Pub Date : 2022-01-12DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v12i1.8356
Shervin Dokht Farhangfar, F. Fesahat, Sayed Mohsen Miresmaeili, H. Zare-Zardini
Background: Gensenoside Rh2 is an anticancer drug with low toxicity and stability in the body. The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood toxicity of functionalized graphene-arginine with anticancer drug ginsenoside Rh2 in balb/c mouse model with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Graphene-Arginine (G-Arg) and Graphene-Arginine-ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Arg-Rh2) were synthesized using microwave method. For evaluation of blood toxicity, 32 mice with breast tumors were randomly divided into 4 groups: control (3mg/kg 6 mg / kg PBS sterile), group 1 (6 mg / kg ginsenoside), group 2 (3 mg / kg G-Arg), and group 3 (3 mg / kg G-Arg-Rh2). Treatment was done intravenously once every three days for 32 days. Finally, blood factors were also examined by sampling from the heart. Results: Complete functionalization was proven by FTIR and Raman. Examination of blood factors showed that white blood cells had a very small increase. Anova test showed significant difference among four groups in term of WBC count (p=0.016). Pair sample T test showed that there was significant difference between control and group 1(p=0.036) and control and group 2 (p=0.036). There was no significant difference between control and group 3 (p=0.051). Other blood factors had no significant difference among examined groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Based on results, after treatment with all designed nanostructures, only white blood cells had a very small increase and inflammatory reactions were statistically similar in all groups. This indicates the high efficiency of designed drug.
{"title":"Evaluating the blood toxicity of functionalized graphene-arginine with anticancer drug ginsenoside Rh2 in balb/c mouse model with breast cancer","authors":"Shervin Dokht Farhangfar, F. Fesahat, Sayed Mohsen Miresmaeili, H. Zare-Zardini","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v12i1.8356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v12i1.8356","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gensenoside Rh2 is an anticancer drug with low toxicity and stability in the body. The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood toxicity of functionalized graphene-arginine with anticancer drug ginsenoside Rh2 in balb/c mouse model with breast cancer. \u0000Materials and Methods: Graphene-Arginine (G-Arg) and Graphene-Arginine-ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Arg-Rh2) were synthesized using microwave method. For evaluation of blood toxicity, 32 mice with breast tumors were randomly divided into 4 groups: control (3mg/kg 6 mg / kg PBS sterile), group 1 (6 mg / kg ginsenoside), group 2 (3 mg / kg G-Arg), and group 3 (3 mg / kg G-Arg-Rh2). Treatment was done intravenously once every three days for 32 days. Finally, blood factors were also examined by sampling from the heart. \u0000Results: Complete functionalization was proven by FTIR and Raman. Examination of blood factors showed that white blood cells had a very small increase. Anova test showed significant difference among four groups in term of WBC count (p=0.016). Pair sample T test showed that there was significant difference between control and group 1(p=0.036) and control and group 2 (p=0.036). There was no significant difference between control and group 3 (p=0.051). Other blood factors had no significant difference among examined groups (p>0.05). \u0000Conclusion: Based on results, after treatment with all designed nanostructures, only white blood cells had a very small increase and inflammatory reactions were statistically similar in all groups. This indicates the high efficiency of designed drug.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88646342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Truth disclosure is one of the major challenges for physicians with cancer patients. The attitude toward breaking news adopted by individuals depends on their cultural background. The present study was conducted at Ardabil University of Medical sciences, Ardabil, Iran, to investigate the attitudes of Turkish-speaking patients with cancer and their families to the disclosure of bad news. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study used convenience sampling to select 62 patients, 76 family members of young and 58 children. The mean age of the patients was 37.29 years, and their majorities were 32-42 years old. The data were collected using the questionnaire proposed by Managheb et al., which included six dimensions, i.e., suitability of the person, suitability of the time, the place, factors affecting the delivery of bad news, amount of disclosed information, and acceptance. Results: Despite the insignificant differences in the total score of attitude between the groups (P=0.23), significant differences were found in terms of suitability of the time (P=0.017) and affecting factors (P=0.007) between children's families. Also, in parents of children, employment made truth acceptance better (p=0.04). The acuteness of the disease increased the total attitude score in all the participants (P=0.047). Significant relationships were also observed between age and accepting truth (P=0.045), male gender and place of disclosing the truth (P=0.004), male gender and amount of disclosed information (P=0.043), as well as owning a house and accepting truth (P=0.002). Moreover, education was negatively related to the person for truth disclosing (P=0.036) and factors affecting the truth disclosing (P=0.015). Conclusion: There are different circumstances and economic impacts in children's families on their tolerance. Given the difficulty of disclosing the truth to the employee and highly-educated individuals, it is recommended that health workers consider individual conditions in these circumstances.
