Abstract One of the main factors that determines voter turnout is the mobilisation of the constituency of a given party compared with that of its opponents. The turnout in the 2019 European Parliament election in Poland was twice what it had been in previous years, and the result was forecast accordingly. The media initially reported that the victorious PiS had benefitted from new votes. The present article shows that drilling down to the lowest level of administrative unit (viz. the gmina) actually reveals a negative correlation between higher frequency and increased support for PiS in many cases. This implies that PiS did not win solely as a result of new voters being mobilised, but also, and perhaps predominantly, because KE voters switched their allegiance to PiS. Many new voters actually voted for the opposition.
{"title":"2019 European Parliament Election in Poland: who benefitted from the record increase in turnout?","authors":"Magdalena Skorupska","doi":"10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the main factors that determines voter turnout is the mobilisation of the constituency of a given party compared with that of its opponents. The turnout in the 2019 European Parliament election in Poland was twice what it had been in previous years, and the result was forecast accordingly. The media initially reported that the victorious PiS had benefitted from new votes. The present article shows that drilling down to the lowest level of administrative unit (viz. the gmina) actually reveals a negative correlation between higher frequency and increased support for PiS in many cases. This implies that PiS did not win solely as a result of new voters being mobilised, but also, and perhaps predominantly, because KE voters switched their allegiance to PiS. Many new voters actually voted for the opposition.","PeriodicalId":44469,"journal":{"name":"Miscellanea Geographica","volume":"16 1","pages":"136 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84777578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the study, hydrological drought was identified assuming that the occurrence of river low-flow is a symptom of drought, and is also a good estimator of its progress. The research was conducted in the upper Dunajec river catchment, for which a series of daily discharges from 20 gauging stations during the period 1989–2018 were available. The low-flow periods were identified on the basis of the Threshold Level Method, which corresponds to the seventieth percentile of the flow duration curve. On the basis of a developed algorithm, 41 drought events were identified. Analysis included spatial parameters referring to range, severity, concentration, continuation, and the development pace of hydrological drought. Finally, on the basis of cluster analysis, five dynamic types of hydrological drought were identified.
{"title":"Dynamics of hydrological droughts propagation in mountainous catchments","authors":"M. Kozek, E. Tomaszewski","doi":"10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the study, hydrological drought was identified assuming that the occurrence of river low-flow is a symptom of drought, and is also a good estimator of its progress. The research was conducted in the upper Dunajec river catchment, for which a series of daily discharges from 20 gauging stations during the period 1989–2018 were available. The low-flow periods were identified on the basis of the Threshold Level Method, which corresponds to the seventieth percentile of the flow duration curve. On the basis of a developed algorithm, 41 drought events were identified. Analysis included spatial parameters referring to range, severity, concentration, continuation, and the development pace of hydrological drought. Finally, on the basis of cluster analysis, five dynamic types of hydrological drought were identified.","PeriodicalId":44469,"journal":{"name":"Miscellanea Geographica","volume":"109 1","pages":"111 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76868334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of the study was to develop a low-cost method for tourism opportunity spectrum evaluation in rural landscapes. The method uses the geographic information system (GIS) for spatial analysis of the problem. Open source materials are used in the evaluation. Three principal indices derived from spatial data are evaluated: attraction index, view index, and access index. These form the basis for tourism suitability and opportunity spectrum evaluation. The analysis is realized for two types of tourists: those using cars, and hikers. The method permits the current state of tourism to be identified, and points out possible ways for further development as well as identifying valuable but overexploited zones which should be conserved. The obtained results can improve the sustainable management of landscapes and enhance the profits of rural areas.
