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The commercialisation of anointed water in two ministries: An African theological perspective 膏水在两个事工中的商业化:一个非洲神学的视角
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.4102/ids.v57i1.2937
M. S. Kgatle, Vuyisile Qiki
The use of water in healing has significance in African religious life. African people believe that water is not an ordinary substance but is medicinal and a life-giving commodity. This article argues that within a Pentecostal church setting, the use of water in healing should be juxtaposed with biblical practices to deal with the challenges of commercialisation of the commodity, its abuses, and other unethical practices. The integration of the African religious life and biblical practices is framed from an African theological perspective. The contribution of this perspective is its potential to address the commercialisation of water in two selected Pentecostal-type ministries. This will be achieved by introducing an African theological perspective and the use of water in African religious life. Similarly, the two selected ministries and their commercialisation of water will be discussed through the use of the case study method. The two selected church ministries are Rivers of Living Water Ministries and Nala Mandate International (NMI). The aim of this article is to demonstrate that an African theological perspective is relevant for addressing issues of the commercialisation of water in the selected ministries. This challenges how scholars approach the use of water in healing. The practice should be acknowledged in African religious life but its commercialisation should be criticised.Contribution: The article contributed to the discourse on the use of water in African religious life and proposed an African theological perspective to address the challenges of the commercialisation of the commodity.
用水进行治疗在非洲的宗教生活中具有重要意义。非洲人认为水不是一种普通的物质,而是一种药用和生命的商品。这篇文章认为,在五旬节教会的背景下,在治疗中使用水应该与圣经的做法并列,以应对商品商业化的挑战,滥用,以及其他不道德的做法。非洲宗教生活与圣经实践的融合是从非洲神学的角度出发的。这种观点的贡献在于,它有可能在两个选定的五旬节派部委中解决水的商业化问题。这将通过介绍非洲神学观点和非洲宗教生活用水来实现。同样,将通过使用案例研究方法讨论选定的两个部委及其水的商业化。两个被选中的教会事工是活水之河事工和纳拉委任国际(NMI)。这篇文章的目的是证明,非洲神学的观点是相关的,以解决水的商业化问题,在选定的部委。这对学者们在治疗中使用水的方法提出了挑战。这种做法在非洲的宗教生活中应该得到承认,但它的商业化应该受到批评。贡献:这篇文章对非洲宗教生活中用水的论述做出了贡献,并提出了一种非洲神学的观点来解决商品商业化的挑战。
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引用次数: 1
Vroulike mistiek, praktiese devosie en die Kaapse piëtisme, 1700–1860
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.4102/ids.v57i1.2912
A. Raath
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引用次数: 0
Gender role changes in African households: A challenge to theology and psychology 非洲家庭中的性别角色变化:对神学和心理学的挑战
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.4102/ids.v57i1.2893
Hundzukani P. Khosa-Nkatini, Wonke Buqa, Nondumiso Machimana
Women empowerment is growing in South African communities and workplaces. More women are in executive positions which often require time away from home with the implication that their conversations with family and relatives are limited. As time change, the role of men changes in the family context especially in Africa. Gone are the days when women were told that they belong in the kitchen. More women step forward in the corporate world by taking up key leadership roles. The purpose of the Employment Equity Act (EEA) is to protect employees from unfair treatment. However, the implementation of affirmative action aims at measuring whether the challenges faced by the previously disadvantaged groups, and factors such as age, gender, ethnicity and disability regarding basic employment conditions are still questionable. Some women earn more than their husbands, compared to the past when men were the breadwinners of the household, particularly in black communities. In this article is discussed the factors contributing to black men’s gender role changing in the household from a theological and psychological perspective.Contribution: The contextual perspective of this research is contributed by the African men’s concern regarding cultural beliefs and practices relating to gender role changes in households. The contribution of this article is to inform people about factors, which African men experience in gender role changes in households from both a theological and psychological perspective. This research is done using a literature review; thus, a multi-disciplinary approach, which seeks to provide knowledge and encourage African black men to embrace gender transformation roles in households.
