首页 > 最新文献

Policy and Practice in Health and Safety最新文献

英文 中文
Analysis of the Determinants of Workplace Occupational Safety and HealtH Practice in Cyprus 塞浦路斯工作场所职业安全和卫生做法的决定因素分析
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14774003.2014.11667805
G. Boustras, Aristodemos Economides
Abstract This paper is a part of a wider study — funded by EU-OSHA — that has the central aim of describing how the characteristics of the regulatory framework and employment relations tradition affect establishments’ management of health and safety at work. In this quest, a number of countries have been chosen, among them Cyprus, and this paper attempts to present an answer to the aforementioned question in Cyprus. The Cypriot economy is made up of a large number of micro firms (employing fewer than 10 workers). A number of these firms are family owned, creating an unusual and particular economic and work landscape. Also, a relatively large number of workers remain undeclared. By considering and comparing secondary data at the local, national and EU level, the paper attempts to identify and explore the determinants of workplace occupational safety and health within the particular context and conditions in Cyprus.
本文是一项更广泛的研究的一部分-由欧盟职业安全与健康管理局资助-其中心目标是描述监管框架和雇佣关系传统的特点如何影响工作场所的健康和安全管理。在这个问题上,选择了一些国家,其中包括塞浦路斯,本文试图对塞浦路斯的上述问题作出回答。塞浦路斯经济由大量微型公司(雇用少于10名工人)组成。这些公司中有许多是家族企业,创造了一种不同寻常的特殊经济和工作环境。此外,仍有相当多的工人未申报。通过考虑和比较地方、国家和欧盟一级的二手数据,本文试图在塞浦路斯的特定背景和条件下确定和探讨工作场所职业安全和健康的决定因素。
{"title":"Analysis of the Determinants of Workplace Occupational Safety and HealtH Practice in Cyprus","authors":"G. Boustras, Aristodemos Economides","doi":"10.1080/14774003.2014.11667805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667805","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper is a part of a wider study — funded by EU-OSHA — that has the central aim of describing how the characteristics of the regulatory framework and employment relations tradition affect establishments’ management of health and safety at work. In this quest, a number of countries have been chosen, among them Cyprus, and this paper attempts to present an answer to the aforementioned question in Cyprus. The Cypriot economy is made up of a large number of micro firms (employing fewer than 10 workers). A number of these firms are family owned, creating an unusual and particular economic and work landscape. Also, a relatively large number of workers remain undeclared. By considering and comparing secondary data at the local, national and EU level, the paper attempts to identify and explore the determinants of workplace occupational safety and health within the particular context and conditions in Cyprus.","PeriodicalId":43946,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Practice in Health and Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"107 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667805","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59825235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The Determinants of Workplace Health and Safety Practice in the UK 联合王国工作场所健康和安全做法的决定因素
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14774003.2014.11667801
E. Wadsworth, D. Walters
Abstract In each EU member state, national and European legislation sets out how occupational safety and health should be managed in the workplace. How legislation is implemented in practice, however, is affected by the environments and contexts in which enterprises operate. Influential characteristics at international, national and sectoral levels, including regulatory frameworks, industrial relations’ and social protection traditions and systems, occupational safety and health support infrastructures, and the economic and labour market climates, have been identified by a number of research sources. This paper considers the effects of these influences on the way in which occupational safety and health is managed in the UK. It identifies key contextual determinants as being, on the one hand, long-standing traditions (of industrialisation, health and safety management and regulation, and worker representation), and on the other hand as current trends (of deregulation and changes in employment, work organisation and worker representation). The paper concludes that the tensions between these two ‘opposing forces’ give rise to serious concerns about the sustainability of the UK’s relatively good previous track record on occupational safety and health and its management, particularly for those in the growing numbers of non-traditional workplaces and employment situations.
