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Carbon Nanotube (CNT) Composites and its Application; A Review 碳纳米管(CNT)复合材料及其应用回顾
Pub Date : 2022-08-28 DOI: 10.47709/brilliance.v2i3.1692
M. R. H. Alhakeem
Due to their superior mechanical, thermal, electrical, and tri-biological characteristics, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely used in a variety of industries, from aerospace to energy, since their discovery in 1991. Their compact size, amazing tensile strength, and light weight They are often used as reinforcements in metals, plastics, and even additive manufacturing due to their popularity and conductivity. In this analysis, we present a list of these structures and an in-depth discussion of the CNT-reinforced materials can be processed using a variety of techniques, including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), ball milling, both laser melting and hot pressing. The restrictions in the production and processing of these composites additionally discussed, strengthened by many authored works. To comprehend how these composites' properties change in relation to other parameters, such as a wide range of variables, such as temperature, CNT length, diameter, etc. A summary is given, explaining various methods for performing experimental analysis and providing convincing arguments for putting the changes' causes in. Therefore, we investigate the specialized uses of these CNT-reinforced composites in industries like aerospace, energy, biomedicine, and auto, and how they can be handled further, altered to make room for less expensive and more effective fixes going forward.
碳纳米管(CNTs)自1991年被发现以来,由于其优异的机械、热学、电学和三生物学特性,已广泛应用于从航空航天到能源等各个行业。它们体积小巧,抗拉强度惊人,重量轻,由于它们的普及和导电性,它们经常被用作金属,塑料甚至增材制造的增强材料。在本分析中,我们列出了这些结构的列表,并深入讨论了碳纳米管增强材料可以使用各种技术进行加工,包括化学气相沉积(CVD),球磨,激光熔化和热压。另外还讨论了这些复合材料生产和加工中的限制,并由许多著作加强。了解这些复合材料的性能如何随其他参数变化,如温度、碳纳米管长度、直径等广泛的变量。本文给出了一个总结,解释了进行实验分析的各种方法,并为将变化的原因放入其中提供了令人信服的论据。因此,我们研究了这些碳纳米管增强复合材料在航空航天、能源、生物医药和汽车等行业的特殊用途,以及如何进一步处理它们,改变它们,为未来更便宜、更有效的修复留出空间。
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引用次数: 0
An Overview of the most Common Vehicle Suspension Problems 最常见的车辆悬架问题概述
Pub Date : 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.47709/brilliance.v2i3.1655
Ahmed Aboazoum
The design of the suspension system, which transmits force between the vehicle and the ground, is principally responsible for the driving comfort of a vehicle. Importantly, a vehicle's suspension system contributes to the reliability and precision of steering and control, as well as to the friction between the vehicle and the road. The suspension system is also responsible for absorbing and dampening road stress, so that we do not feel every bump on the road when driving. Linkages, springs, and shock absorbers are the three fundamental types of suspension components. This paper introduced the most common suspension problems and the symptoms that may indicate you need a suspension system repair, where it turns out that there is a set of problems common to all vehicle suspension systems, such as poor wheel alignment, faulty shocks or struts, damaged springs, failing ball joints, and faulty control arms. Now as a conclusion of this paper, the reader can know the most common suspension system problems in vehicles and thus how to deal with these problems.
悬架系统是在车辆和地面之间传递力的系统,它的设计主要负责车辆的驾驶舒适性。重要的是,车辆的悬架系统有助于转向和控制的可靠性和精度,以及车辆与道路之间的摩擦。悬挂系统还负责吸收和阻尼道路压力,这样我们在驾驶时就不会感觉到路上的每一次颠簸。连杆、弹簧和减震器是悬架部件的三种基本类型。本文介绍了最常见的悬架问题以及可能表明您需要维修悬架系统的症状,其中事实证明,所有车辆悬架系统都存在一系列常见问题,例如车轮定位不良,冲击或支柱故障,弹簧损坏,球接头故障以及控制臂故障。现在作为本文的结论,读者可以知道车辆最常见的悬挂系统问题,从而如何处理这些问题。
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引用次数: 0
Common Diseases in Bird; Letter to Editor 鸟类常见疾病;给编辑的信
Pub Date : 2022-07-20 DOI: 10.47709/brilliance.v2i3.1618
Ayesha Muazzam
I am writing this letter to you in order to bring light toward major diseases in poultry here in this letter I gave complete overview of major disease in poultry and also suggest about treatment  There are some common diseases of Poultry some are viral, some are bacterial, some are fungal and some are parasitic
我给你写这封信是为了让你了解家禽的主要疾病,在这封信中,我对家禽的主要疾病进行了全面的概述,并提出了治疗建议。家禽的一些常见疾病有病毒性疾病,细菌性疾病,真菌性疾病和寄生性疾病
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引用次数: 0
Covid as an immunosuppressive disease a Review 新冠病毒作为免疫抑制疾病的研究进展
Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.47709/brilliance.v2i3.1610
Hafsa Javaid Malik, I. Chaudhry
The three symptoms of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that patients most often mention are cough, fever, and shortness of breath. However, other significant illnesses that are frequently observed in COVID-19 patients (such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, kidney disease, neurologic disorders, arterial and venous thromboembolism, and kidney disease) imply that the virus is specifically attacking the endothelium, one of the largest organs in the human body. We provide here a systematic and comprehensive analysis of both clinical and preclinical evidence in support of the idea that the endothelium is a major target organ in COVID-19 and give a mechanistic explanation for its systemic symptoms.
