Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.3
Łukasz Janikowski
From the 1980s onwards, in developed countries (and not only) we observe an upward trend in the ratio of public debt to GDP. In many countries public debt has exceeded GDP, and in the world's most indebted country – Japan – has exceeded 250% of GDP and continues to grow rapidly. These figures raise concerns among economists and emerge questions about whether public finances in these countries are on a sustainable path. In order to answer these questions, the criteria for assessing the sustainability of public finances need to be specified. This problem was already investigated by classical economists, but the definition and the formal conditions for a balanced fiscal policy have been specified by economists almost two centuries later. The aim of this article is to present the evolution of theoretical research on the problem of sustainability of public finances
{"title":"Ewolucja badań nad zrównoważeniem finansów publicznych","authors":"Łukasz Janikowski","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"From the 1980s onwards, in developed countries (and not only) we observe an upward trend in the ratio of public debt to GDP. In many countries public debt has exceeded GDP, and in the world's most indebted country – Japan – has exceeded 250% of GDP and continues to grow rapidly. These figures raise concerns among economists and emerge questions about whether public finances in these countries are on a sustainable path. In order to answer these questions, the criteria for assessing the sustainability of public finances need to be specified. This problem was already investigated by classical economists, but the definition and the formal conditions for a balanced fiscal policy have been specified by economists almost two centuries later. The aim of this article is to present the evolution of theoretical research on the problem of sustainability of public finances","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131628063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.8
J. Grzywacz, Ewa Jagodzińska-Komar
The aim of the article is to define the prospects for the development of cooperation between the banking sector and FinTech in the context of the implementation of the PSD2 directive. First, attention was drawn to the changing role of banks that have already taken actions to use the opportunities related to the implementation of this EU regulation of the European payments market. It has been pointed out that the opening of the banking system will result in close cooperation with the FinTech sector, so-called API economics, and this will affect the emergence of new business models. Next, new solutions developed in the PSD2 Directive were presented, with reference to new regulatory technical standards between the banking sector and third parties. The last issue raised in the article concerns cooperation between banks and the FinTech sector. Financial institutions should use innovative solutions offered by fintechs and thanks to that they will increase operational efficiency and create products and services better suited to clients' needs. In the next years, it will be possible to observe how the financial services market will change and which entities will play a significant role in it.
{"title":"Rola banków i sektora FinTech w świetle implementacji dyrektywy PSD2 ","authors":"J. Grzywacz, Ewa Jagodzińska-Komar","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to define the prospects for the development of cooperation between the banking sector and FinTech in the context of the implementation of the PSD2 directive. First, attention was drawn to the changing role of banks that have already taken actions to use the opportunities related to the implementation of this EU regulation of the European payments market. It has been pointed out that the opening of the banking system will result in close cooperation with the FinTech sector, so-called API economics, and this will affect the emergence of new business models. Next, new solutions developed in the PSD2 Directive were presented, with reference to new regulatory technical standards between the banking sector and third parties. The last issue raised in the article concerns cooperation between banks and the FinTech sector. Financial institutions should use innovative solutions offered by fintechs and thanks to that they will increase operational efficiency and create products and services better suited to clients' needs. In the next years, it will be possible to observe how the financial services market will change and which entities will play a significant role in it.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"172 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114592984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.2
Majka Łojko
The social economy has been trying to recognize its partnering role by the public and business sectors over recent years. The results are visible in the increasing use of its instruments in policy implemented by both the government and the regional authorities. The essence of local partnership is one of the key issues inherent in the new paradigm of building social cohesion and is a tool for a new economic and social order. The task of local partnership, understood as a kind of relationship between public entities, business and non-governmental organizations based on the principles of dialogue, reciprocity and equivalence, is to combine knowledge, experience and initiatives of various people and institutions in solving social problems.
{"title":"Partnerstwo lokalne w ekonomii społecznej jako nowy paradygmat budowania spójności społecznej ","authors":"Majka Łojko","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The social economy has been trying to recognize its partnering role by the public and business sectors over recent years. The results are visible in the increasing use of its instruments in policy implemented by both the government and the regional authorities. The essence of local partnership is one of the key issues inherent in the new paradigm of building social cohesion and is a tool for a new economic and social order. The task of local partnership, understood as a kind of relationship between public entities, business and non-governmental organizations based on the principles of dialogue, reciprocity and equivalence, is to combine knowledge, experience and initiatives of various people and institutions in solving social problems.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130843485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.6
Jolanta Janek
The article presents broad historical context, including socio-economic factors, of the rise and periodic resurgence of the movement for Sicilian independence following the unification of Italy in the 1860s. Furthermore, the involvement of Cosa Nostra in the movement for Sicilian independence in the period beginning with the Allied invasion of Sicily during the Second World War is analysed.