{"title":"A comparative investigation of clients' attitudes toward breaking bad news to patients with cancer","authors":"Akram Alefbae, Masoomeh Agamohammadi, Sevda Gardashkhani, Neda Beazar, Fateme Babaei","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v12i1.8358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v12i1.8358","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Truth disclosure is one of the major challenges for physicians with cancer patients. The attitude toward breaking news adopted by individuals depends on their cultural background. The present study was conducted at Ardabil University of Medical sciences, Ardabil, Iran, to investigate the attitudes of Turkish-speaking patients with cancer and their families to the disclosure of bad news. \u0000Materials and Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study used convenience sampling to select 62 patients, 76 family members of young and 58 children. The mean age of the patients was 37.29 years, and their majorities were 32-42 years old. The data were collected using the questionnaire proposed by Managheb et al., which included six dimensions, i.e., suitability of the person, suitability of the time, the place, factors affecting the delivery of bad news, amount of disclosed information, and acceptance. \u0000Results: Despite the insignificant differences in the total score of attitude between the groups (P=0.23), significant differences were found in terms of suitability of the time (P=0.017) and affecting factors (P=0.007) between children's families. Also, in parents of children, employment made truth acceptance better (p=0.04). The acuteness of the disease increased the total attitude score in all the participants (P=0.047). Significant relationships were also observed between age and accepting truth (P=0.045), male gender and place of disclosing the truth (P=0.004), male gender and amount of disclosed information (P=0.043), as well as owning a house and accepting truth (P=0.002). Moreover, education was negatively related to the person for truth disclosing (P=0.036) and factors affecting the truth disclosing (P=0.015). \u0000Conclusion: There are different circumstances and economic impacts in children's families on their tolerance. Given the difficulty of disclosing the truth to the employee and highly-educated individuals, it is recommended that health workers consider individual conditions in these circumstances.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87032230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-12DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v12i1.8355
Kazem Ghaffari, Simin Sarlak, Abdorrahim Absalan, Roghayeh Rahimi Afzal, A. Eghbali, A. Eghbali
Backgrounds: Epigenetic regulation such as DNA methylation plays a major role in chromatin organization Background: Chemotherapy suppresses immunoglobulin production as a result of cell toxicity. Decreased immunoglobulin levels can result in the onset of opportunistic infections. The aim of the current study is to compare the immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels of the selected vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) before and six months after chemotherapy in a group of Iranian children with malignancies. Materials and Methods: In this interventional study, serum levels of Rubella, Diphtheria toxin, Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Tetanus Toxoid, Mumps, and Measles IgG were measured in 30 children with malignancy and previously vaccinated for these diseases. Six months after chemotherapy, serum IgG levels were reassessed and compared with their corresponding pre-chemotherapy levels. Results: In this study, 17 (56.7%) male and 13 (43.3%) female were included. The mean age was 7.69±3.09 years. After chemotherapy, Rubella IgG levels dropped from 73.88±85.11 to 56.59±72.84 IU/mL (P<0.05; r= 0.956; 33.4% become serum negative (SN)). Diphtheria toxin IgG was diminished from 0.683±0.454 to 0.174±0.248 IU/mL (P<0.05; r=0.601; 26.7% SN). Anti-HBV IgG showed a reduction from 46.26±101.56 to 25.56±80.49 IU/mL (p<0.05; r= 0.524; 60% SN) and Anti-Tetanus Toxoid IgG fell down from 1.031±0.582 to 0.321±0.408 IU/mL (p<0.05; r= 0.365; 33.4% SN). Anti-Measles and Anti-Mumps IgGs showed no significant change (p>0.05). Conclusion: Pediatric chemotherapy was associated with dropped serum IgG levels of most VPDs. A good correlation was also observed between serum levels of IgG before and six months after chemotherapy. Revaccination of children with malignancies may be necessary upon declined serum IgG titers.
