Agricultural and Resource Economics Review最新文献

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Hedonic Pricing of Rice Attributes, Market Sorting, and Gains from Quality Improvement in the Beninese Market 稻米属性的享乐定价、市场分类与贝宁市场的品质提升收益

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review

Pub Date : 2021-01-26 DOI: 10.1017/age.2020.24

S. Ndindeng, E. Twine, G. Mujawamariya, R. Fiamohe, K. Futakuchi

Abstract Latent class analysis is applied to a hedonic price model to examine the presence of heterogeneity in consumer valuation of quality attributes in the Beninese rice market. Three classes of consumers are found in proportions of 5, 56, and 39 percent. We employ a partial equilibrium model and find modest gains in consumer surplus from an increase in head rice and reduction in chalkiness. The results provide evidence of market sorting, which should be taken into consideration in upgrading rice value chains. Also, it is important to assess potential gains from quality improvement to determine priorities for research and development.

摘要潜在类分析应用于享乐价格模型，以检验贝宁大米市场中消费者对质量属性评估的异质性。消费者分为三类，所占比例分别为5%、56%和39%。我们采用部分均衡模型，并发现消费者剩余的适度收益来自于头米的增加和白垩度的减少。研究结果为大米价值链升级提供了市场分类的依据。此外，评估质量改进的潜在收益以确定研究和开发的优先次序也很重要。

引用次数: 8

Farm Profitability as a Driver of Spatial Spillovers: The Case of Somatic Cell Counts on Wisconsin Dairies 农场盈利能力作为空间溢出效应的驱动因素:威斯康星州奶牛场体细胞计数的案例

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review

Pub Date : 2021-01-25 DOI: 10.1017/age.2020.22

T. Skevas, Ioannis Skevas, V. Cabrera

Abstract We hypothesize that spatial spillovers among neighboring farms are not only driven by spatial proximity, but also by farm profitability considerations. This hypothesis is tested by examining the role of spatial spillovers in shaping somatic cell counts (SCC) on Wisconsin dairy farms. Results show that neighborhood links defined both in terms of geographic proximity and farm profitability give rise to spatial spillovers that affect SCC. Significant differences in the estimated spatial spillovers are observed when defining the neighborhood space in terms of both farm profitability and geographic proximity as opposed to geographic proximity alone, with the data favoring the former specification.

摘要我们假设相邻农场之间的空间溢出不仅受空间邻近性的驱动，还受农场盈利能力的考虑。这一假设是通过检验空间溢出在威斯康星州奶牛场体细胞计数（SCC）形成中的作用来检验的。结果表明，从地理邻近性和农场盈利能力两个方面定义的邻里关系会产生影响SCC的空间溢出。当从农场盈利能力和地理邻近度两方面定义邻域空间时，与单独的地理邻近度相比，观察到估计的空间溢出效应存在显著差异，数据支持前一规范。

引用次数: 6

AGE volume 49 issue 3 Cover and Front matter AGE第49卷第3期封面和封面

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/age.2020.23

引用次数: 0

Increasing Participation and Access to Economic Associations and Their Services. 增加参与和获得经济协会及其服务的机会。

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review

Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI: 10.1017/age.2020.21

Elaine F Frey, Jill L Caviglia-Harris, Patrick Walsh

Discussions about increasing diversity in economics have ignored the role that associations play in the engagement of underrepresented economists. We continue work on diversity and inclusion in the Northeastern Agriculture and Resource Economics Association (NAREA) and other associations by analyzing membership and meeting attendance to promote diversity in economics. We estimate a vector error correction model (VECM) to identify the determinants of membership and meeting attendance and use member survey data to model membership and meeting attendance behavior. We find inequalities across gender, income, and professional status. Recommendations include locating meetings in accessible cities, increasing networking opportunities, and providing more services supporting underrepresented groups.

关于增加经济学多样性的讨论忽视了协会在代表性不足的经济学家的参与中所起的作用。我们继续在东北农业与资源经济协会(NAREA)和其他协会中开展多样性和包容性工作，通过分析会员和会议出席情况来促进经济学的多样性。我们估计了一个矢量误差修正模型(VECM)来确定成员和会议出席的决定因素，并使用成员调查数据来建模成员和会议出席行为。我们发现性别、收入和职业地位之间存在不平等。建议包括将会议地点设在交通便利的城市，增加交流机会，并为代表性不足的群体提供更多服务。

引用次数: 3

Impacts of Health Services on Agricultural Labor Productivity of Rural Households in Burkina Faso 卫生服务对布基纳法索农村家庭农业劳动生产率的影响

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review

Pub Date : 2020-08-17 DOI: 10.1017/age.2020.19

Omer S. Combary, S. Traore

Abstract This article has used the method of instrumental variables to evaluate the impact of health services on the productivity of rural households’ farming labor in Burkina Faso. The distance from the household's homestead to the Health and Social Promotion Center (HSPC) was considered as an instrumental variable. The results revealed that resorting to a HSPC in case of an unexpected illness in the rainy season significantly improves the farm labor productivity by FCFA 3170.5880 per person-day. For improving agricultural productivity, we suggest that public decision-makers should focus on the availability and the quality of HSPC services in rural areas.