{"title":"Rural Tourism Opportunity Spectrum: Linking People and Landscape for Spatial Planning","authors":"S. Kulczyk, E. Woźniak","doi":"10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the study was to develop a low-cost method for tourism opportunity spectrum evaluation in rural landscapes. The method uses the geographic information system (GIS) for spatial analysis of the problem. Open source materials are used in the evaluation. Three principal indices derived from spatial data are evaluated: attraction index, view index, and access index. These form the basis for tourism suitability and opportunity spectrum evaluation. The analysis is realized for two types of tourists: those using cars, and hikers. The method permits the current state of tourism to be identified, and points out possible ways for further development as well as identifying valuable but overexploited zones which should be conserved. The obtained results can improve the sustainable management of landscapes and enhance the profits of rural areas.","PeriodicalId":44469,"journal":{"name":"Miscellanea Geographica","volume":"26 1","pages":"101 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84127158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The focus of this study is electoral accounting practices employed by mayors in municipalities in a selected, exemplary region in a post-socialist country – the Lodz region in Central Poland. The goal is to identify characteristics of pork-barrel mayors responsible for municipal investment expenditures: their terms of office, partisan affiliation, and gender. The generalised method of moments was applied to estimate the impact that the electoral accounting practices of mayors had on municipal investment expenditures. All 177 municipalities in the Lodz region were investigated, from 2003 until 2019. Contrary to expectations, it was found that electoral accounting was practised by next-term and independent mayors rather than first-term or party-affiliated ones.
{"title":"Municipal investment expenditures by pork-barrel mayors: evidence from a transition economy","authors":"Katarzyna Leśniewska-Napierała, Tomasz Napierała","doi":"10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The focus of this study is electoral accounting practices employed by mayors in municipalities in a selected, exemplary region in a post-socialist country – the Lodz region in Central Poland. The goal is to identify characteristics of pork-barrel mayors responsible for municipal investment expenditures: their terms of office, partisan affiliation, and gender. The generalised method of moments was applied to estimate the impact that the electoral accounting practices of mayors had on municipal investment expenditures. All 177 municipalities in the Lodz region were investigated, from 2003 until 2019. Contrary to expectations, it was found that electoral accounting was practised by next-term and independent mayors rather than first-term or party-affiliated ones.","PeriodicalId":44469,"journal":{"name":"Miscellanea Geographica","volume":"63 1","pages":"94 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85057970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kuczabski, T. Bezverkhnuik, I. Sencha, I. Azarova
Abstract This article analyzes the recreational potential of the Odessa region with the implementation of recreational zoning. The evaluation of the recreational potential proposed is based on selected indicators, reflecting the presence of certain recreational resources in the Odessa region, which is located on the Ukrainian Black Sea coast. The zoning of the geosystem of the territories is carried out by combining several tools and methods according to the indicators of the recreational potential identified in the corresponding zones. Based on the assessment results completed in 2019, the territorial units were grouped into the recreational areas proposed according to their suitability for the main recreation functions. The results obtained identify five recreational zones in the Odessa region with the most promising strategy for recreational use. This will become the basis for developing priority strategies for investing into the recreational sphere and determining the types and objects of investment.
{"title":"Recreational Zoning of the Coastal Territories Using the Example of the Odessa Region","authors":"A. Kuczabski, T. Bezverkhnuik, I. Sencha, I. Azarova","doi":"10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article analyzes the recreational potential of the Odessa region with the implementation of recreational zoning. The evaluation of the recreational potential proposed is based on selected indicators, reflecting the presence of certain recreational resources in the Odessa region, which is located on the Ukrainian Black Sea coast. The zoning of the geosystem of the territories is carried out by combining several tools and methods according to the indicators of the recreational potential identified in the corresponding zones. Based on the assessment results completed in 2019, the territorial units were grouped into the recreational areas proposed according to their suitability for the main recreation functions. The results obtained identify five recreational zones in the Odessa region with the most promising strategy for recreational use. This will become the basis for developing priority strategies for investing into the recreational sphere and determining the types and objects of investment.","PeriodicalId":44469,"journal":{"name":"Miscellanea Geographica","volume":"11 11 1","pages":"80 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86532532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A review of recent publications concerning the South American Pantepui biogeographic region revealed recurring mistakes in the naming of several table mountains (known locally as ‘tepui’, ‘tipu’ or ‘tepuy’) located around the Guyana-Venezuela border, close to the transection of the so-called Schomburgk Line and the course of Rio Venamo. The mistakes are believed to have arisen and have been repeated as a result of a noticeable scarcity of detailed maps of the region, its short history of exploration and ongoing inaccessibility. An extensive analysis of modern satellite data and records of past research expeditions, supplemented by first-hand observations and assessment made during an expedition to Waukauyengtipu in the Cuyuni-Mazaruni Region in Guyana in January 2019, are used to clarify the nomenclatural confusion regarding the tepuis of the area. We determine that the tepuis known as Cerro Venamo and Waukauyengtipu should be treated as separate and distinct geographic formations.
