Pub Date : 2005-05-09DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435905
Ding Jianjiang, Yu Zhiqiang, Yan Da-zhi, R. Chongji
A practical parametric model (PPM), described the modulated characteristics for aircraft rotating structure in the air surveillance radars is presented and validated. Firstly, the scattering mechanism of the modulated signatures generated by aircraft rotating structure is described systematically based on the optical electromagnetism scattering theories. Secondly, the PPM is proposed based on some theoretical parametric models, the radar system and aircraft rotating structure. The relationships between the modulated signatures of the air surveillance radar echoes and the physical rotating structures of aircraft are analyzed. Thirdly, the PPM is validated by analysis of different conditions echoes including aircraft configuration and orientation, radar parameters and operation. The results demonstrate that the relatively unchangeable modulated feature, which is corresponding to the rotating structure of helicopters and propellers, can be described with the PPM, and can be reliably and steadily extracted from the echoes of the air surveillance radars.
{"title":"Modeling and validation of modulated characteristics for aircraft rotating structure in the air surveillance radars","authors":"Ding Jianjiang, Yu Zhiqiang, Yan Da-zhi, R. Chongji","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435905","url":null,"abstract":"A practical parametric model (PPM), described the modulated characteristics for aircraft rotating structure in the air surveillance radars is presented and validated. Firstly, the scattering mechanism of the modulated signatures generated by aircraft rotating structure is described systematically based on the optical electromagnetism scattering theories. Secondly, the PPM is proposed based on some theoretical parametric models, the radar system and aircraft rotating structure. The relationships between the modulated signatures of the air surveillance radar echoes and the physical rotating structures of aircraft are analyzed. Thirdly, the PPM is validated by analysis of different conditions echoes including aircraft configuration and orientation, radar parameters and operation. The results demonstrate that the relatively unchangeable modulated feature, which is corresponding to the rotating structure of helicopters and propellers, can be described with the PPM, and can be reliably and steadily extracted from the echoes of the air surveillance radars.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"142 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129298325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-09DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435798
Yu Zhang, S. Qian, T. Thayaparan
Two new approaches for detecting a maneuvering air target in strong sea-clutter are proposed in this paper. One is based on the adaptive chirplet decomposition, and the other is inspired by the spectral subtraction. Experiments with real-world data samples show that both methods presented in this paper can effectively enhance the Doppler radar signals from maneuvering air targets though each has different strength and weakness.
{"title":"Two new approaches for detecting a maneuvering air target in strong sea-clutter","authors":"Yu Zhang, S. Qian, T. Thayaparan","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435798","url":null,"abstract":"Two new approaches for detecting a maneuvering air target in strong sea-clutter are proposed in this paper. One is based on the adaptive chirplet decomposition, and the other is inspired by the spectral subtraction. Experiments with real-world data samples show that both methods presented in this paper can effectively enhance the Doppler radar signals from maneuvering air targets though each has different strength and weakness.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"33 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120891475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-09DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435876
Lei Huang, Shunjun Wu, Linrang Zhang
In this paper, we consider a low-complexity method of weighted subspace fitting (WSF) for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. With the properties of the multi-stage Wiener filter (MSWF), we derive a novel criterion function for the WSF method without the estimate of an array covariance matrix and its eigendecomposition. A new approach for noise variance estimation is also proposed. Numerical results indicate that by selecting a specific weighting matrix, the low-complexity WSF estimator can provide the comparable estimation performance with the conventional WSF method.
{"title":"Low-complexity method of weighted subspace fitting for direction estimation","authors":"Lei Huang, Shunjun Wu, Linrang Zhang","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435876","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we consider a low-complexity method of weighted subspace fitting (WSF) for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. With the properties of the multi-stage Wiener filter (MSWF), we derive a novel criterion function for the WSF method without the estimate of an array covariance matrix and its eigendecomposition. A new approach for noise variance estimation is also proposed. Numerical results indicate that by selecting a specific weighting matrix, the low-complexity WSF estimator can provide the comparable estimation performance with the conventional WSF method.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121179312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-09DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435789
S. R. Duncan, V. Gregers-Hansen, J. McConnell
The dynamic range requirements of a modern radar system far exceed the dynamic range attainable with available ADC technology. Traditional ways of overcoming these dynamic range limitations, including STC, AGC, and IF limiting, have serious drawbacks. The stacked ADC concept was developed to address the dynamic range limitations without the drawbacks of the traditional mitigation techniques. To demonstrate the concept, an experimental system based on the concept was built and tested. The resulting system demonstrated a dynamic range improvement over COTS ADCs of 30 dB, providing a total dynamic range of 100 dB.
