弧玄武岩。花岗岩片麻岩和角闪岩片麻岩被解释为在大陆岩石圈组合历史中被吸积到北美的弧形体系的一部分。火成岩活动的双峰性质表明岩浆裂谷可能在其形成过程中起作用。我们继续分析我们的数据,看看是否有可能区分所提出的裂谷环境(幼年或大陆),并测试我们的数据是否与弧吸积模型一致,或者是否需要包括地壳伸展在内的扩展模型。
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引用次数: 0
PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF GROWTH AND AGE STRUCTURE OF BUETTNERIA (AMPHIBIA: METOPOSAURIDAE) ASSEMBLAGES FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC OF WEST TEXAS AND NEW MEXICO 德克萨斯州西部和新墨西哥州上三叠统水尾虫(两栖纲:尾尾虫科)的生长和年龄结构的初步分析
L. Rinehart, S. Lucas, A. Heckert, A. Hunt
Two mass death assemblages of the Upper Triassic temnospondyl amphibian Buettneria perfecta Case, the “Lamy bonebed” from the Garita Creek Formation in central New Mexico, and “Rotten Hill” from the Tecovas Formation of West Texas, yield tens to hundreds of individuals. We used a statistical approach to resolve size classes (= age groups) in clavicles and interclavicles from which we generated a growth curve and age distribution for Buettneria . Comparison of these data to extant salamander outgroups (e.g., Andrias, Cryptobranchus, Chioglossa , others) and other amphibians showed that growth was indeterminate and that only sexually mature (marked by size, slow linear growth, and age distribution shape) adults were present in the fossil assemblages. They lived, on average, 10 or 11 years past sexual maturity. Linear size (measured by skull and femur length) increased by a factor of ~1.9 between sexual maturity and death, similar to the outgroups. Juvenile Buettneria are recognizable at very small sizes elsewhere in the Chinle Group, but are not present in these assemblages and are very rare in the fossil record even though population dynamics dictates that they must greatly outnumber adults. Where were the juveniles? Analysis of the Rotten Hill population showed that the diameter of Buettneria’s limb bones grew in strong negative allometry; e.g., the allometric constant for femur length versus midshaft diameter = 0.78, where a constant of 1.5 is required to maintain
上三叠统temnospondyl两栖动物Buettneria perfecta Case的两个大规模死亡组合,新墨西哥州中部Garita Creek组的“Lamy bonebed”和西德克萨斯州Tecovas组的“Rotten Hill”,产生了数十到数百个个体。我们使用统计方法来解决锁骨和锁骨间的大小类别(=年龄组),从中我们生成了Buettneria的生长曲线和年龄分布。将这些数据与现存的蝾螈外群(如蝾螈、隐枝螈、Chioglossa等)和其他两栖动物进行比较,发现它们的生长是不确定的,化石组合中只有性成熟的成虫(以大小、缓慢的线性生长和年龄分布形状为特征)。他们平均比性成熟多活10到11年。线性尺寸(以颅骨和股骨长度测量)在性成熟和死亡之间增加了约1.9倍,与外组相似。在Chinle群的其他地方也可以辨认出非常小的Buettneria幼虫,但在这些组合中没有出现,而且在化石记录中非常罕见,尽管种群动态表明它们的数量一定大大超过成虫。幼崽在哪里?对腐山居群的分析表明,毛茛的肢骨直径呈较强的负异速生长;例如,股骨长度与中轴直径的异速常数= 0.78,其中需要保持1.5的常数
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引用次数: 4
STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF THE EASTERN ESPAÑOLA BASIN, RIO GRANDE RIFT, NORTH-CENTRAL NEW MEXICO 新墨西哥中北部里奥格兰德裂谷espaÑola盆地东部构造演化
D. Koning, S. Connell, J. Slate, E. Wan, J. Ferguson, V. Grauch, G. Woldegabriel, L. Peters, W. Mcintosh, N. Dunbar, D. Broxton, W. S. Baldridge
1N.M. Bureau of Geology, N.M. Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801; dkoning@nmt.edu 2 New Mexico Bureau of Geology, 2808 Central Ave. SE Albuquerque, NM 87106 3 U.S. Geological Survey, P.O. Box 25046, Federal Center, M.S. 913, Lakewood, CO 80225 4 U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, MS 975, Menlo Park, CA 94025 5 Program in Geosciences, University of Texas at Dallas, P.O. Box 30688, Richardson, TX 75083-0688 6 U. S. Geological Survey, Box 25046, Federal Center, MS 964, Denver, CO 80225-0046 7 Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545
1新墨西哥州。地质调查局,新墨西哥州理工学院,801 Leroy Place,索科罗,新墨西哥州87801;dkoning@nmt.edu 2新墨西哥州局地质、阿尔伯克基中央大街2808 NM 87106 3美国地质调查局,邮政信箱25046,联邦中心,913年硕士,莱克伍德,美国地质调查局80225年4,Middlefield路345号,975年,女士门洛帕克,CA 94025 5项目地质,德克萨斯大学达拉斯,邮政信箱30688,理查森,TX 75083 - 0688 6美国地质调查局,盒子25046年联邦中心,女士964年丹佛,有限公司80225 - 0046 7地球与环境科学部门,邮政信箱1663,洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室,洛斯阿拉莫斯,NM, 87545
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引用次数: 0
期刊
New Mexico Geological Society, 2008 Annual Spring Meeting, Proceedings Volume
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