Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1952884
J. Schlag
ABSTRACT The paper examines the recent landcover history of Manchuria and its implications for a socio-ecological decline that is spreading across Northeast Asia. Beginning by looking at forest decline and land use change implemented under Japanese colonial rule (1905-1945), the paper argues that the colonial dynamics of deforestation and monocultural farming intensified hydrological stress. Due to land clearance and intensive land use under Japanese and subsequent Chinese management, boreal forest resources have eroded and desiccated to a point where socio-ecological needs can no longer be met. As China has turned to foreign timber resources for its economic needs, the environmental decline experienced across Manchuria has extended to other, poorly managed forest regions in Northeast Asia. I argue that interdisciplinary studies are needed to provide more comprehensive views of the long-term dynamics of agricultural transformation, urbanization, lumber markets, and state policy on forests and ecosystems. Such studies would shed light on the causes of forest degradation as well as help create more successful forest restoration policies in Northeast Asia.
{"title":"Living in decline – the dynamics of anthropogenic disturbances in the recent landcover history of Manchuria and its consequences for Northeast Asia","authors":"J. Schlag","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1952884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1952884","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper examines the recent landcover history of Manchuria and its implications for a socio-ecological decline that is spreading across Northeast Asia. Beginning by looking at forest decline and land use change implemented under Japanese colonial rule (1905-1945), the paper argues that the colonial dynamics of deforestation and monocultural farming intensified hydrological stress. Due to land clearance and intensive land use under Japanese and subsequent Chinese management, boreal forest resources have eroded and desiccated to a point where socio-ecological needs can no longer be met. As China has turned to foreign timber resources for its economic needs, the environmental decline experienced across Manchuria has extended to other, poorly managed forest regions in Northeast Asia. I argue that interdisciplinary studies are needed to provide more comprehensive views of the long-term dynamics of agricultural transformation, urbanization, lumber markets, and state policy on forests and ecosystems. Such studies would shed light on the causes of forest degradation as well as help create more successful forest restoration policies in Northeast Asia.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"38 1","pages":"179 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1952884","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46865407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-20DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1943470
R. Chan, K. Bhatta
ABSTRACT With the introduction of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the government of Nepal has agreed to develop links with China through the development of cross-border infrastructure such as railway and road networks. It is assumed that increased trans-Himalayan connectivity will bring new dynamics to the socioeconomic development of communities, and tourism is one of the significant factors behind the acceleration of such developments. Improved connectivity promotes accessibility, economic activity, and local development, along with increased tourism development. Most settlements along the Nepal–China Friendship Highway are expected to experience an increase in economic activity, tourism, and local development. In this regard, considering the cases of Dhulikhel and Banepa, key towns on the Nepal–China Friendship Highway, this research aims to explore the various impacts of transport infrastructure on tourism development and associated aspects of tourist destinations. Multiple methods of data collection, including interviews with key informants, questionnaire surveys, participant observations, and archival research have been adopted. Perceived impacts reveal positive and negative effects on infrastructure and tourism and to local communities. It is envisaged that integrated policies of sustainable tourism development and transport infrastructure should be in place.
{"title":"Trans-Himalayan connectivity and sustainable tourism development in Nepal: a study of community perceptions of tourism impacts along the Nepal–China Friendship Highway","authors":"R. Chan, K. Bhatta","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1943470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1943470","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With the introduction of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the government of Nepal has agreed to develop links with China through the development of cross-border infrastructure such as railway and road networks. It is assumed that increased trans-Himalayan connectivity will bring new dynamics to the socioeconomic development of communities, and tourism is one of the significant factors behind the acceleration of such developments. Improved connectivity promotes accessibility, economic activity, and local development, along with increased tourism development. Most settlements along the Nepal–China Friendship Highway are expected to experience an increase in economic activity, tourism, and local development. In this regard, considering the cases of Dhulikhel and Banepa, key towns on the Nepal–China Friendship Highway, this research aims to explore the various impacts of transport infrastructure on tourism development and associated aspects of tourist destinations. Multiple methods of data collection, including interviews with key informants, questionnaire surveys, participant observations, and archival research have been adopted. Perceived impacts reveal positive and negative effects on infrastructure and tourism and to local communities. It is envisaged that integrated policies of sustainable tourism development and transport infrastructure should be in place.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"40 1","pages":"59 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1943470","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41487551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-18DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1942092
He Zhu, Shuying Zhang, Wenting Yu
ABSTRACT The Recreational Business District (RBD) is a more active and attractive place in a city. The development of RBDs has become a popular transforming direction in downtown renewal progress by creating novel attractions for visitors and providing services to them. However, there has been limited research on the RBDs, especially for visitors’ satisfaction. The purpose of our research is to explore the complex relationships between visitors’ satisfaction and their perception of RBDs by using structural equation modeling, thereby providing suggestions for RBD development. We first identify the constructs of visitors’ perception and then examine the effects of these constructs on visitors’ satisfaction based on a case study of Qianmen district in Beijing, China. The data are collected via two on-site surveys, then respectively analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling approach. We find that “cultural experience,” “retail environment,” “commodities and activities,” and “service and management” affect visitors’ satisfaction positively, while “visiting resources” and “communal facilities” have no significant effects. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of this study and policy suggestions for effective and sustainable development of the RBDs.