{"title":"Społeczne i ekonomiczne przesłanki sycylijskiego separatyzmu od zjednoczenia Włoch do połowy XX wieku. Mafia a kwestia niepodległości Sycylii ","authors":"Jolanta Janek","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents broad historical context, including socio-economic factors, of the rise and periodic resurgence of the movement for Sicilian independence following the unification of Italy in the 1860s. Furthermore, the involvement of Cosa Nostra in the movement for Sicilian independence in the period beginning with the Allied invasion of Sicily during the Second World War is analysed.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124199614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.7
B. Kryk
The concept of green jobs began to spread with the development of the theory of green economy, which is conceptually linked to the idea of sustainable development. Its introduction requires structural changes, including the creation of green jobs. Green jobs (colloquially referred to as green-collar jobs) exist in various sections and sectors. Their creation is important from an economic, ecological and social point of view. Hence, the aim of this article is to evaluate the development of green jobs in Poland in the years 2010–2015 against the EU, with an emphasis on renewable energy. In the study the author used desk research and indicator analysis for changes in the number, structure and dynamics of green jobs to demonstrate progress in their creation and in meeting Poland’s commitments under the Europe 2020 strategy. Although the study has shown positive changes in green employment, they are insufficient.
{"title":"Kreowanie zielonych miejsc pracy w polskim sektorze energetyki odnawialnej","authors":"B. Kryk","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of green jobs began to spread with the development of the theory of green economy, which is conceptually linked to the idea of sustainable development. Its introduction requires structural changes, including the creation of green jobs. Green jobs (colloquially referred to as green-collar jobs) exist in various sections and sectors. Their creation is important from an economic, ecological and social point of view. Hence, the aim of this article is to evaluate the development of green jobs in Poland in the years 2010–2015 against the EU, with an emphasis on renewable energy. In the study the author used desk research and indicator analysis for changes in the number, structure and dynamics of green jobs to demonstrate progress in their creation and in meeting Poland’s commitments under the Europe 2020 strategy. Although the study has shown positive changes in green employment, they are insufficient.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125897966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.2
A. Alińska, Sylwia Frydrych, Ewa Klein
This article presents the concept of sustainable development that might be defined as a tool leading to not only a favorable economic growth, but also the elimination of disproportions within a society in the long run. In this context, the social and economic inclusion of all existing social groups, as well as maintaining safety in terms of environmental protection seem to be important. Such practices, known as an inclusive growth, are frequently practiced by public and private institutions. In this publication, the special focus is put on the importance of finance in the concept of sustainable development. The authors try to prove the hypothesis that it is the financial system (financial institutions, financial markets and avoidable regulations) that plays a main role in the realization of goals of sustainable development.
{"title":"Finanse w koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju","authors":"A. Alińska, Sylwia Frydrych, Ewa Klein","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the concept of sustainable development that might be defined as a tool leading to not only a favorable economic growth, but also the elimination of disproportions within a society in the long run. In this context, the social and economic inclusion of all existing social groups, as well as maintaining safety in terms of environmental protection seem to be important. Such practices, known as an inclusive growth, are frequently practiced by public and private institutions. In this publication, the special focus is put on the importance of finance in the concept of sustainable development. The authors try to prove the hypothesis that it is the financial system (financial institutions, financial markets and avoidable regulations) that plays a main role in the realization of goals of sustainable development. ","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126390814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.6
Beata Pawełczyk-Cnudde
This paper aims to show the importance of stress at work for the economy. Stress, which until recently was considered mainly in psychological or social terms, has a direct impact on human capital and labour, which are the basic factors of economic growth (as well as natural resources, technology, physical and financial capitals). The quality and quantity of human capital directly affects the growth of the economy. An increase in investment in human capital can improve the quality of the labour force, hence its productivity. On the other hand, factors that limit economic growth include: poor health and low level of education. People who do not have access to healthcare or education have lower levels of productivity. The economy, therefore, does not fulfil its potential productivity or growth. Stress negatively contributes to changes of these factors. It has become one of the main causes of disability and inability to work in recent years.The first part describes the overall situation in which stress has become an issue for companies and the economy. In the second part I present the different research findings that demonstrate how the meaning and importance of work, and workplace conditions, have evolved. I refer, as well, to quantitative findings proving that companies should invest in preventing stress at work as excessive stress affects performance and productivity. The third part briefly portrays the example of Belgium, where the problem of stress and its economic consequences have been quite thoroughly investigated. The costs of excessive stress were regarded as undue, and as a result, Belgium adopted a law protecting employees against stress and burnout at work. Under this law, employers are obliged to introduce specific internal rules and preventative measures. Based on the Belgian experience, I provide several arguments demonstrating that improving the workplace by mitigating stress levels is beneficial not only for a company itself but for the economy in general. It impacts positively human capital, employability, leads to improved productivity, and in the end, contributes to sustainable economic growth. At the end of the paper, in an annex, I present a case illustrating the problem of excessive stress at work. It is an example of the great pressure and stress imposed on employees during the time of the ongoing business changes in one of the financial companies based in Brussels. The purpose of this article, however, is not to exhaust the topic of the impact of stress on economy, but rather to induce discussion on the magnitude and importance of this problem.
