With the evolution of new polymers and an increase in their scope for applications, the use of natural resources such as petroleum products for polymer production has seen a drastic increase in the past few years. With production rates higher than ever and rapid, unsafe disposal of used polymers, it has taken a toll on the environment and other species through pollution. Even though there are alternative solutions, including bioplastics manufactured from greener sources and biodegradable plastics that can disintegrate in a shorter time period, these alternatives are currently in their early stages and hence expensive. They are also more challenging to meet the high demands in terms of both quantity and properties. The next nearest alternative, recycling, is another best available solution to avoid plastic waste entering landfills and to reduce raw material demands. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of a newly introduced SEBS-based property enhancer (WinMod 300) with disposed HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene) and a Maleic Anhydride-grafted SEBS compatibilizer (WinMod 110) with disposed multilayer films (LDPE and Polyester layers). Recycled compounds were tested for necessary and significant mechanical properties and material characterization techniques, and the results are presented in this study.
{"title":"Recycling of HIPS and multilayer films with SEBS based additives","authors":"Elangovan Kasi, Vishwa Krishnakumar","doi":"10.1680/jnaen.23.00045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.23.00045","url":null,"abstract":"With the evolution of new polymers and an increase in their scope for applications, the use of natural resources such as petroleum products for polymer production has seen a drastic increase in the past few years. With production rates higher than ever and rapid, unsafe disposal of used polymers, it has taken a toll on the environment and other species through pollution. Even though there are alternative solutions, including bioplastics manufactured from greener sources and biodegradable plastics that can disintegrate in a shorter time period, these alternatives are currently in their early stages and hence expensive. They are also more challenging to meet the high demands in terms of both quantity and properties. The next nearest alternative, recycling, is another best available solution to avoid plastic waste entering landfills and to reduce raw material demands. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of a newly introduced SEBS-based property enhancer (WinMod 300) with disposed HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene) and a Maleic Anhydride-grafted SEBS compatibilizer (WinMod 110) with disposed multilayer films (LDPE and Polyester layers). Recycled compounds were tested for necessary and significant mechanical properties and material characterization techniques, and the results are presented in this study.","PeriodicalId":44365,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Biswas, Aniruddha Mondal, Prasenjit Mandal, D. K. Maiti, Sandeep Poddar, Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin Sheikh Mohd Ghazali
Hydrogenated Diamond-like Carbon (HDLC) films were synthesized through a reactive gas-plasma process employing methane (CH4) and hydrogen (H2) as precursor gases on a silicon (100) wafer substrate, conducted at room temperature. The deposition process utilized a biased enhanced nucleation technique (BEN), varying the flow rate ratio of H2 and CH4. Our investigations revealed that increasing the CH4 flow rate led to a reduction in grain size and an augmented nucleation density of HDLC, as evidenced by contact mode atomic force microscope images. This study demonstrates the effective control of diamond grain growth by introducing high CH4 concentration pulses during deposition. The field emission characteristics of HDLC samples were analyzed, revealing threshold fields of 12.2 V/μm for nanocrystalline films, 8.5 V/μm for sub-crystalline films, and 4.1 V/μm for microcrystalline films, corroborated by Raman spectra. Surface energy measurements indicated hydrophobic behavior in the samples. Notably, a decrease in the H2/CH4 ratio was found to increase the sp2 character, which correlated with the emission field. Atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis of HDLC samples yielded surface roughness values ranging from 0.2 nm to approximately 0.01 nm, affirming the continuous, nonporous, and smooth nature of the surfaces.