{"title":"Dwindled serum IgG levels of Rubella, Diphtheria toxin, Hepatitis B virus and Tetanus Toxoid after chemotherapy; a report from Iranian children with malignancy","authors":"Kazem Ghaffari, Simin Sarlak, Abdorrahim Absalan, Roghayeh Rahimi Afzal, A. Eghbali, A. Eghbali","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v12i1.8355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v12i1.8355","url":null,"abstract":"Backgrounds: Epigenetic regulation such as DNA methylation plays a major role in chromatin organization Background: Chemotherapy suppresses immunoglobulin production as a result of cell toxicity. Decreased immunoglobulin levels can result in the onset of opportunistic infections. The aim of the current study is to compare the immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels of the selected vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) before and six months after chemotherapy in a group of Iranian children with malignancies. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this interventional study, serum levels of Rubella, Diphtheria toxin, Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Tetanus Toxoid, Mumps, and Measles IgG were measured in 30 children with malignancy and previously vaccinated for these diseases. Six months after chemotherapy, serum IgG levels were reassessed and compared with their corresponding pre-chemotherapy levels. \u0000Results: In this study, 17 (56.7%) male and 13 (43.3%) female were included. The mean age was 7.69±3.09 years. After chemotherapy, Rubella IgG levels dropped from 73.88±85.11 to 56.59±72.84 IU/mL (P<0.05; r= 0.956; 33.4% become serum negative (SN)). Diphtheria toxin IgG was diminished from 0.683±0.454 to 0.174±0.248 IU/mL (P<0.05; r=0.601; 26.7% SN). Anti-HBV IgG showed a reduction from 46.26±101.56 to 25.56±80.49 IU/mL (p<0.05; r= 0.524; 60% SN) and Anti-Tetanus Toxoid IgG fell down from 1.031±0.582 to 0.321±0.408 IU/mL (p<0.05; r= 0.365; 33.4% SN). Anti-Measles and Anti-Mumps IgGs showed no significant change (p>0.05). \u0000Conclusion: Pediatric chemotherapy was associated with dropped serum IgG levels of most VPDs. A good correlation was also observed between serum levels of IgG before and six months after chemotherapy. Revaccination of children with malignancies may be necessary upon declined serum IgG titers.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79395458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-12DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7173
Jamal Manoochehri, H. Goodarzi, M. Jafarinia, Hossein Jafari Khamirani, Seyed Mohammad Bagher Tabei
Methemoglobinemia is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by disruptive mutations in the CYB5R3 gene (MIM: 250800). Herein, a novel mutation is reported in an Iranian patient affected with methemoglobinemia type II. In this case study, the patient is precisely described according to the thoroughly carried-out examinations and workups. In so doing, the peripheral blood sample was collected to evaluate the methemoglobin level and NADH-CYB5R3 activity test. Moreover, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was recruited to identify the mutation leading to this disorder. Subsequently, Sanger sequencing was employed to confirm the detected mutation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging was also performed to explore the structure of the brain. As identified by the blood test, the methemoglobin level increased up to 25%, and the NADH-CYB5R3 enzyme activity showed to be 13.8 IU/g of Hb. A novel homozygous mutation in CYB5R3 (NM_001171661: g.23435C>T, c.181C>T, p.R61X, rs1210302322) was identified as the cause of the Methemoglobinemia type II in the proband. This nonsense mutation alters arginine to the stop codon at position 61 of protein in the FAD-binding domain that results in a truncated protein. The MRI revealed brain atrophy and corpus calusom hypoplasticity. It was established that this variation can lead to Methemoglobinemia. The proband demonstrates Methemoglobinemia type II phenotype such as cyanosis, severe mental retardation, microcephaly, as well as developmental delay. The brain MRI revealed brain atrophy and corpus calusom hypoplasticity. The cyanosis symptom is managed by daily ascorbic acid uptake.