在南非的社区和工作场所,妇女赋权正在增长。更多的妇女担任行政职务,往往需要离开家一段时间,这意味着她们与家人和亲戚的谈话受到限制。随着时间的变化,男人在家庭中的作用也在变化,尤其是在非洲。女人被告知应该呆在厨房的日子一去不复返了。越来越多的女性通过担任关键的领导角色,在企业界取得了进步。《就业平等法》(EEA)的目的是保护雇员免受不公平待遇。然而,实施平权行动的目的是衡量以前处于不利地位的群体所面临的挑战,以及年龄、性别、种族和残疾等因素在基本就业条件方面是否仍然存在问题。一些妇女比她们的丈夫挣得多,而在过去,男人是家庭的经济支柱,特别是在黑人社区。本文从神学和心理学的角度探讨了黑人男性在家庭中性别角色变化的影响因素。贡献:本研究的背景观点来自非洲男性对家庭中与性别角色变化有关的文化信仰和习俗的关注。本文的贡献在于从神学和心理学的角度告诉人们非洲男性在家庭性别角色变化中所经历的因素。本研究采用文献综述法;因此,这是一种多学科方法,旨在提供知识并鼓励非洲黑人男子在家庭中承担性别转变的角色。
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引用次数: 0
Mission-minded pastoral theology and the notion of God’s power: Maturity through vulnerability 宣教神学和上帝大能的概念:从脆弱中成熟
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.4102/ids.v57i1.2924
Stéphan Van der Watt
This article contributed to constructive missional theology by grappling with the issues of God’s power and Christian maturity. This is important, because we live in a wounded world fraught with injustice, violations of human dignity, and power abuse. Pastors and other caregivers are called to be involved with caring for people to promote more just societies where human dignity flourishes. Such caring practices form a crucial and practical part of the human embodiment of God’s loving mission in our wounded living spaces. The main research question that was addressed, is as follows: How can pastoral theology be directed by a missional understanding of the church so that it can become clear how caring practices embody the missio Dei? Considering this question, this article explicated what kind of theology is appropriate when mission-minded Christian caregivers want to interpret God’s power in a fractured world. The author indicated – through a careful and methodical literature study – that the recovery of a missional, trinitarian understanding of God, offers fresh resources for reconceptualising spiritual formation, focusing on mission as authentic discipleship. While unravelling this article’s main argument, it was deemed of paramount importance to harmonise our ideas about the power of God, because such notions (about God’s power) often dictate how we act within human relationships, which are also replete with power. It was concluded that preference needs to be given to viewing ‘power as love’ (vulnerability) rather than ‘power as force’ (control). Eventually the analysis of relevant literature resources indicated that pastoral care done in congregations, does not merely find its end goal in strengthening believers to grow into maturity in Christ, but also fosters our missional calling as sent disciples of the triune God. In addition, Christian faith maturity was found to be essential if pastoral theology and pastoral care practices – mostly performed by pastors or other caregivers in faith communities – aim to promote justice and human dignity as integral part of the missio Dei.Contribution: The dearth of consideration for the vital issue of Christian maturity presents a challenge for the field of mission studies, when pastoral theology and care practices engage with views regarding God’s power. The rigorous literature study contributed constructive insights for missional churches that value God’s justice and dignity to all.
这篇文章通过探讨神的大能和基督徒的成熟,对建设性宣教神学做出了贡献。这一点很重要,因为我们生活在一个充满不公、侵犯人类尊严和滥用权力的受伤世界。牧师和其他照顾者被呼召参与照顾他人,以促进更公正的社会,使人的尊严蓬勃发展。在我们受伤的生活空间中,这种关怀的实践构成了上帝爱的使命的人类体现的重要和实际的一部分。主要的研究问题如下:牧灵神学如何以对教会的宣教性理解为指导,从而使关怀实践如何体现上帝使命变得清晰?考虑到这个问题,这篇文章阐述了什么样的神学是合适的,当有宣教意识的基督徒看护者想要在一个破碎的世界中解释上帝的力量。作者指出,通过仔细和系统的文献研究,恢复对上帝的使命,三位一体的理解,为重新概念化精神形成提供了新的资源,将使命作为真正的门徒。在阐述这篇文章的主要论点时,我们认为协调我们对上帝力量的看法是至关重要的,因为这种观念(关于上帝的力量)经常决定我们在人际关系中如何行动,而人际关系也充满了力量。结论是,我们更倾向于将“权力视为爱”(脆弱),而不是“权力视为力量”(控制)。最后,通过对相关文献资源的分析,我们发现在会众中进行的教牧关怀,不仅是为了加强信徒在基督里的成长,而且是为了培养我们作为三位一体神的门徒的宣教呼召。此外,如果牧灵神学和牧灵护理实践(主要由牧师或信仰社区的其他护理人员执行)旨在促进正义和人的尊严,作为上帝使命的组成部分,则发现基督教信仰的成熟是必不可少的。贡献:缺乏对基督徒成熟这一重要问题的考虑,对宣教研究领域提出了挑战,当教牧神学和护理实践涉及到关于上帝大能的观点时。严谨的文献研究为宣教教会提供了建设性的见解,这些教会重视上帝对所有人的正义和尊严。
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引用次数: 0
African Christianity and healing: Implications for pastoral care 非洲基督教与治疗:对教牧关怀的启示
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-04-20 DOI: 10.4102/ids.v57i1.2923
J. Klaasen
The rapid rise of Christianity in the developing world, and specifically in Africa, has asked renewed questions about pastoral theology and pastoral care. The African worldview, as a possible explanation for the increase in Christianity, is one of the most cited reasons for this growth. Pentecostalism and the Charismatic movement are referred to as ‘new’ Christianity. The new Christianity is influenced by the practices and characteristics of the African worldview. Wholistic healing derives from the African worldview perspective that reduces the dichotomy between spiritual and science, or spirit and body. This approach to healing, differs from the Western worldview that approaches healing from a biomedical perspective. The disparity in worldviews and subsequent different approaches to healing, are assessed against the backdrop of the implications for pastoral theology and pastoral care.Contribution: The African worldview and ‘new’ Christianity contribute by engaging critically with the separation of the two worldviews, the narrow use of experience within the dialogical movement of theory and praxis, and the key concepts of pastoral theology such as illness and suffering, reconciliation, shepherding, and pastoring.
