Pub Date : 2020-10-10DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4403
F. Binesh, A. Hashemi, Nazila Naghibzadeh, F. Pourhosseini, S. Mirhosseini
Background: Given that Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) accounts for 5%–6% of pediatric malignancies, we investigated the clinical characteristics and survival of pediatric patients with HL in our center. Materials and methods: In this cross sectional and retrospective study, the medical charts of all patients under the age of 18 diagnosed with HL from 2006 to 2016 at Shahid Sadoughi Hospital Yazd, Iran, were retrieved. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 18) using K square and T-Test. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox regression method. Results: This study included 34 patients. In terms of gender, there were 20 boys and 14 girls in this study. The mean age of the patients was 10.42 years. The most common subtype of HL was mixed cellularity. Regarding disease stage, 55.9% of the patients were in stage I. All subtypes except for nodular sclerosis were more common in boys. The mean survival of patients in this study was 151.68 months. At the end of the study, there was just one death. The 5-year survival of patients was 100% and the 10-year survival was 94%. There was no significant relationship between survival and sex, histologic subtype, or the stage of the disease. Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that majority of our patients had been diagnosed in a low stage and we achieved the best results for 5- and 10- year- overall survival through applied treatment.
{"title":"Evaluation of clinicopathologic and Survival Characteristic of Childhood and Adolescent Hodgkin's lymphoma","authors":"F. Binesh, A. Hashemi, Nazila Naghibzadeh, F. Pourhosseini, S. Mirhosseini","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4403","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Given that Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) accounts for 5%–6% of pediatric malignancies, we investigated the clinical characteristics and survival of pediatric patients with HL in our center. \u0000Materials and methods: In this cross sectional and retrospective study, the medical charts of all patients under the age of 18 diagnosed with HL from 2006 to 2016 at Shahid Sadoughi Hospital Yazd, Iran, were retrieved. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 18) using K square and T-Test. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox regression method. \u0000Results: This study included 34 patients. In terms of gender, there were 20 boys and 14 girls in this study. The mean age of the patients was 10.42 years. The most common subtype of HL was mixed cellularity. Regarding disease stage, 55.9% of the patients were in stage I. All subtypes except for nodular sclerosis were more common in boys. The mean survival of patients in this study was 151.68 months. At the end of the study, there was just one death. The 5-year survival of patients was 100% and the 10-year survival was 94%. There was no significant relationship between survival and sex, histologic subtype, or the stage of the disease. \u0000Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that majority of our patients had been diagnosed in a low stage and we achieved the best results for 5- and 10- year- overall survival through applied treatment.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76075256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-10DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4409
G. Tamaddon, M. Bahraini, A. Fazeli
Background: Transcription factors (TFs) play a key role in the development, therapy, and relapse of B-cell malignancies, such as B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). Given the essential function of Forkhead box protein P1 (FOXP1) transcription factor in the early development of B-cells, this study was designed to evaluate FOXP1 gene expression levels in pediatric BCP-ALL patients and NALM6 cell-line. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was done on the NALM6 cell-line and bone marrow specimens of 23 pediatric BCP-ALL patients (median age: 7.5 years; range: 2.0 – 15.0 years) at different clinical stages including new diagnosis, 15th day after the treatment, and relapse. Also, 10 healthy children were included as the control group. FOXP1 gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR). The correlation analysis was performed between the FOXP1 gene expression and patients’ demographic and laboratory characteristics. Results: The results showed that FOXP1 gene expression was significantly downregulated in the NALM-6 cellline (median=0.05, P<0.001) and patients at new diagnosis (median=0.06, p<0.0001), and relapse (median=0.001, p<0.0001) phases, compared to the control group (median=0.08). FOXP1 gene expression on the 15th day of the treatment was significantly higher than its level at the new diagnosis stage (p<0.001). Moreover, FOXP1 gene was significantly downregulated in the relapse phase compared to the new diagnosis. Patients whose number of bone marrow blasts on the 15th day of the treatment was below 5% had higher FOXP1 gene expression at the diagnosis phase (Spearman’s correlation, P<0.05, r=-0.485) and higher ratio of diagnosis/day 15 (p<0.001, Mann-
