Abstract For utility of economical and practical construction, precast concrete is used due to its advantages such as reliability, durability, and higher quality. The appropriate selection of connection between the precast elements can have a significant influence on both the structural performance and long-term durability of such precast system. In this study, the effects of different connecting techniques on the performance of the precast composite flanged beams were experimentally and numerically investigated. The experimental program included testing up to failure under flexural loading conditions three groups of composite specimens: reference group, mechanical connecting group and chemical connecting group. The numerical assessment was done by using a finite element analysis to get a better insight and analyze the response of tested composite beams that available in the software package ABAQUS. The experimental results showed the advantageous effects of using mechanical connecting technique, as evident from improvement of the ultimate capacity or ductility of the precast composite beams. The results also showed that the predicted structural behavior using finite element analysis in terms of ultimate carrying loads, load-midspan deflection curves and crack patterns of the composite beams was in good agreement with the experimental data.
{"title":"Mechanical and chemical bond for composite action of precast beams","authors":"Rana F. Yousef, M. Al-Rubaye, H. Muteb","doi":"10.1515/cls-2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For utility of economical and practical construction, precast concrete is used due to its advantages such as reliability, durability, and higher quality. The appropriate selection of connection between the precast elements can have a significant influence on both the structural performance and long-term durability of such precast system. In this study, the effects of different connecting techniques on the performance of the precast composite flanged beams were experimentally and numerically investigated. The experimental program included testing up to failure under flexural loading conditions three groups of composite specimens: reference group, mechanical connecting group and chemical connecting group. The numerical assessment was done by using a finite element analysis to get a better insight and analyze the response of tested composite beams that available in the software package ABAQUS. The experimental results showed the advantageous effects of using mechanical connecting technique, as evident from improvement of the ultimate capacity or ductility of the precast composite beams. The results also showed that the predicted structural behavior using finite element analysis in terms of ultimate carrying loads, load-midspan deflection curves and crack patterns of the composite beams was in good agreement with the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":44435,"journal":{"name":"Curved and Layered Structures","volume":"9 1","pages":"304 - 319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43341758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. O. Hamdoon, Alaa Abdulhady Jaber, Enass H. Flaieh
Abstract This paper has numerically investigated twodimensional laminar flow over a vibrating circular cylinder. Numerical simulation is performed using the dynamic overset mesh method available in commercial software ANSYS FLUENT 19.0. A simple harmonic motion is applied to simulate the cylinder vibration using the user-defined function (UDF) tool in FLUENT. To examine the accuracy and the capability of the present overset mesh approach, two test types of cylinder vibration are simulated: crossflow and inline vibrations. All simulations are performed at a constant Reynolds number (Re = 100) to predict the occurrence of synchronization or lock-in phenomenon. For the case of crossflow vibration, it is observed that lock-in occurs with cylinder oscillation frequency near the Strouhal frequency of the fixed cylinder. However, for the inline vibration, lockin occurs near twice the Strouhal frequency of the fixed cylinder. Furthermore, in the case of crossflow oscillation, the frequency content in the lift coefficients’ time history is successfully linked to the phase portraits’ shape and the vorticity field. The simulation results are consistent with the available published data in the literature. This indicates that the present numerical technique is valid and capable of modeling flows with moving structural systems.