在每个欧盟成员国,国家和欧洲立法规定了如何在工作场所管理职业安全和健康。然而,立法在实践中如何执行受到企业经营环境和背景的影响。若干研究来源已经确定了国际、国家和部门各级的影响特征,包括管制框架、劳资关系和社会保护传统和制度、职业安全和保健支助基础设施以及经济和劳动力市场气候。本文考虑了这些对英国职业安全和健康管理方式的影响。它确定了关键的环境决定因素,一方面是长期的传统(工业化、健康和安全管理和监管以及工人代表),另一方面是当前的趋势(放松管制和就业、工作组织和工人代表的变化)。论文的结论是,这两种“对立力量”之间的紧张关系引起了人们对英国在职业安全和健康及其管理方面相对良好的过往记录的可持续性的严重关切,特别是对于那些越来越多的非传统工作场所和就业情况。
{"title":"The Determinants of Workplace Health and Safety Practice in the UK","authors":"E. Wadsworth, D. Walters","doi":"10.1080/14774003.2014.11667801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667801","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In each EU member state, national and European legislation sets out how occupational safety and health should be managed in the workplace. How legislation is implemented in practice, however, is affected by the environments and contexts in which enterprises operate. Influential characteristics at international, national and sectoral levels, including regulatory frameworks, industrial relations’ and social protection traditions and systems, occupational safety and health support infrastructures, and the economic and labour market climates, have been identified by a number of research sources. This paper considers the effects of these influences on the way in which occupational safety and health is managed in the UK. It identifies key contextual determinants as being, on the one hand, long-standing traditions (of industrialisation, health and safety management and regulation, and worker representation), and on the other hand as current trends (of deregulation and changes in employment, work organisation and worker representation). The paper concludes that the tensions between these two ‘opposing forces’ give rise to serious concerns about the sustainability of the UK’s relatively good previous track record on occupational safety and health and its management, particularly for those in the growing numbers of non-traditional workplaces and employment situations.","PeriodicalId":43946,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Practice in Health and Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"22 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59825581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The 50/50 Implementation of Sweden’S Mandatory Systematic Work Environment Management 瑞典强制性系统化工作环境管理的50/50实施
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14774003.2014.11667802
K. Frick
Abstract This paper presents unique data on how occupational safety and health management, which is internationally mandatory, is implemented in practice in Sweden. The results are based on a research review of some 270 (mainly case) studies of how Swedish employers manage risks at work and thereby how they implement the provisions of systematic work environment management. The requirements of systematic work environment management are structured on three levels: procedures (what should be done), empowering actors (how to do it) and management control (doing the right thing). Implementation in practice is found to be best at the first level. Failure to ensure that there are capable actors (the second level) is widespread, and effective management control (the third level), such that systematic work environment management is effective against all risks at work, is rare. In practice, more systematic procedures have improved the prevention of technical risks, while poor management control has made it hard to tackle the widespread organisational risks of stress and musculoskeletal disorders. Finally, the paper discusses how the background of Sweden’s labour market and work environment system may at least partly explain this half-empty/half-full implementation of systematic work environment management reform.
摘要本文提出了独特的数据如何职业安全和健康管理,这是国际强制性的,是在瑞典的实践中实施。这些结果是基于对瑞典雇主如何管理工作风险以及如何实施系统工作环境管理规定的约270项(主要是案例)研究的研究审查。系统的工作环境管理的要求有三个层次:程序(应该做什么),授权参与者(如何做)和管理控制(做正确的事情)。在实践中,发现在第一级的执行是最好的。未能确保有能力的参与者(第二层)是普遍存在的,而有效的管理控制(第三层)是罕见的,这样系统的工作环境管理对工作中的所有风险是有效的。在实践中,更系统化的程序改善了对技术风险的预防,而管理控制不善使得难以解决压力和肌肉骨骼疾病的广泛组织风险。最后,本文讨论了瑞典的劳动力市场和工作环境系统的背景如何至少部分地解释了这种半空/半满的系统性工作环境管理改革的实施。
{"title":"The 50/50 Implementation of Sweden’S Mandatory Systematic Work Environment Management","authors":"K. Frick","doi":"10.1080/14774003.2014.11667802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667802","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents unique data on how occupational safety and health management, which is internationally mandatory, is implemented in practice in Sweden. The results are based on a research review of some 270 (mainly case) studies of how Swedish employers manage risks at work and thereby how they implement the provisions of systematic work environment management. The requirements of systematic work environment management are structured on three levels: procedures (what should be done), empowering actors (how to do it) and management control (doing the right thing). Implementation in practice is found to be best at the first level. Failure to ensure that there are capable actors (the second level) is widespread, and effective management control (the third level), such that systematic work environment management is effective against all risks at work, is rare. In practice, more systematic procedures have improved the prevention of technical risks, while poor management control has made it hard to tackle the widespread organisational risks of stress and musculoskeletal disorders. Finally, the paper discusses how the background of Sweden’s labour market and work environment system may at least partly explain this half-empty/half-full implementation of systematic work environment management reform.","PeriodicalId":43946,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Practice in Health and Safety","volume":"69 1","pages":"23 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667802","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59825631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Contexts and Determinants of the Management of Occupational Safety and Health in European Workplaces 欧洲工作场所职业安全和健康管理的背景和决定因素
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14774003.2014.11667806
D. Walters, E. Wadsworth
Abstract The focus of this special issue of Policy and Practice is on the influence of national contexts on the practice and effectiveness of occupational safety and health management. This paper adds to the discussion, presented in previous papers in this issue, of contextual determinants at the national level by taking a comparative Europe-wide focus. Using a recent study as its basis, the paper considers the development and implementation of process-oriented occupational safety and health regulation against its political, economic and labour relations backdrops in different EU member states. In particular, it draws out the significance of change (and its pace) in all of these areas as a determinant of occupational safety and health management and practice. The paper concludes with a discussion of the role of the European Union as a key determinant, highlighting the tensions between its regulatory, political and economic policies and approaches in the rapidly changing world of work.
