The urban transformations taking place throughout the region of former Yugoslavia are best exemplified in the capitals of the once-communist federation’s successor states. The recent urban developments in the cities of Belgrade, Zagreb, and Sarajevo illustrate the realities of contemporary societies in the Balkans and the socio-political shifts of the period of transition. The built environments of the newly capitalist countries serve as exaggerated, yet emblematic examples of nation-building projects and their deep entwinement with economic processes unfolding throughout post-communist South-Eastern Europe. However, the links between the post-socialist urban and national identity, as well as politics and economy, remain understudied. In this paper, I enquire into the present-day urban transformations of Sarajevo, Belgrade, and Zagreb. I examine these cities within the context of post-Yugoslav economic and political space, exploring the particularities of the creation of built environments that no longer exist on the Yugoslav periphery, but now are at the centre of newly democratic societies. Through the investigation of the political, economic, and architectural particularities of Belgrade Waterfront and Zagreb Manhattan development projects, and Sarajevo City Center commercial complex, I examine the influx of foreign funds – mainly from the Middle East – and their impacts on the construction of regional urban centres. I argue that the modern-day capitals of post-Yugoslav states are developing as products of the interpolation of a communist past into the capitalist present characterised by the perpetual quest for “Europe”, and in line with the broader socio-political and architectural trends in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe. In post-Yugoslavia, urban practices are problematically interwoven with politics: the cities simultaneously serve as displays of geopolitical change and catalysts for social transformation in post-socialist societies.
{"title":"The Urban Transformations of Post-Yugoslavia: Negotiating the Contemporary City in Sarajevo, Belgrade, and Zagreb","authors":"Maja Babić","doi":"10.1553/MOEGG162S25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/MOEGG162S25","url":null,"abstract":"The urban transformations taking place throughout the region of former Yugoslavia are best exemplified in the capitals of the once-communist federation’s successor states. The recent urban developments in the cities of Belgrade, Zagreb, and Sarajevo illustrate the realities of contemporary societies in the Balkans and the socio-political shifts of the period of transition. The built environments of the newly capitalist countries serve as exaggerated, yet emblematic examples of nation-building projects and their deep entwinement with economic processes unfolding throughout post-communist South-Eastern Europe. However, the links between the post-socialist urban and national identity, as well as politics and economy, remain understudied. In this paper, I enquire into the present-day urban transformations of Sarajevo, Belgrade, and Zagreb. I examine these cities within the context of post-Yugoslav economic and political space, exploring the particularities of the creation of built environments that no longer exist on the Yugoslav periphery, but now are at the centre of newly democratic societies. Through the investigation of the political, economic, and architectural particularities of Belgrade Waterfront and Zagreb Manhattan development projects, and Sarajevo City Center commercial complex, I examine the influx of foreign funds – mainly from the Middle East – and their impacts on the construction of regional urban centres. I argue that the modern-day capitals of post-Yugoslav states are developing as products of the interpolation of a communist past into the capitalist present characterised by the perpetual quest for “Europe”, and in line with the broader socio-political and architectural trends in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe. In post-Yugoslavia, urban practices are problematically interwoven with politics: the cities simultaneously serve as displays of geopolitical change and catalysts for social transformation in post-socialist societies.","PeriodicalId":44373,"journal":{"name":"Mitteilungen Der Osterreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft","volume":"7 1","pages":"25-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73095088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper seeks to identify and assess the polarising, indirect and direct favourable influence of Belgrade, as the capital and the largest city in Serbia, in the development of settlements and centres within its administrative area, i.e. the territory administratively named the City of Belgrade. The paper includes an analysis of demographic trends, including commuting trends, and the functional and morphological changes in the settlements of the Belgrade region between 1971 and 2011. Various analytical and synthetic methods have been used to assess the investigated territory’s degree of transformation, including both positive effects and the negative consequences of the impact of various factors. Suburban areas are not clearly delimited. Belgrade’s urban area is not marked by social segregation. The initial hypothesis that the Belgrade region underwent a complex and multifaceted transformation has been confirmed, which will significantly determine future planning solutions, especially as regards the identified causes of the transformation, the factors of which have not been significantly changed in the transition, post-socialist period. The appropriateness of development planning measures and governing policies in this area is of crucial importance for the country as a whole.
