{"title":"SVIRD epidemic model with discrete-time hybrid Markov/semi-Markov assumptions","authors":"F. Zuhairoh, D. Rosadi, A. R. Effendie","doi":"10.28919/cmbn/7887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28919/cmbn/7887","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":44079,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69239563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Mathematical modelling of in-host dynamics has proven to be useful in the control of infectious diseases. An in-host model for the transmission dynamics of the human papillomavirus (HPV) among women living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), incorporating HIV treatment and HPV vaccination is presented. The developed model considers latency and adaptive immune response through cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) on the co-infection dynamics. The positivity and boundedness of solutions is proven and the disease-free equilibrium as well as the endemic equilibrium points are computed. The stability of equilibrium points is also proven. The model exhibits three significant reproduction numbers, that is, the basic reproduction number, R 0 , the effective reproduction number, R c and the immune response reproduction number, R K . The conditions for stability based on the reproduction numbers are stated and numerical simulations performed. The simulations established that although the adaptive immune response is effective in the reduction of HPV, it is not adequate, especially among HIV-positive women. Therefore, HPV vaccination before the onset of sexual activity or among HIV-infected women in addition to proper adherence to HIV treatment is beneficial in reducing HPV in-host.
{"title":"On modelling the in-host dynamics of HIV/HPV co-infection in the human population","authors":"Z. Chazuka, C. W. Chukwu, G. M. Moremedi","doi":"10.28919/cmbn/7912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28919/cmbn/7912","url":null,"abstract":". Mathematical modelling of in-host dynamics has proven to be useful in the control of infectious diseases. An in-host model for the transmission dynamics of the human papillomavirus (HPV) among women living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), incorporating HIV treatment and HPV vaccination is presented. The developed model considers latency and adaptive immune response through cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) on the co-infection dynamics. The positivity and boundedness of solutions is proven and the disease-free equilibrium as well as the endemic equilibrium points are computed. The stability of equilibrium points is also proven. The model exhibits three significant reproduction numbers, that is, the basic reproduction number, R 0 , the effective reproduction number, R c and the immune response reproduction number, R K . The conditions for stability based on the reproduction numbers are stated and numerical simulations performed. The simulations established that although the adaptive immune response is effective in the reduction of HPV, it is not adequate, especially among HIV-positive women. Therefore, HPV vaccination before the onset of sexual activity or among HIV-infected women in addition to proper adherence to HIV treatment is beneficial in reducing HPV in-host.","PeriodicalId":44079,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69239920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. A theoretical knowledge of the global stability of an eco-epidemiological model is not only important in itself but is also important in understanding the results of numerical simulations. In this paper the global stability of a fractional-order eco-epidemiological model with infected predator and harvesting is investigated using the Lyapunov function.
{"title":"Global stability of a fractional-order eco-epidemiological model with infected predator: theoretical analysis","authors":"M. Moustafa, F. Abdullah, S. Shafie, N. Amirsom","doi":"10.28919/cmbn/7977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28919/cmbn/7977","url":null,"abstract":". A theoretical knowledge of the global stability of an eco-epidemiological model is not only important in itself but is also important in understanding the results of numerical simulations. In this paper the global stability of a fractional-order eco-epidemiological model with infected predator and harvesting is investigated using the Lyapunov function.","PeriodicalId":44079,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69242966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatima Ezzahra Bendahou, Nossaiba Baba, Y. E. Foutayeni, N. Achtaich
. This paper studies a bioeconomic model of three species of small pelagic marine species in Moroccan coastal areas: Sardine, Sardinella and shark. The model combines competition and predation. Two areas are proposed, one is polluted and the other is not. The model combines a biological part describing the evolution of the biomass of stocks subjected to fishing mortality and an economic part explaining the mortality rate. We study the existence and stability of equilibrium states through eigenvalue analysis and the Routh-Hirwitz criterion, then introduce economic approaches to determine the effort needed to maximize the fishermen’s income. Numerical simulations are performed. The objective of this paper is to study the impact of pollution on the existence, evolution of biomass and predation, fishing effort, catches, and profits