{"title":"Improving urban Recreational Business District (RBD) from the perspective of visitors’ satisfaction and perception","authors":"He Zhu, Shuying Zhang, Wenting Yu","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1942092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1942092","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Recreational Business District (RBD) is a more active and attractive place in a city. The development of RBDs has become a popular transforming direction in downtown renewal progress by creating novel attractions for visitors and providing services to them. However, there has been limited research on the RBDs, especially for visitors’ satisfaction. The purpose of our research is to explore the complex relationships between visitors’ satisfaction and their perception of RBDs by using structural equation modeling, thereby providing suggestions for RBD development. We first identify the constructs of visitors’ perception and then examine the effects of these constructs on visitors’ satisfaction based on a case study of Qianmen district in Beijing, China. The data are collected via two on-site surveys, then respectively analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling approach. We find that “cultural experience,” “retail environment,” “commodities and activities,” and “service and management” affect visitors’ satisfaction positively, while “visiting resources” and “communal facilities” have no significant effects. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of this study and policy suggestions for effective and sustainable development of the RBDs.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"40 1","pages":"37 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1942092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42712015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-14DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1912787
Jeremy Tasch
ABSTRACT A constituent feature of all bridges is their facilitation of movement. They are intentionally built not only to continue a road but to serve a special purpose – to join two sides previously separated. When, for example, a community with natural resources gains access to communities with production facilities the reciprocal movements potentially bring benefits to both sides. Bridges can be a key driver of economic activity and the Russian government considers Vladivostok's new infrastructure – material, administrative, financial, and even educational – critical for helping the region become more economically powerful by encouraging new investment from and facilitating business interactions with Asia. Consequently, this article explores the “Bridges of Vladivostok” as metaphor, symbols for potentially stronger relations, enablers of hoped-for partnerships, and as material constructions designed to link opposite sites.
{"title":"Material and metaphorical bridgework: Russia's Asian Pivot through Vladivostok","authors":"Jeremy Tasch","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1912787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1912787","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A constituent feature of all bridges is their facilitation of movement. They are intentionally built not only to continue a road but to serve a special purpose – to join two sides previously separated. When, for example, a community with natural resources gains access to communities with production facilities the reciprocal movements potentially bring benefits to both sides. Bridges can be a key driver of economic activity and the Russian government considers Vladivostok's new infrastructure – material, administrative, financial, and even educational – critical for helping the region become more economically powerful by encouraging new investment from and facilitating business interactions with Asia. Consequently, this article explores the “Bridges of Vladivostok” as metaphor, symbols for potentially stronger relations, enablers of hoped-for partnerships, and as material constructions designed to link opposite sites.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"38 1","pages":"139 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1912787","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45292600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-21DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1930078
Pratyusha Basu, Jayajit Chakraborty
ABSTRACT Urbanization in India has been characterized by declining environmental quality and increasing class and caste segregations. These trends suggest the need to analyze distributive injustices that situate environmental hazards within urban scale inequalities. Our article seeks to address this need by linking the distribution of industrial facilities classified as Major Accident Hazard (MAH) units with the distribution of socially disadvantaged groups in Ahmedabad, a large metropolis in western India with a long history of industrial development. Using bivariate statistical comparisons and multivariable generalized estimating equations, this study examines whether socially disadvantaged groups are overrepresented in neighborhoods with the highest density of MAH units. Our statistical findings suggest a pattern of distributive environmental injustice based on significantly higher proportions of young children, Scheduled Castes and Tribes, and households without assets and amenities in areas with the highest concentrations of MAH units. Overall, this article shows how India's cities pose greater environmental hazards for socially disadvantaged communities, thereby raising concerns about the future of its urbanization.