摘要本文采用工具变量法评估了卫生服务对布基纳法索农村家庭农业劳动力生产力的影响。从家庭住所到健康和社会促进中心（HSPC）的距离被认为是一个工具变量。结果表明，在雨季出现意外疾病时，使用HSPC可显著提高农场劳动生产率，每人每天提高3170.5880 FCFA。为了提高农业生产力，我们建议公共决策者应关注农村地区HSPC服务的可用性和质量。

引用次数: 11

Quantification of cerebral blood flow in adults by contrast-enhanced near-infrared spectroscopy: Validation against MRI. 对比增强近红外光谱法量化成人脑血流量：与核磁共振成像对比验证。

Q3 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review

Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Epub Date: 2019-09-09 DOI: 10.1177/0271678X19872564

Daniel Milej, Lian He, Androu Abdalmalak, Wesley B Baker, Udunna C Anazodo, Mamadou Diop, Sudipto Dolui, Venkaiah C Kavuri, William Pavlosky, Lin Wang, Ramani Balu, John A Detre, Olivia Amendolia, Francis Quattrone, W Andrew Kofke, Arjun G Yodh, Keith St Lawrence

The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of absolute cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements obtained by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) using indocyanine green as a perfusion contrast agent. For validation, CBF was measured independently using the MRI perfusion method arterial spin labeling (ASL). Data were acquired at two sites and under two flow conditions (normocapnia and hypercapnia). Depth sensitivity was enhanced using time-resolved detection, which was demonstrated in a separate set of experiments using a tourniquet to temporally impede scalp blood flow. A strong correlation between CBF measurements from ASL and DCE-NIRS was observed (slope = 0.99 ± 0.08, y-intercept = -1.7 ± 7.4 mL/100 g/min, and R² = 0.88). Mean difference between the two techniques was 1.9 mL/100 g/min (95% confidence interval ranged from -15 to 19 mL/100g/min and the mean ASL CBF was 75.4 mL/100 g/min). Error analysis showed that structural information and baseline absorption coefficient were needed for optimal CBF reconstruction with DCE-NIRS. This study demonstrated that DCE-NIRS is sensitive to blood flow in the adult brain and can provide accurate CBF measurements with the appropriate modeling techniques.

本研究旨在评估使用吲哚菁绿作为灌注对比剂的动态对比增强（DCE）近红外光谱（NIRS）测量绝对脑血流（CBF）的准确性。为了进行验证，使用核磁共振灌注方法动脉自旋标记（ASL）独立测量了 CBF。数据是在两个部位和两种血流条件（正常碳酸血症和高碳酸血症）下采集的。使用时间分辨检测增强了深度灵敏度，这在一组使用止血带在时间上阻碍头皮血流的单独实验中得到了证实。ASL 和 DCE-NIRS 的 CBF 测量值之间存在很强的相关性（斜率 = 0.99 ± 0.08，y-截距 = -1.7 ± 7.4 mL/100 g/min，R2 = 0.88）。两种技术的平均差异为 1.9 mL/100 g/min（95% 置信区间为 -15 至 19 mL/100g/min，ASL CBF 平均值为 75.4 mL/100 g/min）。误差分析表明，利用 DCE-NIRS 重建最佳 CBF 需要结构信息和基线吸收系数。这项研究表明，DCE-NIRS 对成人大脑中的血流很敏感，采用适当的建模技术可以提供准确的 CBF 测量值。

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引用次数: 0

AGE volume 49 issue 2 Cover and Front matter AGE第49卷第2期封面和封面

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review

Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/age.2020.20

引用次数: 0

Knowledge Spillover and Positive Environmental Externality in Agricultural Decision Making under Performance-Based Payment Programs 绩效支付模式下农业决策中的知识溢出与正向环境外部性