{"title":"Transforming Metropolitan Regions – Evidence from Belgrade","authors":"Z. Živanović, B. Tošić, D. Gataric","doi":"10.1553/MOEGG162S439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/MOEGG162S439","url":null,"abstract":"The paper seeks to identify and assess the polarising, indirect and direct favourable influence of Belgrade, as the capital and the largest city in Serbia, in the development of settlements and centres within its administrative area, i.e. the territory administratively named the City of Belgrade. The paper includes an analysis of demographic trends, including commuting trends, and the functional and morphological changes in the settlements of the Belgrade region between 1971 and 2011. Various analytical and synthetic methods have been used to assess the investigated territory’s degree of transformation, including both positive effects and the negative consequences of the impact of various factors. Suburban areas are not clearly delimited. Belgrade’s urban area is not marked by social segregation. The initial hypothesis that the Belgrade region underwent a complex and multifaceted transformation has been confirmed, which will significantly determine future planning solutions, especially as regards the identified causes of the transformation, the factors of which have not been significantly changed in the transition, post-socialist period. The appropriateness of development planning measures and governing policies in this area is of crucial importance for the country as a whole.","PeriodicalId":44373,"journal":{"name":"Mitteilungen Der Osterreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft","volume":"23 1","pages":"439-468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81064794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Die Diskussion um Postwachstumsprozesse hat die kleinen, fruher unbeachtet gebliebenen Orte der Innovation entdeckt. Ungeplant und unkoordiniert entstandene Produktions- und Arbeitsformen wie zum Beispiel Fab Labs, Offene Werkstatten, Reallabore, Techshops, Repair Cafes und andere entziehen sich weitgehend den gewohnten Erklarungs- und Beschreibungskategorien der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung. Die Komplexitat ihrer Erscheinungsformen, ihre heterogene Verursachung, ihre kontingente Weiterentwicklung und ihre hybriden Arbeitsprozesse erfordern ergebnisoffene analytische Rekonstruktionen. Das Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, auf der Basis praxisnaher Tatigkeitsbeschreibungen jeweils Prozesse der Raumkontextualisierung und -zuschreibung zu rekonstruieren. Dies geschieht auf der Basis der leitenden Frage, inwieweit neue Arbeitsformen mit spezifischen Raumbezugen einhergehen und eine differenzierte Sicht auf unterschiedliche Prozesse der Ortsbildung erforderlich machen. Als analytischer Referenzfall werden Offene Werkstatten und die in ihnen vorherrschenden Arbeitsformen genauer betrachtet.
{"title":"Geographien experimenteller Arbeitsformen – Offene Werkstätten als Auskunftgeber über Mikro-Produktionsstandorte in Postwachstumskontexten","authors":"B. Lange, Hans-Joachim Bürkner","doi":"10.1553/MOEGG162S287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/MOEGG162S287","url":null,"abstract":"Die Diskussion um Postwachstumsprozesse hat die kleinen, fruher unbeachtet gebliebenen Orte der Innovation entdeckt. Ungeplant und unkoordiniert entstandene Produktions- und Arbeitsformen wie zum Beispiel Fab Labs, Offene Werkstatten, Reallabore, Techshops, Repair Cafes und andere entziehen sich weitgehend den gewohnten Erklarungs- und Beschreibungskategorien der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung. Die Komplexitat ihrer Erscheinungsformen, ihre heterogene Verursachung, ihre kontingente Weiterentwicklung und ihre hybriden Arbeitsprozesse erfordern ergebnisoffene analytische Rekonstruktionen. Das Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, auf der Basis praxisnaher Tatigkeitsbeschreibungen jeweils Prozesse der Raumkontextualisierung und -zuschreibung zu rekonstruieren. Dies geschieht auf der Basis der leitenden Frage, inwieweit neue Arbeitsformen mit spezifischen Raumbezugen einhergehen und eine differenzierte Sicht auf unterschiedliche Prozesse der Ortsbildung erforderlich machen. Als analytischer Referenzfall werden Offene Werkstatten und die in ihnen vorherrschenden Arbeitsformen genauer betrachtet.","PeriodicalId":44373,"journal":{"name":"Mitteilungen Der Osterreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft","volume":"113 1","pages":"287-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82497133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Karl Husa: From the Austrian Borderlands to the Thai Seaside. Appreciation on the Occasion of his 70th Birthday","authors":"Rainer Einzenberger, A. Trupp","doi":"10.1553/MOEGG162S556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/MOEGG162S556","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44373,"journal":{"name":"Mitteilungen Der Osterreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft","volume":"23 1","pages":"556-561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88267721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heinz Slupetzky zum Achtziger","authors":"G. K. Lieb","doi":"10.1553/MOEGG162S550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/MOEGG162S550","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44373,"journal":{"name":"Mitteilungen Der Osterreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft","volume":"21 1","pages":"550-555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86615397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Contemporary rural areas have been significantly changed. Thus, previous rural typologies are no longer valid and there is a need for developing and standardising new measures of rurality. We developed a set of 23 rural indicators which were tested on data on the characteristics of rural areas in contemporary Serbian society. Based on statistical analyses, four variables were excluded and three main rural attributes were confirmed (population change, economic dependency ratio, population density in the built-up area). The reduced set of 19 variables could be a relevant platform for establishing a rural typology in Central Serbia, but also for conducting precise analyses of the transformation of rural areas in similar post-socialist societies.
