Pub Date : 2021-04-09DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1910526
Jianfa Shen
ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has swept the world since December 2019. The spread of COVID-19 has much to do with population flow and close human contacts. This paper demonstrates that the distribution of COVID-19 cases has close relation with the population flow and migration flow in the case of China. Rapid globalization has increased the volumes of migration and travelers in the world since the 1970s. If we reduce the number of air passengers to the level of 0.31 billion in 1970 by 13.6 times in the world, this may delay the same level of infections from being reached by about 3.5 weeks with reduced number of virus export and diffusion. But various authorities may only begin to take systematic and restrictive actions after the case number reaching certain “alarming level”, above “saved time” may not be effectively used as the “alarming level” may simply emerge later. The global production network is not able to meet unexpected surging demand of personal protective equipment and other medical essentials in the early stage of pandemic. Emergency plans are need to expand production capacity quickly to deal with future pandemic.
{"title":"Globalization, population flow and the spatial diffusion of COVID-19","authors":"Jianfa Shen","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1910526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1910526","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The COVID-19 pandemic has swept the world since December 2019. The spread of COVID-19 has much to do with population flow and close human contacts. This paper demonstrates that the distribution of COVID-19 cases has close relation with the population flow and migration flow in the case of China. Rapid globalization has increased the volumes of migration and travelers in the world since the 1970s. If we reduce the number of air passengers to the level of 0.31 billion in 1970 by 13.6 times in the world, this may delay the same level of infections from being reached by about 3.5 weeks with reduced number of virus export and diffusion. But various authorities may only begin to take systematic and restrictive actions after the case number reaching certain “alarming level”, above “saved time” may not be effectively used as the “alarming level” may simply emerge later. The global production network is not able to meet unexpected surging demand of personal protective equipment and other medical essentials in the early stage of pandemic. Emergency plans are need to expand production capacity quickly to deal with future pandemic.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1910526","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48042878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1910525
Julie Babin, Saunavaara Juha
ABSTRACT Despite the recent global interest in the Arctic, the concepts of the North, Northernness, and Arcticness are rarely discussed in the context of East Asia. Yet, the North has significantly affected the developmental paths of East Asia both as a geographical direction, and as an (imaginary) object associated with changing fears, hopes, and uncertainties. This research adds to the relatively scant literature on this topic by elaborating on Hokkaido's exceptional role in Japan's relationship with and understanding of the North. This study analyzes Hokkaido's path from a domestic colony and the northern frontier of the expanding and eventually collapsing Japanese empire, to an actor advancing initiatives in international forums and gaining the central government's recognition as Japan's gateway to the North and the Arctic. During this process, Hokkaido's representation of its northern location and cold climate have evolved, at least partially, from a focus on the perceived causes of underdevelopment to a concentration on the assets contributing to economic possibilities and a better quality of life. Rather than focusing on geophysical, climatological, or environmental conditions, this research approaches regions as constantly evolving sociocultural and political constructions.
{"title":"Hokkaido: from the “Road to the Northern Sea” to “Japan's gateway to the Arctic”","authors":"Julie Babin, Saunavaara Juha","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1910525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1910525","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite the recent global interest in the Arctic, the concepts of the North, Northernness, and Arcticness are rarely discussed in the context of East Asia. Yet, the North has significantly affected the developmental paths of East Asia both as a geographical direction, and as an (imaginary) object associated with changing fears, hopes, and uncertainties. This research adds to the relatively scant literature on this topic by elaborating on Hokkaido's exceptional role in Japan's relationship with and understanding of the North. This study analyzes Hokkaido's path from a domestic colony and the northern frontier of the expanding and eventually collapsing Japanese empire, to an actor advancing initiatives in international forums and gaining the central government's recognition as Japan's gateway to the North and the Arctic. During this process, Hokkaido's representation of its northern location and cold climate have evolved, at least partially, from a focus on the perceived causes of underdevelopment to a concentration on the assets contributing to economic possibilities and a better quality of life. Rather than focusing on geophysical, climatological, or environmental conditions, this research approaches regions as constantly evolving sociocultural and political constructions.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1910525","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47127073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-06DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1894462
I. Akbar, Zhaoping Yang
ABSTRACT Tourism and the sharing of the associated revenues with local people have become a popular strategy for implementing sustainability in nature reserves (NR) or protected areas (PA) globally. Although the local people have obtained some modest economic gains from the development of tourism, especially in infrastructural development, there are still some constraints on revenue sharing. These restrictions are very obvious in many underdeveloped countries and they lead to the passive state of local community participation in tourism development. The main purpose of this article is to, through the example of Aksu-Jabagly NR, study how the Tourism Revenue Sharing (TRS) constraints in a tourism destination inhibit the implementation of sustainable tourism development in Kazakhstan. In order to understand the impact of TRS constraints on the implementation of sustainable tourism, we surveyed the perceptions of 222 residents from the village Jabagly adjacent to Aksu-Jabagly tourist destination. Results suggested that due to certain TRS restrictions, residents believe that a small portion of the revenue generated by tourism has been shared with local development. They evaluated on the indicators of TRS level with a lower score (average mean = 2.606). Most residents are not satisfied with the development of tourism, and their participation in tourism is also comparatively low. The results also reveal that highly perceived constraints of TRS are the main indirect cause of residents’ dissatisfaction with the development of the tourism industry. In the end, residents’ dissatisfaction results in fewer residents participating in tourism.