患者最常提到的冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的三种症状是咳嗽、发烧和呼吸急促。然而,在COVID-19患者中经常观察到的其他重大疾病(如糖尿病、高血压、肾脏疾病、神经系统疾病、动脉和静脉血栓栓塞症以及肾脏疾病)意味着该病毒特异性地攻击内皮细胞,内皮细胞是人体最大的器官之一。在此,我们对临床和临床前证据进行了系统和全面的分析,以支持内皮细胞是COVID-19主要靶器官的观点,并对其系统性症状给出了机制解释。
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引用次数: 0
Diabetes mellitus and renal failure effect on intestinal insulin 糖尿病和肾功能衰竭对肠道胰岛素的影响
Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.47709/brilliance.v2i3.1600
Asrar Ali, N. M. Al-Awkally, Areeb Ahmer, Sania Tariq, Talha Mumtaz, Huma Shahbaz, Rabbya Rayan Shah
The two most prevalent causes of end-stage renal disease nowadays are thought to be diabetic mellitus (DM) and hypertension (ESRD). In addition to discussing the function of DM in ESRD, this study reviews glucose metabolism and the treatment of hyperglycemia in these patients. Although strict glycemic control and ESRD patient survival were not significantly correlated in numerous big trials, it is advised that glycemic control be prioritised as the primary therapeutic objective in the care of these patients to minimise harm to other organs. When fasting blood sugar is less than 140 mg/dL, 1-hour postprandial blood sugar is less than 200 mg/dL, and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is 6-7 in type 1 diabetes patients and 7-8 in type 2 diabetes patients, glycemic control is ideal. Given its potentially deadly side effect, lactic acidosis, metformin administration should be avoided in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), while glipizide and repaglinide seem to be preferable options.
目前,两种最常见的终末期肾脏疾病的原因被认为是糖尿病(DM)和高血压(ESRD)。除了探讨糖尿病在ESRD中的作用外,本研究还综述了这些患者的糖代谢和高血糖的治疗。尽管在许多大型试验中,严格的血糖控制与ESRD患者的生存率没有显著相关性,但建议将血糖控制作为这些患者护理的主要治疗目标,以尽量减少对其他器官的伤害。当空腹血糖低于140 mg/dL,餐后1小时血糖低于200 mg/dL, 1型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)为6-7,2型糖尿病患者为7-8时,血糖控制理想。鉴于其潜在的致命副作用,乳酸性酸中毒,慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)患者应避免使用二甲双胍,而格列吡嗪和瑞格列奈似乎是更好的选择。
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引用次数: 1
Covid-19 a brief Overview Covid-19简介
Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.47709/brilliance.v2i3.1601
Sania Tariq, M. Hamza, Ayesha Muazzam, Areeb Ahmer, M. Mumtaz, S. Ahmad
In December 2019, pneumonia brought on by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection first appeared in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The World Health Organization (WHO) will formally refer to the illness brought on by SARS-CoV-2 infection as coronavirus disease by February 11, 2020. (COVID-19). Fever, a dry cough, and exhaustion are the most common clinical symptoms of COVID-19, and pulmonary involvement is often evident. Being extremely infectious, SARS-CoV-2 may infect the majority of people in the general population. Currently, the major sources of the illness, which is spread by respiratory droplets and direct contact, are infected individuals and wild animal hosts. Since the outbreak, the Chinese government and scientific community have moved quickly to uncover the underlying cause, disclose the viral DNA sequence, and implement control measures. While past studies have concentrated on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, as well as the development of drugs and vaccines, current research has uncovered crucial parts of SARS-CoV-2 biology and disease pathogenesis. This review tries to establish agreement among experts by summarising the most recent study results. Along with current advice for prevention, containment, and essential treatment of this pandemic, we will also discuss existing initiatives and experience from China that may provide light on how to curb the outbreak and further our knowledge of this newly emergent infectious illness.