{"title":"Notes on misconceptions in the application of geographical names of the tepuis on the borderlands of Guyana and Venezuela and a clarification of the location of Waukauyengtipu and Cerro Venamo","authors":"Mateusz Wrazidlo, S. Mcpherson, H. D. Clarke","doi":"10.2478/mgrsd-2020-0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2020-0073","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A review of recent publications concerning the South American Pantepui biogeographic region revealed recurring mistakes in the naming of several table mountains (known locally as ‘tepui’, ‘tipu’ or ‘tepuy’) located around the Guyana-Venezuela border, close to the transection of the so-called Schomburgk Line and the course of Rio Venamo. The mistakes are believed to have arisen and have been repeated as a result of a noticeable scarcity of detailed maps of the region, its short history of exploration and ongoing inaccessibility. An extensive analysis of modern satellite data and records of past research expeditions, supplemented by first-hand observations and assessment made during an expedition to Waukauyengtipu in the Cuyuni-Mazaruni Region in Guyana in January 2019, are used to clarify the nomenclatural confusion regarding the tepuis of the area. We determine that the tepuis known as Cerro Venamo and Waukauyengtipu should be treated as separate and distinct geographic formations.","PeriodicalId":44469,"journal":{"name":"Miscellanea Geographica","volume":"22 1","pages":"75 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81773068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The article presents selected issues within the field of space syntax, its theoretical assumptions, and application possibilities, taking into account, especially, works in the field of social and economic geography, and spatial management. The article attempts to present Polish works in the field of space syntax as related to the wider spectrum of its global applications. In Poland, the theory and research tools of space syntax are rarely used. It appears that there are two factors that influence the current marginalisation of space syntax. The first one is the relative complexity of the research procedure, which requires knowledge of specialist computer software. The second arises directly from the fact that, in reality, only occasional use of space syntax tools has been attempted within the Polish arena. This determines the actual lack of a native space syntax community that would support subsequent researchers who are ready to conduct such studies.
{"title":"Space syntax as a socio-economic approach: a review of potentials in the polish context","authors":"M. Lamprecht","doi":"10.2478/mgrsd-2020-0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2020-0072","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article presents selected issues within the field of space syntax, its theoretical assumptions, and application possibilities, taking into account, especially, works in the field of social and economic geography, and spatial management. The article attempts to present Polish works in the field of space syntax as related to the wider spectrum of its global applications. In Poland, the theory and research tools of space syntax are rarely used. It appears that there are two factors that influence the current marginalisation of space syntax. The first one is the relative complexity of the research procedure, which requires knowledge of specialist computer software. The second arises directly from the fact that, in reality, only occasional use of space syntax tools has been attempted within the Polish arena. This determines the actual lack of a native space syntax community that would support subsequent researchers who are ready to conduct such studies.","PeriodicalId":44469,"journal":{"name":"Miscellanea Geographica","volume":"45 3-4","pages":"5 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72477555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract As many countries pursue private financing for urban public infrastructure, the tools for public value capture (PVC) gain prominence. This paper analyses Polish PVC tools in general, and spotlights a specific type: developer obligations (DOs). The authors conclude that the tools are ineffective for a series of reasons: negligence in the elaboration of pragmatic rationales (to mitigate the negative impacts of urban development), a lack of feasible (affordable) coercive land policy tools, and legislation (which puts Poland in sharp contrast to other countries) that prohibits municipalities from requiring DOs in exchange for approval of a land-use plan or planning permit, as well as the general ban on securing such obligations in a planning agreement (except for specific situations introduced by recent laws that have not yet been applied). As a consequence, new urban development in Poland neither includes sufficient urban public infrastructure, nor does it provide for social/affordable housing.