{"title":"Impact of pollution on sardine, sardinella, and mackerel fishery: a bioeconomic approach","authors":"Fatima Ezzahra Bendahou, Nossaiba Baba, Y. E. Foutayeni, N. Achtaich","doi":"10.28919/cmbn/7986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28919/cmbn/7986","url":null,"abstract":". This paper studies a bioeconomic model of three species of small pelagic marine species in Moroccan coastal areas: Sardine, Sardinella and shark. The model combines competition and predation. Two areas are proposed, one is polluted and the other is not. The model combines a biological part describing the evolution of the biomass of stocks subjected to fishing mortality and an economic part explaining the mortality rate. We study the existence and stability of equilibrium states through eigenvalue analysis and the Routh-Hirwitz criterion, then introduce economic approaches to determine the effort needed to maximize the fishermen’s income. Numerical simulations are performed. The objective of this paper is to study the impact of pollution on the existence, evolution of biomass and predation, fishing effort, catches, and profits","PeriodicalId":44079,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69243490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. U. Achimugwu, M. Kinyanjui, D. Malonza, P. U. Achimugwu, M. Kinyanjui
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{"title":"Mitigation of climate change due to excessive carbon dioxide emission and accumulation: a mathematical model approach","authors":"P. U. Achimugwu, M. Kinyanjui, D. Malonza, P. U. Achimugwu, M. Kinyanjui","doi":"10.28919/cmbn/8027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28919/cmbn/8027","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":44079,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69245336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Smouni, Abdelbar EL Mansouri, B. Khajji, A. Labzai, M. Belam, Y. Tidli
. In this work, we present a continuous mathematical model, SEIQR, for monkeypox infection. We study the dynamical behaviour of this model and discuss the basic properties of the system. By constructing Lyapunov functions and using Routh-Hurwitz criteria, the stability analysis of the model confirms that the system is globally, as well as locally, asymptotically stable at the free equilibrium E 0 when R 0 < 1. When R 0 > 1, the endemic equilibrium E ∗ exists, and the system is globally, as well as locally, asymptotically stable at the endemic equilibrium E ∗ . Additionally, we conduct a sensitivity analysis of the model parameters to identify the parameters that have a significant impact on the reproduction number R 0 . Finally, we perform numerical simulations to confirm the theoretical analysis using Matlab.
{"title":"Mathematical modeling and analysis of a monkeypox model","authors":"I. Smouni, Abdelbar EL Mansouri, B. Khajji, A. Labzai, M. Belam, Y. Tidli","doi":"10.28919/cmbn/8076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28919/cmbn/8076","url":null,"abstract":". In this work, we present a continuous mathematical model, SEIQR, for monkeypox infection. We study the dynamical behaviour of this model and discuss the basic properties of the system. By constructing Lyapunov functions and using Routh-Hurwitz criteria, the stability analysis of the model confirms that the system is globally, as well as locally, asymptotically stable at the free equilibrium E 0 when R 0 < 1. When R 0 > 1, the endemic equilibrium E ∗ exists, and the system is globally, as well as locally, asymptotically stable at the endemic equilibrium E ∗ . Additionally, we conduct a sensitivity analysis of the model parameters to identify the parameters that have a significant impact on the reproduction number R 0 . Finally, we perform numerical simulations to confirm the theoretical analysis using Matlab.","PeriodicalId":44079,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69246034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding the influence of prey odour in predator species: a three-species food chain study","authors":"Debasish Bhattacharjee, Dipam Das, Diganta Jyoti, Sarma, Santanu Acharjee","doi":"10.28919/cmbn/8099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28919/cmbn/8099","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":44079,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69246617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An integer programming model for predicting multi-shapes of 3D protein structure model","authors":"","doi":"10.28919/cmbn/8071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28919/cmbn/8071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44079,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135318073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dry-beans are a food with high protein. Dry-beans can be used as processed food products for emergency conditions such as famine, natural disasters, and war. Dry-beans can be used as a long-lasting product. To identify types of beans, manual work certainly requires a lot of time and effort. Therefore, creating a system that can classify beans in a computerized system is necessary. In this study, we classified beans using public data from Koklu. The data consists of sixteen features, seven classes with 13,611 rows. The data for each class of bean is unbalanced, so it is necessary to carry out a balanced dataset using random oversampling. Machine learning for classification using Decision Tree and Random Forest. Apart from that, hyperparameter tuning with randomize search for the number of trees 50, 75, 150, 200, and 300. The test results show that the Random Forest’s accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score reach 0.9658 respectively. The best parameter number of trees is 300.