{"title":"Evaluation of FOXP1 gene expression in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients at remission induction therapy","authors":"G. Tamaddon, M. Bahraini, A. Fazeli","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4409","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Transcription factors (TFs) play a key role in the development, therapy, and relapse of B-cell malignancies, such as B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). Given the essential function of Forkhead box protein P1 (FOXP1) transcription factor in the early development of B-cells, this study was designed to evaluate FOXP1 gene expression levels in pediatric BCP-ALL patients and NALM6 cell-line. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was done on the NALM6 cell-line and bone marrow specimens of 23 pediatric BCP-ALL patients (median age: 7.5 years; range: 2.0 – 15.0 years) at different clinical stages including new diagnosis, 15th day after the treatment, and relapse. Also, 10 healthy children were included as the control group. FOXP1 gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR). The correlation analysis was performed between the FOXP1 gene expression and patients’ demographic and laboratory characteristics. Results: The results showed that FOXP1 gene expression was significantly downregulated in the NALM-6 cellline (median=0.05, P<0.001) and patients at new diagnosis (median=0.06, p<0.0001), and relapse (median=0.001, p<0.0001) phases, compared to the control group (median=0.08). FOXP1 gene expression on the 15th day of the treatment was significantly higher than its level at the new diagnosis stage (p<0.001). Moreover, FOXP1 gene was significantly downregulated in the relapse phase compared to the new diagnosis. Patients whose number of bone marrow blasts on the 15th day of the treatment was below 5% had higher FOXP1 gene expression at the diagnosis phase (Spearman’s correlation, P<0.05, r=-0.485) and higher ratio of diagnosis/day 15 (p<0.001, Mann-","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":"257-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42009076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-10DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4410
M. Sanaei, F. Kavoosi, F. Modaresi
The basic unit of chromatin is a nucleosome included an octamer of the four core histones and 147 base pairs of DNA. Posttranslational histones modifications affect chromatin structure resulting in gene expression changes. CpG islands hypermethylation within the gene promoter regions and the deacetylation of histone proteins are the most common epigenetic modifications. The aberrant patterns of methylation localized in normally unmethylated CPG islands mediate chromatin compaction resulting in gene silencing and cancer induction. The current review article aimed to assess and analyze the available literature on the tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) hypermethylation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). For this review article, the suitable studies were obtained by searching PubMed, SCOPUS, NCBI, and Ovid database from 1995 up to September 2018 with the MeSH terms combined with free terms. A total 1483 Items were identified in SCOPUS (n = 459), PubMed (n = 832), Ovid (n = 118), and other reference sources (n = 74). After the assessment, 73 manuscripts were included in the current study. In total, 13 genes were found to have the most effect on HCC. Therefore, we selected them to evaluate as candidate genes in this cancer. TSGs can affect cell cycle during various stages of the cycle an at the cell cycle checkpoints. The hypermethylation of these genes results in chromatin compaction and TSGs silencing which induces HCC.
{"title":"DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes in hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"M. Sanaei, F. Kavoosi, F. Modaresi","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4410","url":null,"abstract":"The basic unit of chromatin is a nucleosome included an octamer of the four core histones and 147 base pairs of DNA. Posttranslational histones modifications affect chromatin structure resulting in gene expression changes. CpG islands hypermethylation within the gene promoter regions and the deacetylation of histone proteins are the most common epigenetic modifications. The aberrant patterns of methylation localized in normally unmethylated CPG islands mediate chromatin compaction resulting in gene silencing and cancer induction. The current review article aimed to assess and analyze the available literature on the tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) hypermethylation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). For this review article, the suitable studies were obtained by searching PubMed, SCOPUS, NCBI, and Ovid database from 1995 up to September 2018 with the MeSH terms combined with free terms. A total 1483 Items were identified in SCOPUS (n = 459), PubMed (n = 832), Ovid (n = 118), and other reference sources (n = 74). After the assessment, 73 manuscripts were included in the current study. In total, 13 genes were found to have the most effect on HCC. Therefore, we selected them to evaluate as candidate genes in this cancer. TSGs can affect cell cycle during various stages of the cycle an at the cell cycle checkpoints. The hypermethylation of these genes results in chromatin compaction and TSGs silencing which induces HCC.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":"266-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42101967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-10DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4412
F. Ferdosian, F. Binesh, Marzie Vaghefi, E. Sanaei
Kikuchi Fujimoto Disease (KFD), also known as necrotic histiocystic lymphadenitis, is a condition with unknown etiology. Probably, infectious, viral, and also autoimmune etiologies, especially lupus erythematosus, contribute to this disorder. The common signs are lymphadenopathy along with fever and leukopenia. Our case was a13-year-old boy with fever of unknown origin. He underwent ordinary fever of unknow origin (FUO) investigations and the only positive finding on his examination was lymphadenopathic fever of posterior cervical chain. The results of primary tests and also cultures of blood and urine samples did not have any specific contribution to diagnosis of infectious causes. Besides, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy led to the exclusion of chances of lymphoma or other malignancies. Finally, diagnosis of KFD was confirmed by the use of dissection of cervical lymph nodes and also via immunohistochemical tests and simultaneous positive antinuclear antibody (ANA). Hence, the patient was put on suitable medical treatment for lupus. Given the rare demonstrations of this case, i.e., the male sex and fever of unknown origin, and also the positive ANA despite clear clinical symptoms of lupus, this case was presented to provide both proper education and make a faster and more appropriate diagnosis.
