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Newest Updates in Physical Science Research Vol. 11最新文献

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Distribution Difference of Ag and Cu Ions in the Superionic Conductive Phase of AgBr-CuBr System: An Approach towards Molecular Dynamics Simulation Ag和Cu离子在agbr - cur超导电相中的分布差异:一种分子动力学模拟方法
Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/nupsr/v11/10486d
S. Matsunaga
The structural features of the superionic phase for (AgxCux-1)Br of x<0.5, which contains two kinds of moveable cations, Ag+ and Cu+, were investigated using molecular dynamics modelling.In the superionic phase, the distribution of Ag+ and Cu+ ions differs.The distribution of cations and their pair distribution functions show concentration dependency as well.
采用分子动力学模型研究了(AgxCux-1)Br (x<0.5)中含有Ag+和Cu+两种可移动阳离子的超离子相的结构特征。在超离子相中,Ag+和Cu+离子的分布不同。阳离子的分布及其对分布函数也表现出浓度依赖性。
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引用次数: 0
Study on Possible Existence of Superluminal Photons inside Microtubules and the Resulting Explanation for Brain Mechanism 微管内超光速光子可能存在的研究及其对脑机制的解释
Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/nupsr/v11/3277f
T. Musha
D.Georgiev presented an idea that consciousness could be the result of quantum computation via short laser-like pulses controlling quantum gates within the brain cortex. However, he later rejected this theory because the wavelength of super radiant photon emission in the infrared spectrum is two orders of magnitude longer than the size of any microtubule cavity. But recent theoretical studies suggested the possibility that the human brain functions by using photons generated inside brain's microtubules, behaving as quantum waveguides or resonant cavities for these photons, which shows how to use them to manipulate quantum bits in microtubules. To revive this idea of quantum computation within the brain, the author proposes that the substance within a microtubule cylinder has characteristics of a metamaterial composed of sub-wavelength structures. From this hypothesis, we can show that microtubule could be used for manipulation of qubits to achieve quantum computation by utilizing superluminal photons, which also permit the microtubule to manipulate the storage and retrieval of stored data in the brain. From which, we can also provide a mechanism for general anesthetic action which brings about a loss of consciousness.
乔治耶夫提出了一种观点,认为意识可能是量子计算的结果,通过类似激光的短脉冲控制大脑皮层内的量子门。然而,他后来拒绝了这一理论,因为红外光谱中超辐射光子发射的波长比任何微管腔的尺寸长两个数量级。但最近的理论研究表明,人类大脑的功能可能是利用大脑微管内部产生的光子,充当这些光子的量子波导或共振腔,这表明如何利用它们来操纵微管中的量子比特。为了恢复大脑内量子计算的想法,作者提出微管圆柱体内的物质具有由亚波长结构组成的超材料的特征。根据这一假设,我们可以证明微管可以用于操纵量子比特,通过利用超光速光子实现量子计算,这也允许微管操纵大脑中存储数据的存储和检索。由此,我们也可以提供一种全身麻醉作用的机制,它会导致意识丧失。
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引用次数: 0
Study on Breakthrough Space Obstacle 突破空间障碍的研究
Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/nupsr/v11/3192f
Bi Qiao, Song Kongzhi, Z. Sheng
In this work, we try to propose a soliton processing mechanism to explain the phenomena of the Breakthrough Space Obstacles (BSO) based on the concrete experimental dates and figures taken from the somatic science. Through analysis and studying, we find that the sort of bio-electromagnetic wave field (BEF) is an origin of BSO. This BEF satisfies a nonlinear quantum Maxwell equation which is proportional to the change of particle density of object. Moreover, BEF has very broad of spectrum range from 100MHz to 1GHz and possesses high amplitude of the electromagnetic response, and also has width of frequency as well strong strength. It is this BEF allowing object to transform as a big soliton to have BSO probability by the nonlinear quantum interaction.