{"title":"Severe phenotype of an Iranian patient with methemoglobinemia type II due to a novel mutation in the CYB5R3 gene","authors":"Jamal Manoochehri, H. Goodarzi, M. Jafarinia, Hossein Jafari Khamirani, Seyed Mohammad Bagher Tabei","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7173","url":null,"abstract":"Methemoglobinemia is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by disruptive mutations in the CYB5R3 gene (MIM: 250800). Herein, a novel mutation is reported in an Iranian patient affected with methemoglobinemia type II. In this case study, the patient is precisely described according to the thoroughly carried-out examinations and workups. In so doing, the peripheral blood sample was collected to evaluate the methemoglobin level and NADH-CYB5R3 activity test. Moreover, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was recruited to identify the mutation leading to this disorder. Subsequently, Sanger sequencing was employed to confirm the detected mutation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging was also performed to explore the structure of the brain. As identified by the blood test, the methemoglobin level increased up to 25%, and the NADH-CYB5R3 enzyme activity showed to be 13.8 IU/g of Hb. A novel homozygous mutation in CYB5R3 (NM_001171661: g.23435C>T, c.181C>T, p.R61X, rs1210302322) was identified as the cause of the Methemoglobinemia type II in the proband. This nonsense mutation alters arginine to the stop codon at position 61 of protein in the FAD-binding domain that results in a truncated protein. The MRI revealed brain atrophy and corpus calusom hypoplasticity. It was established that this variation can lead to Methemoglobinemia. The proband demonstrates Methemoglobinemia type II phenotype such as cyanosis, severe mental retardation, microcephaly, as well as developmental delay. The brain MRI revealed brain atrophy and corpus calusom hypoplasticity. The cyanosis symptom is managed by daily ascorbic acid uptake.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87270331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-12DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7170
E. Okulu, Yasemin Ezgi Kostekci, Elvis Kraja, O. Erdeve, S. Arsan, B. Atasay
Background: The aim of this study was to compare the epochs before and after the revision of the transfusion guideline, and determine their effects on transfusion rates and short-term outcomes in preterm infants. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted to investigate the effect of the new transfusion guideline. Infants who were born <32 weeks of gestation and received red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in their first 6-weeks of life were divided into two epochs according to adopting the new transfusion guideline. The demographic and clinical data of the patients were compared between these two periods. Results: Fifty-six infants were included (Period 1, n=22; Period, n=34). The number of transfusions, total and cumulative volume of the transfusions were similar in the two periods. There was an inverse relationship between the gestational age and the number of transfusions in both periods (r=-0.575, p=0.005, and r=-0.494, p=0.003), and there was an inverse relationship between the birth weight and the number of transfusions in period 2 (r=-0.423, p=0.013). The ratio of total phlebotomy volume to estimated total blood volume was higher in period 2 (p=0.029). There was a direct relationship between the phlebotomy loss and volume of RBC transfused in period 2 (r=0.487, p=0.003). The incidence of morbidities was similar in the two periods. Conclusion: Changing only the transfusion protocol did not decrease the transfusion number. Although transfusion guidelines were adopted rigorously, it seems to be impossible to reduce RBC transfusion rates unless anemia prevention strategies were also in place.
{"title":"The Effect of the Transfusion Protocol on Transfusion Rates and Short-term Outcomes of Preterm Infants in a Tertiary Neonatal Intensive Care Unit","authors":"E. Okulu, Yasemin Ezgi Kostekci, Elvis Kraja, O. Erdeve, S. Arsan, B. Atasay","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7170","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study was to compare the epochs before and after the revision of the transfusion guideline, and determine their effects on transfusion rates and short-term outcomes in preterm infants. \u0000Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted to investigate the effect of the new transfusion guideline. Infants who were born <32 weeks of gestation and received red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in their first 6-weeks of life were divided into two epochs according to adopting the new transfusion guideline. The demographic and clinical data of the patients were compared between these two periods. \u0000Results: Fifty-six infants were included (Period 1, n=22; Period, n=34). The number of transfusions, total and cumulative volume of the transfusions were similar in the two periods. There was an inverse relationship between the gestational age and the number of transfusions in both periods (r=-0.575, p=0.005, and r=-0.494, p=0.003), and there was an inverse relationship between the birth weight and the number of transfusions in period 2 (r=-0.423, p=0.013). The ratio of total phlebotomy volume to estimated total blood volume was higher in period 2 (p=0.029). There was a direct relationship between the phlebotomy loss and volume of RBC transfused in period 2 (r=0.487, p=0.003). The incidence of morbidities was similar in the two periods. \u0000Conclusion: Changing only the transfusion protocol did not decrease the transfusion number. Although transfusion guidelines were adopted rigorously, it seems to be impossible to reduce RBC transfusion rates unless anemia prevention strategies were also in place.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74719234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-12DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7166