{"title":"An overset mesh approach for a vibrating cylinder in uniform flow","authors":"F. O. Hamdoon, Alaa Abdulhady Jaber, Enass H. Flaieh","doi":"10.1515/cls-2022-0178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0178","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper has numerically investigated twodimensional laminar flow over a vibrating circular cylinder. Numerical simulation is performed using the dynamic overset mesh method available in commercial software ANSYS FLUENT 19.0. A simple harmonic motion is applied to simulate the cylinder vibration using the user-defined function (UDF) tool in FLUENT. To examine the accuracy and the capability of the present overset mesh approach, two test types of cylinder vibration are simulated: crossflow and inline vibrations. All simulations are performed at a constant Reynolds number (Re = 100) to predict the occurrence of synchronization or lock-in phenomenon. For the case of crossflow vibration, it is observed that lock-in occurs with cylinder oscillation frequency near the Strouhal frequency of the fixed cylinder. However, for the inline vibration, lockin occurs near twice the Strouhal frequency of the fixed cylinder. Furthermore, in the case of crossflow oscillation, the frequency content in the lift coefficients’ time history is successfully linked to the phase portraits’ shape and the vorticity field. The simulation results are consistent with the available published data in the literature. This indicates that the present numerical technique is valid and capable of modeling flows with moving structural systems.","PeriodicalId":44435,"journal":{"name":"Curved and Layered Structures","volume":"9 1","pages":"396 - 402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49205324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Shoeib, Ahmed Arafa, A. E. Sedawy, Awad M. EL-Hashmy
Abstract The investigation of the structural performance of reinforced concrete members in the construction process has become a critical issue for Hybrid GFRP bars with steel bars. The ultimate concrete shear strength of reinforced concrete beams contains both GFRP bars and Steel bars in main reinforcement are a main task of work. This paper examines the effect of sharing the fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars with steel bars for reinforced concrete (RC) structures on the concrete shear strength of RC beams. Fourteen RC beams without shear reinforcement were constructed and tested up to failure. The test beams included two steel-RC beams, one GFRP-RC beam, and eleven steel bars and GFRP bars (hybrid GFRP/steel)-RC beams. The main parameters were the reinforcement ratio, shear span to depth ratio, depth of the beam, concrete compressive strength, and compression reinforcement. The test results are presented in terms of crack patterns, failure modes, load-deflection, and load-strain behavior. The test results showed that hybrid GFRP/steel bars causing significant improvement in the ductility with reduction of the deformation comparing with an only steel bar in main steel in tested beams. The dowel action can play a major role in the process by which shear is carried in a beam. Finally, the initial proposal equation that calculates the shear strength of hybrid reinforced elements can serve as a guideline for the introduction of hybrid bars (GFRP and Steel) at the main reinforcement in RC beams.
{"title":"The shear strength of concrete beams hybrid-reinforced with GFRP bars and steel bars in main reinforcement without shear reinforcement","authors":"A. Shoeib, Ahmed Arafa, A. E. Sedawy, Awad M. EL-Hashmy","doi":"10.1515/cls-2022-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The investigation of the structural performance of reinforced concrete members in the construction process has become a critical issue for Hybrid GFRP bars with steel bars. The ultimate concrete shear strength of reinforced concrete beams contains both GFRP bars and Steel bars in main reinforcement are a main task of work. This paper examines the effect of sharing the fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars with steel bars for reinforced concrete (RC) structures on the concrete shear strength of RC beams. Fourteen RC beams without shear reinforcement were constructed and tested up to failure. The test beams included two steel-RC beams, one GFRP-RC beam, and eleven steel bars and GFRP bars (hybrid GFRP/steel)-RC beams. The main parameters were the reinforcement ratio, shear span to depth ratio, depth of the beam, concrete compressive strength, and compression reinforcement. The test results are presented in terms of crack patterns, failure modes, load-deflection, and load-strain behavior. The test results showed that hybrid GFRP/steel bars causing significant improvement in the ductility with reduction of the deformation comparing with an only steel bar in main steel in tested beams. The dowel action can play a major role in the process by which shear is carried in a beam. Finally, the initial proposal equation that calculates the shear strength of hybrid reinforced elements can serve as a guideline for the introduction of hybrid bars (GFRP and Steel) at the main reinforcement in RC beams.","PeriodicalId":44435,"journal":{"name":"Curved and Layered Structures","volume":"9 1","pages":"146 - 162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49546181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Poongkothai Jeyaraman, S. Mahesh, R. Selvamani, R. Dimitri, Francesco Tornabene
Abstract In the present work, a novel analytical model is provided for wave dispersion in a piezo-thermoelastic diffusive functionally graded rod through the multi-phase lag model and thermal activation. The plain strain model for thermo piezoelectric functionally graded rod is considered. The complex characteristic equations are obtained by using normal mode method which satisfies the nonlinear boundary conditions of piezo-thermoelastic functionally graded rod. The numerical calculations are carried out for copper material. The results of the variants stress, mechanical displacement, temperature and electric distribution, frequency are explored against the geometric parameters and some special parameters graded index, concentration constants are shown graphically. The observed results will be discuss elaborate. The results can be build reasonable attention in piezo-thermoelastic materials and smart materials industry.