在本文中,我们试图基于体细胞科学的具体实验数据和数据,提出一种解释突破空间障碍现象的孤子处理机制。通过分析和研究,我们发现生物电磁波场(BEF)的种类是BSO的起源。该BEF满足与物体粒子密度变化成正比的非线性量子麦克斯韦方程。此外,BEF的频谱范围很宽,从100MHz到1GHz,具有很高的电磁响应幅度,频率宽度和强度也很强。正是这种BEF使得物体通过非线性量子相互作用转化为一个大孤子,从而具有BSO概率。
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引用次数: 0
Studies on QMEPC Discovery of Light's Medium Explains Why Gravity Is Larger and Weaker QMEPC发现光介质的研究解释了为什么引力更大更弱
Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/nupsr/v11/2769f
Odin Von Aesir
The MEPC – The Magnetic Electron Plasma Cloud – is plasma solely composed of electrons that is the source and recipient of electrons that exist outside of the atom. The outer cloud electrons of the MEPC are exerting equal negative pressure on the electrons that get into the designated shell spaces. This external negative pressure also provides a containment pressure that simultaneously holds these electrons in their designated core shell places. The ramifications of this are nothing short of phenomenal, because it not only explains where electrons come from and how they are available for distribution around the atomic nucleus, but it also explains:   What occupies the space in between the atoms? The existence of a hierarchy of forces surrounding the atomic core, Why gravity is larger and weaker than the other known forces, What the medium of light is, Why light is both a particle and a wave, and What dark matter and dark energy are?
MEPC——磁性电子等离子云——是一种完全由电子组成的等离子体,它是存在于原子外部的电子的源和受体。MEPC的外层云电子对进入指定壳层空间的电子施加相等的负压。这种外部负压也提供了一个遏制压力,同时将这些电子保持在它们指定的核壳层位置。这一发现的结果是惊人的,因为它不仅解释了电子从何而来以及它们如何在原子核周围分布,而且还解释了:是什么占据了原子之间的空间?围绕原子核心的力量层次的存在,为什么引力比其他已知的力量更大更弱,光的媒介是什么,为什么光既是粒子又是波,什么是暗物质和暗能量?
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引用次数: 0
Study of Ultra-wideband Antenna with Multi-notch Band Loaded with a Multimode Electric Ring Resonator and a Complementary Resonance Structure 加载多模电环谐振器和互补谐振结构的多缺口超宽带天线研究
Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/nupsr/v11/10183d
I. Vendik, A. Rusakov, K. Kanjanasit
A multi-notch ultra-wideband (UWB) planar antenna designed as a circular metallic patch fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) is of high interest. The antenna provides a stable radiation pattern and impedance bandwidth of the wideband response in the frequency range 2.5 - 12 GHz. To achieve the band-notched characteristics of the planar UWB antenna, the multi-mode electric ring resonator (ERR) is used. The ERR is placed beneath the CPW structure of the antenna. Each of the notched frequency band is tuned by proper changing the dimensions of the ERR structure. The UWB antenna exhibits multi-notch characteristics in the 2.5–12 GHz frequency band at 3.5, 5.8, and 7.5 GHz. Reconfigurability of the notched band is provided by using variable capacitors instead of ERR quasi-lumped capacitances. As an alternative approach a circular metallic patch antenna fed by a microstrip transmission line may be used. In this case, the notch is provided by a complementary inductance-capacitance (C-ELC) resonator in the ground plane of the microstrip line. The notch frequency depends on the dimensions of the C-ELC resonator.
多缺口超宽带(UWB)平面天线是一种由共面波导(CPW)馈电的圆形金属贴片设计的天线。该天线在2.5 - 12ghz频率范围内提供稳定的辐射方向图和宽带响应的阻抗带宽。为了实现平面超宽带天线的带陷波特性,采用了多模电环谐振器(ERR)。ERR位于天线的CPW结构下方。通过适当改变ERR结构的尺寸来调谐每个陷波频带。UWB天线在3.5、5.8和7.5 GHz频段表现出2.5 - 12ghz的多陷波特性。通过使用可变电容代替ERR准集总电容,提供了陷波带的可重构性。作为一种替代方法,可以使用由微带传输线馈电的圆形金属贴片天线。在这种情况下,陷波由微带线的地平面上的互补电感-电容(C-ELC)谐振器提供。陷波频率取决于C-ELC谐振器的尺寸。
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引用次数: 0
A Novel Approach to Duality of Electron 研究电子二象性的新方法
Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/nupsr/v11/3123f
Sultan Muhammad, M. Omama