{"title":"The Socio-Spatial Aspect of Rurality – A Case Study of Rural Settlements in Central Serbia","authors":"Marija Drobnjaković, J. Čikić","doi":"10.1553/MOEGG162S469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/MOEGG162S469","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary rural areas have been significantly changed. Thus, previous rural typologies are no longer valid and there is a need for developing and standardising new measures of rurality. We developed a set of 23 rural indicators which were tested on data on the characteristics of rural areas in contemporary Serbian society. Based on statistical analyses, four variables were excluded and three main rural attributes were confirmed (population change, economic dependency ratio, population density in the built-up area). The reduced set of 19 variables could be a relevant platform for establishing a rural typology in Central Serbia, but also for conducting precise analyses of the transformation of rural areas in similar post-socialist societies.","PeriodicalId":44373,"journal":{"name":"Mitteilungen Der Osterreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft","volume":"83 1","pages":"469-494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83751424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the past decades, migration and translocal forms of living, including the spatial separation of households and families, have become everyday reality for almost a billion people. At the same time, mobile information and communication technologies, and especially mobile phones, have spread rapidly and are now accessible for many, even in poorer contexts in the Global South. The article combines practice-theory with approaches from media studies to examine how these two large themes intersect. It shows how the adoption of mobile phones by rural-to-urban labour migrants in Bangladesh is changing their translocal social practices, discusses key reasons for these changes, and their implications for translocal livelihoods and lives.
{"title":"Multiple Dimensions of Mediatised Translocal Social Practices. A Case Study of Domestic Migrants in Bangladesh","authors":"H. Sterly, P. Sakdapolrak","doi":"10.1553/MOEGG162S369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/MOEGG162S369","url":null,"abstract":"In the past decades, migration and translocal forms of living, including the spatial separation of households and families, have become everyday reality for almost a billion people. At the same time, mobile information and communication technologies, and especially mobile phones, have spread rapidly and are now accessible for many, even in poorer contexts in the Global South. The article combines practice-theory with approaches from media studies to examine how these two large themes intersect. It shows how the adoption of mobile phones by rural-to-urban labour migrants in Bangladesh is changing their translocal social practices, discusses key reasons for these changes, and their implications for translocal livelihoods and lives.","PeriodicalId":44373,"journal":{"name":"Mitteilungen Der Osterreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft","volume":"190 1","pages":"369-395"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77037474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article I explore the transfer of the territorial cohesion ideal of integrated polycentric development from the European Union’s (EU) institutional core towards the peripheral places of a Romanian region. The literature review explores the emergence of polycentric development as an attempt of reconciling divergent EU-wide spatial visions of growth and cohesion. I also explore the institutional particularities that shape the transfer of territorial cohesion in South-Eastern EU Member States. Drawing on Mark Bevir’s and Rod Rhodes’ “Decentered Governance Approach”, I design a conceptual framework to analyse this transfer through an actor-centered bottom-up perspective. My empirical material draws on qualitative research (policy document analysis and semi-structured expert interviews) conducted at the local, regional, and national levels. My analysis highlights the decision-making practices that underpin the making and implementing of urban and regional development policies. It examines the key substantive and governance narratives that underlie integrated polycentric development. I conclude the paper by highlighting the dominance of the concentrated growth development paradigm and make the case for territorial development concepts that are more sensitive to issues of peripheralisation.
{"title":"Transferring the Territorial Cohesion Ideal of Integrated Polycentric Development in the Light of Peripheralisation – Insights from Romania","authors":"Alexandru Brad","doi":"10.1553/MOEGG162S123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/MOEGG162S123","url":null,"abstract":"In this article I explore the transfer of the territorial cohesion ideal of integrated polycentric development from the European Union’s (EU) institutional core towards the peripheral places of a Romanian region. The literature review explores the emergence of polycentric development as an attempt of reconciling divergent EU-wide spatial visions of growth and cohesion. I also explore the institutional particularities that shape the transfer of territorial cohesion in South-Eastern EU Member States. Drawing on Mark Bevir’s and Rod Rhodes’ “Decentered Governance Approach”, I design a conceptual framework to analyse this transfer through an actor-centered bottom-up perspective. My empirical material draws on qualitative research (policy document analysis and semi-structured expert interviews) conducted at the local, regional, and national levels. My analysis highlights the decision-making practices that underpin the making and implementing of urban and regional development policies. It examines the key substantive and governance narratives that underlie integrated polycentric development. I conclude the paper by highlighting the dominance of the concentrated growth development paradigm and make the case for territorial development concepts that are more sensitive to issues of peripheralisation.","PeriodicalId":44373,"journal":{"name":"Mitteilungen Der Osterreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft","volume":"128 1","pages":"123-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74245980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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