{"title":"Study on particle size and field effect with sp2/sp3 ratio of hydrogenated diamond-like carbon","authors":"H. Biswas, Aniruddha Mondal, Prasenjit Mandal, D. K. Maiti, Sandeep Poddar, Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin Sheikh Mohd Ghazali","doi":"10.1680/jnaen.23.00065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.23.00065","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogenated Diamond-like Carbon (HDLC) films were synthesized through a reactive gas-plasma process employing methane (CH4) and hydrogen (H2) as precursor gases on a silicon (100) wafer substrate, conducted at room temperature. The deposition process utilized a biased enhanced nucleation technique (BEN), varying the flow rate ratio of H2 and CH4. Our investigations revealed that increasing the CH4 flow rate led to a reduction in grain size and an augmented nucleation density of HDLC, as evidenced by contact mode atomic force microscope images. This study demonstrates the effective control of diamond grain growth by introducing high CH4 concentration pulses during deposition. The field emission characteristics of HDLC samples were analyzed, revealing threshold fields of 12.2 V/μm for nanocrystalline films, 8.5 V/μm for sub-crystalline films, and 4.1 V/μm for microcrystalline films, corroborated by Raman spectra. Surface energy measurements indicated hydrophobic behavior in the samples. Notably, a decrease in the H2/CH4 ratio was found to increase the sp2 character, which correlated with the emission field. Atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis of HDLC samples yielded surface roughness values ranging from 0.2 nm to approximately 0.01 nm, affirming the continuous, nonporous, and smooth nature of the surfaces.","PeriodicalId":44365,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138608838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GA and CA4 were used as antitumor drugs to prepare TP polymers by raft, ATRP and click polymerization. GPC characterization showed that the molecular weights of cy7.5, C7A and peg in pek5k Lys azma cy7.5-c7atp polymer were 5K. The particle size of GA and CA-4 embedded in 10 mgtp and LP polymers is 3.2 mg. The toxicity of CA-4 is low, while the toxicity of GA is high. For LP and TP polymers, higher apoptosis rate will be produced under laser irradiation. The polymers are aggregated at the tumor site, which indicates that the polymer system has a better in vivo distribution effect, and the aggregation effect of TP polymer is better than that of LP polymer. The TP polymer prepared by the research has good antitumor effect and biological effect, and can be popularized and applied in the targeted treatment of tumor diseases.
{"title":"Preparation of acid-sensitive polymeric oncology drug carriers and analysis of their efficacy","authors":"Sen Niu","doi":"10.1680/jnaen.22.00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.22.00031","url":null,"abstract":"GA and CA4 were used as antitumor drugs to prepare TP polymers by raft, ATRP and click polymerization. GPC characterization showed that the molecular weights of cy7.5, C7A and peg in pek5k Lys azma cy7.5-c7atp polymer were 5K. The particle size of GA and CA-4 embedded in 10 mgtp and LP polymers is 3.2 mg. The toxicity of CA-4 is low, while the toxicity of GA is high. For LP and TP polymers, higher apoptosis rate will be produced under laser irradiation. The polymers are aggregated at the tumor site, which indicates that the polymer system has a better in vivo distribution effect, and the aggregation effect of TP polymer is better than that of LP polymer. The TP polymer prepared by the research has good antitumor effect and biological effect, and can be popularized and applied in the targeted treatment of tumor diseases.","PeriodicalId":44365,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139022106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Double perovskite solar cells (DPSCs) are environment-friendly materials used for the efficient conversion of solar energy to electrical energy for tremendous growth in the development of the photovoltaic community. In the present manuscript, SCAPS-1D software is used for the study of Cs2AgBiBr6 absorber-based double perovskite solar cells with SnO2 and MoO3 as ETL and HTL respectively. Parameters such as short circuit current density, fill factor, open circuit voltage, power conversion efficiency, and quantum efficiency have been analyzed under the working temperature, absorber thickness, metal work function, and defect concentration. After the optimization of the device, the electrical parameters of perovskite solar cells such as PCE 11.41 %, Jsc 9.4741 mAcm−2, FF 72.61 %, and Voc 1.419 V were achieved. This configuration allows the researcher to characterize basic solar cell features to achieve high photovoltaic device outcomes.
