Pub Date : 2018-12-03DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2012.2.7
Paweł Więckowski
The text describes different philosophical concepts and historically important cultural phenomena that should be considered while rethinking ethical side of business. Broad range of both philosophical (such as the search for the foundations of morality, social contract) and social subjects (such as history of centralized state, individualism) is presented to help the reflections. The background for analysis is the history of culture, especially of primary collective society; contrasted with it is individualism of classical Athens with corresponding reaction of philosophers; development of state and Christianity in Roman Empire; organismic medieval state; Renaissance, reformation and the birth of capitalism; the Enlightenment breakthrough and English capitalism; liberalism and Darwinism of the 19th century; the catastrophe of European culture and success of America of the 20th century.
{"title":"Filozoficzno-historyczne zaplecze etyki biznesu","authors":"Paweł Więckowski","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2012.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2012.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The text describes different philosophical concepts and historically important cultural phenomena that should be considered while rethinking ethical side of business. Broad range of both philosophical (such as the search for the foundations of morality, social contract) and social subjects (such as history of centralized state, individualism) is presented to help the reflections. The background for analysis is the history of culture, especially of primary collective society; contrasted with it is individualism of classical Athens with corresponding reaction of philosophers; development of state and Christianity in Roman Empire; organismic medieval state; Renaissance, reformation and the birth of capitalism; the Enlightenment breakthrough and English capitalism; liberalism and Darwinism of the 19th century; the catastrophe of European culture and success of America of the 20th century.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133493251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.5
Marcin Humanicki, K. Olszewski
Poland has experienced a relatively large inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the last two decades. FDI has been flowing mainly into services and manufacturing similarly to the trend observed in global capital movement. Within the services, the financial intermediation played the biggest role in terms of attracting FDI, but real estate and related business activities (legal, accounting, auditing, tax, marketing, etc.) also saw a high inflow of foreign capital. The paper analyzes the evolution of inward FDI stock in Poland over the period 1998–2012 with a particular emphasis on real estate and related business activities. It also discusses how Poland differs in terms of sectoral decomposition in the services of inward FDI stock from other Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries representing both Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and advanced economies. Finally, the paper answers the question how Poland is performing relative to other OECD members in terms of FDI attractiveness.
{"title":"Foreign Direct Investment in Real Estate and Related Business Services:Poland vs OECD Countries","authors":"Marcin Humanicki, K. Olszewski","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Poland has experienced a relatively large inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the last two decades. FDI has been flowing mainly into services and manufacturing similarly to the trend observed in global capital movement. Within the services, the financial intermediation played the biggest role in terms of attracting FDI, but real estate and related business activities (legal, accounting, auditing, tax, marketing, etc.) also saw a high inflow of foreign capital. The paper analyzes the evolution of inward FDI stock in Poland over the period 1998–2012 with a particular emphasis on real estate and related business activities. It also discusses how Poland differs in terms of sectoral decomposition in the services of inward FDI stock from other Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries representing both Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and advanced economies. Finally, the paper answers the question how Poland is performing relative to other OECD members in terms of FDI attractiveness.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"308 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123488060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.4
Maria Czarnecka
The aim of the article was to present the issue of financial exclusion and define sensitive areas of this phenomenon. The factors that may be relevant for measuring the degree of financial exclusion were analysed. An attempt was also made to determine the difficulties in access to financial services in the context of practices applied by both the supply and demand sides. In addition, barriers to the use of services were analysed as were financial products in terms of practices used by supply and demand. The typology of financial exclusion presented in the article is an attempt to define the type and scope of the phenomenon. Bank exclusion, credit exclusion and exclusion from the savings system are financial exclusion indicators. Each of those types of exclusion affects the economic and social level. Financial exclusion, which is one of the symptoms of the imbalance between demand and supply, is understood here as total or partial access to financial services offered by the market. The article also attempts to analyse the causes of exclusion with the division into supply and demand factors. The typology of financial exclusion proposed in the article may be a contributing factor to the reverse phenomenon, which is financial inclusion.
