{"title":"Biography: Gustavus Watts Cunningham","authors":"R. Hull","doi":"10.5840/APAPA2013592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/APAPA2013592","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":443144,"journal":{"name":"The American Philosophical Association Centennial Series","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129419031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biography: Frederick Ludwig Will","authors":"R. Hull","doi":"10.5840/APAPA2013387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/APAPA2013387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":443144,"journal":{"name":"The American Philosophical Association Centennial Series","volume":"07 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127217469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biography: John Madison Cooper","authors":"R. Hull","doi":"10.5840/APAPA201392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/APAPA201392","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":443144,"journal":{"name":"The American Philosophical Association Centennial Series","volume":"17 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130509100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Admittedly, ours is not an age of metaphysics. It is not a period when philosophy is dominated by the system-builder and the speculative constructionist. The grand and integrative view of the whole of Reality is not fashionable and, in a very profound sense, man has become a problem unto himself. Positivism, existentialism, linguistic analysis-these, each in its own way, have determined the course of development of contemporary philosophy. Metaphysical statements, so we are told,x are but expressions of feelings, of wishful thinking, of unconscious needs, desires, and fantasies, and are therefore not true of Reality. The statements may be profoundly important to the individual who makes and believes them, but they have no objective reference. They are not knowledge. A philosophical problem is solved, according to this view, when we have explained why the philosopher is interested in it; why he has raised it at all. The problem is solved, in other words, when we know the subconscious needs and desires of the philosopher himself; when we comprehend his sublimations and frustrations, his insecurities and his startling compensations. But is philosophy, so understood, really more than psychotherapy of a particular kind? Is it a discipline worth pursuing in itself; worth the devotion of a lifetime? Or must we abdicate as philosophers and leave the field to psychoanalysts and therapists? One well may wonder. Still, philosophy is born of wonder-and of a questioning disbelief in the obvious. And, traditionally at least, the philosopher has not been preoccupied with problems of language. His concern with the clarification of linguistic expressions has been subservient to other ends. And never did it occur to him that his use of language was but the product of wishful thinking. He was crucially concerned with
{"title":"Reflections on the Possibilities of Metaphysics","authors":"W. Werkmeister","doi":"10.5840/apapa2013344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/apapa2013344","url":null,"abstract":"Admittedly, ours is not an age of metaphysics. It is not a period when philosophy is dominated by the system-builder and the speculative constructionist. The grand and integrative view of the whole of Reality is not fashionable and, in a very profound sense, man has become a problem unto himself. Positivism, existentialism, linguistic analysis-these, each in its own way, have determined the course of development of contemporary philosophy. Metaphysical statements, so we are told,x are but expressions of feelings, of wishful thinking, of unconscious needs, desires, and fantasies, and are therefore not true of Reality. The statements may be profoundly important to the individual who makes and believes them, but they have no objective reference. They are not knowledge. A philosophical problem is solved, according to this view, when we have explained why the philosopher is interested in it; why he has raised it at all. The problem is solved, in other words, when we know the subconscious needs and desires of the philosopher himself; when we comprehend his sublimations and frustrations, his insecurities and his startling compensations. But is philosophy, so understood, really more than psychotherapy of a particular kind? Is it a discipline worth pursuing in itself; worth the devotion of a lifetime? Or must we abdicate as philosophers and leave the field to psychoanalysts and therapists? One well may wonder. Still, philosophy is born of wonder-and of a questioning disbelief in the obvious. And, traditionally at least, the philosopher has not been preoccupied with problems of language. His concern with the clarification of linguistic expressions has been subservient to other ends. And never did it occur to him that his use of language was but the product of wishful thinking. He was crucially concerned with","PeriodicalId":443144,"journal":{"name":"The American Philosophical Association Centennial Series","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131649504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biography: Alvin Ira Goldman","authors":"R. Hull","doi":"10.5840/APAPA201320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/APAPA201320","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":443144,"journal":{"name":"The American Philosophical Association Centennial Series","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125320008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biography: Monroe Curtis Beardsley","authors":"R. Hull","doi":"10.5840/APAPA2013280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/APAPA2013280","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":443144,"journal":{"name":"The American Philosophical Association Centennial Series","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116154581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biography: George Plimpton Adams","authors":"R. Hull","doi":"10.5840/APAPA2013738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/APAPA2013738","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":443144,"journal":{"name":"The American Philosophical Association Centennial Series","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122608580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Should not philosophy begin to be its age? Prior to 1900, when science was still classical science established upon supposedly absolute principles, philosophy could be metaphysics reconstructing science upon new absolute foundations, or criticism which challenged every claim to absolute knowledge. But since 1900 science has become wholly empirical, and invites neither reconstruction nor criticism. The philosophical pursuit of value-knowledge must evidently strike a new direction; and the only direction open to it is one which will show empirical science itself to be value-knowledge. The question is how this may be done. Three epochal discoveries dethroned classical thought, which had established knowledge upon absolute a priori principles. The first was the disestablishment of absolute geometry, which left only statistical description, implemented by arithmetic. The second was the so-called uncertainty principle, the discovery that physical change is not subject to exact and exhaustive theoretical analysis. The third was G*del's proof of the incompletability of number-theory, which entails the incompletability of all theory. These three discoveries preclude any restoration of classical science and philosophy. Six men-Michelson and Morley, Einstein, Planck and Heisenberg, and GiSdel-brought the long classical age to a close. Shall we pretend that these things have not happened? Shall we still be occupied with a priori principles, calling these analytic or tautologous instead of synthetic on the ground that they support a theory descriptive only of language? Or shall we be our age, which is 1950 and not 1900 A.D., and acknowledge that contemporary science permits of no appeal to self-evident principles? If we claim to be empirical;we should be honest, and not hide from empirical truth behind exploded logical tradition.
{"title":"The Science of Creation","authors":"Hugh Miller","doi":"10.5840/APAPA2013409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/APAPA2013409","url":null,"abstract":"Should not philosophy begin to be its age? Prior to 1900, when science was still classical science established upon supposedly absolute principles, philosophy could be metaphysics reconstructing science upon new absolute foundations, or criticism which challenged every claim to absolute knowledge. But since 1900 science has become wholly empirical, and invites neither reconstruction nor criticism. The philosophical pursuit of value-knowledge must evidently strike a new direction; and the only direction open to it is one which will show empirical science itself to be value-knowledge. The question is how this may be done. Three epochal discoveries dethroned classical thought, which had established knowledge upon absolute a priori principles. The first was the disestablishment of absolute geometry, which left only statistical description, implemented by arithmetic. The second was the so-called uncertainty principle, the discovery that physical change is not subject to exact and exhaustive theoretical analysis. The third was G*del's proof of the incompletability of number-theory, which entails the incompletability of all theory. These three discoveries preclude any restoration of classical science and philosophy. Six men-Michelson and Morley, Einstein, Planck and Heisenberg, and GiSdel-brought the long classical age to a close. Shall we pretend that these things have not happened? Shall we still be occupied with a priori principles, calling these analytic or tautologous instead of synthetic on the ground that they support a theory descriptive only of language? Or shall we be our age, which is 1950 and not 1900 A.D., and acknowledge that contemporary science permits of no appeal to self-evident principles? If we claim to be empirical;we should be honest, and not hide from empirical truth behind exploded logical tradition.","PeriodicalId":443144,"journal":{"name":"The American Philosophical Association Centennial Series","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122686542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Data of Aesthetics","authors":"B. Jessup","doi":"10.5840/APAPA2013455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/APAPA2013455","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":443144,"journal":{"name":"The American Philosophical Association Centennial Series","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131253465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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