基督教在发展中国家,特别是在非洲的迅速崛起,对教牧神学和教牧关怀提出了新的问题。非洲人的世界观,作为基督教增长的一个可能的解释,是这种增长最常被引用的原因之一。五旬节派和灵恩派运动被称为“新”基督教。新基督教受到非洲世界观的实践和特点的影响。整体治疗源于非洲的世界观,它减少了精神和科学,或精神和身体之间的二分法。这种治疗方法不同于从生物医学角度看待治疗的西方世界观。世界观的差异和随后不同的治疗方法,是在教牧神学和教牧关怀的影响背景下评估的。贡献:非洲世界观和“新”基督教通过批判性地参与两种世界观的分离,在理论和实践的对话运动中狭隘地使用经验,以及牧养神学的关键概念,如疾病和痛苦,和解,牧养和牧养。
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引用次数: 0
Eto: A critique of the Aladura healing rituals in Nigeria in light of Jesus’ healing miracles 埃托:根据耶稣的治愈奇迹,对尼日利亚阿拉杜拉治愈仪式的批评
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.4102/ids.v57i1.2898
S. Ademiluka
for the sacred preparations made by Aladura prophets and prophetesses for their clients for therapeutic purposes. The practice of eto shares striking similarities with Yourba traditional methods of medication. There is, however, the argument that the Aladura healing rituals might as well be an imitation of Jesus’ methods. Therefore, this article examined these rituals in light of Jesus’ use of spittle for healing with a view to ascertaining if they are justified as a Christian practice. Applying the reader-oriented and descriptive methods, this article discovered that, apart from the affinities with Jesus’ methods, some people are convinced that the Aladura healing process is divinely directed and efficacious. However, the research also found some healing practices among the Aladura which contradict Christian belief. This article concluded that, barring these abuses, the Aladura healing process is justified as a Christian practice. Contribution: This research is a contribution in Christian ethics. It postulates that the healing rituals of the Aladura churches in Nigeria could be an acceptable Christian practice if the excesses are avoided
阿拉杜拉先知和先知们为他们的客户做了神圣的准备,用于治疗目的。eto的实践与youba传统的治疗方法有着惊人的相似之处。然而,有一种观点认为,阿拉杜拉的治疗仪式也可能是对耶稣方法的模仿。因此,本文根据耶稣使用唾沫进行治疗的情况来研究这些仪式,以确定它们是否作为基督教的实践是合理的。应用读者导向和描述的方法,本文发现,除了与耶稣的方法相似,一些人相信Aladura的治疗过程是神圣的指导和有效的。然而,研究也发现阿拉杜拉人的一些治疗方法与基督教信仰相矛盾。这篇文章的结论是,排除这些虐待,Aladura治疗过程作为一种基督教实践是合理的。贡献:本研究是对基督教伦理学的贡献。它假定,如果避免过度行为,尼日利亚阿拉杜拉教堂的治疗仪式可以成为一种可接受的基督教习俗
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引用次数: 0
The woman of Shunem (2 Ki 4:8–37) and Reformed Church in Zimbabwe women: Towards a recognition of oft-forgotten heroes 书念的妇女(王下4:8-37)和津巴布韦归正教会的妇女:走向对经常被遗忘的英雄的认可
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.4102/ids.v57i1.2907
Canisius Mwandayi, Itai Shoshore
Historically, women have remained subjects of subordination by their male counterparts despite their critical social role. While they have continuously been entangled in the web of patriarchy, some of them, however, have been able to use their agency to re-assert themselves and influence how the world should positively think about women. This article interrogated the innovative ways in which the woman of Shunem and the Zvishavane women of faith of the Reformed Church in Zimbabwe (RCZ), have been at the forefront, proactively exercising their agency to confront the death-dealing and life-diminishing forces confronting them. Countering their portrayal as persons who simply did what was expected of them as women, this article recognised and celebrated their indispensable contributions towards the welfare of their communities. Grounded on narrative analysis, this article engaged the woman of Shunem’s