{"title":"Multi thermal waves in a thermo diffusive piezo electric functionally graded rod via refined multi-dual phase-lag model","authors":"Poongkothai Jeyaraman, S. Mahesh, R. Selvamani, R. Dimitri, Francesco Tornabene","doi":"10.1515/cls-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the present work, a novel analytical model is provided for wave dispersion in a piezo-thermoelastic diffusive functionally graded rod through the multi-phase lag model and thermal activation. The plain strain model for thermo piezoelectric functionally graded rod is considered. The complex characteristic equations are obtained by using normal mode method which satisfies the nonlinear boundary conditions of piezo-thermoelastic functionally graded rod. The numerical calculations are carried out for copper material. The results of the variants stress, mechanical displacement, temperature and electric distribution, frequency are explored against the geometric parameters and some special parameters graded index, concentration constants are shown graphically. The observed results will be discuss elaborate. The results can be build reasonable attention in piezo-thermoelastic materials and smart materials industry.","PeriodicalId":44435,"journal":{"name":"Curved and Layered Structures","volume":"9 1","pages":"105 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49338114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The purpose of this study is to select the best methodologies for determining the condition of concrete structures. Semi-destructive concrete exposure methods were used to determine resistance parameters: the impact echo test to determine internal structure, the Figg test for air permeability, the initial surface adsorption test for water adsorption, titrimetric for chloride amounts, and a chemical and physical method to determine carbonation levels. In addition, two situations were simulated: a fire and a pipe burst and their impact on the condition of reinforced concrete structures. It was shown that the exposure to temperatures decreases the level of acidity, resulting in increased corrosion of steel. During a pipe burst, the amount of chlo-rides increases, which affects the reinforcement, oxidizing it. A search for possible correlation between concrete structure and carbonation, air permeability and water adsorption was also carried out. It was found that there is an almost linear dependence of these parameters on the presence of cracks, the deterioration of the structure leads to an increase in the transport properties of concrete, which becomes a danger to steel.
{"title":"Study of changes in concrete durability during the operation of buildings","authors":"S. Udodov, Dmitry Gura, Grigoriy Charikov","doi":"10.1515/cls-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study is to select the best methodologies for determining the condition of concrete structures. Semi-destructive concrete exposure methods were used to determine resistance parameters: the impact echo test to determine internal structure, the Figg test for air permeability, the initial surface adsorption test for water adsorption, titrimetric for chloride amounts, and a chemical and physical method to determine carbonation levels. In addition, two situations were simulated: a fire and a pipe burst and their impact on the condition of reinforced concrete structures. It was shown that the exposure to temperatures decreases the level of acidity, resulting in increased corrosion of steel. During a pipe burst, the amount of chlo-rides increases, which affects the reinforcement, oxidizing it. A search for possible correlation between concrete structure and carbonation, air permeability and water adsorption was also carried out. It was found that there is an almost linear dependence of these parameters on the presence of cracks, the deterioration of the structure leads to an increase in the transport properties of concrete, which becomes a danger to steel.","PeriodicalId":44435,"journal":{"name":"Curved and Layered Structures","volume":"9 1","pages":"193 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44231897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Prabowo, Ridwan Ridwan, T. Tuswan, J. Sohn, E. Surojo, F. Imaduddin
Abstract The development of the global economy has led to a rise in ship traffic. As a result, the risk of accidents, such as collisions between ships and grounding, has also increased. Different failure criteria to capture these accidents have been introduced by researchers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the essential distinction between these failure criteria. The simulations suggest that failure criteria based on the maximum stress result in a slightly higher rupture strain value, greater crack propagation, and higher internal energy than those based on the maximum strain. Furthermore, using a larger mesh size compared with the size of the test specimen appears to greatly affect the validity of the simulation results.
{"title":"Effect of the selected parameters in idealizing material failures under tensile loads: Benchmarks for damage analysis on thin-walled structures","authors":"A. Prabowo, Ridwan Ridwan, T. Tuswan, J. Sohn, E. Surojo, F. Imaduddin","doi":"10.1515/cls-2022-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The development of the global economy has led to a rise in ship traffic. As a result, the risk of accidents, such as collisions between ships and grounding, has also increased. Different failure criteria to capture these accidents have been introduced by researchers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the essential distinction between these failure criteria. The simulations suggest that failure criteria based on the maximum stress result in a slightly higher rupture strain value, greater crack propagation, and higher internal energy than those based on the maximum strain. Furthermore, using a larger mesh size compared with the size of the test specimen appears to greatly affect the validity of the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":44435,"journal":{"name":"Curved and Layered Structures","volume":"9 1","pages":"258 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44568179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amjed M. Bader, D. A. Alazawi, Hussain J. M. Al-Alkawi, Saad T. Faris
Abstract A machine part subjected to an axial compressive load is called strut. But, a vertical strut is known as a column. The machine members that must be investigated for the column action are connecting rods, piston rods, screw jack, etc. When a column is subjected to a compressive load and this load is gradually increased, a stage will be reached when the column will be subjected to ultimate load. Beyond this, the column will fail by crushing, and the load will be known as crushing load. When the column is short or intermediate, sometimes this column fails by bending, i.e. buckling. When the column is long, the value of buckling load is low for long columns and is relatively high for intermediate columns. The present investigation focuses on the testing and evaluation of the mechanical end buckling columns (samples) using 304 stainless steel under dry, corrosion, and combined dry with shot peening (SP) process. The buckling behavior of the axial compressive load has been studied experimentally and theoretically using Euler and Rankin theories. The results obtained from the above study manifested that the column, whose slenderness ratio (SR) is more than 120, is denoted as the long column, and the Euler theory can be successfully used. But, when the SR is less than 120, the column is known as an intermediate one. The mechanical and buckling properties exhibited a reduction due to the corrosion media and a reasonable improvement when using SP.
