The talaab, or a ‘pond’, has been an integral part of the Indian life and landscape for centuries. Primarily for collecting rainwater, it acts as a rich venue for multiple activities, the complexity of which defies its simple design elements. While landscape architects are primarily concerned with understanding these design elements, a study limited to the physical design of a talaab will not enable a complete envisioning of its multiple roles. The concept of “frames,” put forth by the sociologist Erving Goffman as cultural definitions of reality, is used to address this gap and to examine, through a historical analysis, the change in ownership and management of water in India. Based on linguist Stef Slembrouck’s discussion of frames as spatial metaphors, this paper speculates that the talaab landscape acts simultaneously as a space for normative or expected/typical activities and as a situational/interactional entity. The paper further characterizes the land-water interface of a talaab as a “laminate” hosting normative activities and acting as a situational/interactional space determined by culturally governed temporal and ideological principles. The use of this model to interpret space as a physical and socio-cultural construct allows a better understanding of the possibilities for creating multifunctional landscapes embedded with social and spiritual meaning.
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respect for nature” that Hou attributes to the “city natural,” versus the celebration of American “scientifi c, artistic, economic, and technological power” (p. 4) that she ascribes to the City Beautiful. To suggest that Hou’s “city natural” elides dimensions of the past even while it illuminates others is, however, merely to acknowledge one of the fundamental paradoxes of all intellectual work: as social scientists Geoff rey C. Bowker and Susan Leigh Star point out, the act of classifi cation has consequences, yet “to classify is human” (1999, 1). Indeed, the contributors to Garden and Forest were likewise engaged in a collective attempt to make sense of their complicated and confusing world, and they also did so by inventing, deploying, and challenging conceptual categories. Hou’s City Natural reminds us that we have much to learn from their eff orts to reconcile both the material and the conceptual confl icts that arise between humans and non-human nature. We also have much to learn from the ways in which they created a discursive space that upheld the possibility of such reconciliation. Toward that end, The City Natural provides a valuable starting point.
对自然的尊重”，她将其归因于“自然之城”，而对美国“科学、艺术、经济和技术力量”的庆祝(第4页)，她将其归因于“美丽之城”。然而，如果认为侯的“城市自然”忽略了过去的维度，尽管它照亮了其他维度，这仅仅是承认所有智力工作的一个基本悖论:正如社会科学家Geoff rey C. Bowker和Susan Leigh Star所指出的那样，分类的行为是有后果的，然而“分类是人类的行为”(1999,1)。的确，《花园》和《森林》的作者同样致力于集体尝试，以理解他们复杂而混乱的世界，他们也通过发明、运用和挑战概念类别来做到这一点。侯的《自然之城》提醒我们，我们可以从他们调和人类与非人类自然之间的物质和概念冲突的努力中学到很多东西。我们也可以从他们创造一个支持这种和解可能性的话语空间的方式中学到很多东西。为此，《自然之城》提供了一个有价值的起点。
{"title":"Little White Houses: How the Postwar Home Constructed Race in America by Dianne Harris (review)","authors":"E. Clark","doi":"10.3368/LJ.33.2.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/LJ.33.2.197","url":null,"abstract":"respect for nature” that Hou attributes to the “city natural,” versus the celebration of American “scientifi c, artistic, economic, and technological power” (p. 4) that she ascribes to the City Beautiful. To suggest that Hou’s “city natural” elides dimensions of the past even while it illuminates others is, however, merely to acknowledge one of the fundamental paradoxes of all intellectual work: as social scientists Geoff rey C. Bowker and Susan Leigh Star point out, the act of classifi cation has consequences, yet “to classify is human” (1999, 1). Indeed, the contributors to Garden and Forest were likewise engaged in a collective attempt to make sense of their complicated and confusing world, and they also did so by inventing, deploying, and challenging conceptual categories. Hou’s City Natural reminds us that we have much to learn from their eff orts to reconcile both the material and the conceptual confl icts that arise between humans and non-human nature. We also have much to learn from the ways in which they created a discursive space that upheld the possibility of such reconciliation. Toward that end, The City Natural provides a valuable starting point.","PeriodicalId":442323,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Journal: design, planning, and management of the land","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128848329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-09-18DOI: 10.5325/studamerjewilite.39.1.0001
Lance Neckar, D. Pitt
{"title":"Editor’s Introduction","authors":"Lance Neckar, D. Pitt","doi":"10.5325/studamerjewilite.39.1.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/studamerjewilite.39.1.0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":442323,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Journal: design, planning, and management of the land","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124486245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-22DOI: 10.1525/9780520958203-010
R. Hester
2. Duration matters. Oneoff projects with one site visit, a community charrette, or a few workshops fi t into a semester are but token participation compared to collaborations of ten years or so. Some of these present articles are so timebound that I am suspicious of claimed outcomes. We need evidence that the approaches grew more sophisticated as volunteers’ skills developed. The enduring cases recognize the importance of knowing the place intimately and developing personal relationships, especially in contentious settings. Shared experience, shared place, shared mission require ongoing facetoface interaction. The designer must be present. Otherwise, we reinforce Melvin Webber’s (1964) unfortunate diction that we desire “community without propinquity.” That claim haunted community designers in my youth, and superfi cial engagement with people and place undermines the basis of landscape architecture today.
