Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1163/22134522-90000049
E. Zanini
The application of research methodologies and strategies derived from western urban archaeology to Early Byzantine contexts renders traditionally obscure social groups, like the productive and commercial “middle class”, visible in the archaeological record. Working from both a re-examination of written sources and an assessment of new archaeological data, it seems possible to trace the evolution of the social and economic role of artisans and shopkeepers in the Early Byzantine city between the 5th and 7th centuries. At the same time, the investigation of such undetermined social groups calls for a reflection about the limits of archaeological knowledge and the need for closer interaction between different disciplines and research perspectives.
{"title":"Artisans and Traders in the Early Byzantine City: Exploring the Limits of Archaeological Evidence","authors":"E. Zanini","doi":"10.1163/22134522-90000049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22134522-90000049","url":null,"abstract":"The application of research methodologies and strategies derived from western urban archaeology to Early Byzantine contexts renders traditionally obscure social groups, like the productive and commercial “middle class”, visible in the archaeological record. Working from both a re-examination of written sources and an assessment of new archaeological data, it seems possible to trace the evolution of the social and economic role of artisans and shopkeepers in the Early Byzantine city between the 5th and 7th centuries. At the same time, the investigation of such undetermined social groups calls for a reflection about the limits of archaeological knowledge and the need for closer interaction between different disciplines and research perspectives.","PeriodicalId":436574,"journal":{"name":"Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity - Volume 3.1","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114990591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1163/22134522-90000042
Emanuel Mayer
From the tetrarchy onwards, the arches and columns erected in praise of emperors show a distinct change in the ways in which victory in civil war was commemorated or justified. The attitudes towards civil war demonstrated on these monuments also changed according to their location and the attitudes and social mores of those who erected them. From the time of Augustus onwards, in both panegyrical texts and public monuments, victory in civil war had been presented in terms of the defeat of non-Roman combatants. However, by the 4th c., despite protest from the conservative aristocracy, it was possible to commemorate defeat of fellow Romans. This paper suggests that this development reflects both a change in imperial image and in the sociopolitical context of these monuments, whereby the need to establish the legitimacy of imperial rule overrode the traditional concerns of conservative sections of the public.
{"title":"Civil War and Public Dissent: the State Monuments of the Decentralised Roman Empire","authors":"Emanuel Mayer","doi":"10.1163/22134522-90000042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22134522-90000042","url":null,"abstract":"From the tetrarchy onwards, the arches and columns erected in praise of emperors show a distinct change in the ways in which victory in civil war was commemorated or justified. The attitudes towards civil war demonstrated on these monuments also changed according to their location and the attitudes and social mores of those who erected them. From the time of Augustus onwards, in both panegyrical texts and public monuments, victory in civil war had been presented in terms of the defeat of non-Roman combatants. However, by the 4th c., despite protest from the conservative aristocracy, it was possible to commemorate defeat of fellow Romans. This paper suggests that this development reflects both a change in imperial image and in the sociopolitical context of these monuments, whereby the need to establish the legitimacy of imperial rule overrode the traditional concerns of conservative sections of the public.","PeriodicalId":436574,"journal":{"name":"Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity - Volume 3.1","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116037221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047407607_011
{"title":"Fora and Agorai in Mediterranean Cities during the 4th and 5th c A D","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047407607_011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047407607_011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":436574,"journal":{"name":"Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity - Volume 3.1","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133117413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1163/22134522-90000043
C. Machado
Memory played a crucial role in the shaping of Late Roman political consciousness and identity. This is clear in the case of the city of Rome, where political, religious, and social transformations affected the way that the city’s inhabitants defined their relationship between themselves and with the imperial court. The area of the forum Romanum was intimately related to Rome’s history, and was therefore particularly appropriate for the construction of different ‘Roman memories’. The aim of this article is to discuss how the monuments built or restored in this area helped to define these memories and turn the past into a political argument.
{"title":"Building the Past: Monuments and Memory in the Forum Romanum","authors":"C. Machado","doi":"10.1163/22134522-90000043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22134522-90000043","url":null,"abstract":"Memory played a crucial role in the shaping of Late Roman political consciousness and identity. This is clear in the case of the city of Rome, where political, religious, and social transformations affected the way that the city’s inhabitants defined their relationship between themselves and with the imperial court. The area of the forum Romanum was intimately related to Rome’s history, and was therefore particularly appropriate for the construction of different ‘Roman memories’. The aim of this article is to discuss how the monuments built or restored in this area helped to define these memories and turn the past into a political argument.","PeriodicalId":436574,"journal":{"name":"Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity - Volume 3.1","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133242748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1163/22134522-90000055
A. Gutteridge
This study examines some aspects of social time in Late Antiquity, arguing that conceptions of time can be found in places other than the calendar, and that numerous different levels of time exist simultaneously, some of which can be investigated through texts and material culture. Late antique conceptions of renovatio, especially those expressed through numismatic legends, are examined, alongside evidence relating to the destruction and conversion of pagan temples during the period. This evidence is used to suggest that during this period time was conceptualised in a way that stressed its discontinuous, non-sequential, character. This is interpreted in the context of other recent studies of late antique culture which have argued that the period witnessed a characteristic fragmentation of larger structures into smaller discontinuous elements, subsequently made available for non-linear reassembly.