{"title":"Wykluczenie finansowe i integracja finansowa – aspekty terminologiczne","authors":"Maria Czarnecka","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article was to present the issue of financial exclusion and define sensitive areas of this phenomenon. The factors that may be relevant for measuring the degree of financial exclusion were analysed. An attempt was also made to determine the difficulties in access to financial services in the context of practices applied by both the supply and demand sides. In addition, barriers to the use of services were analysed as were financial products in terms of practices used by supply and demand. The typology of financial exclusion presented in the article is an attempt to define the type and scope of the phenomenon. Bank exclusion, credit exclusion and exclusion from the savings system are financial exclusion indicators. Each of those types of exclusion affects the economic and social level. Financial exclusion, which is one of the symptoms of the imbalance between demand and supply, is understood here as total or partial access to financial services offered by the market. The article also attempts to analyse the causes of exclusion with the division into supply and demand factors. The typology of financial exclusion proposed in the article may be a contributing factor to the reverse phenomenon, which is financial inclusion.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131339795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.7
Justyna Łupińska
The main goal of this article is to present the possibility of internalization of negative externalities generated by banks with bank levy introduced in Poland in the beginning of 2016. The conducted survey considers Polish banks’ adaptive response to newly implemented tax (tax optimization) and co-effects of group response materialized on local interbank and sovereign debt markets. Empirical assessment of bank levy introduction and evaluation of its externalities internalization potential was based on statistical data gathered in 2015–2017.
{"title":"Skutki wprowadzenia podatku bankowego w Polsce w kontekście możliwości ograniczenia negatywnych efektów zewnętrznych generowanych przez krajowy sektor bankowy ","authors":"Justyna Łupińska","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of this article is to present the possibility of internalization of negative externalities generated by banks with bank levy introduced in Poland in the beginning of 2016. The conducted survey considers Polish banks’ adaptive response to newly implemented tax (tax optimization) and co-effects of group response materialized on local interbank and sovereign debt markets. Empirical assessment of bank levy introduction and evaluation of its externalities internalization potential was based on statistical data gathered in 2015–2017.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127668068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.1
A. Graczyk
The aim of the article is to assess the possibilities and ways to implement the idea of sustainable development in a market economy. Economic and social development encounters limitations due to weaknesses and market failures. The concept of sustainable development indicates mainly development goals. Their achievement, however, requires paying attention to the conditions and methods of operation of the entities. Sustainable development will take place under market economy conditions.From the point of view of the neoclassical economics, the basic direction of activities should be creating conditions for the market implementation of sustainable development goals. Institutional economics indicates the need to build a system of norms and values that are appropriate to the idea of sustainable development. Only their dissemination creates conditions for the creation of formal institutions which are the part of the market system. However, it is advisable to combine these methods.The implementation of sustainable development in the management of environmental resources and environmental protection requires increasing the scope of defining property rights and assigning them to specific entities. On this basis, one can create the market mechanisms and expand the scope of market instruments for an environmental protection. Such solutions are consistent with the logic of the market economy and will be understandable as well as acceptable to entities.
{"title":"Rozwój zrównoważony w gospodarce rynkowej","authors":"A. Graczyk","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to assess the possibilities and ways to implement the idea of sustainable development in a market economy. Economic and social development encounters limitations due to weaknesses and market failures. The concept of sustainable development indicates mainly development goals. Their achievement, however, requires paying attention to the conditions and methods of operation of the entities. Sustainable development will take place under market economy conditions.From the point of view of the neoclassical economics, the basic direction of activities should be creating conditions for the market implementation of sustainable development goals. Institutional economics indicates the need to build a system of norms and values that are appropriate to the idea of sustainable development. Only their dissemination creates conditions for the creation of formal institutions which are the part of the market system. However, it is advisable to combine these methods.The implementation of sustainable development in the management of environmental resources and environmental protection requires increasing the scope of defining property rights and assigning them to specific entities. On this basis, one can create the market mechanisms and expand the scope of market instruments for an environmental protection. Such solutions are consistent with the logic of the market economy and will be understandable as well as acceptable to entities.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134279325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.1
K. Żukrowska
The article discusses the problem of absence of symmetry between opening of the economy and opening of the society. Even though both discussed occurrences have their history, they are studied separately. In the article a hypothesis is put on existence of asymmetry between opening of the economy and opening of the society and this fact is seen as one of the obstacles which limits both studied and analysed processes. The attention in the article is turned to fact that there are measures which help to estimate the scale of opening of an economy, however there are no similar tools to measure openness of a society. This asymmetry limits our ability to understand the problem and to construct tools necessary to reduce it. The aim of the article is not to show actions or a plan for narrowing the existing gap between the two processes but pointing at the role of those two processes in shaping the effective policy in the two fields.