M. Naderi, Maryam Judi, M. Yazdanparast, Sima SavadKuhi, S. Yaghoubi
Background: Cardiomyopathy usually causes a cardiac dysfunction resistant to treatment due to anthracycline. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in Tei-Index (myocardial performance index) in patients with malignancies treated with anthracycline. Material and Methods: This case-control study was done on 15 children who were treated with low-dose anthracycline (1-199mg/kg) called group A and 15 children who were treated with high dose (>200mg/kg) anthracycline called group B after acquiring consent from their parents. Children with no abnormality in Echo-Doppler results were included in this study. The patients’ age range between 1- 17 years with a mean age of 6.57 years. Another group of healthy children were assigned to group C as a control group who had not received chemotherapy. The first echo was performed right before the treatment and the second one, two weeks after completing chemotherapy. Data were analyzed by the SPSS statistical software. Results: Changes in mean Tei-index in group A were 0.36 ± 0.04 before treatment and 0.43 ± 0.11 after treatment. Changes in mean Tei-index in group B were 0.37 ± 0.04 before treatment and 0.45 ± 0.06 after treatment. There was no significant difference between the two groups using the independent T-test. (p-value= 0.57). No significant correlation between the changes in mean ejection fraction (EF) and treatment was found in the three groups (p-value=0.45). Conclusion: This study showed a change in the Tei-index (MPI) in patients receiving anthracycline; regardless of the dosage, they got in their regimen. Given the use of anthracycline, any abnormal cardiac finding can alert the physicians to the possibility of cardiomyopathy, hence scheduling routine follow-ups are necessary.
{"title":"Evaluation of the changes in Tei-index (myocardial performance index) in Doppler echocardiography before and after treating with anthracycline combinations in children with malignancy","authors":"M. Naderi, Maryam Judi, M. Yazdanparast, Sima SavadKuhi, S. Yaghoubi","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7166","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiomyopathy usually causes a cardiac dysfunction resistant to treatment due to anthracycline. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in Tei-Index (myocardial performance index) in patients with malignancies treated with anthracycline. \u0000Material and Methods: This case-control study was done on 15 children who were treated with low-dose anthracycline (1-199mg/kg) called group A and 15 children who were treated with high dose (>200mg/kg) anthracycline called group B after acquiring consent from their parents. Children with no abnormality in Echo-Doppler results were included in this study. The patients’ age range between 1- 17 years with a mean age of 6.57 years. Another group of healthy children were assigned to group C as a control group who had not received chemotherapy. The first echo was performed right before the treatment and the second one, two weeks after completing chemotherapy. Data were analyzed by the SPSS statistical software. \u0000Results: Changes in mean Tei-index in group A were 0.36 ± 0.04 before treatment and 0.43 ± 0.11 after treatment. Changes in mean Tei-index in group B were 0.37 ± 0.04 before treatment and 0.45 ± 0.06 after treatment. There was no significant difference between the two groups using the independent T-test. (p-value= 0.57). No significant correlation between the changes in mean ejection fraction (EF) and treatment was found in the three groups (p-value=0.45). \u0000Conclusion: This study showed a change in the Tei-index (MPI) in patients receiving anthracycline; regardless of the dosage, they got in their regimen. Given the use of anthracycline, any abnormal cardiac finding can alert the physicians to the possibility of cardiomyopathy, hence scheduling routine follow-ups are necessary.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77790607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-12DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7167
Seyedeh Maryam Hosseini Bandari, Mehdi Allahbakhshian Farsani, Gholamreza Khamisipour
Background: Leukemia accounts for about 8% of all cancers and causes approximately 7% of mortalities due to malignancies. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer and rare in older subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of oxidative stress resistance genes including Catalase, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), Forkhead Box O3 (Foxo3a), and sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) in ALL patients that may be applied for therapeutic purposes in the future. Materials and Methods: In this observational case-control study, blood samples were drawn from 60 newly diagnosed ALL patients and 10 healthy individuals as a control group. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification was performed using specific primers for evaluating the expression of Catalase, MnSOD, Foxo3a, and SIRT1 genes. Results: The expression of all studied genes were significantly higher in ALL patients than in the control group; catalase gene, FOX gene, MnSOD gene, and SIRT1 gene were expressed 4 times (p =0.04), 4.5 times (p =0.001), 2.2 times (p =0.05) and 4.8 (p =0.01) times higher than healthy individuals in the control group respectively. However, no significant relationship between their expression and the stage of the disease and blast percentage was demonstrated (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to these results, the authors believe that the pathways involved in oxidative stress may be one of the most important causes of ALL disease's development and progression. In this regard, targeting the critical genes of these pathways can be considered a potential treatment with fewer side effects.