{"title":"Kikuchi Fujimoto Disease with Rare Demonstrations Associated with Lupus Erythematosus without Obvious Clinical Symptoms: A Case Report","authors":"F. Ferdosian, F. Binesh, Marzie Vaghefi, E. Sanaei","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4412","url":null,"abstract":"Kikuchi Fujimoto Disease (KFD), also known as necrotic histiocystic lymphadenitis, is a condition with unknown etiology. Probably, infectious, viral, and also autoimmune etiologies, especially lupus erythematosus, contribute to this disorder. The common signs are lymphadenopathy along with fever and leukopenia. Our case was a13-year-old boy with fever of unknown origin. He underwent ordinary fever of unknow origin (FUO) investigations and the only positive finding on his examination was lymphadenopathic fever of posterior cervical chain. The results of primary tests and also cultures of blood and urine samples did not have any specific contribution to diagnosis of infectious causes. Besides, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy led to the exclusion of chances of lymphoma or other malignancies. Finally, diagnosis of KFD was confirmed by the use of dissection of cervical lymph nodes and also via immunohistochemical tests and simultaneous positive antinuclear antibody (ANA). Hence, the patient was put on suitable medical treatment for lupus. Given the rare demonstrations of this case, i.e., the male sex and fever of unknown origin, and also the positive ANA despite clear clinical symptoms of lupus, this case was presented to provide both proper education and make a faster and more appropriate diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":"284-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44020702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Creating a new berberine liposome with high encapsulation efficiency and slow release formulation in the treatment of cancer is a new issue. Therefore, the aim of current study was to develop slow release berberinecontaining nanoliposome for delivery to bone cancer cells Saos2. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, after synthesis nanoliposomal formulation, physical parameters, including size, zeta potential, and drug loading, in liposome were assessed using different techniques. Saos2 cell line was incubated in micro-plates containing Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and FBS at 37 ̊C and 5% CO2. Cytotoxicity of nanoliposome was assessed using MTT assay. The release of drug from nanoliposome was assessed by dialysis method. P< 0.05 was assumed significant. Results: The size of drug-free nanoliposome and drug nanoliposome (berberine-nanoliposome) was 112.1 and 114.9 nm, respectively. The zeta potential of drug-free nanoliposome and drugnanoliposome was –16.1 and – 1.9 mv, respectively. There was no significant difference between control and drug-free nanoliposome groups regarding viability (p>0.05). The viability of cells in different concentration of nanoliposome containing berberines in Saos2 cell line was significantly higher than that in free berberines (p<0.05). The release of berberine at temperature 37 o C and pH 7.4 showed that approximately 47% of the drug was released in the first 12 hours of study and then the slow release of drug was continued. IC50 value of free berberine and berberine containing nanoliposome was 137.3 and 52.2 μg / ml, respectively. Conclusion: According to these findings, IC50 value of free berberine was 2.67 times more than berberine containing nanoliposome, indicating that nanoliposome containing berberine had more inhibition on growth of cancer cells than free berberine. In addition, the drug release was slow exposing the drug to the tumor for longer time at a lower dose and fewer injections, increasing the effect of the drug on cancer cells.