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review

Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/age.2020.18

Hongxing Liu, Christopher S. Ruebeck

Agricultural activities have imposed significant impacts on water resources, leading to hypoxic zones and harmful algal blooms all over the world. Government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and individuals have been making various efforts to reduce this non-point source pollution. Among those efforts, even the more cost-effective examples of performance-based environmental payment programs generally have low participation rates. We investigate the effects of externalities in farmers’ decisions on neighboring farms, incorporating both a knowledge spillover effect and a positive environmental outcome externality of farmers’ best-management practice (BMP) adoption decisions. Our focus is on how these effects may influence the outcome of performance-based payment programs and how policy makers might recognize these effects in the design of cost-effective policies to promote program participation and BMP adoption. Rather than imposing an assumption of profit-maximization or forward-looking behavior, we allow outcomes to emerge from interactions among neighboring farmers. We recommend cost-effective policies across communities depending on their composition. It is more cost-effective to target communities with fewer innovators and/or target the programs towards the least-innovative individuals.

农业活动对水资源造成了重大影响，导致世界各地出现缺氧区和有害的藻华。政府机构、非政府组织和个人一直在为减少这种非点源污染做出各种努力。在这些努力中，即使是更具成本效益的基于绩效的环境支付计划，其参与率也普遍较低。我们研究了农民决策对邻近农场的外部性影响，包括农民最佳管理实践（BMP）采用决策的知识溢出效应和正环境结果外部性。我们的重点是这些影响如何影响基于绩效的支付计划的结果，以及决策者如何在设计具有成本效益的政策以促进计划参与和BMP采用时认识到这些影响。我们没有强加利润最大化或前瞻性行为的假设，而是允许相邻农民之间的互动产生结果。我们建议根据社区的组成，制定具有成本效益的政策。以创新者较少的社区为目标和/或以创新能力最低的个人为目标的计划更具成本效益。

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引用次数: 3

Foreword 前言

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review

Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/age.2020.16

Donna Ramirez Harrington, Martin D. Heintzelman

This special issue on “Environmental Regulation and Innovation in Local Communities” came out of the 2019 Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association's Post-Conference Workshop. The workshop sought to invite a conversation among researchers, think tanks, government agencies, and policy makers to enhance our understanding of (1) how local communities innovate when shaping and responding to environmental regulations, and (2) how these environmental regulations affect rural communities’ economic well-being and environmental quality. This resulting special issue includes two invited pieces from the workshop's keynote speakers, both leading scholars in the area of regulation or innovation and five manuscripts that deal with local environmental issues—issues that highlight geographically distinct environmental problems related to land use, water quality, and energy—each of which require different solutions. In various ways, these papers look at the linkages between economic and environmental objectives that define the location-specificity of the environmental issue at hand and the requisite policy solutions.

本期《地方社区环境规制与创新》特刊出自2019年东北农业与资源经济学会会后研讨会。研讨会旨在邀请研究人员、智库、政府机构和政策制定者之间进行对话，以增强我们对以下方面的理解:(1)当地社区如何在制定和响应环境法规时进行创新;(2)这些环境法规如何影响农村社区的经济福祉和环境质量。这期特刊包括两篇来自研讨会主讲人的受邀文章，他们都是监管或创新领域的顶尖学者，以及五篇处理当地环境问题的手稿——这些问题突出了与土地利用、水质和能源有关的地理上不同的环境问题——每一个问题都需要不同的解决方案。这些文件以各种方式探讨了经济和环境目标之间的联系，这些目标确定了手头环境问题的地点特殊性和必要的政策解决办法。

引用次数: 0

Ethnic Variation in Immigrants' Diets and Food Acculturation – United States 1999–2012 移民饮食和饮食文化的种族差异——美国1999-2012

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review

Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.1017/age.2020.17

G. W. Gustavsen, D. Dong, R. Nayga, K. Rickertsen

Abstract Immigration has changed the United States from having a predominantly white to a more ethnically diverse population. People who move to the U.S. may initially have diets unlike native-born Americans but gradually adopt eating patterns more like them. Using NHANES data and a censored gamma regression model, this study estimated the daily consumption of major food products among groups of immigrants and the corresponding groups born in the U.S. Results show that immigrants had lower consumption of meat and higher consumption of fruits and vegetables, and immigrants’ consumption converged towards a less healthy American diet after five years in the U.S.

移民使美国从一个以白人为主的国家变成了一个种族更加多样化的国家。移民到美国的人最初的饮食可能与美国本土出生的人不同，但逐渐接受的饮食模式更像他们。利用NHANES数据和删减伽玛回归模型，本研究估算了移民群体和在美国出生的相应群体的主要食品的日常消费量。结果表明，移民对肉类的消费量较低，对水果和蔬菜的消费量较高，移民在美国五年后的消费趋向于不太健康的美国饮食

引用次数: 1

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