narrative and re-read it from her vantage point. Using a hermeneutic of identification, the narrative was put side by side with that of the RCZ women of faith. The overarching framework underpinning the study was that of the feminist liberating-seeking framework. In the pursuit of this framework, cultural and religious powers that influence the exploitation of women are acknowledged and effort is made to transform the society from the oppressive system of patriarchy so as to liberate women in particular. A re-reading of the woman of Shunem’s narrative showed that she was a woman of great character. Despite the couple being childless, she never allowed community expectations to put pressure on her as she expressed contentment with her situation. Her greatness also is reflected through her hospitality, self-abnegation and determination. While what she did, is to some extent comparable to what RCZ women have done and still do today, she admittedly was a step ahead. As such, her tenacity can be used as a leverage to influence the majority of women still caught up in the web of patriarchy in this contemporary world. The long-standing perception of women as capable only of doing what is expected of them, needs to be challenged and biblical passages reinterpreted to ensure the liberation of everyone, especially women due to their vulnerability.Contribution: This research contributed to the scope of In die Skriflig in that it brought on board the experiences of women in the RCZ against the background of the Shunammite woman in 2 Kings 4:8–37. In a scientific way, the research argued for the recognition of these often-forgotten heroes.
从历史上看,尽管女性在社会中扮演着重要的角色,但她们仍然是男性的从属对象。虽然她们一直被父权制的网络纠缠,但她们中的一些人却能够利用自己的力量重新确立自己的地位,并影响世界应该如何积极看待女性。这篇文章探讨了Shunem的妇女和津巴布韦改革宗教会(RCZ)信仰的Zvishavane妇女站在最前线的创新方式,积极地行使她们的权力,以对抗她们所面临的死亡交易和生命减少的力量。这篇文章反驳了把她们描绘成只是做了人们对她们作为妇女的期望的人,承认并赞扬她们对社区福利所作的不可缺少的贡献。本文以叙事分析为基础,从叙事性的角度切入叙事性的女性,重新解读叙事性的叙事。使用认同的解释学,叙述与RCZ妇女的信仰并列。支撑这项研究的总体框架是女权主义者寻求解放的框架。在追求这一框架的过程中,承认了影响剥削妇女的文化和宗教力量,并努力使社会摆脱父权制的压迫制度,以解放妇女。重读舒宁女人的叙述,可以看出她是一个品格高尚的女人。尽管这对夫妇没有孩子,但她从未让社会的期望给她带来压力,她对自己的处境表示满意。她的伟大还体现在她的好客、自我克制和决心上。虽然她所做的,在某种程度上可以与RCZ女性所做的和今天仍然在做的相媲美,但她确实领先了一步。因此,她的坚韧可以作为一种杠杆,影响当代世界中仍困在父权制网络中的大多数女性。长期以来认为妇女只能做人们期望她们做的事的看法需要受到挑战,圣经段落需要重新解释,以确保每个人,特别是妇女的解放,因为她们是脆弱的。贡献:这项研究为《在死亡中》的范围做出了贡献,因为它将RCZ妇女的经历与列王纪下4:8-37中书念女子的背景结合起来。这项研究以科学的方式提出了对这些经常被遗忘的英雄的认可。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating professional counselling during marriage counselling within neo-Pentecostalism 在新五旬节派的婚姻咨询中整合专业咨询
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.4102/ids.v57i1.2920
M. S. Kgatle, Andrew Spaumer
by Pentecostal pastors. This will be achieved by reviewing the literature on counselling offered by pastors and its successes and failures. The integration of professional counselling with the counselling conducted by Pentecostal pastors will be discussed using the integrated approach as a theoretical framework. Contribution: This article makes a valuable contribution to the ongoing discourses on the abuse of religion among neo-Pentecostal churches by proposing an integration of professional counselling. This type of counselling is important for the ethical conduct of Pentecostal pastors as counsellors, correct diagnosis of problems, and providing an accurate solution.