这期《政策与实践》特刊的重点是国家背景对职业安全卫生管理的实践和有效性的影响。本文通过比较欧洲范围的焦点,增加了本问题以前论文中提出的关于国家层面的背景决定因素的讨论。以最近的一项研究为基础,本文考虑了在不同欧盟成员国的政治、经济和劳资关系背景下,面向过程的职业安全和健康法规的发展和实施。特别是,它指出了在所有这些领域中作为职业安全和健康管理和实践的决定因素的变化(及其速度)的重要性。本文最后讨论了欧盟作为一个关键决定因素的作用,强调了在快速变化的工作世界中,其监管、政治和经济政策和方法之间的紧张关系。
{"title":"Contexts and Determinants of the Management of Occupational Safety and Health in European Workplaces","authors":"D. Walters, E. Wadsworth","doi":"10.1080/14774003.2014.11667806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667806","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The focus of this special issue of Policy and Practice is on the influence of national contexts on the practice and effectiveness of occupational safety and health management. This paper adds to the discussion, presented in previous papers in this issue, of contextual determinants at the national level by taking a comparative Europe-wide focus. Using a recent study as its basis, the paper considers the development and implementation of process-oriented occupational safety and health regulation against its political, economic and labour relations backdrops in different EU member states. In particular, it draws out the significance of change (and its pace) in all of these areas as a determinant of occupational safety and health management and practice. The paper concludes with a discussion of the role of the European Union as a key determinant, highlighting the tensions between its regulatory, political and economic policies and approaches in the rapidly changing world of work.","PeriodicalId":43946,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Practice in Health and Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"109 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667806","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59825247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Historical and Contemporary Challenges to Occupational Safety and Health in Latvia 拉脱维亚职业安全与健康的历史和当代挑战
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14774003.2014.11667803
C. Woolfson, I. Vanadziņš
Abstract This paper addresses the historical and contemporary challenges created for occupational safety and health in the EU member state of Latvia, which joined the European Union in 2004. It examines the historical background for the determinants of workplace health and safety in Latvia as a former Soviet republic, and thereafter, following independence from the USSR in 1991, as an open-market neoliberal economy. These divergent contexts have set a problematic trajectory of reactive path dependency with respect to the regulation of occupational safety and health.
摘要本文论述了2004年加入欧盟的欧盟成员国拉脱维亚在职业安全和健康方面所面临的历史和当代挑战。它考察了拉脱维亚作为前苏联加盟共和国以及1991年从苏联独立后作为开放市场新自由主义经济体的工作场所健康和安全决定因素的历史背景。在职业安全和健康监管方面,这些不同的背景造成了反应性路径依赖的问题轨迹。
{"title":"Historical and Contemporary Challenges to Occupational Safety and Health in Latvia","authors":"C. Woolfson, I. Vanadziņš","doi":"10.1080/14774003.2014.11667803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667803","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper addresses the historical and contemporary challenges created for occupational safety and health in the EU member state of Latvia, which joined the European Union in 2004. It examines the historical background for the determinants of workplace health and safety in Latvia as a former Soviet republic, and thereafter, following independence from the USSR in 1991, as an open-market neoliberal economy. These divergent contexts have set a problematic trajectory of reactive path dependency with respect to the regulation of occupational safety and health.","PeriodicalId":43946,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Practice in Health and Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"47 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667803","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59825643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Continuing Challenges for Policy and Practice 政策和实践的持续挑战
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14774003.2014.11667793
D. Walters
This issue of Policy and Practice focuses on several concerns of key relevance to health and safety at work in the 21st century: the importance of taking gender into account in occupational health research; participation and trust in health and safety management; inspection practices and strategies in relation to psychosocial risks; the challenges of outsourcing in a safety critical industry; and the role of occupational exposure limits (OELs) in workplace risk management.