{"title":"Development of Slow Release Berberine- Containing Nanoliposome for Delivery to Bone Cancer Cells Saos2","authors":"BiBi Fatemeh Haghir Alsadat, Zeinab Amirpour, Behrad Nafisi","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v10i4.4405","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Creating a new berberine liposome with high encapsulation efficiency and slow release formulation in the treatment of cancer is a new issue. Therefore, the aim of current study was to develop slow release berberinecontaining nanoliposome for delivery to bone cancer cells Saos2. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, after synthesis nanoliposomal formulation, physical parameters, including size, zeta potential, and drug loading, in liposome were assessed using different techniques. Saos2 cell line was incubated in micro-plates containing Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and FBS at 37 ̊C and 5% CO2. Cytotoxicity of nanoliposome was assessed using MTT assay. The release of drug from nanoliposome was assessed by dialysis method. P< 0.05 was assumed significant. Results: The size of drug-free nanoliposome and drug nanoliposome (berberine-nanoliposome) was 112.1 and 114.9 nm, respectively. The zeta potential of drug-free nanoliposome and drugnanoliposome was –16.1 and – 1.9 mv, respectively. There was no significant difference between control and drug-free nanoliposome groups regarding viability (p>0.05). The viability of cells in different concentration of nanoliposome containing berberines in Saos2 cell line was significantly higher than that in free berberines (p<0.05). The release of berberine at temperature 37 o C and pH 7.4 showed that approximately 47% of the drug was released in the first 12 hours of study and then the slow release of drug was continued. IC50 value of free berberine and berberine containing nanoliposome was 137.3 and 52.2 μg / ml, respectively. Conclusion: According to these findings, IC50 value of free berberine was 2.67 times more than berberine containing nanoliposome, indicating that nanoliposome containing berberine had more inhibition on growth of cancer cells than free berberine. In addition, the drug release was slow exposing the drug to the tumor for longer time at a lower dose and fewer injections, increasing the effect of the drug on cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":"221-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45399701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-05DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2170
M. Hashemieh
Improved survival among transfusion dependent thalassemia patients in recent years has led to the manifestation of morbidities such as renal dysfunction. Renal injury is still an underestimated complication in β thalassemia major patients. Chronic anemia, iron overload due to repeated transfusion, and specific iron chelators are the main factors in pathogenesis of renal dysfunction in β thalassemia. Early identification of this morbidity allows us to delay the progression of kidney damage and therefore reduce renal impairment. In recent decades , novel biomarkers for early recognition of renal dysfunction have been studied in thalassemic patients, such as cystatin C, beta 2 microglobulin , alpha 1 microglobulin, N-acetyl beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocaline (NGAL) , kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) , liver type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), and retinol binding protein (RBP). In this review, renal aspects of thalassemia with focus on novel biomarkers were discussed.
近年来，输血依赖型地中海贫血患者生存率的提高导致了肾功能障碍等疾病的出现。肾损伤仍然是β地中海贫血主要患者中被低估的并发症。慢性贫血、反复输血引起的铁超载和特异性铁螯合剂是β地中海贫血肾功能障碍的主要发病因素。这种疾病的早期识别使我们能够延缓肾脏损害的进展，从而减少肾脏损害。近几十年来，人们对地中海贫血患者早期识别肾功能障碍的新生物标志物进行了研究，如半胱抑素C、β 2微球蛋白、α 1微球蛋白、n -乙酰β - d -氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂碱性(NGAL)、肾损伤分子1 (KIM-1)、肝型脂肪酸结合蛋白(L-FABP)和视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)。本文综述了地中海贫血的肾脏方面，重点讨论了新的生物标志物。
{"title":"Early Detection of Renal Dysfunction in β Thalassemia with Focus on Novel Biomarkers","authors":"M. Hashemieh","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2170","url":null,"abstract":"Improved survival among transfusion dependent thalassemia patients in recent years has led to the manifestation of morbidities such as renal dysfunction. Renal injury is still an underestimated complication in β thalassemia major patients. Chronic anemia, iron overload due to repeated transfusion, and specific iron chelators are the main factors in pathogenesis of renal dysfunction in β thalassemia. Early identification of this morbidity allows us to delay the progression of kidney damage and therefore reduce renal impairment. In recent decades , novel biomarkers for early recognition of renal dysfunction have been studied in thalassemic patients, such as cystatin C, beta 2 microglobulin , alpha 1 microglobulin, N-acetyl beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocaline (NGAL) , kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) , liver type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), and retinol binding protein (RBP). In this review, renal aspects of thalassemia with focus on novel biomarkers were discussed.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":"57-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46004487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-05DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2169
Robab Naghibzadeh, N. Obeidi, Alireza Farsinejd, Gholamreza Khamisipour, Masoud Tohid Far
BackgroundDue to the estrogen participation in modulating the proliferation and commitment of stem cells and the effects of miR-21 and miR-155 expression on reduced proliferation and colony formation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of estradiol on expression of miR-21 and miR-155 in the NB4 cell line, as an acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).Materials and MethodsIn the present experiment, NB4 cells were treated with different quantities of estradiol (5, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250 μg/ml) and vehicle control for 24 and 48 hours. Viability, apoptosis, and cellular proliferation were estimated by trypan blue exclusion, flow cytometry, and MTT assays, respectively. The level of miR-155 and miR-21 expression was studied using absolute quantitative real-time PCR.ResultsResults showed that estradiol in the effective dose (200 μg/ml) led to decreased cellular viability (in a dose dependent manner, P = 0.004) and apoptosis of NB4 cells. In addition, the expressions of miR-155 and miR-21 were significantly and dose-dependently decreased (p<0.05).ConclusionEstradiol at the effective dose caused apoptosis in NB4 cell line. This substance can be used as a drug for the treatment of APL. However, further assessments are needed to support the effectiveness of estradiol in the treatment of APL.