{"title":"Evaluating the expression of key genes involved in resistance to oxidative stress in ALL patients","authors":"Seyedeh Maryam Hosseini Bandari, Mehdi Allahbakhshian Farsani, Gholamreza Khamisipour","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7167","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Leukemia accounts for about 8% of all cancers and causes approximately 7% of mortalities due to malignancies. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer and rare in older subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of oxidative stress resistance genes including Catalase, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), Forkhead Box O3 (Foxo3a), and sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) in ALL patients that may be applied for therapeutic purposes in the future. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this observational case-control study, blood samples were drawn from 60 newly diagnosed ALL patients and 10 healthy individuals as a control group. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification was performed using specific primers for evaluating the expression of Catalase, MnSOD, Foxo3a, and SIRT1 genes. \u0000Results: The expression of all studied genes were significantly higher in ALL patients than in the control group; catalase gene, FOX gene, MnSOD gene, and SIRT1 gene were expressed 4 times (p =0.04), 4.5 times (p =0.001), 2.2 times (p =0.05) and 4.8 (p =0.01) times higher than healthy individuals in the control group respectively. However, no significant relationship between their expression and the stage of the disease and blast percentage was demonstrated (P>0.05). \u0000Conclusion: According to these results, the authors believe that the pathways involved in oxidative stress may be one of the most important causes of ALL disease's development and progression. In this regard, targeting the critical genes of these pathways can be considered a potential treatment with fewer side effects.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87558259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-12DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7168
Manijeh Tabrizi, H. Badeli, Parmoon Parvari, A. Hassanzadeh Rad
Background: In pediatric care settings, intravenous cannulation (IVC) is usually needed for diverse purposes. Considering the painfulness and invasiveness of sampling by direct venipuncture (DVP), using a painless and less invasive method would be promising. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of substitution of routine DVP with direct blood sampling through IVC on the accuracy of hematologic results. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 5-14-year-old children admitted to the emergency ward of 17th Shahrivar Pediatric Hospital in Rasht, north of Iran. After discarding only one ml of blood, paired-samples were taken from IVC and DVP and analyzed for 30 most frequently requested electrolytes, hematologic, and blood gas tests. The similarity of the obtained results by the two methods indicated the probability of substituting DVP with IVC and was defined by the absence of significant statistical difference (P>0.05). Results: The comparison between the mean of hematologic factors by two methods showed significant similarity between groups regarding all parameters (P>0.05) except the mean of red blood cell count in the two groups (P<0.05). Assessing the level of electrolytes by two collection methods showed that there was a significant similarity between the mean of all parameters (P>0.05) except for phosphorus (P=.002). Furthermore, assessing the level of electrolytes showed a significant similarity between the potential of hydrogen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, and buffer base in the two groups (P>0.05). However, there was a significant difference between partial pressure of oxygen, base excess, and O2 saturation in the two collection methods (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the promising results obtained in this study, it seems that these methods could be interchangeably used, and IVC can be an alternative method for DVP by discarding the minimum amount of blood and less invasiveness in children.