{"title":"Stress at Work: Its Impact on Sustainable Growth","authors":"Beata Pawełczyk-Cnudde","doi":"10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/KKESSIP.2018.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to show the importance of stress at work for the economy. Stress, which until recently was considered mainly in psychological or social terms, has a direct impact on human capital and labour, which are the basic factors of economic growth (as well as natural resources, technology, physical and financial capitals). The quality and quantity of human capital directly affects the growth of the economy. An increase in investment in human capital can improve the quality of the labour force, hence its productivity. On the other hand, factors that limit economic growth include: poor health and low level of education. People who do not have access to healthcare or education have lower levels of productivity. The economy, therefore, does not fulfil its potential productivity or growth. Stress negatively contributes to changes of these factors. It has become one of the main causes of disability and inability to work in recent years.The first part describes the overall situation in which stress has become an issue for companies and the economy. In the second part I present the different research findings that demonstrate how the meaning and importance of work, and workplace conditions, have evolved. I refer, as well, to quantitative findings proving that companies should invest in preventing stress at work as excessive stress affects performance and productivity. The third part briefly portrays the example of Belgium, where the problem of stress and its economic consequences have been quite thoroughly investigated. The costs of excessive stress were regarded as undue, and as a result, Belgium adopted a law protecting employees against stress and burnout at work. Under this law, employers are obliged to introduce specific internal rules and preventative measures. Based on the Belgian experience, I provide several arguments demonstrating that improving the workplace by mitigating stress levels is beneficial not only for a company itself but for the economy in general. It impacts positively human capital, employability, leads to improved productivity, and in the end, contributes to sustainable economic growth. At the end of the paper, in an annex, I present a case illustrating the problem of excessive stress at work. It is an example of the great pressure and stress imposed on employees during the time of the ongoing business changes in one of the financial companies based in Brussels. The purpose of this article, however, is not to exhaust the topic of the impact of stress on economy, but rather to induce discussion on the magnitude and importance of this problem.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127833353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.33119/kkessip.2015.4.1
M. Krukowska
Challenges that the EU had to face at the beginning of the 21st century have induced revision of its foreign policy. Unprecedented economic development, as well as political opening of China have created an attractive political and economic partner, desired by European states. From the very beginning the cooperation between the EU and China has been based on the economic field. Nowadays, thanks to demographic and economic potentials of both partners bilateral trade turnover equals to a third of global trade and is worth 1 billion euro a day. On initial economic platform of cooperation partners now develop a comprehensive political and social partnership. Despite ideological and political differences, as well as sometimes contradictory economic interests, strategic partnership is very likely to be continued.
{"title":"Partnerstwo strategiczne UE - Chiny: doświadczenia, nowe otwarcie","authors":"M. Krukowska","doi":"10.33119/kkessip.2015.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33119/kkessip.2015.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Challenges that the EU had to face at the beginning of the 21st century have induced revision of its foreign policy. Unprecedented economic development, as well as political opening of China have created an attractive political and economic partner, desired by European states. From the very beginning the cooperation between the EU and China has been based on the economic field. Nowadays, thanks to demographic and economic potentials of both partners bilateral trade turnover equals to a third of global trade and is worth 1 billion euro a day. On initial economic platform of cooperation partners now develop a comprehensive political and social partnership. Despite ideological and political differences, as well as sometimes contradictory economic interests, strategic partnership is very likely to be continued.","PeriodicalId":438061,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125057250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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