{"title":"A stacked analog-to-digital converter providing 100 dB of dynamic range","authors":"S. R. Duncan, V. Gregers-Hansen, J. McConnell","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435789","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic range requirements of a modern radar system far exceed the dynamic range attainable with available ADC technology. Traditional ways of overcoming these dynamic range limitations, including STC, AGC, and IF limiting, have serious drawbacks. The stacked ADC concept was developed to address the dynamic range limitations without the drawbacks of the traditional mitigation techniques. To demonstrate the concept, an experimental system based on the concept was built and tested. The resulting system demonstrated a dynamic range improvement over COTS ADCs of 30 dB, providing a total dynamic range of 100 dB.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125475105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-09DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435967
H. Kamel, Wael Badawy
In this paper we apply a new smoothing Rao-Blackwellized particle filter to track a highly maneuverable target in a multiple-sensors network. The scenario of a highly-maneuverable target moving through a field of multiple sensors is addressed. The target is tracked through the sensors filed using both Rao-Blackwellized particle filter and the proposed smoothing filter. In a simulation comparison, the smoothing Rao-Blackwellized particle filter yields performance improvements when tracking a highly-maneuverable target.
{"title":"A smoothing Rao-Blackwellized particle filter for tracking a highly-maneuverable target","authors":"H. Kamel, Wael Badawy","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435967","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we apply a new smoothing Rao-Blackwellized particle filter to track a highly maneuverable target in a multiple-sensors network. The scenario of a highly-maneuverable target moving through a field of multiple sensors is addressed. The target is tracked through the sensors filed using both Rao-Blackwellized particle filter and the proposed smoothing filter. In a simulation comparison, the smoothing Rao-Blackwellized particle filter yields performance improvements when tracking a highly-maneuverable target.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129067463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-09DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435908
Wang Feng, Xiang Jiabin, Yang Jun
This paper proposes a method to generate simulation data of spaceborne MPC SAR from real airborne complex image SAR data. This method can be used for testing the theoretical analysis result of spaceborne MPC SAR.
{"title":"The method to inverse-simulate spaceborne MPC SAR data based on common airborne SAR data","authors":"Wang Feng, Xiang Jiabin, Yang Jun","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435908","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method to generate simulation data of spaceborne MPC SAR from real airborne complex image SAR data. This method can be used for testing the theoretical analysis result of spaceborne MPC SAR.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130799191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-09DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435933
F. Kuroki, Y. Wagatsuma, T. Yoneyama
An FM-CW radar front-end was fabricated in an integrated manner at 60 GHz by using the NRD guide. Main emphasis was placed on compactness in size and high-precise operation in performance. The fabricated radar consists of an FM Gunn oscillator, a balanced mixer, and a planar antenna fed by leaky NRD guide with a mechanically beam-scanning performance. All circuit components and the antenna were contained in a compact housing of 170 /spl times/ 140 mm in area and 25 mm in thickness, and thus, a thin type of millimeter-wave radar front-end was successfully developed. And moreover, an error of distance estimation was measured to be less than a distance of 0.7 m.
{"title":"Mechanically beam-scanning NRD guide FM-CW radar for distance estimation at 60 GHz band","authors":"F. Kuroki, Y. Wagatsuma, T. Yoneyama","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435933","url":null,"abstract":"An FM-CW radar front-end was fabricated in an integrated manner at 60 GHz by using the NRD guide. Main emphasis was placed on compactness in size and high-precise operation in performance. The fabricated radar consists of an FM Gunn oscillator, a balanced mixer, and a planar antenna fed by leaky NRD guide with a mechanically beam-scanning performance. All circuit components and the antenna were contained in a compact housing of 170 /spl times/ 140 mm in area and 25 mm in thickness, and thus, a thin type of millimeter-wave radar front-end was successfully developed. And moreover, an error of distance estimation was measured to be less than a distance of 0.7 m.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117206652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-09DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435828
J. Worms
In this paper we consider estimation methods, which are based on the theory of "minimum description length" (MDL). Considering the proof of the MDL criterion given by G. Schwarz, the "deterministic-MDL-criterion" is derived and compared to the "eigen-MDL-criterion", proposed by Wax et. al. Having only a restricted number of sampled data in most cases the new criterion leads to better estimates than the "eigen-MDL-criterion". Our theoretical results are validated by numerical simulations.