{"title":"Hazardous industries and distributive environmental injustice in Ahmedabad, India","authors":"Pratyusha Basu, Jayajit Chakraborty","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1930078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1930078","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Urbanization in India has been characterized by declining environmental quality and increasing class and caste segregations. These trends suggest the need to analyze distributive injustices that situate environmental hazards within urban scale inequalities. Our article seeks to address this need by linking the distribution of industrial facilities classified as Major Accident Hazard (MAH) units with the distribution of socially disadvantaged groups in Ahmedabad, a large metropolis in western India with a long history of industrial development. Using bivariate statistical comparisons and multivariable generalized estimating equations, this study examines whether socially disadvantaged groups are overrepresented in neighborhoods with the highest density of MAH units. Our statistical findings suggest a pattern of distributive environmental injustice based on significantly higher proportions of young children, Scheduled Castes and Tribes, and households without assets and amenities in areas with the highest concentrations of MAH units. Overall, this article shows how India's cities pose greater environmental hazards for socially disadvantaged communities, thereby raising concerns about the future of its urbanization.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"39 1","pages":"177 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1930078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44669708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-21DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1930079
Yining Tan
ABSTRACT Skilled migration has become increasingly gendered. Situating within the context of globalization and mobility, this article examines skilled women migrants from the U.S. to China. Based on in-depth interviews conducted in the Pearl River Delta Region of China, this article aims to address these questions: What are the factors that influence skilled women migrants’ agency in migration decision-making? How is agency reflected in skilled women’s post-migration experience, including labor market and social relationships in the Chinese context? This research revealed a paradoxical dynamic in skilled migration. First, even for skilled migrants, the capacity to exercise agency in migration decisions is not equal between men and women. Being highly skilled does not guarantee gender equality in distribution of domestic work and responsibilities. Secondly, despite their high levels of education and skills, women migrants had limited options in the labor market and may become more economically dependent on their husbands after moving to China. Thirdly, although the women migrants were not all employed in professional sectors, they all took initiatives to fulfill their talent through home-schooling, and volunteering for community building events. Through these activities, the American women managed to use their existing skills or develop new skills to cope with the post-migration realities; nevertheless, their agency is ultimately constrained by the larger structural forces, including the socially constructed definitions of skills, and conventional gender norms and practices.
{"title":"Gendered skilled migration: American women in China","authors":"Yining Tan","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1930079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1930079","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Skilled migration has become increasingly gendered. Situating within the context of globalization and mobility, this article examines skilled women migrants from the U.S. to China. Based on in-depth interviews conducted in the Pearl River Delta Region of China, this article aims to address these questions: What are the factors that influence skilled women migrants’ agency in migration decision-making? How is agency reflected in skilled women’s post-migration experience, including labor market and social relationships in the Chinese context? This research revealed a paradoxical dynamic in skilled migration. First, even for skilled migrants, the capacity to exercise agency in migration decisions is not equal between men and women. Being highly skilled does not guarantee gender equality in distribution of domestic work and responsibilities. Secondly, despite their high levels of education and skills, women migrants had limited options in the labor market and may become more economically dependent on their husbands after moving to China. Thirdly, although the women migrants were not all employed in professional sectors, they all took initiatives to fulfill their talent through home-schooling, and volunteering for community building events. Through these activities, the American women managed to use their existing skills or develop new skills to cope with the post-migration realities; nevertheless, their agency is ultimately constrained by the larger structural forces, including the socially constructed definitions of skills, and conventional gender norms and practices.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"40 1","pages":"19 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1930079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42033947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-09DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1910526
Jianfa Shen
ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has swept the world since December 2019. The spread of COVID-19 has much to do with population flow and close human contacts. This paper demonstrates that the distribution of COVID-19 cases has close relation with the population flow and migration flow in the case of China. Rapid globalization has increased the volumes of migration and travelers in the world since the 1970s. If we reduce the number of air passengers to the level of 0.31 billion in 1970 by 13.6 times in the world, this may delay the same level of infections from being reached by about 3.5 weeks with reduced number of virus export and diffusion. But various authorities may only begin to take systematic and restrictive actions after the case number reaching certain “alarming level”, above “saved time” may not be effectively used as the “alarming level” may simply emerge later. The global production network is not able to meet unexpected surging demand of personal protective equipment and other medical essentials in the early stage of pandemic. Emergency plans are need to expand production capacity quickly to deal with future pandemic.