{"title":"The effect of Substituting blood sampling through routine direct venipuncture with intravenous cannulation on the accuracy of hematologic results in children","authors":"Manijeh Tabrizi, H. Badeli, Parmoon Parvari, A. Hassanzadeh Rad","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7168","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In pediatric care settings, intravenous cannulation (IVC) is usually needed for diverse purposes. Considering the painfulness and invasiveness of sampling by direct venipuncture (DVP), using a painless and less invasive method would be promising. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of substitution of routine DVP with direct blood sampling through IVC on the accuracy of hematologic results. \u0000Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 5-14-year-old children admitted to the emergency ward of 17th Shahrivar Pediatric Hospital in Rasht, north of Iran. After discarding only one ml of blood, paired-samples were taken from IVC and DVP and analyzed for 30 most frequently requested electrolytes, hematologic, and blood gas tests. The similarity of the obtained results by the two methods indicated the probability of substituting DVP with IVC and was defined by the absence of significant statistical difference (P>0.05). \u0000Results: The comparison between the mean of hematologic factors by two methods showed significant similarity between groups regarding all parameters (P>0.05) except the mean of red blood cell count in the two groups (P<0.05). Assessing the level of electrolytes by two collection methods showed that there was a significant similarity between the mean of all parameters (P>0.05) except for phosphorus (P=.002). Furthermore, assessing the level of electrolytes showed a significant similarity between the potential of hydrogen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, and buffer base in the two groups (P>0.05). However, there was a significant difference between partial pressure of oxygen, base excess, and O2 saturation in the two collection methods (P<0.05). \u0000Conclusion: Based on the promising results obtained in this study, it seems that these methods could be interchangeably used, and IVC can be an alternative method for DVP by discarding the minimum amount of blood and less invasiveness in children.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73461861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7169
Aziz Egbali, R. Afzal, M. Hashemi, A. Eghbali, Bahar Taherkhanchi, B. Bagheri
Background: Frequent blood transfusion can lead to iron overload which is potentially dangerous for the heart and liver. Silymarin has well-documented protective effects on hepatocytes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of silymarin addition to iron chelators in children with thalassemia. Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled trial was performed on 40 subjects with thalassemia major and intermedia in Amir Kabir Hospital, Arak, Iran. Subjects were randomized 1:1 oral to 30 mg/kg deferasirox plus placebo, or deferasirox plus oral 70-140 mg silymarin (twice daily) for 6 months. Cardiac and hepatic iron levels and levels of Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, albumin, total protein, and total cholesterol were measured at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. Results: The mean age of patients was 16 years and 60% of patients were female. After 6 months, there were significant increases in the levels of ALT, AST, GGT, and TG in the placebo group as compared to the silymarin group (P < 0.05). In contrast, ALT, AST, and GGT had significant reductions compared to the silymarin group (P =0.05). Patients in the placebo group had a rise in total bilirubin (P = 0.07), but total protein and albumin did not have significant changes in the silymarin group (P > 0.05). Finally, a significant improvement was noted in cardiac iron values in patients using silymarin; 22.2 ± 6.6 ms at baseline vs 26.9 ± 7.1 ms at 6 months (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that twice-daily addition of silymarin to deferasirox could improve liver function in children with thalassemia major and intermedia. Silymarin seems safe in pediatrics.
背景:频繁输血可导致铁超载，这对心脏和肝脏有潜在的危险。水飞蓟素对肝细胞有充分的保护作用。本研究的目的是评估水飞蓟素加铁螯合剂对地中海贫血儿童的肝保护作用。材料和方法:本随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验在伊朗Arak Amir Kabir医院对40例重度和中度地中海贫血患者进行了研究。受试者按1:1的比例随机分组，口服至30mg /kg去铁血素加安慰剂，或去铁血素加口服70-140 mg水飞蓟素(每日两次)，疗程6个月。在基线和治疗6个月后测量心脏和肝脏铁水平以及γ -谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总胆红素、白蛋白、总蛋白和总胆固醇水平。结果:患者平均年龄16岁，女性占60%。6个月后，与水飞蓟素组相比，安慰剂组ALT、AST、GGT和TG水平显著升高(P < 0.05)。与水飞蓟素组相比，ALT、AST、GGT均显著降低(P =0.05)。安慰剂组患者总胆红素升高(P = 0.07)，水飞蓟素组患者总蛋白和白蛋白无显著变化(P > 0.05)。最后，使用水飞蓟素的患者心脏铁值有显著改善;基线时22.2±6.6 ms vs 6个月时26.9±7.1 ms (P < 0.05)。结论:本研究提示去铁铁注射液中每日2次添加水飞蓟素可改善重度和中度地中海贫血患儿肝功能。水飞蓟素在儿科似乎是安全的。
