Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy最新文献

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the ability of radiomics features extracted from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images to differentiate between responders and non-responders for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases who received Y-90 transarterial radioembolization treatment.

Methods: Thirty-six cases of HCC who underwent MRI scans after Y-90 radioembolization were included in this study. Tumors were segmented from MRI T2 images, and then 87 radiomic features were extracted through the LIFEx package software. Treatment response was determined 9 months after treatment through the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumours (mRECIST).

Results: According to mRECIST, 28 cases were responders and 8 cases were non-responders. Two radiomics features, "Grey Level Size Zone Matrix (GLSZM)-Small Zone Emphasis" and "GLSZM-Normalized Zone Size Non-Uniformity", were the radiomics features that could predict treatment response with the area under curve (AUC)= 0.71, sensitivity= 0.93, and specificity= 0.62 for both features. Whereas the other 4 features (kurtosis, intensity histogram root mean square, neighbourhood gray-tone difference matrix strength, and GLSZM normalized grey level non-uniformity) have a relatively lower but acceptable discrimination ability range from AUC= 0.6 to 0.66.

Conclusion: MRI radiomics analysis could be used to assess the treatment response for HCC cases treated with Y-90 radioembolization.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the cooccurrence of capsular liver lesions along with peritoneal carcinomatosis and hematogenous metastases in other regions of the body in ovarian cancer patients on follow-up F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) studies.

Methods: Consecutive ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT studies of 54 women with ovarian cancer between August 2012 and January 2020 and a total of 192 scans were analysed retrospectively. All patients had at least one hepatic and/or capsular lesion with high ¹⁸F-FDG uptake and at least two PET/CT examinations.

Results: According to interpretation, of 54 patients with hepatic or capsular lesions, 44 (81.4%), 5 (9.3%) and 5 (9.3%) of them were concluded as perihepatic implants, hematogenous liver metastases and both, respectively. Accompanying peritoneal carcinomatosis on follow-up PET/CT images was found in 42 (95.4%) and 3 (60%) patients with solely capsular lesions and solely hematogenous liver metastases, respectively. Extrahepatic hematogenous organ metastases on follow-up PET/CT images were seen in 4 (9.0%) and 3 (60%) patients with solely capsular lesions and solely hematogenous liver metastases, respectively. Lungs, bones, spleen and brain were detected metastases sites.

Conclusion: Cooccurrence of peritoneal carcinomatosis in other regions of abdomen was found to be higher in comparison to hematogenous organ metastases on consecutive PET/CT studies of ovarian cancer patients with capsular liver lesions. The primary opinion of the nuclear medicine physician is essential along with the other patient data for differential diagnosis and treatment approach in this particular patient group.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) parameters have a role in differentiating invasive mucinous lung adenocarcinoma (IMA) from lepidic predominant lung adenocarcinoma (LPA). Additionally, we compared the ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT features between survivors and non-survivors.

Methods: Tumors were divided into 2 groups according to CT appearance: Group 1: nodular-type tumor; group 2: mass- or pneumonic-type tumor. Unilateral and bilateral multifocal diseases were detected. Clinicopathological characteristics and PET/CT findings were compared between IMAs and LPAs, as well as between survivors and non-survivors.

Results: We included 43 patients with IMA and 14 with LPA. Tumor size (p=0.003), incidence of mass/pneumonic type (p=0.011), and bilateral lung involvement (p=0.049) were higher in IMAs than in LPAs. IMAs had more advanced T, M, and Tumor, Node, and Metastasis stages than in LPAs (p=0.048, p=0.049, and p=0.022, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_max) between the IMA and LPA (p=0.078). The SUV was significantly lower in the nodular group than in the mass/pneumonic-type group (p=0.0001). A total of 11 patients died, of whom SUV_max values were significantly higher in these patients (p=0.031). Male gender (p=0.0001), rate of stage III-IV (p=0.0001), T3-T4 (p=0.021), M1 stages (p=0.0001), multifocality (p=0.0001), and bilateral lung involvement (p=0.0001) were higher in non-survivor.

Conclusions: Although CT images were useful for the differential diagnosis of LPAs and IMAs, SUV_max was not helpful for differentiation of these 2 groups. However, both ¹⁸F-FDG uptake and CT findings may play an important role in predicting prognosis in these patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the relationships between volumetric ⁶⁸Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) parameters, Gleason score (GS), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, histopathological data, and metastatic status in newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) patients and to assess the predictive factors for progression despite treatment.

Methods: A total of 78 newly diagnosed patients with PCa who had ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET/CT scans were included. Clinical parameters, histopathological data, and metastatic status were documented, and volumetric parameters of primary prostate lesions were measured. All obtained data were compared statistically.

Results: Primary prostate tumor maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_max) and GS were significantly related to serum PSA levels (p<0.05). PSA levels and SUV_max values were significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastases than in those without. GS was found to be significantly increased in metastatic patients. PSMA-derived tumor volume (PSMA-TV) and total lesion PSMA of the primary lesion had a significant relationship with PSA value, GS, and regional lymph node metastases. Receiver operating characteristic analysis, conducted in patients with metastatic and localized disease, identified the cutoff value for SUV_max as 10.85. According to the results of the logistic regression analysis, PSMA-TV was found to be a predictive factor for progression despite treatment.

Conclusion: ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET/CT remains an invaluable imaging modality that should be considered first in PCa staging because of its superior compatibility with clinical and histopathologic data. The importance of this method goes beyond diagnostic accuracy; it also extends into the predictive domain, where the PSMA-TV value of primary prostate lesions is a potential predictor of treatment efficacy. This information is valuable for personalizing patient treatment, improving prognostic accuracy, and predicting clinical outcomes.