{"title":"Numerical investigation of Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskite solar cell with optimized performances","authors":"V. Srivastava, R. Chauhan, P. Lohia","doi":"10.1680/jnaen.23.00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.23.00023","url":null,"abstract":"Double perovskite solar cells (DPSCs) are environment-friendly materials used for the efficient conversion of solar energy to electrical energy for tremendous growth in the development of the photovoltaic community. In the present manuscript, SCAPS-1D software is used for the study of Cs2AgBiBr6 absorber-based double perovskite solar cells with SnO2 and MoO3 as ETL and HTL respectively. Parameters such as short circuit current density, fill factor, open circuit voltage, power conversion efficiency, and quantum efficiency have been analyzed under the working temperature, absorber thickness, metal work function, and defect concentration. After the optimization of the device, the electrical parameters of perovskite solar cells such as PCE 11.41 %, Jsc 9.4741 mAcm−2, FF 72.61 %, and Voc 1.419 V were achieved. This configuration allows the researcher to characterize basic solar cell features to achieve high photovoltaic device outcomes.","PeriodicalId":44365,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43656563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Basilio Joseaugusto Jose, M. D. Shinde, Che Abdullah Che Azuranahim
The global community faces significant challenges in energy and the environment. Scientists and engineers have developed innovative techniques in nanotechnology and material science, particularly in eco-friendly synthesis of metal oxides, to address these challenges. This review discusses current trends in eco-friendly synthesis and technological applications of ZnO nanostructures beyond the biomedical field mostly presented in the literature. Green synthesis methods of ZnO have attracted researchers due to their low toxicity, versatility, and environmentally friendly nature. ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) possess unique optical and thermal characteristics, a wide band gap, high excitation binding energy, and GRASE status, contributing to their broad range of applications. Conventional synthesis methods were reported to have potential toxicity effects, while green synthesis offers recognized advantages. The review also explores the mechanism of ZnO NP formation. Moreover, this review provides an overview of diverse applications of ZnO NPs, including energy devices (solar cells), cement concrete, sensors, water and environmental remediation, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), coolants and biomedical. Further studies are recommended to explore additional properties and applications of ZnO NPs using the latest environmentally friendly approaches.
{"title":"Zinc oxide nanostructures: review on the current updates of eco-friendly synthesis and technological applications","authors":"Basilio Joseaugusto Jose, M. D. Shinde, Che Abdullah Che Azuranahim","doi":"10.1680/jnaen.23.00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.23.00018","url":null,"abstract":"The global community faces significant challenges in energy and the environment. Scientists and engineers have developed innovative techniques in nanotechnology and material science, particularly in eco-friendly synthesis of metal oxides, to address these challenges. This review discusses current trends in eco-friendly synthesis and technological applications of ZnO nanostructures beyond the biomedical field mostly presented in the literature. Green synthesis methods of ZnO have attracted researchers due to their low toxicity, versatility, and environmentally friendly nature. ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) possess unique optical and thermal characteristics, a wide band gap, high excitation binding energy, and GRASE status, contributing to their broad range of applications. Conventional synthesis methods were reported to have potential toxicity effects, while green synthesis offers recognized advantages. The review also explores the mechanism of ZnO NP formation. Moreover, this review provides an overview of diverse applications of ZnO NPs, including energy devices (solar cells), cement concrete, sensors, water and environmental remediation, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), coolants and biomedical. Further studies are recommended to explore additional properties and applications of ZnO NPs using the latest environmentally friendly approaches.","PeriodicalId":44365,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46897748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1680/jnaen.2023.12.3.90
K. Balani
{"title":"Editorial: Meeting global energy demand in a sustainable future","authors":"K. Balani","doi":"10.1680/jnaen.2023.12.3.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.2023.12.3.90","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44365,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
India is a tropical country that gets a significant amount of solar irradiation that is suitable for photovoltaic (PV) applications. The country is also endowed with wind energy in its large coastal areas. India is an agro-economic country that has a growing need for irrigation. Utilization of hybrid renewable energy for the agricultural needs of the country would be a step towards a sustainable future. For the environmental conditions of Haldia, a standalone Photovoltaic-Wind-Lead Acid Battery hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) was developed to cater to the need of agricultural activities. The investigation is conducted for the impact of PV penetration on the system’s wind energy capacity, battery capacity, capacity shortage, net present cost (NPC), cost of energy (COE), PV and wind energy percentage, and surplus energy produced. The optimization is based on the assumption that the HRES has no unmet load and the lowest COE. The research provides a range of Wind energy capacity for the location with no unmet loads. The research discovers the site’s ideal HRES with a COE of 0.312 $ per kWh. This study may help farmers by boosting their reliance on power from renewable energy sources and decreasing their dependency on grid power for agricultural activities.