{"title":"Failure and opportunities of public value capture and developer obligations in Polish urban development","authors":"D. Gielen, T. Ossowicz, T. Zaborowski","doi":"10.2478/mgrsd-2020-0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2020-0071","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As many countries pursue private financing for urban public infrastructure, the tools for public value capture (PVC) gain prominence. This paper analyses Polish PVC tools in general, and spotlights a specific type: developer obligations (DOs). The authors conclude that the tools are ineffective for a series of reasons: negligence in the elaboration of pragmatic rationales (to mitigate the negative impacts of urban development), a lack of feasible (affordable) coercive land policy tools, and legislation (which puts Poland in sharp contrast to other countries) that prohibits municipalities from requiring DOs in exchange for approval of a land-use plan or planning permit, as well as the general ban on securing such obligations in a planning agreement (except for specific situations introduced by recent laws that have not yet been applied). As a consequence, new urban development in Poland neither includes sufficient urban public infrastructure, nor does it provide for social/affordable housing.","PeriodicalId":44469,"journal":{"name":"Miscellanea Geographica","volume":"1 1","pages":"15 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83641501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Commuting to work is one of the key motivations for people to move around cities or other regions. For the purpose of this study, the city of Szczecin in Poland has been selected, where the modal division of transport includes public transport (bus, tram) and private transport (car). The maps present the spatial distribution of citizens within a working area as well as precise locations of workplaces registered in the REGON database. The main objective of this study is to analyse the potential accessibility of workplaces and the working-age population of the city using the abovementioned modes of transport, and to indicate the places less accessible by public transport and car for commuting purposes. The study presented herein is based on data from 2018. The calculated average accessibility by different means of public and private transport as well as the potential accessibility quotient are presented in the form of box plots.
{"title":"The potential accessibility to workplaces and working-age population by means of public and private car transport in Szczecin","authors":"Sławomir Goliszek","doi":"10.2478/mgrsd-2020-0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2020-0069","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Commuting to work is one of the key motivations for people to move around cities or other regions. For the purpose of this study, the city of Szczecin in Poland has been selected, where the modal division of transport includes public transport (bus, tram) and private transport (car). The maps present the spatial distribution of citizens within a working area as well as precise locations of workplaces registered in the REGON database. The main objective of this study is to analyse the potential accessibility of workplaces and the working-age population of the city using the abovementioned modes of transport, and to indicate the places less accessible by public transport and car for commuting purposes. The study presented herein is based on data from 2018. The calculated average accessibility by different means of public and private transport as well as the potential accessibility quotient are presented in the form of box plots.","PeriodicalId":44469,"journal":{"name":"Miscellanea Geographica","volume":"25 1","pages":"31 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77288514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of the paper is to propose a data model for editing historical records using the example of Karol Perthées’ works from the late 18th century. These consist of cartographic sketches, elaborated on the basis of parochial questionnaires and the maps of palatinates of the Crown, which are at a scale of 1:225,000. The model links the advantages of direct source data representation with scalability and flexibility features, which provide analytical possibilities. The sketches are indexed using the INDXR application and the structure of the model reflects the structure of the source. The maps were analyzed in a GIS environment, but no georeferencing was performed. The data collected separately as symbols and annotations were treated independently and were linked via features. The model is illustrated by a preliminary study of materials covering the area of the Zemborzyce parish near Lublin.
{"title":"Source-driven data model for geohistorical records’ editing: a case study of the works of Karol Perthées","authors":"Bogumił Szady, Tomasz Panecki","doi":"10.2478/mgrsd-2020-0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2020-0070","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the paper is to propose a data model for editing historical records using the example of Karol Perthées’ works from the late 18th century. These consist of cartographic sketches, elaborated on the basis of parochial questionnaires and the maps of palatinates of the Crown, which are at a scale of 1:225,000. The model links the advantages of direct source data representation with scalability and flexibility features, which provide analytical possibilities. The sketches are indexed using the INDXR application and the structure of the model reflects the structure of the source. The maps were analyzed in a GIS environment, but no georeferencing was performed. The data collected separately as symbols and annotations were treated independently and were linked via features. The model is illustrated by a preliminary study of materials covering the area of the Zemborzyce parish near Lublin.","PeriodicalId":44469,"journal":{"name":"Miscellanea Geographica","volume":"10 1","pages":"52 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74307395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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