{"title":"Effect of Estradiol on miR-21& miR-155 Expression in promyelocytic leukemia-derived cell line NB4","authors":"Robab Naghibzadeh, N. Obeidi, Alireza Farsinejd, Gholamreza Khamisipour, Masoud Tohid Far","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2169","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundDue to the estrogen participation in modulating the proliferation and commitment of stem cells and the effects of miR-21 and miR-155 expression on reduced proliferation and colony formation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of estradiol on expression of miR-21 and miR-155 in the NB4 cell line, as an acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).Materials and MethodsIn the present experiment, NB4 cells were treated with different quantities of estradiol (5, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250 μg/ml) and vehicle control for 24 and 48 hours. Viability, apoptosis, and cellular proliferation were estimated by trypan blue exclusion, flow cytometry, and MTT assays, respectively. The level of miR-155 and miR-21 expression was studied using absolute quantitative real-time PCR.ResultsResults showed that estradiol in the effective dose (200 μg/ml) led to decreased cellular viability (in a dose dependent manner, P = 0.004) and apoptosis of NB4 cells. In addition, the expressions of miR-155 and miR-21 were significantly and dose-dependently decreased (p<0.05).ConclusionEstradiol at the effective dose caused apoptosis in NB4 cell line. This substance can be used as a drug for the treatment of APL. However, further assessments are needed to support the effectiveness of estradiol in the treatment of APL.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43150455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-05DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2164
M. Mousavi, Hasanzadeh, Arefeh Adelnia, Golrokh Farokhmehr, S. Mehrabi, Siam Zahedi, Aigin Eghbali, A. Eghbali
BackgroundNausea and vomiting are the common side-effects of chemotherapy in children with malignancy. In this study, the effectiveness of vitamin B6 in reducing the chemo-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in children was tested.Material and methodsA triple-blind clinical trials was performed on 100 children with malignancy referring to the pediatric clinic of Amir Kabir Hospital, Arak, Iran. Besides the infusion of granisetron (3mg/3ml) half an hour before each chemotherapy cycle, an intravenous dose of vitamin B6 (100 mg for children from 2 to 5 years old, 200 mg for children from 5 to 10 years old, and 300 mg for children older than 10) was given 6 hours before the first chemotherapy cycle and placebo was injected (2-5 years old: 100 mg, 5-10 years old: 200 mg, age≥ 10 years old: 300mg) 6 hours before the second cycle. Then the severity of nausea and the frequency of vomiting episodes in each cycle were recorded to be compared. ResultsThe mean age of children was 7.98 ± 3.133 years old. The most common and rare malignancy were acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (46%) and ependymoma (0.5%), respectively. Vincristin was the most commonly used chemotherapy agent (28%). A positive correlation between the severity of nausea(R=0.313, P-value=0.0016) and frequency of vomiting with age was found (R=0.319, P-value=0.0012). However, no noticeable association was observed between N/V and gender (P-value.0.05). There was a considerable correlation between the frequency of vomiting and different tumor types in this study (P-value=0.0006).In comparison with placebo, Vitamin B6 significantly reduced the severity of nausea (P = 0.0001) as well as the frequency of vomiting (P-value = 0.0005). It was also more effective in ALL compared to rhabdomyosarcoma (P-value=0.001).ConclusionThis study suggested that vitamin B6 can be considered as an appropriate alternative to treat CINV in children with malignancy.