{"title":"Problem symetrii między otwartą gospodarką a otwartym społeczeństwem","authors":"K. Żukrowska","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the problem of absence of symmetry between opening of the economy and opening of the society. Even though both discussed occurrences have their history, they are studied separately. In the article a hypothesis is put on existence of asymmetry between opening of the economy and opening of the society and this fact is seen as one of the obstacles which limits both studied and analysed processes. The attention in the article is turned to fact that there are measures which help to estimate the scale of opening of an economy, however there are no similar tools to measure openness of a society. This asymmetry limits our ability to understand the problem and to construct tools necessary to reduce it. The aim of the article is not to show actions or a plan for narrowing the existing gap between the two processes but pointing at the role of those two processes in shaping the effective policy in the two fields.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125811081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.8
E. Lorek, A. Lorek, S. Słupik
Ecosystem services are an important framework for linking ecological infrastructure to urban social infrastructure, which can benefit people and ecosystems. Designing, planning and managing of complex urban systems for health and wellbeing requires urban ecosystems that are both immune to systemic changes and managed sustainably. Literature review reveals that so far only several researchers have focused on urban ecosystem services (UES). The paper aims at assessing the importance of ecosystem services at the local level with an emphasis on urbanized areas. The basic conditions and barriers to the implementation of the concept of ecosystem services in the EU policy and local development have also been identified. The paper also presents solutions concerning the creation of integrated systems of providing such services by local governments and their monitoring.
{"title":"Ocena roli usług ekosystemów miejskich w zrównoważonym rozwoju lokalnym","authors":"E. Lorek, A. Lorek, S. Słupik","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Ecosystem services are an important framework for linking ecological infrastructure to urban social infrastructure, which can benefit people and ecosystems. Designing, planning and managing of complex urban systems for health and wellbeing requires urban ecosystems that are both immune to systemic changes and managed sustainably. Literature review reveals that so far only several researchers have focused on urban ecosystem services (UES). The paper aims at assessing the importance of ecosystem services at the local level with an emphasis on urbanized areas. The basic conditions and barriers to the implementation of the concept of ecosystem services in the EU policy and local development have also been identified. The paper also presents solutions concerning the creation of integrated systems of providing such services by local governments and their monitoring.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117030645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.4
Krzysztof Jarosiński
The experience of systemic transformation in Poland and the progressing socio-economic development prove that the importance of organizational units classified conventionally as a part of the public sector has increased significantly. It turned out that during rapid economic and social changes, the development of technical and social infrastructure became one of the drivers of development. In the conditions of the market economy in Poland, two important areas related to the functioning of the public sector have come to the fore: quantification of objectives and tasks necessary for the proper functioning of the state and society and ensuring efficient sources of financing these tasks. In this paper the aim of the research was to analyse and assess the financial situation of municipal territorial self-government units in Poland in 2007–2015. The research results clearly indicate the existence of differences in the level of budget revenues between differentiated territorial self-government units in the years 2007–2015. In that time the budget revenues of communes increased and significant positive changes in the budgetary situation of municipal local government units took place, in almost all regions these incomes doubled. This increase was accompanied by persistence of disproportions between less developed regions and regions that were economically and socially developing faster. In the discussed period, we had to deal with the improvement of the income situation of the budgets of local government units, with the simultaneous increase in the differences in the level of income with all the consequences associated with this for future development.