{"title":"A Randomized, Controlled Study Evaluating the Effects of Silymarin Addition to Deferasirox on the Liver Function of Children with Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia","authors":"Aziz Egbali, R. Afzal, M. Hashemi, A. Eghbali, Bahar Taherkhanchi, B. Bagheri","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7169","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Frequent blood transfusion can lead to iron overload which is potentially dangerous for the heart and liver. Silymarin has well-documented protective effects on hepatocytes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of silymarin addition to iron chelators in children with thalassemia. \u0000Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled trial was performed on 40 subjects with thalassemia major and intermedia in Amir Kabir Hospital, Arak, Iran. Subjects were randomized 1:1 oral to 30 mg/kg deferasirox plus placebo, or deferasirox plus oral 70-140 mg silymarin (twice daily) for 6 months. Cardiac and hepatic iron levels and levels of Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, albumin, total protein, and total cholesterol were measured at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. \u0000Results: The mean age of patients was 16 years and 60% of patients were female. After 6 months, there were significant increases in the levels of ALT, AST, GGT, and TG in the placebo group as compared to the silymarin group (P < 0.05). In contrast, ALT, AST, and GGT had significant reductions compared to the silymarin group (P =0.05). Patients in the placebo group had a rise in total bilirubin (P = 0.07), but total protein and albumin did not have significant changes in the silymarin group (P > 0.05). Finally, a significant improvement was noted in cardiac iron values in patients using silymarin; 22.2 ± 6.6 ms at baseline vs 26.9 ± 7.1 ms at 6 months (P < 0.05). \u0000Conclusion: This study suggests that twice-daily addition of silymarin to deferasirox could improve liver function in children with thalassemia major and intermedia. Silymarin seems safe in pediatrics.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80684692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7163
M. Sanaei, F. Kavoosi, Mohammad Amin Moezzi
Backgrounds: Epigenetic regulation such as DNA methylation plays a major role in chromatin organization and gene transcription. Additionally, histone modification is an epigenetic regulator of chromatin structure and influences chromatin organization and gene expression. The relationship between DNA methyltransferase (DNMTs) expression and promoter methylation of the tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) has been reported in various cancers. Previously, the effect of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-CdR), trichostatin A (TSA), and valproic acid (VPA) was shown on various cancers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 5'-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine (FdCyd) and sodium butyrate on the genes of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, p21, p53, cell viability, and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma SNU449, SNU475, and SNU368 cell lines. Materials and Methods: In this lab trial study, the SNU449, SNU475, and SNU368 cells were cultured and treated with 5'-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine and sodium butyrate. To determine cell viability, cell apoptosis, and the relative gene expression level, MTT assay, flow cytometry assay, and qRT-PCR were done respectively. Results: 5'-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine and sodium butyrate changed the expression level of the BAX, BAK, APAF1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, p21, and p53 gene (P<0.0001) by which induced cell apoptosis and inhibit cell growth in all three cell lines, SNU449, SNU475, and SNU368. Conclusion: Both compounds played their roles through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway to induce cell apoptosis.
{"title":"Effect of 5'-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine and sodium butyrate on the genes of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, p21, p53, cell viability, and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines","authors":"M. Sanaei, F. Kavoosi, Mohammad Amin Moezzi","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v11i4.7163","url":null,"abstract":"Backgrounds: Epigenetic regulation such as DNA methylation plays a major role in chromatin organization and gene transcription. Additionally, histone modification is an epigenetic regulator of chromatin structure and influences chromatin organization and gene expression. The relationship between DNA methyltransferase (DNMTs) expression and promoter methylation of the tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) has been reported in various cancers. Previously, the effect of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-CdR), trichostatin A (TSA), and valproic acid (VPA) was shown on various cancers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 5'-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine (FdCyd) and sodium butyrate on the genes of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, p21, p53, cell viability, and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma SNU449, SNU475, and SNU368 cell lines. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this lab trial study, the SNU449, SNU475, and SNU368 cells were cultured and treated with 5'-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine and sodium butyrate. To determine cell viability, cell apoptosis, and the relative gene expression level, MTT assay, flow cytometry assay, and qRT-PCR were done respectively. \u0000Results: 5'-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine and sodium butyrate changed the expression level of the BAX, BAK, APAF1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, p21, and p53 gene (P<0.0001) by which induced cell apoptosis and inhibit cell growth in all three cell lines, SNU449, SNU475, and SNU368. \u0000Conclusion: Both compounds played their roles through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway to induce cell apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82589870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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