这一期《政策与实践》侧重于与21世纪工作场所健康和安全关键相关的几个关切问题:在职业健康研究中考虑性别因素的重要性;参与和信任健康和安全管理;与社会心理风险有关的检查做法和策略;安全关键行业外包面临的挑战以及职业暴露限值(OELs)在工作场所风险管理中的作用。
{"title":"Continuing Challenges for Policy and Practice","authors":"D. Walters","doi":"10.1080/14774003.2014.11667793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667793","url":null,"abstract":"This issue of Policy and Practice focuses on several concerns of key relevance to health and safety at work in the 21st century: the importance of taking gender into account in occupational health research; participation and trust in health and safety management; inspection practices and strategies in relation to psychosocial risks; the challenges of outsourcing in a safety critical industry; and the role of occupational exposure limits (OELs) in workplace risk management.","PeriodicalId":43946,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Practice in Health and Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667793","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59825258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Taking Gender into Account in Occupational Health Research: Continuing Tensions 在职业健康研究中考虑性别因素:持续的紧张关系
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14774003.2014.11667794
P. Armstrong, K. Messing
Abstract Thinking about women’s occupational health reveals tensions that are involved in doing all occupational health research. By ‘tensions’ we mean conflicting pressures that are not easily or perhaps ever resolved. Recognising such tensions can lead to better science, even when the underlying issues persist. Based on research about women’s occupational health, this paper identifies a series of tensions that have become sources of conflicting pressures within this specific field and which have more general implications for occupational health and, indeed, public health research: sex vs. gender; universal patterns vs. context-specific knowledge; women as a group vs. particular groups of women; quantitative studies vs. qualitative studies; male-female comparisons vs. the study of women; short-term health effects vs. long-term health effects. The tensions identified here are not intended as a finite list but rather as a starting point for the explicit recognition of tensions within specific research projects. Many of these tensions are revealed during interdisciplinary collaborations and need to be understood through such collaborations.
对妇女职业健康的思考揭示了从事所有职业健康研究所涉及的紧张关系。所谓“紧张”,我们指的是不容易或可能永远无法解决的相互冲突的压力。认识到这种紧张关系可以带来更好的科学,即使潜在的问题仍然存在。根据对妇女职业健康的研究,本文确定了一系列紧张局势,这些紧张局势已成为这一特定领域内相互冲突的压力的来源,并对职业健康以及实际上对公共卫生研究具有更普遍的影响:性与性别;通用模式vs.情境特定知识;女性作为一个群体vs.特定的女性群体;定量研究vs.定性研究;男女比较与女性研究;短期健康影响vs.长期健康影响。这里确定的紧张局势不打算作为一个有限的列表,而是作为明确认识特定研究项目中的紧张局势的起点。许多这些紧张关系在跨学科合作中显露出来,需要通过这种合作来理解。
{"title":"Taking Gender into Account in Occupational Health Research: Continuing Tensions","authors":"P. Armstrong, K. Messing","doi":"10.1080/14774003.2014.11667794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667794","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Thinking about women’s occupational health reveals tensions that are involved in doing all occupational health research. By ‘tensions’ we mean conflicting pressures that are not easily or perhaps ever resolved. Recognising such tensions can lead to better science, even when the underlying issues persist. Based on research about women’s occupational health, this paper identifies a series of tensions that have become sources of conflicting pressures within this specific field and which have more general implications for occupational health and, indeed, public health research: sex vs. gender; universal patterns vs. context-specific knowledge; women as a group vs. particular groups of women; quantitative studies vs. qualitative studies; male-female comparisons vs. the study of women; short-term health effects vs. long-term health effects. The tensions identified here are not intended as a finite list but rather as a starting point for the explicit recognition of tensions within specific research projects. Many of these tensions are revealed during interdisciplinary collaborations and need to be understood through such collaborations.","PeriodicalId":43946,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Practice in Health and Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"16 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667794","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59825301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Safety Representatives’ Roles and Dilemmas in the Danish Oil and Gas Industry 安全代表在丹麦油气行业的角色和困境
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14774003.2014.11667795
Hanna B Rasmussen, P. Hasle, P. Andersen
Abstract Safety representatives are supposed to play a crucial role in ensuring safe and healthy workplaces in the oil and gas industry, but the role is marked by dilemmas and constraints. This paper analyses how safety representatives in their daily practice develop a role that can create the necessary recognition from management and the manoeuvring space to fulfil their role. It is based on a study of three firms in the Danish oil and gas industry. The results indicate that safety representatives are marked by dilemmas between the rather extensive legislative demands and the conflicting expectations from colleagues and management, and constraints on the day-to-day fulfilment of the role. Danish legislation and Danish industrial relations focus on the collaborative aspect of the safety representative role, which impacts on the view of the role. The primary role of the safety representative is to solve small problems rather than protect the interests of colleagues. The focus on problem solving is caused not only by legislation, but by the policies of the individual companies-in the three companies studied, there were considerable differences between them, with one company including its safety representatives to a much larger extent than the others.