{"title":"Globalization, population flow and the spatial diffusion of COVID-19","authors":"Jianfa Shen","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1910526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1910526","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The COVID-19 pandemic has swept the world since December 2019. The spread of COVID-19 has much to do with population flow and close human contacts. This paper demonstrates that the distribution of COVID-19 cases has close relation with the population flow and migration flow in the case of China. Rapid globalization has increased the volumes of migration and travelers in the world since the 1970s. If we reduce the number of air passengers to the level of 0.31 billion in 1970 by 13.6 times in the world, this may delay the same level of infections from being reached by about 3.5 weeks with reduced number of virus export and diffusion. But various authorities may only begin to take systematic and restrictive actions after the case number reaching certain “alarming level”, above “saved time” may not be effectively used as the “alarming level” may simply emerge later. The global production network is not able to meet unexpected surging demand of personal protective equipment and other medical essentials in the early stage of pandemic. Emergency plans are need to expand production capacity quickly to deal with future pandemic.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"39 1","pages":"209 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1910526","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48042878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1910525
Julie Babin, Saunavaara Juha
ABSTRACT Despite the recent global interest in the Arctic, the concepts of the North, Northernness, and Arcticness are rarely discussed in the context of East Asia. Yet, the North has significantly affected the developmental paths of East Asia both as a geographical direction, and as an (imaginary) object associated with changing fears, hopes, and uncertainties. This research adds to the relatively scant literature on this topic by elaborating on Hokkaido's exceptional role in Japan's relationship with and understanding of the North. This study analyzes Hokkaido's path from a domestic colony and the northern frontier of the expanding and eventually collapsing Japanese empire, to an actor advancing initiatives in international forums and gaining the central government's recognition as Japan's gateway to the North and the Arctic. During this process, Hokkaido's representation of its northern location and cold climate have evolved, at least partially, from a focus on the perceived causes of underdevelopment to a concentration on the assets contributing to economic possibilities and a better quality of life. Rather than focusing on geophysical, climatological, or environmental conditions, this research approaches regions as constantly evolving sociocultural and political constructions.
{"title":"Hokkaido: from the “Road to the Northern Sea” to “Japan's gateway to the Arctic”","authors":"Julie Babin, Saunavaara Juha","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1910525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1910525","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite the recent global interest in the Arctic, the concepts of the North, Northernness, and Arcticness are rarely discussed in the context of East Asia. Yet, the North has significantly affected the developmental paths of East Asia both as a geographical direction, and as an (imaginary) object associated with changing fears, hopes, and uncertainties. This research adds to the relatively scant literature on this topic by elaborating on Hokkaido's exceptional role in Japan's relationship with and understanding of the North. This study analyzes Hokkaido's path from a domestic colony and the northern frontier of the expanding and eventually collapsing Japanese empire, to an actor advancing initiatives in international forums and gaining the central government's recognition as Japan's gateway to the North and the Arctic. During this process, Hokkaido's representation of its northern location and cold climate have evolved, at least partially, from a focus on the perceived causes of underdevelopment to a concentration on the assets contributing to economic possibilities and a better quality of life. Rather than focusing on geophysical, climatological, or environmental conditions, this research approaches regions as constantly evolving sociocultural and political constructions.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"40 1","pages":"1 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1910525","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47127073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-06DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1894462
I. Akbar, Zhaoping Yang
ABSTRACT Tourism and the sharing of the associated revenues with local people have become a popular strategy for implementing sustainability in nature reserves (NR) or protected areas (PA) globally. Although the local people have obtained some modest economic gains from the development of tourism, especially in infrastructural development, there are still some constraints on revenue sharing. These restrictions are very obvious in many underdeveloped countries and they lead to the passive state of local community participation in tourism development. The main purpose of this article is to, through the example of Aksu-Jabagly NR, study how the Tourism Revenue Sharing (TRS) constraints in a tourism destination inhibit the implementation of sustainable tourism development in Kazakhstan. In order to understand the impact of TRS constraints on the implementation of sustainable tourism, we surveyed the perceptions of 222 residents from the village Jabagly adjacent to Aksu-Jabagly tourist destination. Results suggested that due to certain TRS restrictions, residents believe that a small portion of the revenue generated by tourism has been shared with local development. They evaluated on the indicators of TRS level with a lower score (average mean = 2.606). Most residents are not satisfied with the development of tourism, and their participation in tourism is also comparatively low. The results also reveal that highly perceived constraints of TRS are the main indirect cause of residents’ dissatisfaction with the development of the tourism industry. In the end, residents’ dissatisfaction results in fewer residents participating in tourism.