{"title":"Effect of shot peening on the critical buckling load of stainless steel 304 columns immersed in sea water","authors":"Amjed M. Bader, D. A. Alazawi, Hussain J. M. Al-Alkawi, Saad T. Faris","doi":"10.1515/cls-2022-0181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0181","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A machine part subjected to an axial compressive load is called strut. But, a vertical strut is known as a column. The machine members that must be investigated for the column action are connecting rods, piston rods, screw jack, etc. When a column is subjected to a compressive load and this load is gradually increased, a stage will be reached when the column will be subjected to ultimate load. Beyond this, the column will fail by crushing, and the load will be known as crushing load. When the column is short or intermediate, sometimes this column fails by bending, i.e. buckling. When the column is long, the value of buckling load is low for long columns and is relatively high for intermediate columns. The present investigation focuses on the testing and evaluation of the mechanical end buckling columns (samples) using 304 stainless steel under dry, corrosion, and combined dry with shot peening (SP) process. The buckling behavior of the axial compressive load has been studied experimentally and theoretically using Euler and Rankin theories. The results obtained from the above study manifested that the column, whose slenderness ratio (SR) is more than 120, is denoted as the long column, and the Euler theory can be successfully used. But, when the SR is less than 120, the column is known as an intermediate one. The mechanical and buckling properties exhibited a reduction due to the corrosion media and a reasonable improvement when using SP.","PeriodicalId":44435,"journal":{"name":"Curved and Layered Structures","volume":"9 1","pages":"442 - 450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45770679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Nuguzhinov, O. Khabidolda, Zh. T. Bakirov, S. Zholmagambetov, Alexey Kurokhtin, D. Tokanov
Abstract The work is devoted to determining the stress parameters of flexible reinforced concrete beams with cracks. The problem is solved using LIRA-SAPR using beam finite elements, taking into account the nonlinear relationship between deformation and stress in concrete. In the course of solution, a step-by-step loading method is used with the use of an iterative process at each step. To obtain the dependence of the stress parameters on varied factors, a rational planning matrix for a multifactor computer simulation was compiled to determine the stress parameters in bent rectangular reinforced concrete beams with a crack. According to this plan, computer simulations were conducted for concrete beams of C20/25 and B32/40 class. The obtained dependences enable to evaluate the operability of the considered structural elements for both groups of limiting states. They can be used to determine the parameters of fracture mechanics and evaluate the crack resistance of a beam.
{"title":"Regression dependences in bending reinforced concrete beam with cracks","authors":"Z. Nuguzhinov, O. Khabidolda, Zh. T. Bakirov, S. Zholmagambetov, Alexey Kurokhtin, D. Tokanov","doi":"10.1515/cls-2022-0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0182","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The work is devoted to determining the stress parameters of flexible reinforced concrete beams with cracks. The problem is solved using LIRA-SAPR using beam finite elements, taking into account the nonlinear relationship between deformation and stress in concrete. In the course of solution, a step-by-step loading method is used with the use of an iterative process at each step. To obtain the dependence of the stress parameters on varied factors, a rational planning matrix for a multifactor computer simulation was compiled to determine the stress parameters in bent rectangular reinforced concrete beams with a crack. According to this plan, computer simulations were conducted for concrete beams of C20/25 and B32/40 class. The obtained dependences enable to evaluate the operability of the considered structural elements for both groups of limiting states. They can be used to determine the parameters of fracture mechanics and evaluate the crack resistance of a beam.","PeriodicalId":44435,"journal":{"name":"Curved and Layered Structures","volume":"9 1","pages":"442 - 451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44682710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The shell structures are commonly used in many civil and industrial and long-span logistic applications. In this research we simply start by applying a degenerated finite element continuum approach. Then we propose a new alternative formulation by splitting the shear energy into two main components, the first one exactly integrated, whereas the second reduced integrated in a proper way. In this numerical and analytical research we present this advanced new approach (herein named penalty partial reduced selective integration) by adding weight coefficients to the splitting energy terms. As a consequence of this formulation, the unwanted locking events are definitively eliminated. A wide range of real and analytical examples, from scientific literature and practical engineering shell design situations, are analyzed and deeply investigated to better understand the level of accuracy and effectiveness of the formulation proposed. Furthermore, comparisons withwell defined and established shell finite elements are made just to yield insight into the predictive capability of the penalty partial reduced selective integration, herein proposed and studied. Hence many examples are used to test this new formulation in order to analyze the numerical behavior of the approximate solution in dependence of the splitting parameters. A simple kind of methodological rules for choosing these numerical non-dimensional parameters are also given.