由五旬节派牧师。这将通过审查有关牧师提供的咨询及其成功和失败的文献来实现。将专业咨询与五旬节派牧师进行的咨询结合起来,以综合方法作为理论框架进行讨论。贡献:本文通过提出专业咨询的整合,对新五旬节派教会滥用宗教的持续讨论做出了有价值的贡献。这种类型的咨询对于五旬节派牧师作为咨询师的道德行为,正确诊断问题并提供准确的解决方案非常重要。
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引用次数: 1
Israelvisie, die Nuwe Suid-Afrika en ‘Afrikaners’
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-03-08 DOI: 10.4102/ids.v57i1.2917
Leonie Meyfarth, M. Nel
new identity in a post-apartheid South Africa. It utilises a comparative literature analysis from a Pentecostal perspective. To gain insight into the movement, the article considers the origin, growth and teaching of British Israelism. It furthermore attempts to understand the cultural shifting that some Caucasian Afrikaans-speaking South Africans have experienced since the importation of democracy in 1994 and what types of identity correction could be expected from such a group. When comparing the traditional Afrikaner cultural themes in terms of the Israel Vision teachings, it emerges that, according to the teachings of Israel Vision (and British Israelism), the Caucasian people are what is referred to as the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel – the covenantal descendants of Abraham. God has a specific plan for these tribes. Adherents of these teachings define their identity in these exclusive terms. This article attempts to define what the Bible teaches regarding the old and new covenant as well as exclusivity and inclusivity to evaluate the Israel Vision teachings. It concludes that it results in the rejection of Jesus Christ as the Messiah and Saviour along with an unacceptable exclusivism of people of colour considering Scripture by limiting salvation to the so-called Ten Lost Tribes. This article aims to inform church leaders and Christians as regards the main teachings of the movement and its theological and existential dangers to assist believers influenced by the Israel Vision teachings. Contribution: This research aims to contribute to the field of practical theology by determining that some white South Africans have attempted to restructure their culture after the forming of a democracy in South Africa (1994) by participation in ideological groups such as the Israel Vision movement and ascribing to British Israelism. The theological and ethical grounds on which these movements rest, pose a threat to the teachings of the traditional Christian denominations in South Africa due to the racist ideology that is inherent in these groups and aim to exclude the majority of South Africans from the faith community.
后种族隔离时代南非的新身份它利用比较文学分析从五旬节派的角度。本文从英国以色列主义的起源、发展和教化三个方面对这一运动进行了考察。此外,它试图了解自1994年引进民主制度以来,一些讲南非荷兰语的白人南非人所经历的文化转变,以及可以从这样一个群体中期待什么样的身份矫正。当将传统的阿非利卡文化主题与以色列异象教义进行比较时,根据以色列异象(和英国以色列主义)的教义,高加索人被称为以色列的十个失落部落——亚伯拉罕的契约后裔。神对这些部落有一个特别的计划。这些教义的信徒用这些排他性的术语来定义他们的身份。本文试图定义圣经关于旧约和新约的教导,以及排他性和包容性,以评估以色列异象的教导。它的结论是,它导致了对耶稣基督作为弥赛亚和救世主的拒绝,以及对有色人种的不可接受的排他主义,他们认为圣经把救恩限制在所谓的十失落部落。本文旨在告知教会领袖和基督徒关于运动的主要教义及其神学和存在的危险,以帮助受以色列异象教义影响的信徒。贡献:本研究旨在通过确定一些南非白人在南非形成民主(1994年)后,通过参与意识形态团体,如以色列异象运动,并归因于英国以色列主义,试图重构他们的文化,从而对实践神学领域做出贡献。这些运动所依据的神学和伦理理由对南非传统基督教教派的教义构成威胁,因为这些团体固有的种族主义意识形态,其目的是将大多数南非人排除在信仰社区之外。
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引用次数: 0
Where is God when it hurts? Theodicy from the pain of COVID-19 受伤的时候上帝在哪里?从COVID-19的痛苦中解脱出来
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-03-07 DOI: 10.4102/ids.v57i1.2922
K. T. Resane
guide and heal despite crises facing humanity. Humanity still needs post-grief healing and closure in order to reimagine and reassert normality of life. Contribution: The author aims to highlight the importance of healing during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, and how to answer the question of theodicy during the crises. How does one reconcile the goodness of God and the devastation of a pandemic during and after sufferings the world has experienced when one’s socio-cultural structures are challenged?
引导和治愈人类面临的危机。人类仍然需要悲伤后的治愈和结束,以重新想象和重申正常的生活。贡献:作者旨在强调在COVID-19大流行期间和之后治愈的重要性,以及如何回答危机期间的神正论问题。当一个人的社会文化结构受到挑战时,在世界经历苦难期间和之后,一个人如何调和上帝的善良和流行病的破坏?
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引用次数: 0
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