安全代表在确保油气行业工作场所的安全和健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用,但这一作用却面临着困境和制约。本文分析了安全代表如何在日常实践中发挥作用,从而获得管理层的必要认可和发挥作用的操作空间。该报告基于对丹麦石油和天然气行业三家公司的研究。结果表明,安全代表的特点是在相当广泛的立法要求和同事和管理层的相互冲突的期望之间的困境,以及对角色日常履行的限制。丹麦立法和丹麦劳资关系侧重于安全代表角色的合作方面,这影响了对角色的看法。安全代表的首要作用是解决小问题,而不是保护同事的利益。对问题解决的关注不仅是由立法引起的,而且是由个别公司的政策引起的——在研究的三家公司中,它们之间存在相当大的差异,其中一家公司包括其安全代表的程度要比其他公司大得多。
{"title":"Safety Representatives’ Roles and Dilemmas in the Danish Oil and Gas Industry","authors":"Hanna B Rasmussen, P. Hasle, P. Andersen","doi":"10.1080/14774003.2014.11667795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667795","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Safety representatives are supposed to play a crucial role in ensuring safe and healthy workplaces in the oil and gas industry, but the role is marked by dilemmas and constraints. This paper analyses how safety representatives in their daily practice develop a role that can create the necessary recognition from management and the manoeuvring space to fulfil their role. It is based on a study of three firms in the Danish oil and gas industry. The results indicate that safety representatives are marked by dilemmas between the rather extensive legislative demands and the conflicting expectations from colleagues and management, and constraints on the day-to-day fulfilment of the role. Danish legislation and Danish industrial relations focus on the collaborative aspect of the safety representative role, which impacts on the view of the role. The primary role of the safety representative is to solve small problems rather than protect the interests of colleagues. The focus on problem solving is caused not only by legislation, but by the policies of the individual companies-in the three companies studied, there were considerable differences between them, with one company including its safety representatives to a much larger extent than the others.","PeriodicalId":43946,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Practice in Health and Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"17 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667795","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59825314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Covert Chemicals, Tangible Trust: Risk Management of Chemicals in the Workplace 隐蔽化学品,有形信任:工作场所化学品的风险管理
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14774003.2014.11667799
L. Schenk, Misse Wester
Abstract In Sweden, as in other industrialised nations, occupational exposure limits are considered to be an important tool for chemical risk management, although many other factors also play a role in occupational safety and health management. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of occupational exposure limits in relation to information about, and the risk perception of, chemicals. An interview study was performed at four Swedish process industry workplaces in order to investigate these issues. For each workplace, the range of informants covered at least one person who spent most of their working time in the production process; one person in a managerial position; one person in the site health, safety and environment department; the main safety ombudsman; and the site manager. The results show that informants’ understanding of occupational exposure limits and their use is quite poor, although they do understand that there is epistemic uncertainty in determining the toxicological effects of hazardous substances. The risk perception and safety behaviour of the informants were not affected by the occupational exposure limits, nor did occupational exposure limits have any role as sources of information. Nevertheless, almost all the informants expressed the view that occupational exposure limits are trusted and needed; safety engineers and main safety ombudsmen, generally, also added that occupational exposure limits are useful. What was found to be most important factor for the informants’ perception of risk and safety was trust in specific people, often established through long-term relationships.