{"title":"Beans classification using decision tree and random forest with randomized search hyperparameter tuning","authors":"","doi":"10.28919/cmbn/8225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28919/cmbn/8225","url":null,"abstract":"Dry-beans are a food with high protein. Dry-beans can be used as processed food products for emergency conditions such as famine, natural disasters, and war. Dry-beans can be used as a long-lasting product. To identify types of beans, manual work certainly requires a lot of time and effort. Therefore, creating a system that can classify beans in a computerized system is necessary. In this study, we classified beans using public data from Koklu. The data consists of sixteen features, seven classes with 13,611 rows. The data for each class of bean is unbalanced, so it is necessary to carry out a balanced dataset using random oversampling. Machine learning for classification using Decision Tree and Random Forest. Apart from that, hyperparameter tuning with randomize search for the number of trees 50, 75, 150, 200, and 300. The test results show that the Random Forest’s accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score reach 0.9658 respectively. The best parameter number of trees is 300.","PeriodicalId":44079,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135448705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to pose a significant global health burden, necessitating the development of accurate and effective mathematical models to understand its transmission dynamics and devise optimal control strategies. In this research paper, we present a fractional order model for Hepatitis B virus transmission, incorporating the complexities of memory effects and non-local interactions in disease spread. The proposed fractional order model is formulated as a system of differential equations, with distinct compartments. We employ fractional order derivatives to capture the long-term memory and non-local interactions inherent in HBV transmission, offering a more realistic representation of the epidemic dynamics. To assess the stability and control potential of the model, we conduct rigorous mathematical analysis. The basic reproduction number is computed using the next generation matrix approach to determine the disease’s potential for spreading in the population. Critical points of the model are identified, and disease-free equilibrium points are obtained to assess their stability conditions. Furthermore, we derive endemic equilibrium points for the model, and their stability is analyzed using Jacobian transformation.To optimize control measures, sensitivity analysis of the model parameters is performed to identify influential factors affecting disease transmission. Numerical simulations of the fractional order model are implemented using the Adams-type Predictor-Corrector method, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies in curbing the spread of HBV.
{"title":"Modeling and control of hepatitis B virus transmission dynamics using fractional order differential equations","authors":"","doi":"10.28919/cmbn/8174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28919/cmbn/8174","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to pose a significant global health burden, necessitating the development of accurate and effective mathematical models to understand its transmission dynamics and devise optimal control strategies. In this research paper, we present a fractional order model for Hepatitis B virus transmission, incorporating the complexities of memory effects and non-local interactions in disease spread. The proposed fractional order model is formulated as a system of differential equations, with distinct compartments. We employ fractional order derivatives to capture the long-term memory and non-local interactions inherent in HBV transmission, offering a more realistic representation of the epidemic dynamics. To assess the stability and control potential of the model, we conduct rigorous mathematical analysis. The basic reproduction number is computed using the next generation matrix approach to determine the disease’s potential for spreading in the population. Critical points of the model are identified, and disease-free equilibrium points are obtained to assess their stability conditions. Furthermore, we derive endemic equilibrium points for the model, and their stability is analyzed using Jacobian transformation.To optimize control measures, sensitivity analysis of the model parameters is performed to identify influential factors affecting disease transmission. Numerical simulations of the fractional order model are implemented using the Adams-type Predictor-Corrector method, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies in curbing the spread of HBV.","PeriodicalId":44079,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136202370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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