{"title":"The influence of tourism revenue sharing constraints on sustainable tourism development: a study of Aksu-Jabagly nature reserve, Kazakhstan","authors":"I. Akbar, Zhaoping Yang","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1894462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1894462","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tourism and the sharing of the associated revenues with local people have become a popular strategy for implementing sustainability in nature reserves (NR) or protected areas (PA) globally. Although the local people have obtained some modest economic gains from the development of tourism, especially in infrastructural development, there are still some constraints on revenue sharing. These restrictions are very obvious in many underdeveloped countries and they lead to the passive state of local community participation in tourism development. The main purpose of this article is to, through the example of Aksu-Jabagly NR, study how the Tourism Revenue Sharing (TRS) constraints in a tourism destination inhibit the implementation of sustainable tourism development in Kazakhstan. In order to understand the impact of TRS constraints on the implementation of sustainable tourism, we surveyed the perceptions of 222 residents from the village Jabagly adjacent to Aksu-Jabagly tourist destination. Results suggested that due to certain TRS restrictions, residents believe that a small portion of the revenue generated by tourism has been shared with local development. They evaluated on the indicators of TRS level with a lower score (average mean = 2.606). Most residents are not satisfied with the development of tourism, and their participation in tourism is also comparatively low. The results also reveal that highly perceived constraints of TRS are the main indirect cause of residents’ dissatisfaction with the development of the tourism industry. In the end, residents’ dissatisfaction results in fewer residents participating in tourism.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1894462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49517700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-24DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1903519
S. Subasinghe, Ruci Wang, Matamyo Simwanda, Y. Murayama, Lidia Lazarova Vitanova
ABSTRACT This study examined neighborhood dynamics of urban expansion based on morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and geospatial techniques in the Colombo Metropolitan Area (CMA) of Sri Lanka from 1992 to 2014. Traditionally, urban expansion has been detected using absolute land use/cover (LULC) terms and landscape patterns (i.e. urban and non-urban). However, non-traditional characterization of urban expansion with neighborhood rules provides a better understanding of urban transformation which is essential to urban planners and managers. This study therefore used MSPA of Landsat images (1992, 2001 and 2014) to classify and detect the expansion of urban land uses based on neighborhood rules. Urban expansion intensity and topologies (infill, extension, and leapfrog) were also employed for further analysis. The results show that the CMA experienced rapid urban expansion, recording a 288% increase in the total urban footprint from 1992 to 2014. The annual urban expansion intensity was higher during the 2000s (1.45%) than during the 1990s (0.95%). Urban expansion topological analysis revealed that leapfrog was the most dominant pattern throughout the study’s temporal extent. An outward infill expansion from the city center was observed, while urban extension exhibited a ribbon-type development along the main transport corridors and coastal belts. The patterns and intensity of urban expansion in the CMA are directly linked to the economic, demographics, and political changes in Sri Lanka. Overall, the study provides an improved understanding of urban expansion in the CMA and offers directions that could be considered in future urban planning initiatives.