{"title":"Effect of photovoltaic energy penetration on photovoltaic-wind hybrid renewable energy system","authors":"Madhumita Das, R. Mandal","doi":"10.1680/jnaen.23.00052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.23.00052","url":null,"abstract":"India is a tropical country that gets a significant amount of solar irradiation that is suitable for photovoltaic (PV) applications. The country is also endowed with wind energy in its large coastal areas. India is an agro-economic country that has a growing need for irrigation. Utilization of hybrid renewable energy for the agricultural needs of the country would be a step towards a sustainable future. For the environmental conditions of Haldia, a standalone Photovoltaic-Wind-Lead Acid Battery hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) was developed to cater to the need of agricultural activities. The investigation is conducted for the impact of PV penetration on the system’s wind energy capacity, battery capacity, capacity shortage, net present cost (NPC), cost of energy (COE), PV and wind energy percentage, and surplus energy produced. The optimization is based on the assumption that the HRES has no unmet load and the lowest COE. The research provides a range of Wind energy capacity for the location with no unmet loads. The research discovers the site’s ideal HRES with a COE of 0.312 $ per kWh. This study may help farmers by boosting their reliance on power from renewable energy sources and decreasing their dependency on grid power for agricultural activities.","PeriodicalId":44365,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46779787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concept of "Energy Transition" embodies a strategic shift from conventional fossil fuels to cleaner and more sustainable energy sources. It represents a visionary pathway towards a future where humanity can thrive without compromising the delicate balance of our planet’s ecosystems. This transformative journey acknowledges the imperative of reducing carbon emissions, mitigating climate change, and fostering energy security. The roadmap to a sustainable future through energy transition is a multifaceted endeavor that spans technological innovation, policy reform, and societal engagement. As societies worldwide confront the challenges posed by climate change, the need to transition from fossil fuels to renewable and low-carbon energy sources has become paramount. This transition involves a meticulous orchestration of efforts aimed at curbing greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing energy efficiency, and ensuring the equitable distribution of energy access.This study looks into the technological and financial implications of an accelerated energy transition by 2050, with the help of new data on renewable energy. It is suggested that this shift will be largely driven by energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies, which have a significant relationship. Favorable profitable conditions, quickly accessible resources, scalable technology, and significant socioeconomic benefits provide support to the energy transition.
{"title":"Energy transition- paving the way for a greener future","authors":"A. R., Treshella Laishram, Sasmita Bal","doi":"10.1680/jnaen.23.00057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.23.00057","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of \"Energy Transition\" embodies a strategic shift from conventional fossil fuels to cleaner and more sustainable energy sources. It represents a visionary pathway towards a future where humanity can thrive without compromising the delicate balance of our planet’s ecosystems. This transformative journey acknowledges the imperative of reducing carbon emissions, mitigating climate change, and fostering energy security. The roadmap to a sustainable future through energy transition is a multifaceted endeavor that spans technological innovation, policy reform, and societal engagement. As societies worldwide confront the challenges posed by climate change, the need to transition from fossil fuels to renewable and low-carbon energy sources has become paramount. This transition involves a meticulous orchestration of efforts aimed at curbing greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing energy efficiency, and ensuring the equitable distribution of energy access.This study looks into the technological and financial implications of an accelerated energy transition by 2050, with the help of new data on renewable energy. It is suggested that this shift will be largely driven by energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies, which have a significant relationship. Favorable profitable conditions, quickly accessible resources, scalable technology, and significant socioeconomic benefits provide support to the energy transition.","PeriodicalId":44365,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48676619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work examines SrMoO4 spindle particles decorated at reduced graphene oxide (SrMoO4@rGO) as hydrogen-evolving electrocatalysts in acid-water electrolytes. A facile solvothermal method was employed for the preparation of SrMoO4@rGO. The phase formation and presence of rGO were confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and morphology was determined by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The developed material's electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity was studied using various voltammetric techniques in a three-electrode cell system in an acidic environment. A comparative study of HER activity among SrMoO4, SrMoO4@rGO, 20 wt.%Pt/C has been done. An increased rate of hydrogen evolution was observed for SrMoO4@Rgo compared to free-standing SrMoO4.