{"title":"The effect of Vitamin B6 on chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric cancer","authors":"M. Mousavi, Hasanzadeh, Arefeh Adelnia, Golrokh Farokhmehr, S. Mehrabi, Siam Zahedi, Aigin Eghbali, A. Eghbali","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2164","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundNausea and vomiting are the common side-effects of chemotherapy in children with malignancy. In this study, the effectiveness of vitamin B6 in reducing the chemo-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in children was tested.Material and methodsA triple-blind clinical trials was performed on 100 children with malignancy referring to the pediatric clinic of Amir Kabir Hospital, Arak, Iran. Besides the infusion of granisetron (3mg/3ml) half an hour before each chemotherapy cycle, an intravenous dose of vitamin B6 (100 mg for children from 2 to 5 years old, 200 mg for children from 5 to 10 years old, and 300 mg for children older than 10) was given 6 hours before the first chemotherapy cycle and placebo was injected (2-5 years old: 100 mg, 5-10 years old: 200 mg, age≥ 10 years old: 300mg) 6 hours before the second cycle. Then the severity of nausea and the frequency of vomiting episodes in each cycle were recorded to be compared. ResultsThe mean age of children was 7.98 ± 3.133 years old. The most common and rare malignancy were acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (46%) and ependymoma (0.5%), respectively. Vincristin was the most commonly used chemotherapy agent (28%). A positive correlation between the severity of nausea(R=0.313, P-value=0.0016) and frequency of vomiting with age was found (R=0.319, P-value=0.0012). However, no noticeable association was observed between N/V and gender (P-value.0.05). There was a considerable correlation between the frequency of vomiting and different tumor types in this study (P-value=0.0006).In comparison with placebo, Vitamin B6 significantly reduced the severity of nausea (P = 0.0001) as well as the frequency of vomiting (P-value = 0.0005). It was also more effective in ALL compared to rhabdomyosarcoma (P-value=0.001).ConclusionThis study suggested that vitamin B6 can be considered as an appropriate alternative to treat CINV in children with malignancy.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44325353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-05DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2166
M. A. Farsani, Esmaeil Shahabi Satlsar, A. Mohseni, M. Mosleh, Mahdieh Mehrpouri, Mahnaz Agaeipour, M. Mohammadi, Roohollah Gholampour, F. Jadali
Background: Hematogones are normal B-cell precursor which can be seen in different physiological and pathological conditions. Due to variation in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) blasts immunophenotyping and interference of hematogones in minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment, precise discrimination of hematogones is very crucial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression pattern of surface markers in hematogones and compare them with lymphoblasts. Material and Methods: In this applied study, flow cytometric analysis was performed using Coulter FC-500 and MXP software in 4-color combination and 6 different tubes. In this study, 85 patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were evaluated. Out of these patients, 45 were boys and 40 were girls. Patients aged from 1 to 15 years old. In addition, 27 bone marrow samples from other patients aged 4 to 18 years were included in this investigation. These samples had been obtained for other diagnostic purposes, such as immune thrombocytopenic purpura and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Results: During flow cytometric analysis, hematogones showed expressions of CD19, CD20, CD22, CD10, CD45, CD81, CD123, CD9, CD34 (partial expression), and tdt (partial expression). In these patients, hematgones were negative for CD66c expression. Lymphoblastic cells were positive for CD19, CD20 (in some cases), CD22, CD10, CD45, CD81, CD123, CD58, CD9, CD66c, CD34 (in most cases), and TDT. CD81 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in hematogones was higher than that in lymphoblasts. (112.5 (30-251) vs. 17.5 (5-30); P<0.0001) Conclusion: According to findings of this study, it seems that the use of CD81, CD58, CD123, CD66c, CD9, and CD81 MFI in combination with B-Cells associated markers can be very effective in differentiating hematogone from lymphoblast.