{"title":"Zróżnicowanie przestrzenne dochodów własnych budżetów gmin w Polsce w latach 2007–2015","authors":"Krzysztof Jarosiński","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The experience of systemic transformation in Poland and the progressing socio-economic development prove that the importance of organizational units classified conventionally as a part of the public sector has increased significantly. It turned out that during rapid economic and social changes, the development of technical and social infrastructure became one of the drivers of development. In the conditions of the market economy in Poland, two important areas related to the functioning of the public sector have come to the fore: quantification of objectives and tasks necessary for the proper functioning of the state and society and ensuring efficient sources of financing these tasks. In this paper the aim of the research was to analyse and assess the financial situation of municipal territorial self-government units in Poland in 2007–2015. The research results clearly indicate the existence of differences in the level of budget revenues between differentiated territorial self-government units in the years 2007–2015. In that time the budget revenues of communes increased and significant positive changes in the budgetary situation of municipal local government units took place, in almost all regions these incomes doubled. This increase was accompanied by persistence of disproportions between less developed regions and regions that were economically and socially developing faster. In the discussed period, we had to deal with the improvement of the income situation of the budgets of local government units, with the simultaneous increase in the differences in the level of income with all the consequences associated with this for future development.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115258866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.3
Elżbieta Majchrowicz-Jopek
The text discusses the context and background for development of public-private partnership in the education sector. This development is based in the concept of New Public Management (New Governance) widespreaded in the policy and practice of governments since 1980 s. The article discuses an example of involvement of non-public actors in providing education: The Private Financial Initiative (PFI). PFI has become the predominant model for building and operating of new schools in the United Kingdom. The British experiences have been employed by other countries as the number and volume of educational investments conducted in the PPP formula is steadily growing. This process has been illustrated by the relevant European Investment Bank data. The text also features the Polish approach to contracting out public education services i.e. when local authorities entrusts the operation of public school to a private entity. This concept corresponds with the idea of community schools where local communities become authentic owners of the school itself and its assets.
{"title":"Partnerstwo publiczno-prywatne jako forma świadczenia usług publicznych z zakresu oświaty ","authors":"Elżbieta Majchrowicz-Jopek","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The text discusses the context and background for development of public-private partnership in the education sector. This development is based in the concept of New Public Management (New Governance) widespreaded in the policy and practice of governments since 1980 s. The article discuses an example of involvement of non-public actors in providing education: The Private Financial Initiative (PFI). PFI has become the predominant model for building and operating of new schools in the United Kingdom. The British experiences have been employed by other countries as the number and volume of educational investments conducted in the PPP formula is steadily growing. This process has been illustrated by the relevant European Investment Bank data. The text also features the Polish approach to contracting out public education services i.e. when local authorities entrusts the operation of public school to a private entity. This concept corresponds with the idea of community schools where local communities become authentic owners of the school itself and its assets.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"575 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124286119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.9
P. Mazur
The article discusses the measurement of market risk by Value at Risk method. Value at Risk measure is an important element of risk measurement mainly for financial institutions but can also be used by other companies. The Value at Risk is presented together with its alternative Conditional Value at Risk. The main methods of VaR estimation were divided into nonparametric, parametric and semi-parametric methods. The next part of the article presents a method of combining forecasts, which can be used in the context of forecasting Value at Risk.
{"title":"Pomiar ryzyka rynkowego miarą wartości zagrożonej. Metoda kombinowania prognoz ","authors":"P. Mazur","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the measurement of market risk by Value at Risk method. Value at Risk measure is an important element of risk measurement mainly for financial institutions but can also be used by other companies. The Value at Risk is presented together with its alternative Conditional Value at Risk. The main methods of VaR estimation were divided into nonparametric, parametric and semi-parametric methods. The next part of the article presents a method of combining forecasts, which can be used in the context of forecasting Value at Risk.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126790219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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