2019年12月,中国湖北省武汉市首次出现了由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)感染引起的肺炎。世界卫生组织(世卫组织)将于2020年2月11日正式将SARS-CoV-2感染引发的疾病称为冠状病毒病。(COVID-19)。发烧、干咳和乏力是COVID-19最常见的临床症状,肺部受累通常很明显。由于传染性极强,SARS-CoV-2可能感染普通人群中的大多数人。目前,通过呼吸道飞沫和直接接触传播的该病的主要来源是受感染的个体和野生动物宿主。疫情发生以来,中国政府和科学界迅速采取行动,查明病因,公布病毒DNA序列,实施防控措施。过去的研究主要集中在流行病学、临床特征、诊断、治疗以及药物和疫苗的开发上,而目前的研究已经揭示了SARS-CoV-2生物学和疾病发病机制的关键部分。这篇综述试图通过总结最新的研究结果来建立专家之间的共识。除了目前关于预防、控制和基本治疗这种大流行的建议外,我们还将讨论中国现有的举措和经验,这些举措和经验可能会为如何遏制疫情提供启示,并进一步加深我们对这种新出现的传染病的了解。
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引用次数: 0
Current Perspectives on the Strategic Future of the Poultry Industry After the COVID-19 Outbreak COVID-19爆发后家禽业战略未来的当前展望
Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.47709/brilliance.v2i3.1597
A. Samad, M. Hamza, Ayesha Muazzam, Areeb Ahmer, Sania Tariq, Shehroz Ahmad, M. Mumtaz
The future expansion of the poultry business is hampered by a number of reasons, including chicken immunity, health, and productivity. Major obstacles to the present state of the sector and its strategic future will continue to be consumer confidence, product quality and safety, product kinds, and the introduction and re-emergence of illnesses. Poultry is inextricably related to zoonotic and foodborne illnesses. Foodborne and zoonotic pathogen eradication, elimination, and/or management provide a significant challenge to the chicken business. The risks to the general public's health from eating foods with significant antibiotic residues will also continue to be a major problem. This review's idea of chicken farming goes beyond only thinking about disease prevention. Instead, it will take into account how the immunity, wellbeing, and health of the animals are interconnected. It is crucial to understand that hens are not vulnerable to intranasal SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) viral infection. Nevertheless, the COVID-19 pandemic will have an impact on chicken farming's finances, transportation, and consumption. Along with these factors, it will evaluate the maintenance of high environmental security as well as economic, ethical, and social aspects. For the industry to meet consumer demand and guarantee sustainable agriculture, shareholders, veterinarians, farmers, and all other stakeholders in the chain of poultry production need to be more active in the present state and the sector's strategic future. The current evaluation examines these crucial activities as a result.
家禽业务的未来扩张受到许多原因的阻碍,包括鸡的免疫力、健康和生产力。该部门现状及其战略未来的主要障碍仍将是消费者信心、产品质量和安全、产品种类以及疾病的引入和再次出现。家禽与人畜共患病和食源性疾病密不可分。食源性和人畜共患病原体的根除、消除和/或管理对养鸡业提出了重大挑战。食用含有大量抗生素残留的食品对公众健康的风险也将继续是一个主要问题。这篇综述的养鸡理念不仅仅是考虑疾病预防。相反,它将考虑到动物的免疫力、福祉和健康是如何相互关联的。重要的是要了解母鸡不容易受到鼻内SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)病毒感染。尽管如此,新冠疫情将对养鸡业的财务、运输和消费产生影响。与这些因素一起,它将评估维持高环境安全以及经济,道德和社会方面。为了满足消费者需求并保证可持续农业,股东、兽医、农民和家禽生产链上的所有其他利益相关者需要在当前状态和该行业的战略未来中更加积极。目前的评价审查了这些关键活动的结果。
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引用次数: 3
Effects of COVID-19 on environmental conditions and poultry production COVID-19对环境条件和家禽生产的影响
Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.47709/brilliance.v2i3.1598
Areeb Ahmer, M. Hamza, Ayesha Muazzam, Abdul Samad, Sania Tariq, Shehroz Ahmad, M. Mumtaz
Although hens are not vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2, there have been a number of coronavirus illness outbreaks reported in connection with poultry processing plants in various nations. The COVID-19 pandemic and the created strain triggered the second, third, and most current waves of epidemics, which had unforeseen effects such being obliged to reduce demand for certain sectors, transit systems, jobs, and enterprises owing to public confinement. Additionally, because of the close closeness on the line, the cold, and the humidity, the circumstances in chicken processing factories increase the dangers. Due to poor pay and lack of access to paid sick days or proper healthcare, the majority of employees have little money saved up in case they choose to quit their stable jobs. Additionally, employees at meat and poultry slaughterhouses may get an infection via touching filthy workstations, dining room tables, or equipment, as well as from respiratory droplets in the air. Due to consumer behaviour changes brought on by the lockout, egg costs have climbed significantly. Over the next months, the COVID epidemic may have a significant influence on the world poultry trade as well. The impact of COVID-19 on chicken production, environmental sustainability, and earth systems will be the main emphasis of this study from many process angles.