I decipher the quantum duality of the electron in Young’s Double-Slit Experiment. Hypothesis intends to decode the interaction of knocked-electrons with the observer and perturbative disappearance of the interference pattern. Hypothesis is based on Bohr’s Atomic Model, and the theoretical concepts of Quantization of electron. The hypothesis proposes a universal field, similar to Higg’s field, that conserves the potential energy of electrons through interaction with knocked-electrons, utilizing phenomena of pair-production. The hypothesis provides comprehensive theoretical and mathematical solutions to possibly elaborate, in a broader context, why electrons exhibit duality and the role of the observer in Young’s Double-Slit experiment through the introduction of universal field (SM-Field). The interactions between photons and knocked-electrons have been discussed. Through using the Schrodinger wave equation (SWE), a mathematical model has been derived, that is used to explain the role of the observer, and duality of the electron by using SM-field as a supplement. The prime objective of the proposed hypothesis is to understand the dual nature of the electron by presenting a mathematical and theoretical modal not just to decode the duality of the electron but also to decode the role of the observer when measuring the position of electrons
我在杨氏双缝实验中破译了电子的量子二象性。假设旨在解码被撞电子与观察者的相互作用以及干涉图样的扰动消失。假设是基于玻尔的原子模型和电子量子化的理论概念。该假说提出了一个类似于希格场的通用场,利用对产生现象,通过与被撞电子的相互作用来保存电子的势能。该假设提供了全面的理论和数学解决方案,在更广泛的背景下,通过引入通用场(SM-Field),解释了为什么电子在杨氏双缝实验中表现出对偶性和观察者的作用。讨论了光子与碰撞电子之间的相互作用。利用薛定谔波动方程(SWE),推导了一个数学模型,用来解释观察者的作用,并利用sm场作为补充来解释电子的对偶性。所提出的假设的主要目标是通过提出一个数学和理论的模态来理解电子的对偶性质,不仅要解码电子的对偶性,而且要解码测量电子位置时观察者的角色
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引用次数: 0
Study on the Entropy Production of a Nonequilibrium Open System 非平衡开放系统熵产生的研究
Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/nupsr/v11/2765f
Ming B. Yu
The objective of the paper is to study a nonequilibrium open system, especially its entropy production, in the framework of time-dependent projection operator. The environment of the open system may linearly deviate from its initial state under the reaction from the open system. The relevant statistical operator of the system is set as a generalized canonical one. The transport equation, entropy production and the second kind of fluctuation-dissipation theorem of the open system are derived. The memory function, influence function in the transport equation as well as the entropy production rate are expressed in terms of correlation functions of fluctuations of random force and interaction random force of the open system.
本文的目的是在时变投影算子的框架下研究非平衡开放系统,特别是其熵的产生。在与开系反应下,开系的环境可能线性偏离其初始状态。系统的相关统计算子被设定为广义正则算子。导出了开放系统的输运方程、熵产生和第二类涨落耗散定理。将输运方程中的记忆函数、影响函数以及熵产率用开放系统随机力涨落与相互作用随机力的相关函数表示。
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引用次数: 0
Study on Black Hole Information Paradox from the Viewpoint of the Discrete Time Hypothesis 从离散时间假设的角度研究黑洞信息悖论
Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/nupsr/v11/3224f
Alexander M. Zaslavsky
Based on the discrete time hypothesis, the phenomenon of phase substitution of the wave function of a particle falling in a black hole is considered. The results speak for possibility of certain exotic forms of the wave function evolution, providing among other things, return of information when the particle is falling down to a static black hole. When substitution the phase of the wave function in the vicinity of the event horizon, information may return due to the local reversal of particle time. Based on the analysis of the flow of information returned, using the holographic principle, an estimate of the quantum of the particle’s proper time is obtained.