{"title":"Solvothermally synthesized micro spindle SrMoO4/rGO hybrid as efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction from acid water","authors":"Aruna K. Kunhiraman, Muhammad Rahees P, A. R","doi":"10.1680/jnaen.23.00047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.23.00047","url":null,"abstract":"This work examines SrMoO4 spindle particles decorated at reduced graphene oxide (SrMoO4@rGO) as hydrogen-evolving electrocatalysts in acid-water electrolytes. A facile solvothermal method was employed for the preparation of SrMoO4@rGO. The phase formation and presence of rGO were confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and morphology was determined by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The developed material's electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity was studied using various voltammetric techniques in a three-electrode cell system in an acidic environment. A comparative study of HER activity among SrMoO4, SrMoO4@rGO, 20 wt.%Pt/C has been done. An increased rate of hydrogen evolution was observed for SrMoO4@Rgo compared to free-standing SrMoO4.","PeriodicalId":44365,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46021643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Dinarelli, A. Sikora, A. Sorbo, M. Rossi, D. Passeri
The design, optimization, and realization of innovative nanocomposite materials for advanced applications in a broad range of fields, from energy, automotive, photonics, to biology and nanomedicine require the capability to characterize their physical (e.g., mechanical, electric, magnetic...) properties from a multiscale perspective, in particular, not only at the macroscopic scale, but also at the nanometer one. In particular, methods are needed to characterize mechanical properties with nanometer lateral resolution, in order to understand the contribution of the nanosized features of the materials and the related phenomena. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been evolved from a tool for the morphological analysis of the sample surface to an integrated platform for the physicochemical characterization of samples. Current AFM systems host several advanced techniques for the mechanical characterization of materials with high speed and high lateral resolution in a broad range of mechanical moduli, e.g., from stiff samples (e.g., coatings, crystals…) to soft materials (e.g., polymers, biological samples...), in different environments (e.g., air, vacuum, liquid), and conditions (controlled humidity, controlled temperature). Here, short review of AFM based methods for the nanomechanical characterization of materials, in particular force spectroscopy, is reported, with emphasis on the materials which can be analyzed.
{"title":"Atomic force microscopy as a tool for mechanical characterizations at the nanometer scale","authors":"S. Dinarelli, A. Sikora, A. Sorbo, M. Rossi, D. Passeri","doi":"10.1680/jnaen.23.00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.23.00016","url":null,"abstract":"The design, optimization, and realization of innovative nanocomposite materials for advanced applications in a broad range of fields, from energy, automotive, photonics, to biology and nanomedicine require the capability to characterize their physical (e.g., mechanical, electric, magnetic...) properties from a multiscale perspective, in particular, not only at the macroscopic scale, but also at the nanometer one. In particular, methods are needed to characterize mechanical properties with nanometer lateral resolution, in order to understand the contribution of the nanosized features of the materials and the related phenomena. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been evolved from a tool for the morphological analysis of the sample surface to an integrated platform for the physicochemical characterization of samples. Current AFM systems host several advanced techniques for the mechanical characterization of materials with high speed and high lateral resolution in a broad range of mechanical moduli, e.g., from stiff samples (e.g., coatings, crystals…) to soft materials (e.g., polymers, biological samples...), in different environments (e.g., air, vacuum, liquid), and conditions (controlled humidity, controlled temperature). Here, short review of AFM based methods for the nanomechanical characterization of materials, in particular force spectroscopy, is reported, with emphasis on the materials which can be analyzed.","PeriodicalId":44365,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44386954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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