{"title":"Neighborhood dynamics of urban expansion based on morphological spatial pattern analysis and geospatial techniques: a case study of the Colombo metropolitan area, Sri Lanka","authors":"S. Subasinghe, Ruci Wang, Matamyo Simwanda, Y. Murayama, Lidia Lazarova Vitanova","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1903519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1903519","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examined neighborhood dynamics of urban expansion based on morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and geospatial techniques in the Colombo Metropolitan Area (CMA) of Sri Lanka from 1992 to 2014. Traditionally, urban expansion has been detected using absolute land use/cover (LULC) terms and landscape patterns (i.e. urban and non-urban). However, non-traditional characterization of urban expansion with neighborhood rules provides a better understanding of urban transformation which is essential to urban planners and managers. This study therefore used MSPA of Landsat images (1992, 2001 and 2014) to classify and detect the expansion of urban land uses based on neighborhood rules. Urban expansion intensity and topologies (infill, extension, and leapfrog) were also employed for further analysis. The results show that the CMA experienced rapid urban expansion, recording a 288% increase in the total urban footprint from 1992 to 2014. The annual urban expansion intensity was higher during the 2000s (1.45%) than during the 1990s (0.95%). Urban expansion topological analysis revealed that leapfrog was the most dominant pattern throughout the study’s temporal extent. An outward infill expansion from the city center was observed, while urban extension exhibited a ribbon-type development along the main transport corridors and coastal belts. The patterns and intensity of urban expansion in the CMA are directly linked to the economic, demographics, and political changes in Sri Lanka. Overall, the study provides an improved understanding of urban expansion in the CMA and offers directions that could be considered in future urban planning initiatives.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1903519","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49095540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-16DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1899948
J. Loginova
ABSTRACT Under conditions of contemporary globalization and regionalization, economic connectivity is an increasingly important feature of Northeast Asia (NEA). Geographies of these connections and the role of NEA cities in the global and regional economies are increasingly variegated. This paper explores resource industries as landscapes of NEA integration in regional and global economies by focusing on the city networks of energy and mining firms. Using social network analysis (SNA) of the corporate headquarters-subsidiary relations, this paper provides a comparative study of spatialities of the NEA energy and mining city networks at different geographical scales. By distinguishing global, regional, and national scales of urban connectivity, the analysis identifies NEA cities that are strategic in linking resource extraction regions with centers of economic and political power. Based on the multiscale connectivity and SNA metrics, we draw a typology of gateway functions and discuss the positionalities of cities in NEA resources networks. By advancing the empirical understanding of NEA regional and global integration through strategic cities, this study establishes a case for the reframing of NEA as a region that is neither nationally-scaled nor geographically contiguous.
{"title":"City networks binding resource peripheries to economic and political cores: a Northeast Asian perspective","authors":"J. Loginova","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1899948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1899948","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Under conditions of contemporary globalization and regionalization, economic connectivity is an increasingly important feature of Northeast Asia (NEA). Geographies of these connections and the role of NEA cities in the global and regional economies are increasingly variegated. This paper explores resource industries as landscapes of NEA integration in regional and global economies by focusing on the city networks of energy and mining firms. Using social network analysis (SNA) of the corporate headquarters-subsidiary relations, this paper provides a comparative study of spatialities of the NEA energy and mining city networks at different geographical scales. By distinguishing global, regional, and national scales of urban connectivity, the analysis identifies NEA cities that are strategic in linking resource extraction regions with centers of economic and political power. Based on the multiscale connectivity and SNA metrics, we draw a typology of gateway functions and discuss the positionalities of cities in NEA resources networks. By advancing the empirical understanding of NEA regional and global integration through strategic cities, this study establishes a case for the reframing of NEA as a region that is neither nationally-scaled nor geographically contiguous.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1899948","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47972453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-08DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1894189
Edward Boyle, A. Iwashita
ABSTRACT This article utilizes an interdisciplinary border studies perspective in order to explain the absence of regional integration in Northeast Asia. While in other parts of the world, such as Europe or Southeast Asia, the cessation of the Cold War and increasing cross-border linkages promoted the emergence of integrative institutions and imagined regional communities, this has not occurred in Northeast Asia. Although the region experienced a veritable explosion of cross-border activity in the aftermath of the Cold War, potentially beneficial effects of economic and migratory flows for inter-state relations have not led to comparable success constructing regional institutions. The central issue with which the article is concerned is to understand the role of borders in this marked absence of regional integration. The paper adopts a pluralistic perspective on Northeast Asia’s borders that considers them as institutions existing between states, processes of exchange and mobility over them, and as constituting the region as a borderland space characterized by functionally and spatially extensive contestation over state and regional boundaries. Border studies allow us to analyze the Northeast Asian region from the edges of both its constituent states and the region itself, and thus offers a multi-layered lens through which to examine this space. The historical and comparative analysis conducted here reveals the dynamics of regional development and constraints under which the region operates. The paper suggests that the contrast between the Northeast Asia’s sharp, securitized, internal borders, multiplying into novel spaces, and its undetermined outer ones accounts for the failure to integrate today.