{"title":"Some Aspects of Social and Cultural Time in Late Antiquity","authors":"A. Gutteridge","doi":"10.1163/22134522-90000055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22134522-90000055","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines some aspects of social time in Late Antiquity, arguing that conceptions of time can be found in places other than the calendar, and that numerous different levels of time exist simultaneously, some of which can be investigated through texts and material culture. Late antique conceptions of renovatio, especially those expressed through numismatic legends, are examined, alongside evidence relating to the destruction and conversion of pagan temples during the period. This evidence is used to suggest that during this period time was conceptualised in a way that stressed its discontinuous, non-sequential, character. This is interpreted in the context of other recent studies of late antique culture which have argued that the period witnessed a characteristic fragmentation of larger structures into smaller discontinuous elements, subsequently made available for non-linear reassembly.","PeriodicalId":436574,"journal":{"name":"Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity - Volume 3.1","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116280220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1163/22134522-90000045
G. Brogiolo
In the town of Brescia, Roman buildings and the urban infrastructure remained relatively intact until the 6th c. However, during the 6th and 7th c., the town underwent a series of transformations. Focusing on the eastern part of the city, this paper examines the transformations that occurred within monumental public buildings and domestic buildings, the appearance of artisanal activities in the urban area, and of burials in zones of residential occupation. It is argued that these developments did not result from changes in attitudes and values among the population but rather were controlled and instigated by a central authority based in the episcopal and later ducal complex on the western side of the city.
{"title":"The Control of Public Space and the Transformation of an Early Medieval town: a Re-examination of the Case of Brescia","authors":"G. Brogiolo","doi":"10.1163/22134522-90000045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22134522-90000045","url":null,"abstract":"In the town of Brescia, Roman buildings and the urban infrastructure remained relatively intact until the 6th c. However, during the 6th and 7th c., the town underwent a series of transformations. Focusing on the eastern part of the city, this paper examines the transformations that occurred within monumental public buildings and domestic buildings, the appearance of artisanal activities in the urban area, and of burials in zones of residential occupation. It is argued that these developments did not result from changes in attitudes and values among the population but rather were controlled and instigated by a central authority based in the episcopal and later ducal complex on the western side of the city.","PeriodicalId":436574,"journal":{"name":"Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity - Volume 3.1","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115160625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047407607_004
{"title":"Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity: An Introduction","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047407607_004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047407607_004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":436574,"journal":{"name":"Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity - Volume 3.1","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126274392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1163/22134522-90000040
Ellen Swift
Following recent theoretical redefinitions of concepts such as ethnic identity, this paper explores the possibility of using archaeological evidence to investigate Roman identities in the 4th to 5th c. western frontier provinces. The difficulties of the evidence and the complexities of studying identity through material culture are discussed. Possible approaches to the archaeological material are illustrated through a case study of the Rhine-Danube frontier in the 4th and 5th c. The use of material culture to create military identities at death for Roman soldiers on the frontier line is discussed, together with an analysis of the relationship of this military culture to subsequent weapon burials, and the use, by Germanic societies, of elite Roman and Byzantine objects to create ruling, martial identities in the 5th c.
{"title":"Constructing Roman Identities in Late Antiquity? Material Culture on the Western Frontier","authors":"Ellen Swift","doi":"10.1163/22134522-90000040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22134522-90000040","url":null,"abstract":"Following recent theoretical redefinitions of concepts such as ethnic identity, this paper explores the possibility of using archaeological evidence to investigate Roman identities in the 4th to 5th c. western frontier provinces. The difficulties of the evidence and the complexities of studying identity through material culture are discussed. Possible approaches to the archaeological material are illustrated through a case study of the Rhine-Danube frontier in the 4th and 5th c. The use of material culture to create military identities at death for Roman soldiers on the frontier line is discussed, together with an analysis of the relationship of this military culture to subsequent weapon burials, and the use, by Germanic societies, of elite Roman and Byzantine objects to create ruling, martial identities in the 5th c.","PeriodicalId":436574,"journal":{"name":"Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity - Volume 3.1","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126038189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1163/22134522-90000047
K. Cooper, J. Hillner, C. Leyser
This paper represents a report on work in progress at the University of Manchester’s Centre for Late Antiquity. The goal of our research is to open a new chapter in research on late ancient and Early Medieval Rome, through the systematic collation and diffusion of relatively neglected sources, in particular the Roman gesta martyrum. They are not usually considered as a source for the social history of the city, because of their transparently tendentious character. Yet the gesta are our best witness to the ebullient of the Roman laity, on whose patronage the ecclesiastical hierarchy continued to depend. We hope to make the gesta more widely accessible, and to facilitate their cross-referencing with other kinds of source; our method is to combine the tools of traditional scholarship with contemporary digital technologies, the operation of which we briefly describe here.
{"title":"Dark Age Rome: Towards an Interactive Topography","authors":"K. Cooper, J. Hillner, C. Leyser","doi":"10.1163/22134522-90000047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22134522-90000047","url":null,"abstract":"This paper represents a report on work in progress at the University of Manchester’s Centre for Late Antiquity. The goal of our research is to open a new chapter in research on late ancient and Early Medieval Rome, through the systematic collation and diffusion of relatively neglected sources, in particular the Roman gesta martyrum. They are not usually considered as a source for the social history of the city, because of their transparently tendentious character. Yet the gesta are our best witness to the ebullient of the Roman laity, on whose patronage the ecclesiastical hierarchy continued to depend. We hope to make the gesta more widely accessible, and to facilitate their cross-referencing with other kinds of source; our method is to combine the tools of traditional scholarship with contemporary digital technologies, the operation of which we briefly describe here.","PeriodicalId":436574,"journal":{"name":"Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity - Volume 3.1","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115470133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1163/9789047407607_015
{"title":"A New Temple for Byzantium: Anicia Juliana, King Solomon and the gilded ceiling in the Church of St Polyeuktos in Constantinople","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789047407607_015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047407607_015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":436574,"journal":{"name":"Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity - Volume 3.1","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115476179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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