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Pub Date : 2011-02-22DOI: 10.5325/cormmccaj.17.1.0003
L. Neckar, D. Pitt
Editor’s Introduction v on the revitalization of downtown neighborhoods in the Middle Susquehanna River valley in Pennsylvania. Victoria Chanse examines the contribution of TDAR perspectives for organizing and managing multiple volunteer groups in a regional watershed stewardship initiative in Contra Costa County, California. Three of the cases occur in rural settings. Christine Carlson, John Koepke, and Mirja Hanson from the University of Minnesota offer TDAR perspectives on their efforts to organize and coordinate the activities of the Laurentian Vision Partnership in reframing iron ore mining as a tool to make future ecologies and economies on the Mesabi Iron Range in northern Minnesota. In Entlebuch, Switzerland, Olaf Schroth, Ulrike Wissen Hayek, Eckart Lange, Stephen R. J. Sheppard, and Willy A. Schmid of the Institute for Spatial and Landscape Planning, ETH Zurich and the University of British Columbia examine the contribution of interactive landscape visualizations for constructing transdisciplinary knowledge, dialogue, and consensus building in the search for solutions to rural landscape planning problems. Working with the Wisconsinbased Green Communities and Green Affordable Housing in Indian Country Initiative, Susan Thering integrates a grounded theory approach informed by social science literature to document and evaluate the intangible outcomes of transdisciplinary partnerships with Native American communities. Finally, two of the cases are statewide in their geographic focus. Cheryl Doble and Maren King of the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry discuss lessons learned from the creation and operation of a statewide partnership to address remediation and redevelopment of small city waterfronts throughout New York State. Through his work with the Pennsylvania Advocates for Nutrition and Activity, Michael Rios, of the University of California, Davis, demonstrates the utility of social ecological approaches sensitive to various scales of social and spatial production to inform the development and evaluation of transdisciplinary approaches in the context of an obesity prevention initiative in Pennsylvania. We welcome the addition of Nicole Peterson to our editorial staff as an editorial assistant. Before commencing her graduate studies in Landscape Architecture at the University of Minnesota, Nicole was an English and Media Studies major at St. Olaf College in Northfi eld, MN.
关于宾夕法尼亚州中部萨斯奎哈纳河谷市中心社区的振兴。Victoria Chanse检视了TDAR在组织和管理加州康特拉科斯塔县地区流域管理倡议中的多个志愿者团体方面的贡献。其中3例发生在农村地区。来自明尼苏达大学的Christine Carlson, John Koepke和Mirja Hanson提供了TDAR的观点，介绍了他们组织和协调Laurentian Vision Partnership的活动，以重新构建铁矿石开采，使其成为明尼苏达州北部梅萨比铁矿矿区未来生态和经济的工具。在瑞士恩特勒布赫，苏黎世联邦理工学院和英属哥伦比亚大学空间与景观规划研究所的Olaf Schroth、Ulrike Wissen Hayek、Eckart Lange、Stephen R. J. Sheppard和Willy A. Schmid研究了交互式景观可视化在构建跨学科知识、对话和建立共识方面的贡献，以寻求解决农村景观规划问题的解决方案。Susan Thering与威斯康星州的绿色社区和印第安国家绿色经济适用房倡议合作，将社会科学文献为基础的理论方法整合在一起，以记录和评估与美洲原住民社区跨学科合作的无形成果。最后，其中两起案件的地理焦点是全州范围的。纽约州立大学环境科学与林业学院的Cheryl Doble和Maren King讨论了从全州合作伙伴关系的创建和运作中吸取的经验教训，以解决整个纽约州小城市海滨的修复和再开发问题。加州大学戴维斯分校的迈克尔·里奥斯通过与宾夕法尼亚州营养与活动倡导者的合作，展示了对各种社会和空间生产规模敏感的社会生态方法的效用，为宾夕法尼亚州肥胖预防倡议背景下跨学科方法的发展和评估提供了信息。我们欢迎妮可·彼得森作为编辑助理加入我们的编辑团队。在开始她在明尼苏达大学风景园林专业的研究生学习之前，Nicole曾在明尼苏达州诺斯菲尔德的圣奥拉夫学院学习英语和媒体研究专业。