{"title":"Use of Four-Color Flow Cytometric Assay for Discrimination of Hematogone from Lymphoblast: Critical Issue for MRD Assessment in B-ALL Patients","authors":"M. A. Farsani, Esmaeil Shahabi Satlsar, A. Mohseni, M. Mosleh, Mahdieh Mehrpouri, Mahnaz Agaeipour, M. Mohammadi, Roohollah Gholampour, F. Jadali","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2166","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hematogones are normal B-cell precursor which can be seen in different physiological and pathological conditions. Due to variation in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) blasts immunophenotyping and interference of hematogones in minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment, precise discrimination of hematogones is very crucial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression pattern of surface markers in hematogones and compare them with lymphoblasts. \u0000Material and Methods: In this applied study, flow cytometric analysis was performed using Coulter FC-500 and MXP software in 4-color combination and 6 different tubes. In this study, 85 patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were evaluated. Out of these patients, 45 were boys and 40 were girls. Patients aged from 1 to 15 years old. In addition, 27 bone marrow samples from other patients aged 4 to 18 years were included in this investigation. These samples had been obtained for other diagnostic purposes, such as immune thrombocytopenic purpura and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. \u0000Results: During flow cytometric analysis, hematogones showed expressions of CD19, CD20, CD22, CD10, CD45, CD81, CD123, CD9, CD34 (partial expression), and tdt (partial expression). In these patients, hematgones were negative for CD66c expression. Lymphoblastic cells were positive for CD19, CD20 (in some cases), CD22, CD10, CD45, CD81, CD123, CD58, CD9, CD66c, CD34 (in most cases), and TDT. CD81 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in hematogones was higher than that in lymphoblasts. (112.5 (30-251) vs. 17.5 (5-30); P<0.0001) \u0000Conclusion: According to findings of this study, it seems that the use of CD81, CD58, CD123, CD66c, CD9, and CD81 MFI in combination with B-Cells associated markers can be very effective in differentiating hematogone from lymphoblast.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":"17-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47124182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-05DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2167
Tohid Rostamian, F. Pourrajab, S. Hekmatimoghaddam
Background: 6-thioguanine (6-TG) is one of the thiopurine drugs with successful use in oncology, especially for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). 6-TG is proposed to act as an epigenetic drug affecting DNA methylation. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of 6-TG on the proliferation, viability and expression of genes coding for the enzymes DNA methyltransferase 3A and DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMTs) as well as histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in the human B cell-ALL cell line Nalm6. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, Nalm6 cells and also normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were grown in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. They were then treated with 6-TG at their exponential growth phase. Cell viability was monitored using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader. The expressions of the above-mentioned 3 genes were quantified using real-time PCR. Results: 6-TG could inhibit the proliferation of Nalm6 cells and decrease their viability. In Nalm6 cells, as compared to normal PBMCs, 6-TG significantly decreased HDAC3 (p = 0.008) as well as DNMT3B (p = 0.003) gene expressions, but increased the expression of DNMT3A gene (p = 0.02) after normalization to GAPDH, as the housekeeping gene. Conclusion: These findings suggested that the altered expression of DNMT3A, DNMT3B and HDAC3 genes was responsible for at least part of the antitumoral properties of 6-TG, providing an insight into mechanism of its action as an epigenetic drug.
{"title":"The Effect of 6-Thioguanine on Proliferation, Viability and Expression of the Genes DNMT 3A, DNMT 3B and HDAC3 in Lymphoid Cancer Cell Line Nalm6","authors":"Tohid Rostamian, F. Pourrajab, S. Hekmatimoghaddam","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v10i1.2167","url":null,"abstract":"Background: 6-thioguanine (6-TG) is one of the thiopurine drugs with successful use in oncology, especially for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). 6-TG is proposed to act as an epigenetic drug affecting DNA methylation. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of 6-TG on the proliferation, viability and expression of genes coding for the enzymes DNA methyltransferase 3A and DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMTs) as well as histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in the human B cell-ALL cell line Nalm6. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, Nalm6 cells and also normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were grown in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. They were then treated with 6-TG at their exponential growth phase. Cell viability was monitored using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader. The expressions of the above-mentioned 3 genes were quantified using real-time PCR. \u0000Results: 6-TG could inhibit the proliferation of Nalm6 cells and decrease their viability. In Nalm6 cells, as compared to normal PBMCs, 6-TG significantly decreased HDAC3 (p = 0.008) as well as DNMT3B (p = 0.003) gene expressions, but increased the expression of DNMT3A gene (p = 0.02) after normalization to GAPDH, as the housekeeping gene. \u0000Conclusion: These findings suggested that the altered expression of DNMT3A, DNMT3B and HDAC3 genes was responsible for at least part of the antitumoral properties of 6-TG, providing an insight into mechanism of its action as an epigenetic drug.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75867083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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