{"title":"Estimating the number of received signals by the \"deterministic-MDL-criterion\"","authors":"J. Worms","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435828","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we consider estimation methods, which are based on the theory of \"minimum description length\" (MDL). Considering the proof of the MDL criterion given by G. Schwarz, the \"deterministic-MDL-criterion\" is derived and compared to the \"eigen-MDL-criterion\", proposed by Wax et. al. Having only a restricted number of sampled data in most cases the new criterion leads to better estimates than the \"eigen-MDL-criterion\". Our theoretical results are validated by numerical simulations.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132174481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-09DOI: 10.1109/MAES.2006.1581120
B. Cantrell, J. Rao, G. Tavik, M. Dorsey, V. Krichevsky
This paper presents a unique wideband array concept that includes a wideband array aperture incorporating radiating elements of different sizes and inter-element spacings. The array is a fully-filled aperture consisting of a core region surrounded by several layers of radiating elements which increase in size. By proper selection of the core region and the number of layers, one can form a beam with specified beamwidth over a five to one frequency range. The proposed concept considerably reduces the cost and complexity by decreasing the effective number of radiating elements and the corresponding receive or transmit modules. Numerical simulation results, ignoring the mutual coupling effects, are presented for array patterns at several frequencies to prove the concept. A possible beamforming concept is also included. Additional work is planned to prove the viability of the concept by taking the mutual coupling into account.
{"title":"Wideband array antenna concept","authors":"B. Cantrell, J. Rao, G. Tavik, M. Dorsey, V. Krichevsky","doi":"10.1109/MAES.2006.1581120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MAES.2006.1581120","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a unique wideband array concept that includes a wideband array aperture incorporating radiating elements of different sizes and inter-element spacings. The array is a fully-filled aperture consisting of a core region surrounded by several layers of radiating elements which increase in size. By proper selection of the core region and the number of layers, one can form a beam with specified beamwidth over a five to one frequency range. The proposed concept considerably reduces the cost and complexity by decreasing the effective number of radiating elements and the corresponding receive or transmit modules. Numerical simulation results, ignoring the mutual coupling effects, are presented for array patterns at several frequencies to prove the concept. A possible beamforming concept is also included. Additional work is planned to prove the viability of the concept by taking the mutual coupling into account.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114070651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-09DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435937
B. Yazıcı, Margaret Cheney
This paper considers synthetic aperture radar and other synthetic aperture imaging systems from an arbitrary (known) flight path. We assume a single-scattering model for the radar data, and we assume that the ground topography is known but not necessarily flat. We focus on cases in which the antenna footprint is so large that the standard narrow-beam algorithms are not useful. For this case, (Nohan, CJ and Cheney, M, 2003) gave an explicit backprojection imaging formula that corrects for the ground topography, flight path, antenna beam pattern, source waveform, and other geometrical factors. In this paper, we show how to modify the backprojection algorithm to account for statistical information about noise and clutter.
本文研究了任意(已知)飞行路径下的合成孔径雷达和其他合成孔径成像系统。我们假设雷达数据的单散射模型，并且假设地面地形是已知的，但不一定是平坦的。我们关注的是天线占用空间太大以至于标准窄波束算法不起作用的情况。对于这种情况，(Nohan, CJ和Cheney, M, 2003)给出了一个明确的反向投影成像公式，该公式校正了地面地形、飞行路径、天线波束方向图、源波形和其他几何因素。在本文中，我们展示了如何修改反向投影算法来考虑噪声和杂波的统计信息。
{"title":"Synthetic aperture inversion for arbitrary flight paths in the presence of noise and clutter","authors":"B. Yazıcı, Margaret Cheney","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435937","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers synthetic aperture radar and other synthetic aperture imaging systems from an arbitrary (known) flight path. We assume a single-scattering model for the radar data, and we assume that the ground topography is known but not necessarily flat. We focus on cases in which the antenna footprint is so large that the standard narrow-beam algorithms are not useful. For this case, (Nohan, CJ and Cheney, M, 2003) gave an explicit backprojection imaging formula that corrects for the ground topography, flight path, antenna beam pattern, source waveform, and other geometrical factors. In this paper, we show how to modify the backprojection algorithm to account for statistical information about noise and clutter.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122503038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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