{"title":"Bordering and scaling Northeast Asia","authors":"Edward Boyle, A. Iwashita","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1894189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1894189","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article utilizes an interdisciplinary border studies perspective in order to explain the absence of regional integration in Northeast Asia. While in other parts of the world, such as Europe or Southeast Asia, the cessation of the Cold War and increasing cross-border linkages promoted the emergence of integrative institutions and imagined regional communities, this has not occurred in Northeast Asia. Although the region experienced a veritable explosion of cross-border activity in the aftermath of the Cold War, potentially beneficial effects of economic and migratory flows for inter-state relations have not led to comparable success constructing regional institutions. The central issue with which the article is concerned is to understand the role of borders in this marked absence of regional integration. The paper adopts a pluralistic perspective on Northeast Asia’s borders that considers them as institutions existing between states, processes of exchange and mobility over them, and as constituting the region as a borderland space characterized by functionally and spatially extensive contestation over state and regional boundaries. Border studies allow us to analyze the Northeast Asian region from the edges of both its constituent states and the region itself, and thus offers a multi-layered lens through which to examine this space. The historical and comparative analysis conducted here reveals the dynamics of regional development and constraints under which the region operates. The paper suggests that the contrast between the Northeast Asia’s sharp, securitized, internal borders, multiplying into novel spaces, and its undetermined outer ones accounts for the failure to integrate today.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1894189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44785101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-18DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2021.1886953
Chu Van Nguyen, Julian Schwabe, M. Hassler
ABSTRACT Vietnam is the world’s third largest exporter of shrimp products. Small-scale farmers are the main actors in producing shrimp but they depend on middlemen to market their products. This study aims to explore the role, network relationships and strategies of middlemen in shrimp farming in the central Vietnamese Thua Thien Hue province. This is based on semi-structured interviews with farmers, middlemen, wholesalers, input suppliers and local government representatives as well as complementary statistical data. The research findings illustrate the role of middlemen as buyers and as facilitators of information and capital. The network relationships between middlemen, farmers, wholesalers and input-suppliers are a stable arrangement based on trust and personal interaction. Within the framework of global value chains (GVC), they can be characterized as “captive” and “relational.” The main determinant enabling the structure of these interactions is the informality of transactions which are conditioned by the institutional framework conditions in Vietnam.
{"title":"Value chains and the role of middlemen in white shrimp farming in Central Vietnam","authors":"Chu Van Nguyen, Julian Schwabe, M. Hassler","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2021.1886953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2021.1886953","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Vietnam is the world’s third largest exporter of shrimp products. Small-scale farmers are the main actors in producing shrimp but they depend on middlemen to market their products. This study aims to explore the role, network relationships and strategies of middlemen in shrimp farming in the central Vietnamese Thua Thien Hue province. This is based on semi-structured interviews with farmers, middlemen, wholesalers, input suppliers and local government representatives as well as complementary statistical data. The research findings illustrate the role of middlemen as buyers and as facilitators of information and capital. The network relationships between middlemen, farmers, wholesalers and input-suppliers are a stable arrangement based on trust and personal interaction. Within the framework of global value chains (GVC), they can be characterized as “captive” and “relational.” The main determinant enabling the structure of these interactions is the informality of transactions which are conditioned by the institutional framework conditions in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2021.1886953","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42853208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2020.1842217
Guanie Lim
{"title":"The belt road and beyond: state-mobilized globalization in China: 1998–2018","authors":"Guanie Lim","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2020.1842217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2020.1842217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2020.1842217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43259822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-09DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2020.1830134
R. Jangra, S. P. Kaushik
ABSTRACT Recently, many untoward incidents have happened in middle Himalaya either due to natural calamities or human errors, and large casualties, which were avoidable, occurred due to unregulated tourism. Considering that, this study has tried to identify the impact of unregulated tourism so that appropriate intervention policies can be made to develop eco-friendly tourism activities in the study area. The three most important tourist destinations in the region, Chitkul, Kalpa, and Nako, have been selected to evaluate the impacts of tourism development in cold desert destinations. A field survey of about five percent of the total population of the three selected destinations was performed by a simple random sampling technique in 2016 to investigate the tourism impacts. Data have been processed using factor analysis, ANOVA and Doxey’s Irridex model. The investigation reveals that there is no negative change in residents' sensitivity toward tourism development. The study area has vast scope to generate livelihood avenues to the locals in the untapped tourism sector and to arrest migration triggered due to high unemployment and limited options constrained by harsh geographical conditions. Furthermore, there is a need to reframe policy for hilly areas in cold deserts which have a lot of potential in tourism development.