{"title":"Penalty partial reduced selective integration: a new method to solve locking phenomena in thin shell steel and concrete structures","authors":"R. Nascimbene","doi":"10.1515/cls-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The shell structures are commonly used in many civil and industrial and long-span logistic applications. In this research we simply start by applying a degenerated finite element continuum approach. Then we propose a new alternative formulation by splitting the shear energy into two main components, the first one exactly integrated, whereas the second reduced integrated in a proper way. In this numerical and analytical research we present this advanced new approach (herein named penalty partial reduced selective integration) by adding weight coefficients to the splitting energy terms. As a consequence of this formulation, the unwanted locking events are definitively eliminated. A wide range of real and analytical examples, from scientific literature and practical engineering shell design situations, are analyzed and deeply investigated to better understand the level of accuracy and effectiveness of the formulation proposed. Furthermore, comparisons withwell defined and established shell finite elements are made just to yield insight into the predictive capability of the penalty partial reduced selective integration, herein proposed and studied. Hence many examples are used to test this new formulation in order to analyze the numerical behavior of the approximate solution in dependence of the splitting parameters. A simple kind of methodological rules for choosing these numerical non-dimensional parameters are also given.","PeriodicalId":44435,"journal":{"name":"Curved and Layered Structures","volume":"9 1","pages":"352 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47635709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study aims to investigate the behavior of concrete slabs acting compositely with symmetrical and asymmetrical castellated beams. Stud connectors are used to connect the concrete slab and steel section. The use of castellated steel beams to build up composite steel-concrete beams is now common practice in building construction. Five simply supported composite beams were examined under two-point loading. Two specimens built up from standard steel beams were used as control specimens and three specimens were built up from castellated steel beams. One of these specimens was built up using a castellated steel beam with an asymmetrical cross-section fabricated from two different standard sections (IPE120/HEA120). The concrete slab of all composite specimens had the same dimensions and properties. The experimental results showed that strength and rigidity were considerably greater for composite castellated steel beams compared to composite beams built up from the parent sections. The ultimate load capacity of a composite castellated beam fabricated from an IPE120 section was 46% greater than that of a composite beam built up using the parent beam, and the ultimate load capacity of a composite castellated beam fabricated from a wide-flanged HEA120 section resulted in an increase of 21% over the parent beam control specimen. The ultimate load capacity of the composite specimen built up using the asymmetrical castellated beam (IPE120/HEA120) achieved increases of 69% and 12%, respectively, compared to the control specimens built up from standard sections.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of composite steel–concrete beams using symmetrical and asymmetrical castellated beams","authors":"H. W. Al-Thabhawee","doi":"10.1515/cls-2022-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims to investigate the behavior of concrete slabs acting compositely with symmetrical and asymmetrical castellated beams. Stud connectors are used to connect the concrete slab and steel section. The use of castellated steel beams to build up composite steel-concrete beams is now common practice in building construction. Five simply supported composite beams were examined under two-point loading. Two specimens built up from standard steel beams were used as control specimens and three specimens were built up from castellated steel beams. One of these specimens was built up using a castellated steel beam with an asymmetrical cross-section fabricated from two different standard sections (IPE120/HEA120). The concrete slab of all composite specimens had the same dimensions and properties. The experimental results showed that strength and rigidity were considerably greater for composite castellated steel beams compared to composite beams built up from the parent sections. The ultimate load capacity of a composite castellated beam fabricated from an IPE120 section was 46% greater than that of a composite beam built up using the parent beam, and the ultimate load capacity of a composite castellated beam fabricated from a wide-flanged HEA120 section resulted in an increase of 21% over the parent beam control specimen. The ultimate load capacity of the composite specimen built up using the asymmetrical castellated beam (IPE120/HEA120) achieved increases of 69% and 12%, respectively, compared to the control specimens built up from standard sections.","PeriodicalId":44435,"journal":{"name":"Curved and Layered Structures","volume":"9 1","pages":"227 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47231298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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