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{"title":"Afterword","authors":"Randolph T. Hester","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvp2n2gd.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvp2n2gd.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":442323,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Journal: design, planning, and management of the land","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129652619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1958-06-01DOI: 10.1515/9781503620636-002
Lance Neckar, D. Pitt
Academic integrity is of great importance to insure a consistent determination of what constitutes plagiarism across regions of the world. Academic integrity research spans a global scale and regardless of where the researcher is from, they are building on a pool of research findings that have no physical boundaries. Basic agreed upon research standards and fundamentals must be established to ensure the validity and reliability of the body of academic research. Problematic to the situation are differences in cultural definitions of what constitutes plagiarism. Therefore, this study aimed to build the body of knowledge on the current condition of plagiarism levels as well as perform a sample comparison of some patterns in Eastern and Western culture. A document analysis was conducted for two universities, one in the USA and one in Saudi Arabia. In addition, a survey was conducted in an academic context in Saudi Arabia to investigate students’ and faculty’s understanding of what constitutes plagiarism. It was predicted that Saudi Arabia is shifting towards a Westernized definition of plagiarism; results partially supported this hypothesis. ت ع ت ب ر ا ل ن ز ا ھ ة ا لأ ك ا د ی م ی ة ذ ا ت أ ھ م ی ة ك ب ی ر ة ل ض م ا ن ت ح د ی د ث ا ب ت ل م ا ی ش ك ل ا لا ن ت ح ا ل ع ب ر م ن ا ط ق ا ل ع ا ل م . ت م ت د أ ب ح ا ث ا ل ن ز ا ھ ة ا لأ ك ا د ی م ی ة ع ل ى ن ط ا ق ع ا ل م ي و ب غ ض ا ل ن ظ ر ع ن ا ل م ك ا ن ا ل ذ ي ی ن ت م ي إ ل ی ھ ا ل ب ا ح ث ، ف ھ ي ت ع ت م د ع ل ى م ج م و ع ة م ن ن ت ا ئ ج ا لأ ب ح ا ث ا ل ت ي لا ت و ج د ل ھ ا ح د و د م ا د ی ة . ی ج ب و ض ع ا ل م ع ا ی ی ر ا لأ س ا س ی ة ا ل م ت ف ق ع ل ی ھ ا و ا لأ س ا س ی ا ت ل ض م ا ن ص ح ة و م و ث و ق ی ة ھ ی ئ ة ا ل ب ح ث ا لأ ك ا د ی م ي . ا لإ ش ك ا ل ی ة ف ي ا ل م و ق ف ھ ي ا خ ت لا ف ا ت ف ي ا ل ت ع ر ی ف ا ت ا ل ث ق ا ف ی ة ل م ا ی ش ك ل ا لا ن ت ح ا ل . و ل ذ ل ك ، ھ د ف ت ھ ذ ه ا ل د ر ا س ة إ ل ى ب ن ا ء ج س د ا ل م ع ر ف ة ح و ل ا ل ح ا ل ة ا ل ر ا ھ ن ة ل م س ت و ی ا ت ا لا ن ت ح ا ل و ك ذ ل ك إ ج ر ا ء م ق ا ر ن ة ن م و ذ ج ی ة ل ب ع ض ا لأ ن م ا ط ف ي ا ل ث ق ا ف ة ا ل ش ر ق ی ة و ا ل غ ر ب ی ة . ت م إ ج ر ا ء ت ح ل ی ل ل ل و ث ا ئ ق ل ج ا م ع ت ی ن ، و ا ح د ة ف ي ا ل و لا ی ا ت ا ل م ت ح د ة ا لأ م ر ی ك ی ة و و ا ح د ة ف ي ا ل م م ل ك ة ا ل ع ر ب ی ة ا ل س ع و د ی ة . ب ا لإ ض ا ف ة إ ل ى ذ ل ك ، أ ج ر ی ت د ر ا س ة ا س ت ق ص ا ئ ی ة ف ي س ی ا ق أ ك ا د ی م ي ف ي ا ل م م ل ك ة ا ل ع ر ب ی ة ا ل س ع و د ی ة ل ل ت ح ق ی ق ف ي ف ھ م ا ل ط لا ب و ھ ی ئ ة ا ل ت د ر ی س ل م ا ی ش ك ل ا لا ن ت ح ا ل . ك ا ن م ن ا ل م ت و ق ع أ ن ت ت ج ھ ا ل م م ل ك ة ا ل ع ر ب ی ة ا ل س ع و د ی ة ن ح و ت ع ر ی ف ا ل غ ر ب ی ی ن ل لا ن ت ح ا ل و ق د د ع م ت ا ل ن ت ا ئ ج ھ ذ ه ا ل ف ر ض ی ة ج ز ئ ی ا .
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