尽管母鸡不容易感染SARS-CoV-2,但据报道,许多国家的家禽加工厂爆发了许多冠状病毒疾病。2019冠状病毒病大流行及其产生的毒株引发了第二波、第三波和当前的大多数流行病,这些流行病产生了不可预见的影响,例如由于公共隔离而不得不减少对某些部门、交通系统、就业和企业的需求。此外,由于生产线的近距离、寒冷和潮湿,鸡肉加工厂的环境增加了危险。由于工资低,缺乏带薪病假或适当的医疗保健,大多数员工几乎没有积蓄,以防他们选择辞去稳定的工作。此外,肉类和家禽屠宰场的员工可能通过接触肮脏的工作站、餐桌或设备以及空气中的呼吸道飞沫而感染。由于停摆带来的消费者行为变化,鸡蛋价格大幅攀升。在接下来的几个月里,COVID疫情也可能对世界家禽贸易产生重大影响。2019冠状病毒病对鸡肉生产、环境可持续性和地球系统的影响将从多个过程角度成为本研究的主要重点。
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引用次数: 3
Overview of Infectious Anemia In chicken and Role of PCR in disease Diagnose 鸡传染性贫血综述及PCR在疾病诊断中的作用
Pub Date : 2022-06-29 DOI: 10.47709/brilliance.v2i3.1585
Ayesha Muazzam, R. Mehmood
Chicken Infectious Anemia is a viral disease in poultry caused by CAV chicken Anemia virus  usually effecting chicken and other species of poultry birds. This review will show the role of PCR which is a device used to diagnose disease. In this review I also brief some sign and symptom of the disease which will help a lay men to diagnose the disease. In this review I also discuss the control method of disease by which we can control the disease and save the farmer from big loss. The objective of that review was to aware the people from risk of CIA and give possible solution to combat with disease. The review will help out scholars to understand CIA. This review also bring light toward the use of PCR as in Pakistan farmer are not using PCR and in result there is big difficulty in diagnose of disease. This study will also aware about use of vaccine to the people so people will know the importance of Vaccine.
鸡传染性贫血是由CAV鸡贫血病毒引起的家禽病毒性疾病,通常影响鸡和其他禽类。本文将介绍PCR在疾病诊断中的作用。在这篇综述中,我还简要介绍了该病的一些体征和症状,以帮助外行人诊断该病。本文还对病害的防治方法进行了探讨,以期对病害进行有效的控制,使农民免受较大的损失。审查的目的是了解人们对中央情报局的风险,并提出与疾病作斗争的可能解决方案。这篇评论将有助于学者们了解CIA。这一综述也为PCR的应用带来了曙光,因为巴基斯坦农民没有使用PCR,因此在疾病诊断方面存在很大困难。这项研究也将意识到疫苗的使用,让人们知道疫苗的重要性。
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引用次数: 1
Arduino-Based Anti-Theft System in Mosque Charity Box 基于arduino的清真寺慈善箱防盗系统
Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.47709/brilliance.v2i3.1548
Bagus Tri Syahputra
The high level of criminal cases makes people have to be more vigilant. One of them is theft. Theft does not only occur in private areas such as homes, but often occurs in public locations, namely places of worship. There are many cases of theft of charity boxes at mosques or other places of worship. In this study, a security system was designed that was applied to the charity box. This tool is expected to reduce the rate of loss of donations in charity boxes. The charity box has an RFID sensor installed to unlock it and a motion sensor to detect movement if a thief tries to unlock the box.
高水平的刑事案件使人们不得不更加警惕。其中之一是盗窃。盗窃不仅发生在家庭等私人场所,而且经常发生在公共场所,即礼拜场所。在清真寺或其他礼拜场所,有许多慈善箱被盗的案件。在本研究中,我们设计了一个应用于慈善箱的安全系统。该工具有望降低慈善箱中捐款的损失率。这个慈善箱安装了一个射频识别传感器来解锁,如果小偷试图打开盒子,它还安装了一个运动传感器来检测运动。
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引用次数: 0
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Brilliance: Research of Artificial Intelligence
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