基于离散时间假设,考虑了粒子落入黑洞时波函数的相位替换现象。这些结果说明了波函数演化的某些奇特形式的可能性,其中包括粒子落向静态黑洞时的信息返回。当在视界附近替换波函数的相位时,由于粒子时间的局部反转,信息可能会返回。在分析返回信息流的基础上,利用全息原理对粒子固有时的量子量进行了估计。
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引用次数: 0
A Brief Study on Liquid Water to Retain Information 浅谈液态水的信息保留作用
Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/nupsr/v11/10206d
A. Hankey
The possibility of information storage in chemically pure water is controversial. Storage of digital information is impossible because hydrogen bonds constantly rearrange themselves; specific protons are not stably coupled to specific oxygen atoms. If information is to be stored, its retention must be by other means. Nevertheless, some scientists have contended that information retention in water is not inconceivable, suggesting that water’s microstructure may be involved. This paper highlights how these make it possible for water to retain information of a kind different from any previously conceived. Two kinds of entropy can be defined in water, classical due to heat, and quantum attributable to microstates. The method adopted is to compare the two, and to show that the first produces limitations on the second. The number of polymolecules is so vast that the quantum entropy might exceed the heat entropy. Since the classical, heat entropy cannot be exceeded, the number of polymolecules accessible at a given temperature, T, is restricted, yielding a new form of information, IR(T). The new form of information is entirely different from the four kinds previously known: Fisher Information in Statistics, Digital Information used in IT, Quantum Information, and Experience Information in biological systems at criticality. The new kind of information retained in water is analogous to Fisher Information in that it arises from restriction on the range of a variable, i.e. attributable to limitations on a statistical variable’s values. We therefore propose to name it, ‘Quantum Fisher Information’. Like the process of homoeopathic dilution, which has a limiting temperature around 70O C, Quantum Fisher Information is predicted to have a Limiting Temperature, TL. This qualitative agreement is encouraging. Prediction of TL requires calculating exact numbers of polymolecules. Information retention in water arises from the structure of quantum entropy, and the vast number of possible water polymolecules. Containing both classical and quantum components, the new information is analogous to Fisher Information in statistics.
在化学纯净水中储存信息的可能性是有争议的。存储数字信息是不可能的,因为氢键会不断地重新排列;特定的质子不能稳定地与特定的氧原子耦合。如果要存储信息,则必须通过其他方式保存信息。然而,一些科学家认为,信息在水中的保存并非不可想象,这可能与水的微观结构有关。这篇论文强调了这些因素是如何使水能够保留一种不同于以往设想的信息的。在水中可以定义两种熵,一种是由热引起的经典熵,另一种是由微观状态引起的量子熵。所采用的方法是比较两者,并表明前者对后者产生限制。多分子的数量是如此之大,以至于量子熵可能超过热熵。由于经典的热熵不能被超越,在给定温度T下可获得的多分子数量受到限制,从而产生了一种新的信息形式IR(T)。新形式的信息与之前已知的四种信息完全不同:统计学中的Fisher信息,IT中使用的数字信息,量子信息和临界生物系统中的经验信息。保留在水中的新型信息类似于费雪信息,因为它产生于对变量范围的限制,即可归因于统计变量值的限制。因此,我们建议将其命名为“量子费雪信息”。就像顺势稀释的过程一样,其极限温度在70℃左右,量子费雪信息被预测有一个极限温度TL。这一定性一致是令人鼓舞的。预测TL需要计算多分子的精确数目。水的信息保留源于量子熵的结构和大量可能的水多分子。新信息包含经典和量子成分,类似于统计学中的费雪信息。
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引用次数: 0
Study of Quantization of Space-Time Explains Matter and Its Aspects 时空的量子化研究解释了物质及其各个方面
Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/nupsr/v11/3129f
George Gerhab
By quantizing space-time in such a way that I can calculate all of the constants of physics and derive and explain every equation therein.The magnetic field appears when the electric field seems to travel faster than c. The same way an “anti-gravity” perpendicular field appears, totally depended on relative velocities, since the electric and gravitational forces are made of the micro field lines and are different aspects of the same force [1].The “gravitational” perpendicular force can be repellant, when masses travel in the same direction, (massive distant galaxies repel enlarging the universe, new current mass just being released) and it can be attractive (opposite spiral arms moving in opposite directions, combined with a super-massive black hole).The recent detection of gravity waves, is clear evidence for all of this since these waves need a perpendicular field, like electro-magnetic waves.The magnetic style of the perpendicular field, at extremely high can cause matter and dark to interact
通过将时空量子化这样我就可以计算出所有的物理常数推导并解释其中的每一个方程。当电场的传播速度似乎比c快时,磁场就会出现。同样,“反重力”垂直场也会出现,完全取决于相对速度,因为电场和引力是由微场线组成的,是同一力的不同方面[1]。当质量向同一方向运动时,“引力”垂直力可能是排斥的(大质量的遥远星系排斥扩大宇宙,新的当前质量刚刚释放),它可能是吸引的(相反的螺旋臂向相反的方向运动,结合一个超大质量的黑洞)。最近探测到的引力波是所有这些的明确证据,因为这些波需要一个垂直的场,就像电磁波一样。垂直磁场的磁性,在极高的情况下会导致物质和暗物质相互作用
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Newest Updates in Physical Science Research Vol. 11
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