{"title":"Understanding tribal community’s perception toward tourism impacts: the case of emerging destinations in western Himalaya, Kinnaur","authors":"R. Jangra, S. P. Kaushik","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2020.1830134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2020.1830134","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recently, many untoward incidents have happened in middle Himalaya either due to natural calamities or human errors, and large casualties, which were avoidable, occurred due to unregulated tourism. Considering that, this study has tried to identify the impact of unregulated tourism so that appropriate intervention policies can be made to develop eco-friendly tourism activities in the study area. The three most important tourist destinations in the region, Chitkul, Kalpa, and Nako, have been selected to evaluate the impacts of tourism development in cold desert destinations. A field survey of about five percent of the total population of the three selected destinations was performed by a simple random sampling technique in 2016 to investigate the tourism impacts. Data have been processed using factor analysis, ANOVA and Doxey’s Irridex model. The investigation reveals that there is no negative change in residents' sensitivity toward tourism development. The study area has vast scope to generate livelihood avenues to the locals in the untapped tourism sector and to arrest migration triggered due to high unemployment and limited options constrained by harsh geographical conditions. Furthermore, there is a need to reframe policy for hilly areas in cold deserts which have a lot of potential in tourism development.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2020.1830134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49164838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-18DOI: 10.1080/10225706.2020.1808488
Sylvia Y. He, S. Chakrabarti, Yannie H. Y. Cheung
ABSTRACT Promoting active aging has emerged as a key objective of urban planning and policymaking globally. Our study aims to provide new insights from a time-use perspective. In this paper, we use Hong Kong as a case study to investigate how people aged 60 and older allocate their time in various out-of-home activities. We analyse how personal and household characteristics affect the duration of out-of-home activities among older adults using two decennial time-use surveys. We focus on the influence of employment status and age because of policy relevance, particularly since the Hong Kong Government is considering extending the retirement age from 60 to 65. Comparison of time-use and activity participation between 2002 and 2013 suggests that employment status is positively associated with the duration of out-of-home activities and travel in both cross-sections; it also explains change over time. Findings also underscore the role of gender, age, education, type of housing, tenure of accommodation, household size, and income in determining older people’s activity–travel patterns. Our study shows that government policies to increase the share of employed people in the 60-years-and-older cohort and changes in the sociodemographic makeup of older people owing to various economic or societal forces could alter older people’s time-use and out-of-home activity patterns. Our study suggests that Hong Kong and other cities in the Asian region and beyond must aim at creating inclusive, age-friendly communities with adequate access to various activity opportunities in order to enhance quality of life in an aging society.
{"title":"A time-use perspective of out-of-home activity participation by older people in Hong Kong","authors":"Sylvia Y. He, S. Chakrabarti, Yannie H. Y. Cheung","doi":"10.1080/10225706.2020.1808488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2020.1808488","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Promoting active aging has emerged as a key objective of urban planning and policymaking globally. Our study aims to provide new insights from a time-use perspective. In this paper, we use Hong Kong as a case study to investigate how people aged 60 and older allocate their time in various out-of-home activities. We analyse how personal and household characteristics affect the duration of out-of-home activities among older adults using two decennial time-use surveys. We focus on the influence of employment status and age because of policy relevance, particularly since the Hong Kong Government is considering extending the retirement age from 60 to 65. Comparison of time-use and activity participation between 2002 and 2013 suggests that employment status is positively associated with the duration of out-of-home activities and travel in both cross-sections; it also explains change over time. Findings also underscore the role of gender, age, education, type of housing, tenure of accommodation, household size, and income in determining older people’s activity–travel patterns. Our study shows that government policies to increase the share of employed people in the 60-years-and-older cohort and changes in the sociodemographic makeup of older people owing to various economic or societal forces could alter older people’s time-use and out-of-home activity patterns. Our study suggests that Hong Kong and other cities in the Asian region and beyond must aim at creating inclusive, age-friendly communities with adequate access to various activity opportunities in order to enhance quality of life in an aging society.","PeriodicalId":44260,"journal":{"name":"Asian Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10225706.2020.1808488","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42996501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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