Decision最新文献

Political goals are often sought by groups, whether they be political parties, trade associations, interest groups, or of any other sort. The formalities of modern political systems rely on individual voting, but group identities shape both individual behavior and the workings of government. To build a metaphor from the natural sciences, fluids (groups) are composed of molecules (individuals), but the fluid has properties of its own that affect its motion (actions) and interactions with other fluids (groups). This paper develops a model based on fluid dynamics relationships to explain group interactions based on observable group characteristics. It complements many strands of literature by explaining the circumstances in which existing models are valid, and in which they are incomplete. In so doing, it does not refute any existing models, but links them together and addresses their shortcomings.

The municipal government of Hengelo (Netherlands) has introduced reversed collection and differentiated tariffs for waste collection as two policies to stimulate the separation of household waste at source and reduce residual waste. It has also launched other innovative ways of reducing residual solid waste. While most people comply with the new policies, the citizenry has also reacted with fierce protests and in an astounding diversity of ways to the disposal of their waste, unforeseen by the municipality. Two negative effects of the citizens’ creative reactions have been haphazard separation and the littering of the street. The municipality has reacted with condescension by imposing a mixture of control and pedagogic strategies. The aim of this article is first to demonstrate the amazing width of municipal policies, second, to understand the negative reactions of citizens, and, third, the reasons why municipal responses to these reactions have partly remained without success. We argue that ‘modest governance’, which is more sensitive to the citizens’ life worlds, is necessary if the service co-production of waste management is to be a success.

In this research, we examined the mediating effect (decision-making) between governance mechanisms captured by organizational culture and compensation systems (local and/or national criteria bonuses) of public higher education institutions and their efficiency, through an empirical study based on correlational investigation. To identify the relationship between governance mechanisms: organizational culture and compensation systems (local and/or national criteria bonuses), decision-making, and efficiency of public higher education institutions, we selected a sample of 19 public higher education institutions in Sfax for the periods 2017–2020 and 2020–2023. The obtained results revealed that the attribute of organizational culture (captured by student life) and compensation systems (local and/or national criteria bonuses) indirectly affect the efficiency of university institutions through decision-making.

Research classification is an important aspect of conducting research projects because it allows researchers to efficiently identify papers that are in line with the latest research in each field and relevant to projects. There are different approaches to the classification of research papers, such as subject-based, methodology-based, text-based, and machine learning-based. Each approach has its advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of classification method depends on the specific research question and available data. The classification of scientific literature helps to better organize and structure the vast amount of information and knowledge generated in scientific research. It enables researchers and other interested parties to access relevant information in a fast and efficient manner. Classification methods allow easier and more accurate extraction of scientific knowledge to be used as a basis for scientific research in each subject area. In this regard, this paper aims to propose a research classification model using data mining methods and techniques. To test the model, we selected scientific articles on digital workplace accessibility for the disabled retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science repositories. We believe that the classification model is universal and can be applied in other scientific fields.

This study is unique in examining the spillover and leverage effect of Smart Beta Exchange Traded Funds (SB ETFs) and their underlying indices and Cap-Weighted (CW) indices. We find unidirectional return spillover from most SB ETFs to CW indices and bidirectional return spillover between SB ETFs and SB indices using VAR/VECM model. Besides, we find that information is transmitted faster from SB ETFs to the indices than from indices to SB ETFs. Interestingly, we observe that innovations in SB ETFs explain 97% of variance in SB indices and 81% of variance in CW indices. Hasbrouck’s information share of SB ETFs is highest (88%) followed by CW indices (5.6%). ARIMA-GARCH model shows that bidirectional volatility spillover exists between SB ETFs and the indices. ARIMA-EGARCH model provides evidence of leverage effect in SB ETFs, highlighting that volatility increases more after negative shocks than after positive shocks. Our study provides evidence of greater information transmission from SB ETFs to SB indices and to CW indices.