{"title":"The influence of tourism revenue sharing constraints on sustainable tourism development: a study of Aksu-Jabagly nature reserve, Kazakhstan","authors":"I. Akbar, Zhaoping Yang","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1894462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1894462","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tourism and the sharing of the associated revenues with local people have become a popular strategy for implementing sustainability in nature reserves (NR) or protected areas (PA) globally. Although the local people have obtained some modest economic gains from the development of tourism, especially in infrastructural development, there are still some constraints on revenue sharing. These restrictions are very obvious in many underdeveloped countries and they lead to the passive state of local community participation in tourism development. The main purpose of this article is to, through the example of Aksu-Jabagly NR, study how the Tourism Revenue Sharing (TRS) constraints in a tourism destination inhibit the implementation of sustainable tourism development in Kazakhstan. In order to understand the impact of TRS constraints on the implementation of sustainable tourism, we surveyed the perceptions of 222 residents from the village Jabagly adjacent to Aksu-Jabagly tourist destination. Results suggested that due to certain TRS restrictions, residents believe that a small portion of the revenue generated by tourism has been shared with local development. They evaluated on the indicators of TRS level with a lower score (average mean = 2.606). Most residents are not satisfied with the development of tourism, and their participation in tourism is also comparatively low. The results also reveal that highly perceived constraints of TRS are the main indirect cause of residents’ dissatisfaction with the development of the tourism industry. In the end, residents’ dissatisfaction results in fewer residents participating in tourism.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"39 1","pages":"133 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1894462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49517700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-24DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1903519
S. Subasinghe, Ruci Wang, Matamyo Simwanda, Y. Murayama, Lidia Lazarova Vitanova
ABSTRACT This study examined neighborhood dynamics of urban expansion based on morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and geospatial techniques in the Colombo Metropolitan Area (CMA) of Sri Lanka from 1992 to 2014. Traditionally, urban expansion has been detected using absolute land use/cover (LULC) terms and landscape patterns (i.e. urban and non-urban). However, non-traditional characterization of urban expansion with neighborhood rules provides a better understanding of urban transformation which is essential to urban planners and managers. This study therefore used MSPA of Landsat images (1992, 2001 and 2014) to classify and detect the expansion of urban land uses based on neighborhood rules. Urban expansion intensity and topologies (infill, extension, and leapfrog) were also employed for further analysis. The results show that the CMA experienced rapid urban expansion, recording a 288% increase in the total urban footprint from 1992 to 2014. The annual urban expansion intensity was higher during the 2000s (1.45%) than during the 1990s (0.95%). Urban expansion topological analysis revealed that leapfrog was the most dominant pattern throughout the study’s temporal extent. An outward infill expansion from the city center was observed, while urban extension exhibited a ribbon-type development along the main transport corridors and coastal belts. The patterns and intensity of urban expansion in the CMA are directly linked to the economic, demographics, and political changes in Sri Lanka. Overall, the study provides an improved understanding of urban expansion in the CMA and offers directions that could be considered in future urban planning initiatives.
{"title":"Neighborhood dynamics of urban expansion based on morphological spatial pattern analysis and geospatial techniques: a case study of the Colombo metropolitan area, Sri Lanka","authors":"S. Subasinghe, Ruci Wang, Matamyo Simwanda, Y. Murayama, Lidia Lazarova Vitanova","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1903519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1903519","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examined neighborhood dynamics of urban expansion based on morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and geospatial techniques in the Colombo Metropolitan Area (CMA) of Sri Lanka from 1992 to 2014. Traditionally, urban expansion has been detected using absolute land use/cover (LULC) terms and landscape patterns (i.e. urban and non-urban). However, non-traditional characterization of urban expansion with neighborhood rules provides a better understanding of urban transformation which is essential to urban planners and managers. This study therefore used MSPA of Landsat images (1992, 2001 and 2014) to classify and detect the expansion of urban land uses based on neighborhood rules. Urban expansion intensity and topologies (infill, extension, and leapfrog) were also employed for further analysis. The results show that the CMA experienced rapid urban expansion, recording a 288% increase in the total urban footprint from 1992 to 2014. The annual urban expansion intensity was higher during the 2000s (1.45%) than during the 1990s (0.95%). Urban expansion topological analysis revealed that leapfrog was the most dominant pattern throughout the study’s temporal extent. An outward infill expansion from the city center was observed, while urban extension exhibited a ribbon-type development along the main transport corridors and coastal belts. The patterns and intensity of urban expansion in the CMA are directly linked to the economic, demographics, and political changes in Sri Lanka. Overall, the study provides an improved understanding of urban expansion in the CMA and offers directions that could be considered in future urban planning initiatives.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":"39 1","pages":"155 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1903519","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49095540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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