在瑞典,与其他工业化国家一样,职业暴露限值被认为是化学品风险管理的重要工具,尽管许多其他因素也在职业安全和健康管理中发挥作用。本研究的目的是调查职业暴露限值在化学品信息和风险感知方面的作用。为了调查这些问题,在四个瑞典加工工业工作场所进行了访谈研究。对于每个工作场所,举报人的范围至少包括一个在生产过程中花费大部分工作时间的人;管理者:处于管理地位的人;现场健康、安全、环境部门1人;主要安全监察员;还有网站管理员。结果表明,尽管他们确实了解在确定有害物质的毒理学效应方面存在认知上的不确定性,但举报人对职业暴露限值及其使用的理解相当差。举报人的风险认知和安全行为不受职业暴露限值的影响,职业暴露限值也不作为信息来源。然而,几乎所有的举报人都认为,职业接触限值是可信和必要的;一般来说,安全工程师和主要安全监察员也补充说,职业暴露限制是有用的。研究发现,影响举报人对风险和安全感知的最重要因素是对特定人群的信任,这种信任通常是通过长期关系建立起来的。
{"title":"Covert Chemicals, Tangible Trust: Risk Management of Chemicals in the Workplace","authors":"L. Schenk, Misse Wester","doi":"10.1080/14774003.2014.11667799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667799","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In Sweden, as in other industrialised nations, occupational exposure limits are considered to be an important tool for chemical risk management, although many other factors also play a role in occupational safety and health management. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of occupational exposure limits in relation to information about, and the risk perception of, chemicals. An interview study was performed at four Swedish process industry workplaces in order to investigate these issues. For each workplace, the range of informants covered at least one person who spent most of their working time in the production process; one person in a managerial position; one person in the site health, safety and environment department; the main safety ombudsman; and the site manager. The results show that informants’ understanding of occupational exposure limits and their use is quite poor, although they do understand that there is epistemic uncertainty in determining the toxicological effects of hazardous substances. The risk perception and safety behaviour of the informants were not affected by the occupational exposure limits, nor did occupational exposure limits have any role as sources of information. Nevertheless, almost all the informants expressed the view that occupational exposure limits are trusted and needed; safety engineers and main safety ombudsmen, generally, also added that occupational exposure limits are useful. What was found to be most important factor for the informants’ perception of risk and safety was trust in specific people, often established through long-term relationships.","PeriodicalId":43946,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Practice in Health and Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"106 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59825507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Determinants of Workplace Occupational Safety and Health Practice in Spain 西班牙工作场所职业安全和健康实践的决定因素
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14774003.2014.11667804
Ana M. García, F. Benavides
Abstract This paper considers the determinants of workplace health and safety practice in Spain. By outlining the historical evolution and current arrangements for occupational safety and health on the one hand, and the current labour market and health and safety outcome contexts on the other, it identifies a number of key influential factors. These include the way in which health and safety institutions and roles have developed, the country’s entry into the EU and the subsequent legislative and structural developments, and the relative position of health and safety management within organisations’ management processes more generally. The paper concludes by reflecting on the influence of significant ‘political’ events on the context in which occupational safety and health challenges, and responses to them, develop.
摘要本文考虑了西班牙工作场所健康和安全实践的决定因素。报告一方面概述了职业安全和健康的历史演变和目前的安排,另一方面概述了当前的劳动力市场和健康与安全成果背景,确定了一些关键的影响因素。这些包括健康和安全机构和作用的发展方式,国家加入欧盟和随后的立法和结构发展,以及健康和安全管理在组织管理过程中的相对地位。论文最后反思了重大“政治”事件对职业安全和健康挑战的影响,以及对这些挑战的反应。
{"title":"Determinants of Workplace Occupational Safety and Health Practice in Spain","authors":"Ana M. García, F. Benavides","doi":"10.1080/14774003.2014.11667804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667804","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper considers the determinants of workplace health and safety practice in Spain. By outlining the historical evolution and current arrangements for occupational safety and health on the one hand, and the current labour market and health and safety outcome contexts on the other, it identifies a number of key influential factors. These include the way in which health and safety institutions and roles have developed, the country’s entry into the EU and the subsequent legislative and structural developments, and the relative position of health and safety management within organisations’ management processes more generally. The paper concludes by reflecting on the influence of significant ‘political’ events on the context in which occupational safety and health challenges, and responses to them, develop.","PeriodicalId":43946,"journal":{"name":"Policy and Practice in Health and Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"67 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14774003.2014.11667804","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59825681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
期刊
Policy and Practice in Health and Safety
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1